Mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of traffic safety, and particularly relates to a mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation, which comprises a detection device, a control system, a warning device and a photovoltaic energy supply system, and is characterized in that the detection device comprises two pairs of photoelectric switches which are respectively arranged at view blind areas on two sides of a mountain road corner; the warning device comprises an LCD display screen, a warning signal lamp and a sound alarm module which are connected with the control system. The photovoltaic energy supply system is used for converting solar energy into electric energy and storing the electric energy to supply power to other devices. The photoelectric switch converts a signal indicating whether a pedestrian or a vehicle passes into a voltage signal and transmits the voltage signal to the control system, and the control system controls the LCD display screen, the warning signal lamp and the sound alarm module to enter corresponding working states. Through comprehensive application of the photovoltaic technology, the photoelectric sensor technology and the single-chip microcomputer technology, passing vehicles and pedestrians are timely and effectively warned, and the safety of the mountain road turning is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of traffic safety, and in particular relates to a mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern transportation and the improvement of people's living standards, private cars have become the first choice for people to travel. However, complex road conditions such as sharp turns on mountain roads require high coping ability and driving skills of drivers. Some drivers have weak safety awareness, are not sensitive enough to road conditions, and have poor driving skills, which increases the incidence of traffic accidents. At the corners of mountain roads, traffic accidents are often prone to occur due to limited vision and narrow roads, posing serious safety hazards. Therefore, how to improve the safety of sharp turns on mountain roads has become a difficult problem in the current field of traffic safety.

[0003] In order to solve the safety problem of sharp turns on mountain roads, a series of intelligent traffic facilities have emerged in recent years, such as traffic lights, traffic signs, warning signs, etc. However, these facilities require manual maintenance and power supply, and the cost is relatively high. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model proposes a mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation. The system uses photoelectric switches to sense changes in the surrounding environment and controls the working state of the warning device through a single-chip microcomputer, thereby providing timely and effective warnings to passing vehicles and pedestrians, thereby improving the safety of mountain road bends.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation, comprising:

[0007] The detection device includes two pairs of photoelectric switches respectively arranged at the blind spots on both sides of the mountain road corner;

[0008] Control systems;

[0009] A warning device, including an LCD display screen, a warning signal light and an audible alarm module connected to the control system; and

[0010] Photovoltaic energy supply system, used to convert solar energy into electrical energy for storage and power other devices;

[0011] The photoelectric switch converts the signal of whether there are pedestrians or vehicles passing through into a voltage signal and transmits it to the control system, and the control system controls the LCD display screen, the warning signal light and the sound alarm module to enter the corresponding working state.

[0012] According to the mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation of the utility model, further, the photoelectric switch adopts a normally closed opposing photoelectric switch; the two pairs of photoelectric switches include a pair of internal photoelectric switches and a pair of external photoelectric switches, the internal photoelectric switches are used to judge whether pedestrians or vehicles enter, and the external photoelectric switches are used to judge whether pedestrians or vehicles leave.

[0013] According to the mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation of the utility model, further, the control system includes a single chip microcomputer and peripheral circuits, and the single chip microcomputer adopts an AT89C51 single chip microcomputer.

[0014] According to the photovoltaic-based mountain road sharp turn warning system of the utility model, further, the peripheral circuit includes a clock circuit and a reset circuit, the clock circuit provides a clock signal, and the reset circuit is used to restore the system to an initial state.

[0015] According to the mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation of the utility model, further, the LCD display screen adopts AMPIRE12864 display screen.

[0016] According to the mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation of the utility model, further, the photovoltaic energy supply system includes a solar charge and discharge controller and a solar panel, a battery and a voltage stabilizer connected to the solar charge and discharge controller.

[0017] According to the mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation of the utility model, further, the storage battery adopts a polymer lithium battery; the solar panel adopts a monocrystalline silicon solar panel; and the solar charge and discharge controller adopts a 12V photovoltaic controller.

[0018] According to the mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation of the utility model, further, the voltage stabilizer adopts a switching type voltage stabilizer with a model of MC34063.

