Hydraulic fracturing drill hole arrangement structure
By laying preset angles of hydraulic fracturing drills at the end of the coal mine working face and adopting a backward segmented fracturing process, the problem of the top plate not easy to collapse in coal mine mining is solved, and the timely collapse of the top plate and the timely collapse of the top plate is achieved. Safety of work face retrieval.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421264146.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-04
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-07
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
During coal mining, the top plates of the two ends near the working face are not likely to collapse, resulting in a large area of the end overhang. Sudden collapse may result in hurricanes, affecting the recovery safety of the working face.
Using a hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure, the first drilling hole and the second drilling hole are arranged at the end of the working face, respectively extending along the groove top plate along the working face and passing through the end top plate to the working face eyelid at a preset angle. In the area, the regressive segmented fracturing process is adopted to weaken the hard and stable rock layer layer and promote the roof plate to collapse in time.
By weakening the rock formations and roof slabs, preventing large-area overhangs, ensuring the safety of the working surface recovery and avoiding damage to hurricanes and support equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN222436344U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure. Background Art
[0002] During coal mining, when there is a thick layer of hard and stable rock strata on the roof of the coal seam, due to the high strength and elastic modulus of the roof rock, the undeveloped joints and fissures, the large thickness, the strong integrity and the strong self-stabilization ability, a large area of the working face is exposed in the goaf after the initial mining and is difficult to collapse in a short period of time. If it is not dealt with, when the working face advances to a certain distance, the area of collapse will be large at one time, which is prone to hurricanes, often causing damage to support equipment, endangering personal safety and other serious accidents.
[0003] At present, the use of hydraulic fracturing technology can effectively solve the problem of large-area roof hanging when the working face is initially cut.
[0004] However, it was found in production practice that the roof in the middle of the working face is easy to collapse during the initial mining, while the roof near the two ends of the working face is not easy to collapse. The roof area at the ends is large, and sudden collapse will also produce hurricanes, affecting the safety of mining on the working face. Utility Model Content
[0005] The utility model provides a hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure, which is used to solve the defect in the prior art that the top plates near the two ends of the working face are not easy to collapse, affecting the safety of the working face mining. It can weaken the hard and stable rock strata in layers, and can cut off the coal wall along the working face slot during mining, so as to prevent the generation of a large area of hanging roof and ensure the mining safety of the working face.
[0006] The utility model provides a hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure, wherein working face drifts arranged along the direction of the coal seam are arranged on opposite sides of the mining working face, and the head ends of the two working face drifts are connected through the working face cut-hole; the hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure comprises:
[0007] A first drill hole, the opening point of which is located on the top plate of the working surface slot, and extends along the top plate of the working surface slot to the top plate of the working surface cutting area at a first preset angle; the first preset angle is the angle between the first drill hole and the direction of the working surface slot;
[0008] The second drill hole, the opening point is located on the top plate of the working surface groove, and extends through the top plate of the working surface end head to the top plate of the working surface cutting area at a second preset angle; the second preset angle is the angle between the second drill hole and the direction of the working surface groove.
[0009] According to a hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure provided by the utility model, the first preset angle is 5° to 10°.
[0010] According to a hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure provided by the utility model, the elevation angle of the first drilling hole is 20° to 30°.
[0011] According to a hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure provided by the utility model, the length of the first drilling hole is 40m.
[0012] According to a hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure provided by the utility model, the opening point of the first borehole is 1 to 2 meters away from the coal pillar of the working face drift, and the coal pillar is the side wall of the working face drift away from the coal seam.
[0013] According to a hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure provided by the utility model, the second preset angle is 20° to 30°.
[0014] According to a hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure provided by the utility model, the elevation angle of the second drilling hole is 20° to 30°.
[0015] According to a hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure provided by the utility model, the length of the second drilling hole is 40m.
[0016] According to a hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure provided by the utility model, the opening point of the second borehole is 1 to 2 meters away from the coal pillar of the working face drift, and the coal pillar is the side wall of the working face drift away from the coal seam.
[0017] According to a hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure provided by the utility model, the opening point of the first drilling hole is 8 to 10 meters away from the opening point of the second drilling hole.
[0018] The hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure provided by the utility model adopts a conventional hydraulic fracturing arrangement, and then arranges a first borehole and a second borehole at the end of the working face, wherein the first borehole extends along the roof of the working face slot to the roof of the working face cutting area at a first preset angle, so as to weaken the cantilever directly on the upper part of the coal pillar of the working face slot after the working face cutting and mining, and the second borehole extends through the top plate of the working face end head to the roof of the working face cutting area at a second preset angle, so as to weaken the top plate of the working face end head, and adopts a backward staged fracturing process to fracture the borehole, so that the hard and stable rock formations are weakened in layers, and can be cut down along the coal wall of the working face slot when the working face is mined, thereby prompting the roof of the triangular area near the working face cutting to collapse in time and fully, preventing the generation of a large area of hanging roof, and ensuring the mining safety of the working face. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.
