Double-shaft lithium battery shearing and crushing device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of new energy battery recovery, and particularly discloses a double-shaft lithium battery shearing and crushing device which comprises a shell, a main shaft I and a main shaft II, the main shaft I and the main shaft II are symmetrically arranged in the shell, and the main shaft I and the main shaft II roll towards the middle part to form a double-shaft opposite-rolling mode; a plurality of first knife rests and second knife rests are axially mounted on the first spindle and the second spindle respectively, the first knife rests and the second knife rests which are coplanar in the radial direction are in mirror symmetry, a plurality of movable blades are arranged on the first knife rests and the second knife rests, outer fixed blades are arranged on the two sides of the shell, and inner fixed blades located between the first knife rests and the second knife rests are arranged in the middle of the shell. Screens are arranged below the first knife rest and the second knife rest, the first main shaft is driven by a driving motor to rotate, a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece are arranged on the first main shaft and the second main shaft respectively, and the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are in linkage. According to the scheme, the explosion risk caused by pretreatment folding or multiple times of cutting can be prevented, the working efficiency is high, and the equipment investment cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of new energy battery recycling, and specifically provides a double-axis lithium battery shearing and crushing device. Background Art

[0002] At present, my country has become one of the world's largest new energy vehicle markets. In recent years, the sales volume of electric vehicles has gradually increased. As the service life of batteries, key components of a large number of electric vehicles, gradually expires, the amount of scrapped power batteries is also increasing. According to statistics, the total amount of retired power batteries in my country in 2020 reached about 200,000 tons, and by 2025, this figure is expected to rise to about 780,000 tons.

[0003] In recent years, the rapid development of new energy vehicles has driven the development of lithium iron phosphate power batteries. A blade battery specifically used for power vehicles has appeared on the market. The battery length reaches 1.2 meters. Through structural innovation, the "blade battery" can skip the "module" when grouping, greatly improving the volume utilization rate, and ultimately achieving the design goal of fitting more battery cells in the same space. Compared with traditional battery packs, the volume utilization rate of the "blade battery" has increased by more than 50%, which means that the cruising range can be increased by more than 50%.

[0004] Lithium-ion batteries are composed of a shell, a positive electrode sheet (aluminum foil), a positive electrode powder (containing lithium compounds), a negative electrode sheet (copper foil), a negative electrode powder (graphite), an electrolyte, a diaphragm, etc. Among them, the electrode powder, copper foil, aluminum foil and shell are all worth recycling. Since waste lithium-ion batteries contain fluorine electrolyte, the positive and negative electrodes of the battery will short-circuit during the charged crushing process and the battery will instantly release a large current. If the air is not isolated during the crushing process, the battery will quickly catch fire and burn. Therefore, blade batteries cannot be cut into small pieces for processing at will. The existing blade battery processing method usually requires the battery to be placed in an inert gas-protected crushing bin (the crushing bin is filled with nitrogen) through logistics disassembly methods for rapid shear dissociation, thereby maximizing the separation of the various parts of the lithium battery.

[0005] The existing lithium-ion battery shearing and dissociation methods have the following main problems: 1. Before the battery is sheared, it is necessary to pre-treat the folded battery or cut the battery multiple times, which poses the risk of battery explosion; 2. The existing lithium-ion battery shearing equipment has limited production capacity and low working efficiency. Therefore, designing a lithium battery shearing and crushing device with high production capacity that can solve the problem of rapid shearing and dissociation of large-size batteries without pre-treatment is an urgent problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a double-axis lithium battery shearing and crushing device.

[0007] The utility model provides a double-axis lithium battery shearing and crushing device, comprising a shell and a main shaft 1 and a main shaft 2 symmetrically arranged in the shell, the main shaft 1 and the main shaft 2 roll toward the middle to form a double-axis rolling mode, the main shaft 1 and the main shaft 2 are respectively axially mounted with a plurality of tool holders 1 and 2, the tool holders 1 and 2 coplanar in the radial direction are mirror-symmetrical, and a plurality of movable blades are arranged on the tool holders 1 and 2; outer fixed blades are arranged on both sides of the shell, and an inner fixed blade located between the tool holders 1 and 2 is arranged in the middle of the shell; a screen assembly is arranged below the tool holders 1 and 2; the main shaft 1 is driven to rotate by a driving motor, the main shaft 1 and the main shaft 2 are respectively provided with a connecting piece 1 and a connecting piece 2, the connecting piece 1 and the connecting piece 2 is linked to each other; the shell comprises an upper shell and a lower shell; a bracket top rod is provided on the lower shell, the screen assembly comprises a screen bracket located below the tool holder 1 and the tool holder 2 and an arc-shaped screen arranged on the screen bracket, and the screen bracket is supported by the bracket top rod; a hydraulic station for driving the screen bracket to lift or fall is provided on the outer side of the shell; a mounting plate is provided in the middle of the lower shell, and the inner fixed blade is installed on the upper end of the mounting plate; two independent drop bins located below the tool holder 1 and below the tool holder 2 are formed between the lower shell and the mounting plate; fixed blade pressure plates are respectively provided on the upper end surfaces on both sides of the lower shell, and the fixed blade pressure plates on both sides are respectively located on the outer side of the middle of the tool holder 1 and the tool holder 2, and the outer fixed blade is installed on the fixed blade pressure plate.

