Observation pillar based on expansion fixing effect

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses an observation pillar based on an expansion fixing effect, the observation pillar comprises an observation pillar main body and a foundation, the foundation comprises an expansion pipe and a threaded pile, and the observation pillar main body is connected to the upper end of the threaded pile; the upper section of the expansion pipe is an equal-diameter section, the lower section of the expansion pipe is a variable-diameter section, concave threads are arranged on the inner wall of the expansion pipe, a plurality of anti-sliding blocks are arranged around the outer wall of the variable-diameter section, the inner diameter of the variable-diameter section is gradually reduced from top to bottom, the thickness of the pipe wall is gradually increased, a parting seam is formed in the variable-diameter section, and the variable-diameter section is divided into two semicircular pipes through the parting seam. The outer wall of the threaded pile is provided with outer convex threads coupled with the inner concave threads on the inner wall of the expansion pipe. The observation pillar aims at solving the problems that in the prior art, cost such as basic material consumption and foundation pit excavation volume of an observation pillar used for monitoring the apparent deformation of the waste slag field is high, and construction efficiency is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of safety monitoring, and in particular to an observation pier based on an expansion fixing effect. Background Art

[0002] The construction of many civil engineering and water conservancy projects will generate a large amount of earth excavation, and a special waste dump is needed to pile up the huge amount of construction waste. The waste dump is formed by artificial fill, and there is generally a phenomenon of under-compaction in the waste dump. Therefore, the internal soil is loose and has a large porosity. Therefore, the shear strength, bearing capacity and other mechanical indicators of the soil in the waste dump are generally low, and its potential landslide risk is higher than that of natural soil of the same soil quality. It is necessary to carry out safety monitoring of the waste dump.

[0003] Apparent deformation is a necessary safety monitoring item for large and medium-sized water conservancy and slope projects. The working principle is to set up a working base point outside the monitored object, in a place with clear line of sight and relatively stable to the earth, and to set up several observation piers (measuring points) on the surface of the monitored object. The working base point is used as a fixed point to measure the displacement of the observation pier relative to the working base point, so as to identify and record the apparent deformation of the monitored object.

[0004] To ensure the accuracy and precision of the measurement, the observation pier needs to be consistent with the deformation of the monitored object, that is, the observation pier remains motionless relative to the monitored object. For low-bearing-capacity spoil dump fill, the usual solution is to install the observation pier on a conventional concrete or mortar-stone foundation to expand the bottom area of ​​the foundation and reduce the pressure of the foundation on the foundation. The observation pier reaches a stable state with no settlement or tilt relative to the spoil dump. However, the cost of material consumption and foundation pit excavation of such a foundation is high, and the construction efficiency is not high. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide an observation pier based on the expansion fixing effect, so as to solve the problems of high cost of basic materials, foundation pit excavation and the like and low construction efficiency of the observation pier used for monitoring the apparent deformation of the abandoned slag field in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the embodiment of the present application provides an observation pier based on the expansion fixing effect, including: an observation pier body and a foundation, wherein the foundation includes an expansion pipe and a threaded pile, wherein:

[0007] The observation pier body is connected to the upper end of the threaded pile;

[0008] The upper section of the expansion tube is a section of equal diameter, and the lower section is a section of variable diameter. The inner wall of the expansion tube is provided with an inner concave thread, and a plurality of anti-sliding blocks are provided around the outer wall of the variable diameter section. The inner diameter of the variable diameter section gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the thickness of the tube wall gradually increases. A split seam is provided on the variable diameter section, and the split seam divides the variable diameter section into two semicircular tubes.

[0009] The outer wall of the threaded pile is provided with an outer convex thread coupled with the inner concave thread of the inner wall of the expansion tube.

[0010] Optionally, the foundation further includes an anti-pullout component, which includes a pressure plate, a central circular hole, a ground nail hole, and a ground nail. The center of the pressure plate is provided with the central circular hole, the equal-diameter section penetrates the central circular hole, and a plurality of ground nail holes are provided around the central circular hole for penetrating the ground nails. The ground nail hole is inclined away from the axis of the expansion tube, and the outer wall of the equal-diameter section is provided with a plurality of ear plates for receiving the pressure plate.

[0011] The pressure plate is prepared by using a reinforced concrete prefabricated plate.

[0012] Optionally, the threaded pile further includes a knob and a second mounting plate, the knob is connected to the top of the second mounting plate, the top of the threaded pile is connected to the second mounting plate, and a through hole is provided on the side of the knob.