[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure provided by an embodiment of the utility model.
[0021] Reference numerals:
[0022] 1. Coal seam; 2. Working face drift; 3. Working face cut; 4. Coal pillar; 5. First drill hole; 6. Second drill hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the technical solution of the utility model will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the drawings in the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0024] In order to facilitate understanding of the hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure provided by the utility model, its application background is first explained. In the coal mining process, if a large area of roof rock is suspended and cannot collapse in time after the initial mining of the working face, then when the working face is advanced to a certain distance, the area of collapse is large, which is easy to produce a hurricane, causing damage to support equipment, endangering personal safety and other serious accidents.
[0025] At present, the use of hydraulic fracturing technology can effectively solve the problem of large-area roof hanging when the working face is initially cut.
[0026] However, it was found in actual production practice that the roof in the middle of the working face is easy to collapse during the initial mining, while the roof near the two ends of the working face is not easy to collapse. The roof area at the ends is large, and sudden collapse will also produce hurricanes, affecting the safety of mining on the working face.
[0027] Based on the above problems and findings, the utility model provides a hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure, which can weaken the hard and stable rock strata in layers, and can cut off the coal wall along the working face during mining, preventing the generation of large areas of hanging roof and ensuring mining safety.
[0028] Combine the following Figure 1 The utility model is described in detail.
[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the mining working face is arranged along the direction of the coal seam 1, and working face drifts 2 arranged along the direction of the coal seam 1 are arranged on the opposite sides of the mining working face. The head ends of the two working face drifts 2 are connected through the working face cutting eye 3, and the end of the mining working face close to the working face cutting eye 3 is the end of the working face. Mining starts from the working face cutting eye 3, and the rear is formed as a goaf; one side wall of the working face drift 2 along the width direction is the coal wall of the coal seam 1, and the other side wall is the coal wall of the reserved coal pillar 4. At the intersection of the working face drift 2 and the working face cutting eye 3, the triangular area formed by the coal wall of the working face drift 2 and the coal wall of the working face cutting eye 3 is the end top plate of the working face.
[0030] The hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure includes a first borehole 5 and a second borehole 6; wherein, the opening point of the first borehole 5 is located on the top plate of the working face slot 2, and it extends along the top plate of the working face slot 2 to the top plate of the working face cut-eye 3 area at a first preset angle, and the first preset angle is the angle between the first borehole 5 and the direction of the working face slot 2; the opening point of the second borehole 6 is located on the top plate of the working face slot 2, and it extends through the top plate of the working face end head to the top plate of the working face cut-eye 3 area at a second preset angle, and the second preset angle is the angle between the second borehole 6 and the direction of the working face slot 2.
[0031] In an actual application scenario, after conventional hydraulic fracturing is arranged, a first borehole 5 and a second borehole 6 are arranged at the end of the working face, wherein the first borehole 5 extends at a first preset angle along the roof of the working face slot 2 to the roof of the working face cut 3 area, so as to weaken the cantilever directly on the upper part of the coal pillar of the working face slot 2 after the working face cut 3 is mined, and the second borehole 6 extends at a second preset angle through the top plate of the working face end to the roof of the working face cut 3 area, so as to weaken the top plate of the working face end, and the backward staged fracturing process is used to fracture the boreholes, so that the hard and stable rock formations are weakened in layers, and can be cut off along the coal wall of the working face slot 2 when the working face is mined, thereby prompting the timely and sufficient collapse of the roof of the triangular area near the working face cut 3, preventing the generation of a large area of hanging roof, and ensuring the mining safety of the working face.
[0032] It is understandable that the angle, length and other parameters of the first borehole 5 and the second borehole 6 will be affected by factors such as geological conditions, roof rock composition and hydrogeological conditions. Therefore, the various parameters of the first borehole 5 and the second borehole 6 need to be designed according to the actual construction scenario to ensure effective weakening of the roof in the triangular area near the working face cut 3.
[0033] In a specific embodiment of the utility model, the first preset angle is 5°~10°, so as to ensure that the first drill hole 5 extends along the top plate of the working face chute 2 to the top plate of the working face cutting eye 3 area, thereby weakening the cantilever directly topped by the upper part of the coal pillar of the working face chute 2; the second preset angle is 20°~30°, so as to ensure that the second drill hole 6 passes through the top plate of the working face end, thereby achieving the purpose of weakening the top plate of the working face end.
[0034] In a specific embodiment of the utility model, the elevation angle of the first borehole 5 is generally 20°~30°, and the length is generally about 40m. The elevation angle of the second borehole 6 is generally 20°~30°, and the length is generally about 40m, so as to ensure that the roof of the triangular area 3 near the working face cut eye is fully collapsed.
