Explosion-proof battery

Abstract

The utility model discloses an explosion-proof battery which comprises a battery shell, a battery cover and a battery cover, wherein the battery shell is provided with two battery electrodes with different polarities; the battery cell is accommodated in the battery shell, two battery tabs with different polarities are led out from the battery cell, the two battery tabs are respectively connected with the two battery electrodes, and a connection point is formed at the connection part; the memory metal piece is arranged between the battery tab and the battery electrode and is provided with a deformation end, and the deformation end is adjacent to the connecting point; the battery tab is arranged in the deformation range of the memory metal piece; when the deformation end deforms, the deformation end deforms along a fixed direction, and the deformation direction of the deformation end faces the battery tab. The utility model can prevent the reaction in the battery from continuing so as to prevent the battery from thermal runaway, fire and explosion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to an explosion-proof battery. Background Art

[0002] With the development of society, lithium batteries have been applied to all walks of life and have become an indispensable item in people's daily lives. Battery safety has always been a matter of great concern to people. When the battery is overcharged or short-circuited, the internal temperature of the battery rises sharply. When the critical temperature is reached, the battery may catch fire and explode, causing casualties and property losses. Therefore, improving battery safety performance is a very important direction. In particular, when the battery short circuit causes internal temperature rise, it is necessary to improve how to terminate the internal reaction of the battery to prevent the battery from catching fire and exploding. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art and provide an explosion-proof battery, which disconnects the battery tab from the battery electrode by thermal deformation of the memory metal part, so that the battery will not overheat and run away, and can avoid fire and explosion.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides an explosion-proof battery, comprising:

[0005] A battery housing, wherein the battery housing is provided with two battery electrodes with different polarities;

[0006] A battery cell, the battery cell is accommodated in a battery housing, the battery cell leads to two battery tabs of different polarities, the two battery tabs are respectively connected to the two battery electrodes, and a connection point is formed at the connection;

[0007] A memory metal part is arranged between the battery lug and the battery electrode, and the memory metal part is provided with a deformation end, and the deformation end is adjacent to the connection point, so that the battery lug is placed within the deformation range of the memory metal part, and the deformation end is deformed along a fixed direction when deformed, and the deformation direction of the deformation end is toward the battery lug. The battery lug is disconnected from the battery electrode by the thermal deformation of the memory metal part, and the battery will not overheat and run away, and will not catch fire or explode, and the insulating part can always isolate the memory metal part to ensure that the memory metal part and the connecting piece are always in an isolated state. Furthermore, the spacing between the deformation end and the connection point is 0-3mm. The setting of the spacing can better ensure that the battery lug and the battery electrode can be accurately disconnected when the memory metal part is deformed.

[0008] Furthermore, the initial state of the deformation end is a straight state or a curved state, so that the memory metal piece can adapt to batteries of different structures and has better practicality.

[0009] Furthermore, the battery housing includes a bottom shell, and a top cover is welded to the top of the bottom shell;

[0010] A battery terminal disposed on the top cover or the bottom shell;

[0011] An insulating layer disposed between the battery pole and the top cover or bottom shell.

[0012] Furthermore, the deformation bending angle of the deformation end is 45°-90°.

[0013] Furthermore, the battery housing includes a bottom shell, and the bottom shell is insulated and connected to a top cover.

[0014] Furthermore, the deformation temperature of the deformation end is 90° C.-130° C. Control of the deformation temperature can directly and early disconnect the circuit to prevent the temperature from exceeding the critical point of battery explosion.

[0015] Furthermore, the memory metal piece also includes a fixed end, and the fixed end is fixedly connected to the bottom shell or the top cover.

[0016] Furthermore, the insulating member is made of plastic material or other materials with equivalent effects, so that the insulating member can better insulate and separate the memory metal member from the battery tab.

[0017] Furthermore, the memory metal part also includes a fixed end, and the fixed end is fixedly connected to the battery pole.

[0018] Furthermore, the length of the fixed end accounts for 10%-70% of the total length of the memory metal part, and the length of the fixed end accounts for 30% of the total length of the memory metal part. The length limitation can make the deformation force of the deformation end act on the battery ear to achieve the best effect when it is deformed, and can also ensure the disconnection between the battery ear and the battery electrode when heating.