[0013] Optionally, the foundation further includes a filler, which is C15 concrete, or is prepared by concrete, secondary graded sand and gravel, or tertiary graded sand and gravel, and the filler is filled in the gap between the expansion tube and the foundation.

[0014] Optionally, the main body of the observation pier is a concrete observation pier, and the concrete observation pier is a solid prism or a prism, which is cast on the upper end of the threaded pile.

[0015] Optionally, the main body of the observation pier is a steel pipe observation pier, which includes a first mounting plate and chassis bolts. The steel pipe observation pier is a hollow cylinder or a truncated cone, and the knob is accommodated in the hollow part. The bottom of the steel pipe observation pier is a circular ring-shaped first mounting plate, and a plurality of openings are arranged around the first mounting plate for inserting the chassis bolts. The first mounting plate and the second mounting plate arranged at the upper end of the threaded pile are connected by chassis bolts.

[0016] Optionally, the concrete observation pier and the pressure plate are cast as one piece.

[0017] Optionally, the expansion tube is made of recycled rubber or recycled plastic;

[0018] The knob and the second mounting plate are weldable metal products, and the threaded pile is a solid reinforced concrete prefabricated component.

[0019] Optionally, a steel cage is provided in the threaded pile body, and the top of the steel cage is connected to the bottom of the second mounting plate.

[0020] Optionally, the ground nails are iron products with galvanized surfaces for corrosion protection.

[0021] The embodiments of the present application have the following advantages:

[0022] An embodiment of the present application provides an observation pier based on an expansion fixing effect, comprising: an observation pier body and a foundation, wherein the foundation comprises an expansion tube and a threaded pile, wherein the observation pier body is connected to the upper end of the threaded pile; the upper section of the expansion tube is a constant diameter section, and the lower section is a variable diameter section, the inner wall of the expansion tube is provided with an inner concave thread, and a plurality of anti-sliding blocks are provided around the outer wall of the variable diameter section, the inner diameter of the variable diameter section gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the thickness of the pipe wall gradually increases, and a split is provided on the variable diameter section, and the split divides the variable diameter section into two semicircular tubes; the outer wall of the threaded pile is provided with an outer convex thread coupled with the inner concave thread of the inner wall of the expansion tube.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the observation pier based on the expansion fixing effect provided by the above technical solution does not need to excavate a large foundation pit during installation. It only needs to drill a hole in the foundation, bury the expansion tube with expansion effect, pour in the filler, and screw in the threaded pile. The variable diameter section of the expansion tube expands as the threaded pile is screwed in, increasing the side friction resistance. At the same time, the bottom area of ​​the expansion tube increases, increasing the end resistance. There is no need to backfill the soil. A steel pipe observation pier or a concrete observation pier can be installed on the top of the threaded pile. This solution has a clear principle, simple installation, and less engineering work, which improves work efficiency and saves costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of an installed concrete observation pier based on an expansion fixing effect provided by at least one embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a steel pipe observation pier for installing an observation pier based on an expansion fixing effect provided by at least one embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of a steel pipe observation pier for installing an observation pier based on an expansion fixing effect provided by at least one embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the partial structure disassembly of a steel pipe observation pier for installing an observation pier based on an expansion fixing effect provided by at least one embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5A schematic diagram of the structural relationship between an expansion pipe, a threaded pile, and a pressure plate of an observation pier based on an expansion fixing effect provided by at least one embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of an expansion tube of an observation pier based on an expansion fixing effect provided by at least one embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a steel cage inside a threaded pile of an observation pier based on an expansion fixing effect provided by at least one embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a segmented section of an expansion pipe of a constant diameter section and a variable diameter section of an observation pier based on an expansion fixing effect provided by at least one embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a hole drilled in the foundation of an observation pier based on an expansion fixing effect provided in at least one embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of an expansion pipe installation of an observation pier based on an expansion fixing effect provided by at least one embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of pouring a filler into an observation pier based on an expansion fixing effect provided by at least one embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the installation of a pressure plate of an observation pier based on an expansion fixing effect provided by at least one embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the installation of a threaded pile of an observation pier based on an expansion fixing effect provided by at least one embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of installation of a concrete observation pier based on an expansion fixing effect provided by at least one embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Fig.15 A conventional basic schematic diagram of an observation pier based on an expansion fixing effect is provided for at least one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following is a description of the implementation of the present application by specific specific embodiments. People familiar with the technology can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0041] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0042] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0043] The present application embodiment provides an observation pier based on the expansion fixation effect, referring to Figures 1 to 8 , including: an observation pier body and a foundation, wherein the foundation includes an expansion pipe and a threaded pile, wherein:

