Multi-grid switch unit and rotary switch

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-grid switch unit and a rotary switch, and belongs to the field of low-voltage electric appliances. The multi-grid switch unit is provided with a shell, a first static contact assembly, a second static contact assembly, a moving contact, a moving contact support, a first arc extinguish chamber, a second arc extinguish chamber, a first magnetic system assembly and a second magnetic system assembly, wherein the first magnetic system assembly and the second magnetic system assembly are respectively provided with an upper arc extinguish cavity and a lower arc extinguish cavity; the rotary switch is provided with a plurality of laminated multi-grid switch units. According to the utility model, the double-layer magnetic system assembly is arranged between the moving contact and the static contact, so that non-polar electromagnetic force driving of an electric arc is realized, the electric arc voltage can be obviously improved, the improvement of the breaking electric arc voltage grade of the switch unit, the improvement of the comprehensive performance of the rotary switch, the reduction of the structural size and the reduction of the cost are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of low-voltage electrical appliances, and in particular relates to a multi-grid switch unit and a rotary switch. Background Art

[0002] The rotary switch is a common structure in the isolating switch. As an important electrical component in the circuit system, it plays a key role in control and protection. The rotary switch is widely used in power systems, such as photovoltaic power generation and energy storage. At present, the known types of rotary switches usually include a static contact and a moving contact. When the moving contact is separated from the static contact, an arc will be generated. The arc may damage the contact and may also cause the circuit to be disconnected for a longer time, which makes the rotary switch have hidden dangers during use. Therefore, the rotary switch will be provided with an arc extinguishing chamber to extinguish the arc.

[0003] However, as the voltage of photovoltaic and energy storage systems continues to increase, how to improve the comprehensive performance of rotary switches through structural design and optimization is a challenge in rotary switch design. Some existing rotary switches cannot meet the isolation requirements of system power failure, or use floating electrodes to improve the arc breaking ability, but the breaking effect needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The utility model aims at the problem of arc breaking capacity of existing rotary switches and provides a multi-grid switch unit and a rotary switch, which can effectively utilize the space structure of the switch unit within a limited volume, thereby improving the comprehensive performance of the rotary switch, reducing the structure and the cost.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A multi-grid switch unit comprises a housing, wherein static contacts are arranged at a set of diagonal positions of the housing; a moving contact bracket is arranged at a central position in the housing, and a moving contact is arranged on the moving contact bracket, and the moving contact bracket drives the moving contact to rotate, and the moving contact realizes contact and separation with two static contacts through rotation; when the moving contact rotates, a magnetic system component is arranged in a fan-shaped extension area formed by the moving contact and the two static contacts, and an arc extinguishing chamber is arranged between a side of the magnetic system component away from the moving contact and the housing, and the arc extinguishing chamber comprises a plurality of metal grids spaced from each other;

[0007] The magnetic system component is a first magnetic system component or a second magnetic system component, and the two have the same structure; the first magnetic system component includes a first permanent magnet, and a first magnetic conductor, a first insulating arc shield, a third arc striking angle, a second insulating arc shield, a second magnetic conductor, and a second permanent magnet are sequentially arranged below the first permanent magnet; the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, the first magnetic conductor and the second magnetic conductor, the first insulating arc shield, and the second insulating arc shield are all rotationally symmetrical around the third arc striking angle;

[0008] The third arc-striking angle is in the shape of a Chinese character "}", and includes an upper arc-striking portion and a lower arc-striking portion; a third insulating arc-striking cover is provided between the upper arc-striking portion and the lower arc-striking portion, a first arc-striking angle is provided between the first insulating arc-striking cover and the third insulating arc-striking cover, and the upper arc-striking portion, the first arc-striking angle, the first insulating arc-striking cover and the third insulating arc-striking cover constitute a first arc-extinguishing cavity; a second arc-striking angle is provided between the second insulating arc-striking cover and the third insulating arc-striking cover, and the lower arc-striking portion, the second arc-striking angle, the third insulating arc-striking cover and the second insulating arc-striking cover constitute a second arc-extinguishing cavity.

[0009] The arc extinguishing chamber is a first arc extinguishing chamber or a second arc extinguishing chamber, and the first arc extinguishing chamber and the second arc extinguishing chamber have the same structure; the static contact is a first static contact or a second static contact, and the first static contact and the second static contact have the same structure.

[0010] One end of the first arc-striking angle contacts the opening position of the first contact portion of the moving contact, and the other end is parallel to the metal grid of the first arc-extinguishing chamber; one end of the second arc-striking angle contacts the first static contact, and the other end is parallel to the metal grid of the first arc-extinguishing chamber.

[0011] The first arc-extinguishing cavity and the second arc-extinguishing cavity are both in a "}" shape.