[0019] Furthermore, a through hole is formed at the deformation end, a boss is provided on the battery pole ear, and the boss passes through the through hole and is connected to the battery pole or the bottom shell, so that the memory metal piece can adapt to batteries of different structures and has better practicality.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has a memory metal piece arranged between the battery tab and the battery electrode. When the battery is overcharged or short-circuited, the temperature inside the battery rises, and the memory metal piece begins to deform when it reaches a certain temperature. The stress of the deformation of the memory metal piece presses the battery tab to move downward, thereby causing the connection point to fall off, disconnecting the battery tab from the battery electrode, and preventing the continuation of the internal reaction of the battery, thereby preventing the battery from thermal runaway, fire and explosion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an explosion-proof battery provided in Example 1 of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the state of the memory metal part after deformation;

[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Another state view of the memory metal part after deformation;

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of Example 2;

[0026] Figure 5 is another structural schematic diagram of Example 2;

[0027] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of Example 3;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of an explosion-proof battery provided in Example 4 of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the state of the memory metal part after deformation;

[0030] Fig. 9 yes Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the assembly of the top cover, the first pole ear and the memory metal piece from another perspective;

[0031] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an explosion-proof battery provided in Example 5 of the present utility model;

[0032] Fig.11 yes Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the state of the memory metal part after deformation;

[0033] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the memory metal part of Example 3.

[0034] Included in the figure are:

[0035] 1. Battery shell; 11. Battery cell; 2. Bottom shell; 21. Battery pole; 22. Top cover; 23. Insulating layer; 4. Battery ear; 41. Connection point; 42. Boss; 43. First ear; 44. Second ear; 5. Memory metal part; 51. Fixed end; 52. Deformation end; 521. Through hole; 6. Insulating part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in this embodiment of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solution in this embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is one embodiment of the utility model, not all embodiments of the utility model. Based on this embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments of the utility model obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0037] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0038] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] See also Figure 1-3

[0041] In this embodiment, the battery housing 1 includes a bottom shell 2, a top cover 22 is welded to the top of the bottom shell 2; a battery pole 21 is arranged on the top cover 22; an insulating layer 23 is arranged between the battery pole 21 and the top cover 22 or the bottom shell 2, and the insulating layer 23 is formed by insulating glue;

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the battery pole 21 is located inside the accommodating cavity formed by the top cover 22 and the bottom shell 2, the battery cell 11 is accommodated in the accommodating cavity, an opening for installing the battery pole 21 is opened on the top cover 22, a protrusion is formed on the battery pole 21, and the protrusion is penetrated in the opening; in this embodiment, the battery pole ear 4 includes a first pole ear 43 and a second pole ear 44, in this embodiment, the second pole ear 44 is respectively connected to the bottom shell 2 and the battery cell 11, and the first pole ear 43 is respectively connected to the battery pole 21 and the battery cell 11, at this time, the battery pole 21 and the bottom shell 2 are respectively used as electrodes with different polarities.

[0043] In this embodiment, the battery cell 11 may be a wound battery cell or a laminated battery cell.

[0044] The memory metal part 5 is provided with a fixed end 51 and a deformation end 52. In the present embodiment, the initial state of the deformation end 52 is a straight state. The fixed end 51 of the present embodiment is welded to the battery pole 21. It should be noted that when the battery pole 21 is located outside the top cover 22, the fixed end 51 is welded to the top cover 22 (not shown in the figure).

[0045] The deformation end 52 is suspended between the first pole ear 43 and the battery pole 21, and the connection point 41 is formed at the connection between the first pole ear 43 and the battery pole 21, so that the first pole ear 43 is placed within the deformation range of the memory metal part 5, and the deformation end 52 is close to the connection point 41. Specifically, the distance between the deformation end 52 and the connection point 41 is 0-3mm, that is, the end of the deformation end 52 can directly abut against the connection point 41, and can also be suspended outside the connection point 41. As long as the distance between the connection point 41 and the deformation end 52 is controlled within 3mm, it can ensure that the first pole ear 43 can be accurately interrupted when the memory metal part 5 is deformed, so that the first pole ear 43 and the battery pole 21 are disconnected. When the deformation end 52 is heated, it deforms along a fixed direction and the deformation direction of the deformation end 52 is toward the first pole ear 43. Figure 2 As shown, in this example, when the deformation end 52 is heated to the deformation temperature, it will bend downward quickly, and its bending angle is set between 30°-180°. Since the first pole ear 43 is set within the deformation range of the deformation end 52, the deformation end 52 will bend against the first pole ear 43 when it is bent to a certain angle. As the battery temperature increases, the deformation end 52 will continue to deform downward. When the deformation end 52 reaches the maximum bending angle, the following two situations may occur: one, as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the connection point 41 of the first pole ear 43 can be loosened by the force of deformation, so that the first pole ear 43 is completely separated from the battery pole 21; second, as shown in the figure Figure 3 As shown, the deformed end 52 directly interrupts the first pole ear 43 and also realizes the disconnection of the positive pole. In both cases, the first pole ear 43 and the battery pole 21 can be completely disconnected. It should be noted that the bending angle of the deformed end 52 can be preset according to actual conditions. For example, the bending angle of the present embodiment is set to 45°. The bending angle of the deformed end 52 can also be set according to comprehensive factors such as the position of the first pole ear 43 or the distance from the electrode, which can be 30°, 40°, 50°, 60°, 70°, 90° or 120°, etc., as long as it is controlled between 30°-180°.