[0044] The observation pier body is connected to the upper end of the threaded pile 4;

[0045] refer to Figure 1 In some embodiments, the main body of the observation pier is a concrete observation pier 6, which is a solid prism or a prism, cast on the upper end of the threaded pile 4. In some embodiments, the concrete observation pier 6 and the pressure plate 3 are cast as one.

[0046] refer to Figure 2-4In some embodiments, the main body of the observation pier is a prefabricated steel pipe observation pier 1, and the steel pipe observation pier 1 includes a first mounting plate 101 and a chassis bolt 102; the steel pipe observation pier 1 is a hollow cylinder or a truncated cone, and the knob 401 is accommodated in the hollow part, and the top is flat, and the top can be used to cooperate with the installation monitoring forced centering plate, and the forced centering plate can be prepared by the "adjustable forced centering plate" with application number CN201420234253.0. The bottom of the steel pipe observation pier 1 is a circular first mounting plate 101, and the center of the first mounting plate 101 is through to accommodate the knob 401 set on the upper end of the threaded pile 4, and the diameter of the first mounting plate 101 is larger than the outer diameter of the steel pipe observation pier 1. There are several openings around the first mounting plate 101 for inserting the chassis bolts 102, and the first mounting plate 101 and the second mounting plate 402 set on the upper end of the threaded pile 4 are connected by the chassis bolts 102.

[0047] In some embodiments, the steel pipe observation pier 1, the first mounting plate 101, and the chassis bolts 102 are all made of iron, and the chassis bolts 102 are known bolts.

[0048] In some embodiments, the expansion tube includes a constant diameter section 2 , a variable diameter section 201 , an ear plate 202 , an inner concave thread 203 , an anti-sliding block 204 , and a slit 205 .

[0049] Specifically, the upper section of the expansion tube is a constant diameter section 2, and the lower section is a variable diameter section 201. The outer wall of the constant diameter section 2 is provided with a plurality of rectangular ear plates 202. The inner wall of the expansion tube is provided with an inner concave thread 203 for tightly fitting with the outer convex thread 403 of the threaded pile 4. A plurality of anti-sliding blocks 204 are provided around the outer wall of the variable diameter section 201 for increasing the lateral friction resistance. The shape of the anti-sliding blocks can be a raised square, triangle, semicircle, etc.

[0050] In some embodiments, the equal diameter section 2, the variable diameter section 201, the ear plate 202, the inner concave thread 203, and the anti-sliding block 204 made of corrosion-resistant, elastic, and pressure-resistant materials such as recycled rubber or recycled plastic are connected as a whole to form an expansion tube.

[0051] Specifically, the outer diameter and inner diameter of the equal-diameter section 2 of the expansion tube remain unchanged, the outer diameter of the variable-diameter section 201 remains unchanged and is consistent with the outer diameter of the equal-diameter section 2, the inner diameter of the variable-diameter section 201 gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the thickness of the tube wall gradually increases. A slit 205 is provided on the variable-diameter section 201, and the slit 205 divides the variable-diameter section 201 into two semicircular tubes. Before the threaded pile 4 is screwed into the variable-diameter section 201, the slit 205 is closed to block the filler 5 outside the variable-diameter section 201. When the threaded pile 4 is screwed into the variable-diameter section 201, the slit 205 opens, and the variable-diameter section 201 expands outward to squeeze the filler 5 and the foundation soil, thereby increasing the lateral friction resistance. Furthermore, the bottom area of ​​the expansion tube increases, thereby increasing the end resistance.

[0052] In some embodiments, the foundation further includes an anti-pullout assembly, which includes a pressure plate 3, a central circular hole 301, a ground nail hole 302, and a ground nail 303; a central circular hole 301 is provided at the center of the square pressure plate 3, and the equal-diameter section 2 penetrates the central circular hole 301. A plurality of ground nail holes 302 are provided around the central circular hole 301 for penetrating the ground nail 303. The ground nail hole 302 is inclined away from the axis of the expansion tube, and guides the ground nail 303 to be inclined outwardly nailed into the foundation soil. A plurality of rectangular ear plates 202 on the outer wall of the equal-diameter section 2 receive the pressure plate 3.