[0008] Furthermore, mounting platforms 1 are evenly distributed in a clockwise direction on the circumference of tool holder 1, and mounting platforms 2 are evenly distributed in a counterclockwise direction on the circumference of tool holder 2. Moving blades 1 and 2 are respectively provided on mounting platforms 1 and 2.

[0009] Furthermore, multiple tool holders 1 are axially connected in series on the main shaft 1, and multiple tool holders 2 are axially connected in series on the main shaft 2; a mounting platform 1 on each tool holder 1 on the entire main shaft 1 together forms a V-shaped tool holder group 1, and multiple tool holder groups 1 are formed on the entire main shaft 1; a mounting platform 2 on each tool holder 2 on the entire main shaft 2 together forms a V-shaped tool holder group 2, and multiple tool holder groups 2 are formed on the entire main shaft 2; the tips of the tool holder group 1 and the tool holder group 2 are both facing the middle.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper shell is a conical shell with an inner diameter that gradually decreases from top to bottom, and a matching conical counterattack plate is provided in the upper shell.

[0011] Furthermore, a large pulley is arranged at one end of the main shaft close to the driving motor, a small pulley is arranged at the power output end of the driving motor, and a V-belt is connected between the large pulley and the small pulley; a flywheel is arranged on the main shaft 2 symmetrically with the large pulley.

[0012] Furthermore, front bearing 1 and rear bearing 1 are respectively provided at both ends of main shaft 1, and front bearing 2 and rear bearing 2 are respectively provided at both ends of main shaft 2; front bearing 1 and front bearing 2 are supported by the same front bearing seat, and rear bearing 1 and rear bearing 2 are supported by the same rear bearing seat.

[0013] Furthermore, connecting member 1 is gear 1 connected to the end of main shaft 1 away from the large pulley, connecting member 2 is gear 2 connected to the end of main shaft 2 away from the flywheel, gear 1 and gear 2 are meshed with each other; rear bearing 1 is located between gear 1 and main shaft 1, and rear bearing 2 is located between gear 2 and main shaft 2.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the utility model can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. This solution allows large-size batteries, including 1.2-meter-long blade batteries, to be sheared and crushed without folding or cutting pretreatment. It allows large-size batteries to be quickly sheared and dissociated at one time under inert gas protection, preventing the risk of explosion caused by pretreatment folding or multiple cutting.

[0016] 2. This solution can solve the problem of insufficient production capacity of a single single-shaft crusher in the prior art. The double-shaft crusher in this solution can achieve the processing capacity of two single-shaft crushers, reducing the investment cost and operating cost of the equipment while ensuring the same efficiency.

[0017] 3. In this solution, the feed inlet and the crushing cavity are large, which can quickly shear and dissociate large-size batteries at one time. It is not restricted by the feeding direction of large-size batteries. The crusher can process both ordinary lithium batteries and special batteries and has wide adaptability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a front view structural schematic diagram (cross-sectional view) of a shearing and crushing device provided according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a left-side structural schematic diagram of a shearing and crushing device provided according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the shearing and crushing device provided according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of various connecting components on a main shaft in a shearing and crushing device provided according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0022] The accompanying drawings include: spindle 1, spindle 2, tool holder 1, tool holder 2, outer fixed blade 5, inner fixed blade 6, movable blade 1, movable blade 2, drive motor 9, mounting platform 1, mounting platform 2, tool holder group 1, upper shell 1, lower shell 1, impact plate 15, bracket top rod 16, screen bracket 17, arc screen 18, hydraulic station 19, mounting plate 20, blanking bin 21, fixed blade pressure plate 22, large pulley 23, small pulley 24, V-belt 25, flywheel 26, front bearing seat 27, rear bearing seat 28, gear 1, gear 2, support platform 31, pulley box 32, gear box 33. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following is combined with Figure 1-4 It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the present invention.