[0012] A portion of the overlapping portion between the first insulating arc-isolating cover, the first permanent magnet and the first magnetic conductor is arranged above the first contact portion gate position of the moving contact, and a portion of the overlapping portion between the second insulating arc-isolating cover, the second magnetic conductor and the second permanent magnet is arranged below the contact portion between the first stationary contact and the first contact portion of the moving contact.

[0013] The polarities of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet facing the moving contact are both N poles.

[0014] The sides between the shell and the magnetic system component are respectively provided with a grid-shaped structure which is integrally injection-molded with the shell.

[0015] The two symmetrical sides of the shell are in step shape.

[0016] A rotary switch comprises a plurality of stacked multi-grid switch units.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] The utility model utilizes a magnetic system component and a multi-grid arc extinguishing chamber design to increase the arc extinguishing chamber space and the number of metal grids within the limited volume of a switch unit as much as possible. At the same time, in order to solve the problem of the arc being stretched as long as possible and entering the arc extinguishing grid, a structure in which a magnetic conductor, a permanent magnet and an arc-starting portion cooperate is utilized to generate an electromagnetic force that drives the arc to move toward the arc extinguishing chamber. Corresponding permanent magnets are respectively arranged according to different current directions. In a limited space, permanent magnets are utilized to drive direct currents to enter different arc extinguishing cavities respectively, and then the direct currents are introduced into the same arc extinguishing chamber for arc extinguishing, thereby realizing non-polarity breaking of the direct current arc. Furthermore, the arc voltage is significantly improved through the cooling and cutting effects of the metal grids on the arc, thereby solving the problem of increasing the voltage level of the arc breaking of the switch unit under the premise of keeping the volume size of the switch unit unchanged, thereby promoting the improvement of the comprehensive performance of the rotary switch, the reduction of the structure and the reduction of the cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the utility model, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiment:

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the multi-grid switch unit of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the multi-grid switch unit of the utility model excluding the housing;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a first magnetic system component of a multi-grid switch unit of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the first magnetic system component of the multi-grid switch unit of the utility model;

[0024] In the figure, 1, shell; 2, first static contact assembly; 3, second static contact assembly; 4, moving contact; 5, moving contact bracket; 6, first arc extinguishing chamber; 7, second arc extinguishing chamber; 8, first magnetic system assembly; 9, second magnetic system assembly; 12, grid structure; 41, first contact portion; 42, second contact portion; 811, first permanent magnet; 812, second permanent magnet; 821, first magnetic conductor; 822, second magnetic conductor; 831, first insulating arc-isolating cover; 832, second insulating arc-isolating cover; 833, third insulating arc-isolating cover; 841, first arc-striking angle; 842, second arc-striking angle; 85, third arc-striking angle; 851, upper arc-striking portion; 852, lower arc-striking portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. It should be noted that when a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to another component, or there may be several components at the same time. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this article have the same meaning as those generally understood by technicians in the technical field of the utility model. It should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection between the two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances. The terms used in the specification of the utility model herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the utility model.

[0026] It should also be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a multi-grid switch unit includes a housing 1, a first static contact assembly 2, a second static contact assembly 3, a moving contact 4, a moving contact support 5, a first arc extinguishing chamber 6, a second arc extinguishing chamber 7, a first magnetic system assembly 8, and a second magnetic system assembly 9;

[0028] A first static contact 2 and a second static contact 3 are respectively arranged at a set of diagonal positions of the housing 1; a moving contact bracket 5 is arranged at a central position in the housing 1, and the moving contact bracket 5 makes a rotational motion relative to the housing 1, and a moving contact 4 is mounted on the moving contact bracket 5, and the moving contact bracket 5 drives the moving contact 4 to rotate, and the moving contact 4 realizes the contact and separation action of the first contact portion 41 of the moving contact 4 and the first static contact 2 through the rotational motion; and the contact and separation action of the second contact portion 42 of the moving contact 4 and the second static contact 3; when the moving contact 4 rotates, a first magnetic system component 8 is arranged in a fan-shaped extension area formed by the first contact portion 41 of the moving contact and the first static contact 2, and a second magnetic system component 9 is arranged in a fan-shaped extension area formed by the second contact portion 42 and the second static contact 3, and the structures of the first magnetic system component 8 and the second magnetic system component 9 are the same;

[0029] A first arc extinguishing chamber 6 is arranged between the shell and the side of the first magnetic system component 8 away from the rotation center of the moving contact 4; a second arc extinguishing chamber 7 is arranged between the shell and the side of the second magnetic system component 9 away from the rotation center of the moving contact 4; the first arc extinguishing chamber 6 and the second arc extinguishing chamber 7 have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged in the shell 1, and the first arc extinguishing chamber 6 and the second arc extinguishing chamber 7 both include a plurality of metal grids spaced apart from each other.