[0019] According to the photovoltaic-based sharp turn warning system for mountain roads of the utility model, further, the control system, the warning device and the photovoltaic power supply system are integrated into a shell, and the shell is fixed to the mountain road curb between the photoelectric switches on both sides.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0021] The utility model is a mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation. The system uses the AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer as the control core and uses photoelectric switches to sense vehicles, people or large animals at the corners of the mountain road, thereby controlling the working status of the LCD display, sound alarm module and warning signal light to realize the warning of vehicles coming from both sides of the mountain road corner. At the same time, the photovoltaic energy supply system supplies power to the entire system, thereby realizing the low-carbon, environmentally friendly and sustainable operation of the system. The utility model provides a new idea for solving the problem of vehicle driving safety at the corners of mountain roads through the comprehensive application of photovoltaic technology, photoelectric sensor technology and single-chip microcomputer technology, and has a value that can be promoted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of a mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation in a mountain road according to an embodiment of the utility model. In the figure, serial number 1 represents an internal photoelectric switch, and serial number 2 represents an external photoelectric switch;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural block diagram of the photovoltaic energy supply system of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a pin diagram of the AT89C51 single chip microcomputer of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a photoelectric switch detection circuit diagram of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a warning circuit diagram of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a photovoltaic power supply voltage stabilization circuit diagram of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a peripheral circuit diagram of a single chip microcomputer according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Fig. 9 It is the overall circuit diagram of the mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation according to an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation of this embodiment includes a detection device, a control system, a warning device and a photovoltaic power supply system; the detection device includes two pairs of photoelectric switches respectively arranged at the blind spots on both sides of the mountain road corner, such as Figure 2 As shown, the internal photoelectric switch 1 is used to determine whether a pedestrian or vehicle enters, and the external photoelectric switch 2 is used to determine whether a pedestrian or vehicle leaves. The warning device includes an LCD display screen, a warning signal light and a sound alarm module connected to the control system. The system has two working states. When a pedestrian or vehicle enters, the system enters a warning state (the LCD display screen displays "Cars coming ahead, pay attention to safety", the warning signal light turns yellow, and the sound alarm module is turned on); when a pedestrian or vehicle leaves, the system enters a reminder state (the LCD display screen displays "Sharp turn section, please drive carefully", the warning signal light turns green, and the sound alarm module is turned off). The photovoltaic energy supply system is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy for storage and power other devices; the photoelectric switch converts the signal of whether there are pedestrians or vehicles passing into a voltage signal and transmits it to the control system. The control system controls the LCD display screen, the warning signal light and the sound alarm module to enter the corresponding working state, thereby playing a reminder role.

[0033] In addition to the separate arrangement of the detection device, the control system, the warning device and the photovoltaic energy supply system are integrated into a housing, which is fixed on the curb of the mountain road between the photoelectric switches on both sides.

[0034] The function of the photoelectric switch is to detect whether there are pedestrians or vehicles passing by, and to feed back the results to the control core microcontroller. The through-beam photoelectric switch usually includes two components: a photoelectric transmitter and a photoelectric receiver. The photoelectric transmitter usually emits a beam of infrared or visible light, and the photoelectric receiver receives the reflection of the light. When an object blocks the light, the photoelectric receiver will not be able to capture the transmitter light signal, and thus output a signal indicating that the object has been detected. In addition, the through-beam photoelectric switch can also be used to detect the position of an object. In this case, the photoelectric transmitter and the photoelectric receiver are usually placed on both sides of the object. When the object approaches the switch, it blocks the light, causing the photoelectric receiver to be unable to capture the reflected light signal, and thus outputs a signal indicating that the object has reached the switch position. Through-beam photoelectric switches are divided into normally closed and normally open types. This embodiment selects a normally closed through-beam photoelectric switch with an operating voltage of 12V and a maximum distance of 20m. For example Figure 5As shown in the figure, the detection circuit is composed of a normally closed photoelectric switch, a PNP transistor and a resistor. Its function is to detect whether there are pedestrians or vehicles. When there are pedestrians or vehicles, the system will issue a corresponding warning to remind. The detection circuit converts the signal of whether there are pedestrians or vehicles into a voltage signal through the photoelectric switch to control the conduction of the PNP transistor, thereby controlling the level state of the microcontroller pin. The photoelectric switches are set in the two-way blind area of ​​vision. When there are no pedestrians or vehicles passing by, the photoelectric switch is in the on state, the transistor base is turned off at a high level, and the corresponding pin of the microcontroller is at a high level; when a pedestrian or vehicle enters, the photoelectric switch is blocked and turned off, the transistor base is turned on at a low level, and the corresponding pin of the microcontroller will get a low level, and the microcontroller executes the corresponding program.