[0053] The pressure plate 3 is made of reinforced concrete prefabricated plate and other materials with high hardness and not easy to deform, and the ground nail 303 is an iron product with galvanized surface for corrosion protection. The function of the anti-pullout component is to keep the expansion pipe axis vertical, block and inhibit the filler 5 from escaping upward.

[0054] In some embodiments, the threaded pile 4 includes a knob 401, a second mounting plate 402, and an external convex thread 403. The knob 401 is connected to the top of the second mounting plate 402, and the top of the threaded pile 4 is connected to the bottom of the second mounting plate 402. A through hole is provided on the side of the knob 401. When in use, a steel bar or a wooden stick is passed through the through hole, and the steel bar or the wooden stick is rotated to drive the threaded pile 4 to rotate into the expansion tube. The number, position, and aperture of the openings provided on the circular second mounting plate 402 are the same as those of the openings of the first mounting plate 101. The chassis bolts 102 pass through the openings of the first mounting plate 101 and the openings of the second mounting plate 402 to fasten the steel pipe observation pier 1 to the threaded pile 4. The outer wall of the threaded pile 4 is provided with an external convex thread 403 coupled with the inner concave thread 203 of the inner wall of the expansion tube.

[0055] In some embodiments, the knob 401 and the second mounting plate 402 are weldable metal products, such as iron, and the threaded pile 4 is a solid reinforced concrete prefabricated component.

[0056] In some embodiments, as shown in the attached Figure 7 As shown, there is a steel cage inside the threaded pile 4, the top of the steel cage is connected to the bottom of the second mounting plate 402 (for example, welded), and the concrete and the steel cage are cast as a whole by concrete pouring to form a prefabricated threaded pile 4.

[0057] In some embodiments, the foundation also includes a filler 5, which is C15 concrete or made of concrete, secondary graded sand and gravel, tertiary graded sand and gravel and other granular materials. The filler 5 is used to fill the gap between the expansion tube and the foundation and increase the lateral friction between the expansion tube and the foundation.

[0058] refer to Figure 9-14 The specific installation steps of the observation pier based on the expansion fixing effect provided in the embodiment of the present application are as follows:

[0059] Drilling a hole in the foundation by mechanical or manual digging, wherein the diameter of the hole is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the expansion tube ear plate 202;

[0060] Put the expansion tube vertically into the drill hole, and pour in the filler 5 to fill the gap between the expansion tube and the foundation tightly;

[0061] Put the central circular hole 301 of the pressure plate 3 on the outer ring of the equal diameter section 2 and press it down to the ear plate 202. With the expansion tube as the center, insert the ground nails 303 into the ground nail holes 302 and nail them into the foundation soil in the order of alternating diagonal lines;

[0062] Use an excavator or chain hoist to vertically lift the threaded pile 4, align the outer convex thread 403 of the threaded pile 4 with the inner concave thread 203 of the expansion tube, and pass the steel bar or wooden stick through the through hole of the knob 401, rotate the steel bar or wooden stick to rotate the threaded pile 4 into the expansion tube, after the threaded pile 4 below the second mounting plate 402 is completely screwed into the expansion tube, the diameter reducing section is opened to the maximum, and the threaded pile 4 is stabilized;

[0063] The observation pier body is installed on the upper end of the threaded pile 4.

[0064] In some embodiments, when the main body of the observation pier is a concrete observation pier 6 , the concrete observation pier 6 is cast above the pressure plate 3 and is cast as one piece with the pressure plate 3 .

[0065] In some embodiments, the main steps of pouring the concrete observation pier 6 are: using the pressure plate 3 as the bottom formwork, erecting the side formwork, fastening the steel bars, pouring the concrete, curing the concrete, and disassembling the formwork.

[0066] In some embodiments, when the observation pier body is a steel pipe observation pier 1, the knob 401 is inserted into the steel pipe observation pier 1, the opening of the first mounting plate 101 is aligned with the opening of the second mounting plate 402, and the chassis bolt 102 is passed through the opening to fasten the first mounting plate 101 and the second mounting plate 402.