[0030] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first magnetic system component 8 includes a first permanent magnet 811, a second permanent magnet 812, a first magnetic conductor 821, a second magnetic conductor 822, a first insulating arc shield 831, a second insulating arc shield 832, a third insulating arc shield 833, a first arc striking angle 841, a second arc striking angle 842, and a third arc striking angle 85. The specific connection relationship of the above components is as follows:

[0031] The first permanent magnet 811 is sequentially contacted with the first magnetic conductor 821, the first insulating arc shield 831, the third arc striking angle 85, the second insulating arc shield 832, the second magnetic conductor 822 and the second permanent magnet 812;

[0032] The first permanent magnet 811 and the second permanent magnet 812 have the same appearance and are both in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped. The first magnet 821 and the second magnet 822 have the same appearance. The first insulating arc-isolating cover 831 and the second insulating arc-isolating cover 832 have the same appearance. The first permanent magnet 811 and the second permanent magnet 812, the first magnet 821 and the second magnet 822, the first insulating arc-isolating cover 831 and the second insulating arc-isolating cover 832, the three groups of structures are rotationally symmetrical around the third arc-starting angle 85.

[0033] A portion of the overlapping portion of the first insulating arc-isolating cover 831, the first permanent magnet 811 and the first magnetic conductor 821 is arranged above the opening position of the first contact portion 41 of the moving contact 4, and a portion of the overlapping portion of the second insulating arc-isolating cover 832, the second magnetic conductor 822 and the second permanent magnet 812 is arranged below the contact portion between the first stationary contact 2 and the first contact portion 41 of the moving contact 4. The first permanent magnet 811 and the second permanent magnet 812 have the same polarity toward the moving contact 4, both of which are N poles.

[0034] The third arc-striking angle 85 comprises an upper arc-striking portion 851 and a lower arc-striking portion 852, the upper arc-striking portion 851 and the lower arc-striking portion 852 are arranged at the upper and lower sides of the third arc-striking angle 85, and the top view of the third arc-striking angle 85 is in the shape of a Chinese character "}", a third insulating arc-isolating cover 833 is arranged between the upper arc-striking portion 851 and the lower arc-striking portion 852, and the parts between the upper arc-striking portion 851 and the lower arc-striking portion 852 except the connection position are insulated and isolated; a first arc-striking cover 833 is arranged on one side between the first insulating arc-isolating cover 831 and the third insulating arc-isolating cover 833 Angle 841; the upper arc-striking portion 851, the first arc-striking angle 841, the first insulating arc-isolating cover 831 and the third insulating arc-isolating cover 833 constitute a first arc-extinguishing cavity; a second arc-striking angle 842 is arranged on one side between the second insulating arc-isolating cover 832 and the third insulating arc-isolating cover 833, and the lower arc-striking portion 852, the second arc-striking angle 842, the third insulating arc-isolating cover 833 and the second insulating arc-isolating cover 832 constitute a second arc-extinguishing cavity; the first arc-extinguishing cavity and the second arc-extinguishing cavity are both in an "}" shape, and are symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the third insulating arc-isolating cover 833.

[0035] One end of the first arc-striking angle 841 contacts the opening position of the first contact portion 841 of the moving contact 4, and the other end is parallel to the metal grid of the first arc-extinguishing chamber 6; one end of the second arc-striking angle 842 contacts the first static contact 2, and the other end is parallel to the metal grid of the first arc-extinguishing chamber 6.

[0036] The housing 1 is provided with a grid structure 12 formed by injection molding integrally with the housing 1 on the right side of the first magnetic system component 8 and the second magnetic system component 9. The two sides of the housing 1 are stepped, and the upper layer of the stepped shape is provided with two protrusions, and the lower layer is hollowed out at the corresponding places of the protrusions, which are used for clamping and limiting when stacked.

[0037] A rotary switch comprises a plurality of stacked multi-grid switch units.

[0038] The arc extinguishing principle of the rotary switch of the utility model: the polarity of the first permanent magnet 811 and the second permanent magnet 812 toward the moving contact 4 is N. When the current flows from the first static contact 2 to the first contact portion 41 of the moving contact 4, the arc is pressed into the second arc extinguishing cavity under the action of the second permanent magnet 812; when the current flows from the first contact portion 41 of the moving contact 4 to the first static contact 2, the arc is pressed into the first arc extinguishing cavity under the action of the first permanent magnet 811, thereby realizing the stepless breaking of the DC arc. By arranging permanent magnets on both sides of the moving contact and the static contact respectively, the magnetic field strength is enhanced, and according to the polarity direction of the permanent magnet, the DC arcs generated by different current directions can be effectively pressed into the magnetic system components, and then introduced into the arc extinguishing chamber for arc extinguishing, so as to solve the problem of increasing the voltage level of the switch unit breaking arc under the premise of keeping the volume size of the switch unit unchanged.