[0024] A double-axis lithium battery shearing and crushing device comprises a housing and a main shaft 1 and a main shaft 2 symmetrically arranged in the housing. The main shaft 1 and the main shaft 2 roll toward the middle to form a double-axis rolling mode. Figure 1 The direction of S1 in the middle is clockwise, and the main axis 2 is as shown in Figure 1 As shown in the figure, it rolls in the counterclockwise direction. A plurality of tool holders 1 3 and tool holders 2 4 are respectively installed along the axial direction on the main shaft 1 and the main shaft 2. The tool holders 1 3 and tool holders 2 4 coplanar in the radial direction are mirror-symmetrical. Figure 3 The M direction is shown in the middle, and the radial direction is as Figure 3 As shown in the N direction, a plurality of movable blades are arranged on the tool holder 1 3 and the tool holder 2 4, outer fixed blades 5 are arranged on both sides of the shell, and an inner fixed blade 6 is arranged in the middle of the shell and located between the tool holder 1 3 and the tool holder 2 4. The tool holder 1 3 and the tool holder 2 4 are load-bearing frames for the movable blades, and the movable blades, the outer fixed blades 5 and the inner fixed blades 6 are the executive components for completing the shearing of the materials, and they cut and crush the materials together.

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, mounting platforms 10 are evenly distributed in the clockwise direction on the circumference of tool holder 1 3, mounting platforms 2 11 are evenly distributed in the counterclockwise direction on the circumference of tool holder 2 4, movable blades 1 7 and movable blades 2 8 are respectively provided on mounting platforms 10 and mounting platforms 2 11, multiple tool holders 3 are connected in series on the main shaft 1 along the axial direction, multiple tool holders 2 4 are connected in series on the main shaft 2 along the axial direction, and the tool holders 1 3 and tool holders 2 4 connected in series together can complete the cutting of large materials, and a mounting platform 10 on each tool holder 3 on the entire main shaft 1 together forms a V-shaped tool holder group 12, and multiple tool holder groups 12 are formed on the entire main shaft 1. Figure 4A plurality of V-shaped tool rest groups 12 are shown, and a mounting platform 11 on each tool rest 4 on the entire spindle 2 together forms a V-shaped tool rest group 2. A plurality of tool rest groups 2 are formed on the entire spindle 2. The tips of the tool rest groups 12 and the tool rest groups 2 are both facing the middle, and the tips are as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown in D in the middle.

[0026] In this embodiment, double-axis rolling and mirror-image shearing and crushing are adopted. The material can be dug down by the passive blade 1 7 and the dynamic blade 2 8 at the same time. The outer fixed blade 5 and the inner fixed blade 6 cooperate to crush the material. The material is forced into the cutter disc, and the crushing efficiency is high. At the same time, the tool holder group 12 and the tool holder group 2 are arranged in a V shape. When cutting, the material in the middle is distributed to both sides, which improves the utilization rate of the blades. The V-shaped tool holder group 12 and the tool holder group 2 can also reduce the number of blades participating in the cutting at the same time, reduce the impact load of the main shaft, and make the main shaft evenly stressed. In this embodiment, 60 dynamic blades are arranged on a single shaft, and there are 120 dynamic blades on the double shafts, and the shearing and crushing material capacity is doubled.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the main shaft 1 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 9, a large pulley 23 is provided at one end of the main shaft 1 close to the driving motor 9, a small pulley 24 is provided at the power output end of the driving motor 9, a V-belt 25 is connected between the large pulley 23 and the small pulley 24, the large pulley 23, the small pulley 24 and the V-belt 25 are used to transmit the rotational torque of the driving motor 9 to the main shaft 1, and a flywheel 26 is symmetrically provided on the main shaft 2 with the large pulley 23. The large pulley 23 and the gear 1 29 form an energy storage group of the main shaft 1, and the gear 2 30 and the flywheel 26 form an energy storage group of the main shaft 2, which can ensure the dynamic balance and energy storage function of the main shaft 1 and the main shaft 2 2 on the left and right sides, and provide inertia force for moving knife cutting.

[0028] A front bearing 1 and a rear bearing 1 are respectively disposed at both ends of the main shaft 1, and a front bearing 2 and a rear bearing 2 are respectively disposed at both ends of the main shaft 2. The front bearing 1 and the front bearing 2 are supported by the same front bearing seat 27, and the rear bearing 1 and the rear bearing 2 are supported by the same rear bearing seat 28, thereby ensuring the consistency of the spacing and the moving blade clearance between the main shaft 1 and the main shaft 2 2 and between the moving blade 1 7 and the moving blade 2 8, and preventing the bearing seat from loosening and hitting the blade.