[0067] To further illustrate the beneficial effects of the present application in terms of less engineering effort and cost savings, the following is a calculation comparison of the mechanics and material usage of the conventional foundation and some embodiments:

[0068] First, according to the "Appendix D" of the "Technical Specifications for Safety Monitoring of Concrete Dams" (DL / T5178-2016), the waste dump belongs to the deep cover layer. Fig.15 As shown in the figure, the foundation size of the concrete observation pier should be at least 1.0m×1.0m×1.1m (length×width×height), and the foundation volume should be at least 1.1m 3 , the foundation pit is excavated with a slope of 45°, and the earth excavation volume is at least 1.6m 3 , the earth backfill volume is at least 0.5m 3 .

[0069] Furthermore, the waste dump is artificial fill. According to engineering experience, the characteristic bearing capacity of compacted artificial fill is N k Generally between 65KPa-120KPa, the characteristic value of bearing capacity is N k Represents the maximum pressure that the foundation can withstand. Due to the widespread under-compaction phenomenon in the waste dump, the bearing capacity characteristic value is relatively small. Therefore, in one embodiment, N k =30KPa, KPa is the unit of pressure, read as "kilopascal".

[0070] According to the relevant provisions of Chapter 5 "Pile Foundation Calculation" in the "Technical Specifications for Building Pile Foundations" (JGJ94-2008), the pile foundation bears the axial load, and the weight of the foundation and the upper part is jointly borne by the friction resistance around the pile and the bottom end resistance. The vertical bearing capacity characteristic value R of the expansion tube a =Q uk / K, when R a Not exceeding the characteristic bearing capacity of the foundation N k When the foundation is safe, take R a =N k =30KPa, reverse calculation of foundation volume V before critical failure 总 The minimum value of is calculated as follows:

[0071]

[0072] In formula 1-1: F is the weight of the external structure, i.e. the weight of the steel pipe observation pier 1, in KN; G is the weight of the expansion pipe, threaded pile 4 and filler 5, in KN; ρ is the average density of the foundation, in t / m 3 ; g—gravitational acceleration, 9.81N / kg; K—safety factor, K=2 according to the specification; Q uk —The standard value of the vertical ultimate bearing capacity of a single pile is calculated according to formula 1-2:

[0073]

[0074] Let u = 2π·r, A2 = π·r 2 Substituting into equation 1-2, we get:

[0075]

[0076] Base volume: V 总 =V1+V2 (Formula 1-4)

[0077] The sum of the volume of the expansion pipe and the threaded pile 4 V1 = π·r 2 l, the thickness of filler 5 is 5 cm, then the volume of filler 5 V2 = π·(r+0.05) 2 l-V1, so V 总 =π·(r+0.1) 2·l.

[0078] Convert equation 1-3 into a quadratic equation about r:

[0079]

[0080] Where: Q sk —The standard value of the ultimate lateral resistance, that is, the lateral friction between the side of the expansion tube and the foundation, also known as lateral friction resistance; Q pk —The standard value of the limit end resistance, that is, the end resistance generated by the bottom surface of the expansion tube. To ensure the safety margin, the calculation of one embodiment only considers the bottom area of ​​the expansion tube before expansion. The end resistance is smaller, and the result is safer. u—The circumference of the expansion tube; l—The length of the expansion tube, u·l is equal to the side surface area of ​​the expansion tube. To ensure the safety margin, the calculation of one embodiment only considers the original side surface area of ​​the expansion tube. r—The outer diameter of the expansion tube; q sk —Standard value of the ultimate resistance of the foundation, unit KPa; q pk —Standard value of ultimate end resistance of foundation, unit: KPa.

[0081] Solution 1-5, F = 2943KN (steel pipe observation pier 1 weighs 300kg), l = 5.0m, q sk =30KPa,q pk =30KPa, calculated r = 0.02m, V1 = 0.006m 3 ,V2=0.021m 3 ,V 总 =0.027m 3 .

[0082] Compared with the conventional base material usage of 1.1m 3 The basic dosage for this application is only 0.027m 3 , and no slope is required, so the earth excavation volume is also 0.027m 3 There is no backfilling volume, and this application produces the beneficial effects of less engineering workload and cost savings.

[0083] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution provides an observation pier installation method based on the expansion fixing effect. It does not require the excavation of a large foundation pit. It only requires drilling holes in the foundation, burying expansion tubes with expansion effect, pouring fillers, and screwing in threaded piles. The variable diameter section of the expansion tube expands as the threaded piles are screwed in, increasing the side friction resistance. At the same time, the bottom area of ​​the expansion tube increases, increasing the end resistance. There is no need to backfill soil. A steel pipe observation pier or a concrete observation pier can be installed on the top of the threaded pile. This solution has a clear principle, simple installation, and less engineering work, which improves work efficiency and saves costs.