[0035] The control system includes a single-chip microcomputer and peripheral circuits. This embodiment uses the AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer, which is a high-performance 8-bit single-chip microcomputer based on the MCS-51 instruction set architecture produced by ATMEL Corporation of the United States. It has the following advantages: compatible with the MCS-51 instruction set, easy to learn and develop; and can be erased and written 1000 times, which is convenient for system development and parameter modification; fast speed, good real-time performance, suitable for a large number of real-time processing tasks; with a variety of peripheral interfaces, it is convenient to develop various applications. Its pin diagram is as follows Figure 4 shown.

[0036] The peripheral circuit includes a clock circuit and a reset circuit. Figure 8 As shown in Figure 1, the clock circuit is used to provide an accurate clock signal to control various operations of the microcontroller. The reset circuit is used to restore the system to its initial state when the system is started or a fault occurs.

[0037] In this embodiment, the LCD display screen uses AMPIRE12864 display screen, which is a 128×64 dot matrix LCD display screen. It uses ST7920 control chip, supports SPI and I2C interfaces, can be controlled by a single-chip microcomputer, and has the characteristics of high contrast, high brightness and wide viewing angle.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1 , the photovoltaic energy supply system includes a solar charge and discharge controller and a solar panel, a battery and a voltage stabilizer connected to the solar charge and discharge controller. Each part is introduced below.

[0039] A solar panel is a device that uses solar energy to convert light energy into electrical energy. It is usually composed of multiple solar cells that convert sunlight into direct current. The current mainstream solar cells mainly include monocrystalline silicon cells, polycrystalline silicon cells, PERC cells, bifacial cells, flexible cells, etc. Among them, monocrystalline silicon cells and polycrystalline silicon cells are the two most widely used batteries on the market. The conversion efficiency of monocrystalline silicon cells is relatively high, reaching about 18%, but the cost is relatively high; the conversion efficiency of polycrystalline silicon cells is relatively low, generally around 15%, but the cost is relatively low. Through analysis and comparison, this embodiment chooses to use a monocrystalline silicon solar panel with a higher conversion efficiency. Considering that the conversion efficiency of the solar charge and discharge controller is about 75%, the peak sunshine hours are about 4 hours, and other variables, it is calculated that the solar panel requires at least 100 W, so a solar panel of 18 V / 100W is selected.

[0040] On the one hand, the battery can provide power for the load to ensure the normal operation of the load, and on the other hand, it can store the power generated by the solar panel. Lead-acid batteries and lithium batteries are two commonly used batteries. Through analysis and comparison of the two batteries, we chose 12 V / 30 Ah polymer lithium batteries.

[0041] The main function of the solar charge and discharge controller is to monitor the output voltage and current of the solar panel and convert it into a voltage and current suitable for charging or discharging to protect the battery and load. It can also automatically adjust the charging and discharging state according to parameters such as light intensity and battery voltage, so that the solar panel power generation system can work more efficiently. In addition, the controller also has protection functions such as over-voltage, under-voltage, over-current, and short circuit, which can effectively protect the solar panel and battery. This embodiment selects a 12V photovoltaic controller with a conversion efficiency of 75% and adjustable parameters.