[0046] In addition, in order to ensure that the first pole ear 43 is disconnected from the battery pole 21 before the critical temperature of the battery explosion, the deformation temperature of the deformation end 52 in this embodiment can be in the range of 90°C-130°C, that is, the deformation temperature can be 90°C, 100°C, 110, 115°C, 120°C or 130°C, and can be specifically adjusted according to the critical temperature of the battery, and it only needs to ensure that it reaches the critical temperature of the battery fire and explosion.

[0047] In particular, in the present embodiment, the length of the fixed end 51 accounts for 30% of the total length of the memory metal part 5, that is, the length ratio of the fixed end 51 to the deformation end 52 in a straight state is 3:7. The deformation reach of the deformation end 52 is controlled by length to ensure that the deformation process of the deformation end 52 can abut against the first pole ear 43, and then the connection point 41 is destroyed and loosened through the deformation stress. Of course, the length proportion of the fixed end 51 can be adjusted according to the actual structure, and it is generally better to control it within 10%-70%.

[0048] The insulating member 6 is arranged between the first pole ear 43 and the memory metal member 5. In this embodiment, the insulating member 6 is an insulating tape, or other materials that can achieve the insulation effect. The insulating member 6 can be directly bonded to the surface of the first pole ear 43. It is only necessary to ensure that the insulating member 6 can block the first pole ear 43 and the memory metal member 5 when the deformation end 52 is deformed.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] like Figure 4-5 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that, in this embodiment, the battery housing 1 includes a bottom shell 2 and a top cover 22 welded to the bottom shell 2. In this embodiment, the battery pole 21 and the top cover 22 serve as different electrodes. An insulating layer 23 is provided between the battery pole 21 and the bottom shell 2. An opening for installing the battery pole 21 is provided on the bottom shell 2. The battery pole 21 is provided with a protrusion. The battery pole 21 can be installed inside or outside the bottom shell 2. Specifically:

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, when the battery pole 21 is arranged outside the battery housing 1, its protrusion penetrates the opening and is connected to the first pole ear 43 in the battery housing 1. At this time, the fixed end 51 of the memory metal member 5 can be directly welded to the inner wall of the battery housing 1;

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown, when the battery pole 21 is arranged on the inner side of the battery shell 1, the protrusion of the battery pole 21 passes through the opening and is placed outside the battery shell 1, and the body of the battery pole 21 is welded to the first pole ear 43. At this time, the fixed end 51 of the memory metal part 5 can be welded to the inner wall of the battery shell 1, or welded to the battery pole 21.

[0053] An insulating layer 23 is provided between the battery pole 21 and the bottom shell 2 in the above two methods, and other structures are the same as those in Example 1, and the effects of Example 1 are achieved.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] like Figure 6 As shown, the difference from Example 1 is that, in this embodiment, the battery housing 1 includes a top cover 22 and a bottom shell 2, and the top cover 22 and the bottom shell 2 are buckled with each other. The top cover 22 and the bottom shell 2 of this embodiment are respectively used as two electrodes with different polarities, and an insulating layer 23 is provided at the junction of the top cover 22 and the bottom shell 2 to insulate the two. The first pole ear 43 is respectively connected to the top cover 22 and the battery cell 11, and the second pole ear 44 is respectively connected to the bottom shell 2 and the battery cell 11; in this embodiment, the fixed end 51 of the memory metal part 5 can be fixed on the top cover 22 or the bottom shell 2, so that it can be used in conjunction with different electrodes to achieve protection of different electrodes. The specific settings can be made according to actual conditions. The rest are the same as Example 1, and the effect of Example 1 is also achieved.