[0084] Note that, unless otherwise directly stated, all features disclosed in this specification (including any attached claims, abstracts and drawings) may be replaced by alternative features for achieving the same, equivalent or similar purposes. Therefore, unless otherwise explicitly stated, each feature disclosed is only an example of a group of equivalent or similar features. Where used, further, preferably, further and more preferably are simple beginnings for elaborating another embodiment based on the aforementioned embodiment, and the content of the further, preferably, further or more preferably followed by the combination with the aforementioned embodiment constitutes a complete construction of another embodiment. Several further, preferably, further or more preferably settings following the same embodiment can be arbitrarily combined to form another embodiment.

[0085] In the implementation of functions and steps, the corresponding functions and steps in various embodiments may also occur in a different order than shown. For example, two consecutive functions and steps may actually be performed or implemented substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be performed or implemented in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved.

[0086] Although the present application has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements may be made to the present application. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present application all fall within the scope of protection claimed in the present application.

Claims

1. An observation pier based on expansion fixed effect, characterized in that: include: Observe the pier body and foundation, the foundation includes expansion pipes and threaded piles, wherein: The observation pier body is connected to the upper end of the threaded pile; The upper section of the expansion pipe is a section of equal diameter, the lower section is a section of variable diameter, and the inner wall of the expansion pipe is provided with an inner concave thread. A plurality of anti-sliding blocks are arranged around the outer wall of the diameter-changing section, the inner diameter of the diameter-changing section gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the thickness of the tube wall gradually increases. A split seam is arranged on the diameter-changing section, and the split seam divides the diameter-changing section into two semicircular tubes; The outer wall of the threaded pile is provided with an outer convex thread coupled with the inner concave thread of the inner wall of the expansion tube.

2. The observation pier based on expansion fixing effect according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The foundation also includes an anti-pullout component, which includes a pressure plate, a central circular hole, a ground nail hole, and a ground nail. The center of the pressure plate is provided with the central circular hole, and the equal-diameter section penetrates the central circular hole. A plurality of ground nail holes are provided around the central circular hole for penetrating the ground nails. The ground nail holes are inclined away from the axis of the expansion tube, and a plurality of ear plates are provided on the outer wall of the equal-diameter section for receiving the pressure plate. The pressure plate is prepared by using a reinforced concrete prefabricated plate.

3. The observation pier based on expansion fixing effect according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The threaded pile also includes a knob and a second mounting plate. The knob is connected to the top of the second mounting plate. The top of the threaded pile is connected to the second mounting plate. A through hole is provided on the side of the knob.

4. The observation pier based on expansion fixing effect according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The foundation also includes a filler, which is C15 concrete, or is prepared by using concrete, secondary graded sand and gravel, or tertiary graded sand and gravel. The filler is filled in the gap between the expansion tube and the foundation.

5. The observation pier based on expansion fixing effect according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The main body of the observation pier is a concrete observation pier, which is a solid prism or a prism, and is cast on the upper end of the threaded pile.

6. The observation pier based on expansion fixing effect according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The main body of the observation pier is a steel pipe observation pier, which includes a first mounting plate and chassis bolts. The steel pipe observation pier is a hollow cylinder or a truncated cone, and the knob is accommodated in the hollow part. The bottom of the steel pipe observation pier is a circular ring-shaped first mounting plate, and a plurality of openings are arranged around the first mounting plate for inserting the chassis bolts. The first mounting plate and the second mounting plate arranged at the upper end of the threaded pile are connected by chassis bolts.

7. The observation pier based on expansion fixing effect according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The concrete observation pier and the pressure plate are cast as one body.

8. The observation pier based on expansion fixing effect according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The expansion tube is made of recycled rubber or recycled plastic; The knob and the second mounting plate are weldable metal products, and the threaded pile is a solid reinforced concrete prefabricated component.

9. The observation pier based on expansion fixing effect according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A steel cage is arranged inside the threaded pile body, and the top of the steel cage is connected to the bottom of the second mounting plate.

10. The observation pier based on expansion fixing effect according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ground nails are iron products with galvanized surfaces for corrosion protection.

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