[0029] The kinetic energy of the driving motor 9 is transmitted to the tool holder 1 3 and the tool holder 2 4 through the main shaft 1 to realize the rotational cutting movement of the moving blade 1 7 and the moving blade 2 8. The front bearing seat 27 and the rear bearing seat 28 are used for the rotation of the main shaft 1 and the main shaft 2 to ensure the concentricity of the main shaft 1 and the main shaft 2, and to bear the bending moment transmitted to the main shaft 1 and the main shaft 2 by the tool holder 3 and the tool holder 2 4.

[0030] The main shaft 1 and the main shaft 2 are respectively provided with a connecting piece 1 and a connecting piece 2, and the connecting piece 1 and the connecting piece 2 are linked to each other. The connecting piece 1 is a gear 1 29 connected to the end of the main shaft 1 away from the large pulley 23, and the connecting piece 2 is a gear 2 30 connected to the end of the main shaft 2 2 away from the flywheel 26. The gear 1 29 and the gear 2 30 are meshed with each other, and the rear bearing 1 is located between the gear 1 29 and the main shaft 1, and the rear bearing 2 is located between the gear 2 30 and the main shaft 2. The gear 1 29 and the gear 2 30 are both Arranged in the gear box 33, gear 1 29 and gear 2 30 can make the tool holder 1 3 and the tool holder 2 4 rotate relatively synchronously for cutting, ensuring the symmetry of the moving blade 1 7 and the moving blade 2 8 when cutting the material, ensuring that the moving blade 1 7 and the moving blade 2 8 always maintain mirror symmetry during operation. When the moving blades are shearing, the forces transmitted to the main shaft 1 and the main shaft 2 by the tool holder 1 3 and the tool holder 2 4 are opposite, and the forces offset each other, the equipment has small vibration and runs smoothly, ensuring the stability of the equipment during operation.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the shell includes an upper shell 13 and a lower shell 14. The upper shell 13 is a conical shell with an inner diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom. A matching conical impact plate 15 is provided in the upper shell 13. The impact plate 15 is used to prevent materials from directly hitting the upper shell 13, and can protect the upper shell 13. A bracket top rod 16 is provided on the lower shell 14. A screen assembly is provided below the tool holder 1 3 and the tool holder 2 4. The screen assembly includes a screen bracket 17 located below the tool holder 1 3 and the tool holder 2 4 and an arc-shaped screen 18 provided on the screen bracket 17. The screen bracket 17 is also an arc-shaped structure matching the arc-shaped screen 18. The screen bracket 17 is supported by the bracket top rod 16. The arc-shaped screen 18 and the screen bracket 17 below the main shaft 1 and the main shaft 2 are independently arranged, which can reduce the replacement cost of the arc-shaped screen 18 and the difficulty of loading and unloading the arc-shaped screen 18.

[0032] The feed port and crushing cavity at the top of the upper shell 13 are large, and large-size batteries can be quickly sheared and dissociated at one time without being restricted by the feeding direction of large-size batteries. A hydraulic station 19 is provided on the outside of the shell to drive the screen bracket 17 to lift or fall. The hydraulic station 19 is used to replace the arc screen 18. The arc screen 18 is used to control the size of the battery material after shearing and dissociation to ensure that the battery material will not fall directly and the battery can be fully dissociated. The screen bracket 17 is used to load and unload the arc screen 18 to ensure the installation position of the arc screen 18 and improve the rigidity of the arc screen 18. The bracket top rod 16 is used to fix the screen bracket 17 in place to prevent the screen bracket 17 from falling during the crushing process. The shell, drive motor 9, hydraulic station 19, etc. are all arranged on the support platform 31, and the large pulley 23, small pulley 24 and V-belt shaft are all arranged in the pulley box 32.

[0033] A mounting plate 20 is provided in the middle of the lower shell 14, and the inner fixed blade 6 is installed on the upper end of the mounting plate 20. Two independent drop bins 21 located below the tool holder 1 3 and below the tool holder 2 4 are formed between the lower shell 14 and the mounting plate 20. Fixed blade pressure plates 22 are respectively provided on the upper end surfaces on both sides of the lower shell 14. The fixed blade pressure plates 22 on both sides are respectively located on the outer side of the middle part of the tool holder 1 3 and the tool holder 2 4. The outer fixed blade 5 is installed on the fixed blade pressure plate 22. The fixed blade pressure plate 22 is used to fix the inner fixed blade 6 on the shell. The upper shell 13 and the lower shell 14 are used for the entry and exit of materials to ensure that the crusher bin is in an oxygen-proof working state.