[0035] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the opening point of the first borehole 5 is 8 to 10 meters away from the opening point of the second borehole 6 .
[0036] In a specific embodiment of the utility model, the opening point of the first borehole 5 and the opening point of the second borehole 6 are 1 to 2 meters away from the coal pillar of the working face chute 2 to ensure that the drilling rig has enough construction space.
[0037] Of course, the first borehole 5 and the second borehole 6 are not limited to the specifications and parameters listed above. According to different construction scenarios, the specifications and parameters of the first borehole 5 and the second borehole 6 can be adaptively adjusted.
[0038] In a practical application scenario, the hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure is constructed using the following steps:
[0039] S1. Collect basic geological data of the working face, including the working face plan, roof rock composition, hydrogeological overview, etc. Use a small-aperture surrounding rock structure peep instrument to peek at the roof and analyze the distribution of hard rock strata on the roof of the mining working face.
[0040] S2. Arrange two types of hydraulic fracturing boreholes. The opening points of the first borehole 5 and the second borehole 6 are both located on the top plate of the working face slot 2. Among them, the opening point of the first borehole 5 is 1 to 2 meters away from the coal pillar of the working face slot 2, and the angle with the direction of the working face slot 2 is generally 5° to 10°. It is drilled in the direction of the working face cut 3, and the elevation angle is generally 20° to 30°, which is used to weaken the cantilever directly on the upper part of the coal pillar of the working face slot 2; the opening point of the second borehole 6 is 1 to 2 meters away from the coal pillar of the working face slot, and the angle with the direction of the working face slot 2 is generally 20° to 30°. It is drilled in the direction of the working face cut 3, and the elevation angle is generally 20° to 30°, which is used to weaken the top plate of the working face end.
[0041] S3. Use the backward staged fracturing process to fracture the borehole. Use a high-pressure water injection pump to inject water into the isolation space to carry out the first fracturing. The pressure holding time is generally 30 minutes. After the first stage of fracturing is completed, retreat the sealer. The retreat distance is generally 3m, and the second fracturing is carried out. Repeat the cycle in sequence to complete the fracturing of the borehole.
[0042] The novelty of the utility model is that after conventional hydraulic fracturing is arranged, a first borehole 5 and a second borehole 6 are arranged at the end of the working face, wherein the first borehole 5 extends at a first preset angle along the roof of the working face slot 2 to the roof of the working face cut eye 3 area, so as to weaken the cantilever directly on the upper part of the coal pillar of the working face slot 2 after the working face cut eye 3 is mined, and the second borehole 6 extends at a second preset angle through the top plate of the working face end to the roof of the working face cut eye 3 area, so as to weaken the top plate of the working face end, and a backward staged fracturing process is adopted to fracture the boreholes, so that the hard and stable rock formations are weakened in layers, and can be cut down along the coal wall of the working face slot 2 when the working face is mined, thereby prompting the timely and sufficient collapse of the roof of the triangular area near the working face cut eye 3, preventing the generation of a large area of hanging roof, and ensuring the mining safety of the working face.
[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the utility model.
Claims
1. A hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure, characterized in that: Working face drifts (2) arranged along the direction of the coal seam (1) are arranged on opposite sides of the mining working face, and the head ends of the two working face drifts (2) are connected through the working face cut-hole (3); the hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure comprises: A first drill hole (5), the opening point of which is located on the top plate of the working surface slot (2), and extends along the top plate of the working surface slot (2) to the top plate of the working surface cut-out (3) area at a first preset angle; the first preset angle is the angle between the first drill hole (5) and the direction of the working surface slot (2); The second drill hole (6) has an opening point located on the top plate of the working surface groove (2), and extends through the top plate of the working surface end head to the top plate of the working surface cutting eye (3) area at a second preset angle; the second preset angle is the angle between the second drill hole (6) and the direction of the working surface groove (2).
2. The hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first preset angle is 5° to 10°.
3. The hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elevation angle of the first borehole (5) is 20° to 30°.
4. The hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The length of the first borehole (5) is 40 m.
5. The hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening point of the first borehole (5) is 1 to 2 m away from the coal pillar of the working face drift (2), and the coal pillar is the side wall of the working face drift (2) away from the coal seam (1).
6. The hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second preset angle is 20° to 30°.
7. The hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The elevation angle of the second borehole (6) is 20° to 30°.
8. The hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The length of the second borehole (6) is 40 m.
9. The hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening point of the second borehole (6) is 1 to 2 m away from the coal pillar of the working face drift (2), and the coal pillar is the side wall of the working face drift (2) away from the coal seam (1).
10. The hydraulic fracturing drilling arrangement structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The opening point of the first borehole (5) is 8 to 10 meters away from the opening point of the second borehole (6).