[0039] The first magnetic system component 8 and the second magnetic system component 9 have the same structure and the same arc extinguishing principle. The first magnetic system component 8 and the second magnetic system component 9 are symmetrically arranged in the housing 1 .

[0040] To sum up, the multi-grid switch unit and rotary switch provided by the utility model effectively increase the arc extinguishing chamber space and the number of metal grids within the limited volume of the switch unit, and solve the problem of non-polarity driven arc entering the arc extinguishing chamber, which can significantly increase the arc voltage, is beneficial to the improvement of the arc breaking voltage level of the switch unit, as well as the improvement of the comprehensive performance of the rotary switch, the reduction of the structural size, and the reduction of the cost.

[0041] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field can still modify or replace the specific implementation methods of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent replacements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention to be approved.

Claims

1. A multi-gate switch unit, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing (1), wherein static contacts are arranged at a set of diagonal positions of the housing (1); a moving contact bracket (5) is arranged at a central position in the housing (1), a moving contact (4) is arranged on the moving contact bracket (5), the moving contact bracket (5) drives the moving contact (4) to rotate, and the moving contact (4) realizes contact and separation with two static contacts through rotation; when the moving contact (4) rotates, a magnetic system component is arranged in a fan-shaped extension area formed by the moving contact (4) and the two static contacts, and an arc extinguishing chamber is arranged between a side of the magnetic system component away from the moving contact (4) and the housing (1), and the arc extinguishing chamber comprises a plurality of metal grids spaced apart from each other; The magnetic system component is a first magnetic system component (8) or a second magnetic system component (9), and the two have the same structure; the first magnetic system component (8) comprises a first permanent magnet (811), and a first magnetic conductor (821), a first insulating arc shield (831), a third arc striking angle (85), a second insulating arc shield (832), a second magnetic conductor (822) and a second permanent magnet (812) are sequentially arranged below the first permanent magnet (811); the first permanent magnet (811) and the second permanent magnet (812), the first magnetic conductor (821) and the second magnetic conductor (822), the first insulating arc shield (831) and the second insulating arc shield (832) are all rotationally symmetrical around the third arc striking angle (85); The third arc-striking angle (85) is in the shape of a letter "}", and comprises an upper arc-striking portion (851) and a lower arc-striking portion (852); a third insulating arc-isolating cover (833) is provided between the upper arc-striking portion (851) and the lower arc-striking portion (852); a first arc-striking angle (841) is provided between the first insulating arc-isolating cover (831) and the third insulating arc-isolating cover (833); the upper arc-striking portion (851), the first arc-striking angle (841), the first insulating arc-isolating cover (831) and the third insulating arc-isolating cover (833) form a first arc-extinguishing cavity; a second arc-striking angle (842) is provided between the second insulating arc-isolating cover (832) and the third insulating arc-isolating cover (833); the lower arc-striking portion (852), the second arc-striking angle (842), the third insulating arc-isolating cover (833) and the second insulating arc-isolating cover (832) form a second arc-extinguishing cavity.

2. A multi-grid switch unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc extinguishing chamber is a first arc extinguishing chamber (6) or a second arc extinguishing chamber (7), and the first arc extinguishing chamber (6) and the second arc extinguishing chamber (7) have the same structure; the stationary contact is a first stationary contact (2) or a second stationary contact (3), and the first stationary contact (2) and the second stationary contact (3) have the same structure.

3. A multi-grid switch unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the first arc-striking angle (841) contacts the opening position of the first contact portion (41) of the moving contact (4), and the other end is parallel to the metal grid of the first arc-extinguishing chamber (6); one end of the second arc-striking angle (842) contacts the first stationary contact (2), and the other end is parallel to the metal grid of the first arc-extinguishing chamber (6).

4. The multi-grid switch unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first arc-extinguishing cavity and the second arc-extinguishing cavity are both in a "}" shape.

5. The multi-grid switch unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A portion of the overlapping portion of the first insulating arc-isolating cover (831) with the first permanent magnet (811) and the first magnetic conductor (821) is arranged above the opening position of the first contact portion (41) of the moving contact (4), and a portion of the overlapping portion of the second insulating arc-isolating cover (832) with the second magnetic conductor (822) and the second permanent magnet (812) is arranged below the contact portion between the first stationary contact (2) and the first contact portion (41) of the moving contact (4).

6. The multi-grid switch unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polarities of the first permanent magnet (811) and the second permanent magnet (812) facing the moving contact (4) are both N poles.

7. The multi-grid switch unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A grid-like structure (12) formed by integral injection molding with the housing (1) is respectively arranged on the side between the housing (1) and the magnetic system component.

8. The multi-grid switch unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two symmetrical sides of the shell (1) are in a step shape.

9. A rotary switch, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of stacked multi-gate switch units according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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