[0034] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biaxial lithium battery shearing and crushing device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell and a main shaft (1) and a main shaft (2) symmetrically arranged in the shell, wherein the main shaft (1) and the main shaft (2) roll toward the middle to form a double-axis rolling mode, wherein a plurality of tool holders (1) and tool holders (4) are respectively installed along the axial direction on the main shaft (1) and the main shaft (2), wherein the tool holders (1) and tool holders (2) are coplanar in the radial direction and are mirror-symmetrical, and a plurality of movable blades are arranged on the tool holders (3) and tool holders (4); outer fixed blades (5) are arranged on both sides of the shell, and an inner fixed blade (6) is arranged in the middle of the shell and is located between the tool holders (3) and tool holders (4); a screen assembly is arranged below the tool holders (3) and tool holders (4); the main shaft (1) is driven to rotate by a driving motor (9), and a connecting piece (1) and a connecting piece (2) are respectively arranged on the main shaft (1) and the main shaft (2), and the connecting piece (1) and the connecting piece (2) are linked to each other; the shell comprises an upper shell (13) and a lower shell (14); the lower shell A bracket top rod (16) is provided on the housing (14), the screen assembly comprises a screen bracket (17) located below the blade holder 1 (3) and the blade holder 2 (4) and an arc-shaped screen (18) provided on the screen bracket (17), the screen bracket (17) being supported by the bracket top rod (16); a hydraulic station (19) for driving the screen bracket (17) to be lifted or lowered is provided on the outer side of the housing; a mounting plate (20) is provided in the middle of the lower housing (14), and a fixed blade (6) is provided inside the housing (14). The lower housing (14) is mounted on the upper end of the mounting plate (20); two independent material drop bins (21) are formed between the lower housing (14) and the mounting plate (20), and are located respectively below the first blade holder (3) and below the second blade holder (4); fixed blade pressing plates (22) are respectively arranged on the upper end surfaces on both sides of the lower housing (14); the fixed blade pressing plates (22) on both sides are respectively located on the outer side of the middle of the first blade holder (3) and the second blade holder (4); and the outer fixed blade (5) is mounted on the fixed blade pressing plate (22).

2. The biaxial lithium battery shearing and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool holder one (3) is evenly distributed with mounting platforms one (10) in a clockwise direction on its circumference, and the tool holder two (4) is evenly distributed with mounting platforms two (11) in a counterclockwise direction on its circumference. The mounting platforms one (10) and two (11) are respectively provided with moving blades one (7) and moving blades two (8).

3. The biaxial lithium battery shearing and crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of tool holders one (3) are connected in series along the axial direction on the main shaft one (1), and the plurality of tool holders two (4) are connected in series along the axial direction on the main shaft two (2); a mounting platform one (10) on each tool holder one (3) on the entire main shaft one (1) together forms a V-shaped tool holder group one (12), and a plurality of tool holder groups one (12) are formed on the entire main shaft one (1); a mounting platform two (11) on each tool holder two (4) on the entire main shaft two (2) together forms a V-shaped tool holder group two, and a plurality of tool holder groups two are formed on the entire main shaft two (2); the tips of the tool holder group one (12) and the tool holder group two are both facing the middle.

4. The biaxial lithium battery shearing and crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper shell (13) is a conical shell with an inner diameter that gradually decreases from top to bottom. A matching conical counterattack plate (15) is provided in the upper shell (13).

5. The biaxial lithium battery shearing and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A large pulley (23) is provided at one end of the main shaft (1) close to the driving motor (9), a small pulley (24) is provided at the power output end of the driving motor (9), and a V-belt (25) is connected between the large pulley (23) and the small pulley (24); a flywheel (26) is symmetrically provided on the main shaft (2) with respect to the large pulley (23).

6. The biaxial lithium battery shearing and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the main shaft one (1) are respectively provided with a front bearing one and a rear bearing one, and the two ends of the main shaft two (2) are respectively provided with a front bearing two and a rear bearing two; the front bearing one and the front bearing two are supported by the same front bearing seat (27), and the rear bearing one and the rear bearing two are supported by the same rear bearing seat (28).

7. The biaxial lithium battery shearing and crushing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting member 1 is a gear 1 (29) connected to the end of the main shaft 1 (1) away from the large pulley (23), and the connecting member 2 is a gear 2 (30) connected to the end of the main shaft 2 (2) away from the flywheel (26), and the gear 1 (29) and the gear 2 (30) are meshed with each other; the rear bearing 1 is located between the gear 1 (29) and the main shaft 1 (1), and the rear bearing 2 is located between the gear 2 (30) and the main shaft 2 (2).

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