[0056] Example 4

[0057] See also Figures 7 to 9 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1, 2 or 3 is that the initial state of the deformation end 52 of the memory metal member 5 is a bent state. The fixed end 51 of this embodiment is welded to the battery pole 21, and the deformation end 52 is placed between the battery pole 21 and the first pole ear 43. The deformation end 52 is arranged perpendicular to the first pole ear 43, and its deformation direction is toward the connection point 41. The initial state of the deformation end 52 of this embodiment is a bent state, and it will quickly deform back to a straight state when heated. Therefore, when heated, Figure 7 As shown (for ease of understanding, only a portion of the first pole ear 43 in the figure is shown), the deformed end 52 will deform and quickly sweep toward the connection point 41, and all the connection points 41 are directly separated from the top cover 22 under the deformation stress of the deformed end 52. In addition, the initial state of the deformed end 52 of the memory metal member 5 of this embodiment is a bent state, which can also be applied to the above-mentioned embodiments 1-3, and the other structures are the same as those of embodiments 1, 2 or 3, and can also achieve the effects of embodiments 1, 2 or 3.

[0058] Example 5

[0059] See also Figures 10 to 12, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 is that: the deformation end 52 has a through hole 521, the first pole ear 43 is provided with a boss 42, the boss 42 passes through the through hole 521 and is welded to the battery pole 21 to form a connection point 41, the memory metal part 5 in this embodiment is annular, and its shape can be set according to actual conditions, the deformation direction of the deformation end 52 in this embodiment is toward the first pole ear 43 body, when the deformation end 52 is heated and deformed, the deformation end 52 will be concave downward, the first pole ear 43 is pushed out, and then the connection point 41 is detached. The structure of the pole ear and the memory metal part 5 of this embodiment can also be directly applied to the above-mentioned embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 according to actual needs, and the other structures are the same as the structure of embodiment 1, and the effect can also achieve the effect of embodiment 1 or 2 or 3.

[0060] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof battery, characterized in that: include: A battery housing (1), wherein the battery housing (1) is provided with two battery electrodes with different polarities; A battery cell (11), the battery cell (11) being accommodated in a battery housing (1), the battery cell (11) leading out two battery pole tabs (4) of different polarities, the two battery pole tabs (4) being connected to two battery electrodes respectively, and forming a connection point (41) at the connection point; A memory metal piece (5) disposed between the battery tab (4) and the battery electrode, the memory metal piece (5) being provided with a deformation end (52), the deformation end (52) being adjacent to the connection point (41), so that the battery tab (4) is placed within the deformation range of the memory metal piece (5), and the deformation end (52) deforms along a fixed direction when deforming, and the deformation direction of the deformation end (52) is toward the battery tab (4); An insulating member (6), wherein the insulating member (6) is arranged between the battery tab (4) and the memory metal member (5).

2. An explosion-proof battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the deformation end (52) and the connection point (41) is 0-3 mm.

3. An explosion-proof battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The initial state of the deformation end (52) is a straight state or a bent state.

4. An explosion-proof battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The deformation bending angle of the deformation end (52) is 30°-180°.

5. An explosion-proof battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery housing (1) comprises a bottom shell (2), and a top cover (22) is welded to the top end of the bottom shell (2); A battery pole (21) disposed on the top cover (22) or the bottom shell (2); An insulating layer (23) is arranged between the battery pole (21) and the top cover (22) or the bottom shell (2).

6. An explosion-proof battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery housing (1) comprises a bottom shell (2), and the bottom shell (2) is insulated and connected to a top cover (22).

7. An explosion-proof battery according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The memory metal piece (5) further comprises a fixed end (51), wherein the fixed end (51) is fixedly connected to the bottom shell (2) or the top cover (22).

8. An explosion-proof battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The memory metal piece (5) further comprises a fixed end (51), wherein the fixed end (51) is fixedly connected to the battery pole (21).

9. An explosion-proof battery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The length of the fixed end (51) accounts for 10%-70% of the total length of the memory metal piece (5), and the length of the fixed end (51) accounts for 30% of the total length of the memory metal piece (5).

10. An explosion-proof battery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The deformable end (52) is provided with a through hole (521), the battery pole ear (4) is provided with a boss (42), and the boss (42) passes through the through hole (521) and is connected to the battery pole (21) or the bottom shell (2).

Images