[0042] The voltage stabilizer is used to ensure that the battery stably supplies power to devices such as single-chip microcomputers. Preferably, this embodiment uses a switching voltage stabilizer of model MC34063. MC34063 is a multifunctional DC-DC converter integrated circuit (IC) that can be used to build various voltage stabilizers and power supplies. MC34063 has a built-in oscillator, voltage reference and switching transistor. It is easy to use and reduces the number of external components required. It can operate over a wide input voltage range. The photovoltaic power supply voltage stabilization circuit consists of an MC34063 chip, a Schottky diode, a capacitor, a resistor and an inductor. Its function is to convert the 12 V voltage of the battery into a stable 5 V voltage for use by devices such as single-chip microcomputers. The circuit is as shown in FIG. Figure 7 shown.

[0043] Here’s how it works:

[0044] Solar panels use the photovoltaic effect to convert light energy directly into electrical energy and store it in batteries. The 12V voltage of the battery is stabilized at around 5V through a photovoltaic power supply voltage stabilization circuit to power the microcontroller and other devices. The photoelectric switch is directly powered by a 12V battery.

[0045] Figure 6 and Fig. 9 As shown, the system will first determine the status of the two pairs of internal photoelectric switches; when pedestrians or vehicles enter, they will block the internal photoelectric switches (the status of the external photoelectric switches will not be determined at this time), and the microcontroller pin connected to the internal photoelectric switches will obtain a low level, and the system will enter the warning state (the LCD display will display "Vehicles coming in front, pay attention to safety", the warning signal light will light up yellow, and the sound alarm module will turn on), so as to convey the signal that there are pedestrians or vehicles in the current blind spot, which serves as a reminder to pedestrians and vehicles passing by.

[0046] If the internal photoelectric switch is in the on state, the external photoelectric switch state will be judged. When pedestrians or vehicles pass by, they will block the external photoelectric switch, and the microcontroller pin connected to the external photoelectric switch will get a low level, and the system will enter the reminder state (the LCD display will display "Sharp turn section, please drive carefully", the warning signal light will light green, and the sound alarm module will be turned off), so as to convey the signal that there are no pedestrians or vehicles in the current blind spot.

[0047] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein shall have the usual meanings understood by persons with ordinary skills in the field to which the utility model belongs. Similar words such as "one" or "an" used in the specification and claims of this application do not necessarily indicate a quantity limitation. Similar words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, which is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the utility model. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model are included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation, characterized in that: include: The detection device includes two pairs of photoelectric switches respectively arranged at the blind spots on both sides of the mountain road corner; Control systems; A warning device, including an LCD display screen, a warning signal light and a sound alarm module connected to the control system; as well as Photovoltaic energy supply system, used to convert solar energy into electrical energy for storage and power other devices; The photoelectric switch converts the signal of whether there are pedestrians or vehicles passing through into a voltage signal and transmits it to the control system, and the control system controls the LCD display screen, the warning signal light and the sound alarm module to enter the corresponding working state.

2. The mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The photoelectric switch is a normally closed photoelectric switch; the two pairs of photoelectric switches include a pair of internal photoelectric switches and a pair of external photoelectric switches, the internal photoelectric switches are used to determine whether pedestrians or vehicles enter, and the external photoelectric switches are used to determine whether pedestrians or vehicles leave.

3. The mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The control system comprises a single chip microcomputer and peripheral circuits, and the single chip microcomputer adopts an AT89C51 single chip microcomputer.

4. The mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The peripheral circuit includes a clock circuit and a reset circuit. The clock circuit provides a clock signal, and the reset circuit is used to restore the system to an initial state.

5. The mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The LCD display screen adopts AMPIRE12864 display screen.

6. The mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The photovoltaic energy supply system comprises a solar charge and discharge controller and a solar panel, a storage battery and a voltage stabilizer connected to the solar charge and discharge controller.

7. The mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The storage battery adopts a polymer lithium battery; the solar panel adopts a monocrystalline silicon solar panel; and the solar charge and discharge controller adopts a 12V photovoltaic controller.

8. The mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The voltage stabilizer is a switching voltage stabilizer of model MC34063.

9. The mountain road sharp turn warning system based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system, warning device and photovoltaic energy supply system are integrated into a housing, and the housing is fixed on the edge of the mountain road between the photoelectric switches on both sides.

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