Channel full-section ultrasonic sand content measuring instrument

Abstract

The utility model discloses a channel full-section ultrasonic sand content measuring instrument, and aims to solve the problem that a hydrological test result is affected due to errors of a measurement result or fixed measurement points. According to the utility model, the two ultrasonic probes with different frequencies are used for detecting the sand content of the water body, the detection result is substituted into a function formula of the ultrasonic sand content to further obtain the sand content, and the sand content result is calibrated through the measurement values of the probes with different frequencies, so that the subsequent hydrological test result is not easily influenced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of hydrological measurement, and in particular relates to an ultrasonic sediment content measuring instrument for a full-section channel. Background Art

[0002] The measurement of sediment content is of great significance in the study of sediment movement laws in water diversion channels and rivers, turbine erosion in hydropower stations, and sediment production processes in watersheds in soil and water conservation projects. Nowadays, ultrasonic sediment content measuring instruments are usually used to measure the sediment content in channel water flows.

[0003] Commonly used ultrasonic sediment content instruments use single-frequency probes. When the sediment particle size in the water body changes, the sound wave attenuation law changes, and the sediment content results obtained using the original calibration value are prone to deviations. In addition, conventional ultrasonic sediment content probes are fixed and can only measure the sediment content at a certain point in the water body. For the sediment content detection of the Yellow River diversion channel, it is necessary to measure the sediment content at multiple points in a section and perform calculations to obtain the sediment content value of the channel section, providing technical support for hydrological testing. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present application proposes an ultrasonic sediment content measuring instrument for the entire cross section of a channel, which has the advantages of using probes of different frequencies and moving the probe positions, and is used to solve the problem that the hydrological test results are affected due to errors in the measurement results or fixed measurement points.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solution: a channel full-section ultrasonic sediment content measuring instrument, comprising:

[0006] A bridge body, wherein the number of the bridge bodies is two, and the two bridge bodies are both fixed across the upper side of the channel section, an assembly frame is fixedly installed at a position equidistantly transversely between the two bridge bodies, two parallel guide rails are fixedly installed at the bottom position of the inner side of the assembly frame, a measuring vehicle is arranged on the inner side of the assembly frame and at the upper side of the guide rails, and shaft supports are fixedly installed at the four corners of the bottom surface of the measuring vehicle, and the two shaft supports on the same side form a movable clamping connection with the corresponding guide rails;

[0007] A winch and a main unit of an ultrasonic sand content measuring instrument are arranged inside the measuring vehicle. An ultrasonic probe is arranged at the lower side of the measuring vehicle. Two probes with different frequencies are arranged on the ultrasonic probe. A cable is electrically connected between the main unit of the ultrasonic sand content measuring instrument and the ultrasonic probe. The cable inside the measuring vehicle is wound around the winch.

[0008] Furthermore, the guide rail is a cylindrical structure and is made of stainless steel.

[0009] Furthermore, an opening is provided in the middle position of the bottom of the assembly frame for allowing cables to pass through. Guide wheels are provided on the upper positions of both ends of the guide rails, and both sides of the guide wheels are rotationally connected with the bridge bodies in corresponding directions respectively. A guide motor is fixedly installed on the side of the bridge body facing away from the guide wheel, and one side of the guide wheel shaft is fixedly connected with the output end of the guide motor. A steel wire rope is wound around the circumferential side of the guide wheel, and the steel wire rope is fixedly connected between the circumferential side of the guide wheel and the side of the measuring vehicle in the corresponding direction.

[0010] Furthermore, a mounting piece is fixedly installed on the side of the measuring vehicle facing the guide wheel and corresponding to the position of the guide rail, the mounting piece is semi-enclosed at the upper side of the guide rail, a semi-annular scraper is arranged between the mounting piece and the guide rail, the semi-annular scraper faces the side of the guide rail and contacts the guide rail, a fixing block is fixed equidistantly in the circumferential direction on the side of the semi-annular scraper facing away from the guide rail, a latching tooth is fixed on the side of the fixing block facing away from the semi-annular scraper, a latching groove is provided inside the mounting piece, the latching tooth forms an active latching connection with the latching groove, and a passive device is rotatably installed inside the mounting piece and located on the upper side of the latching groove Gear, the gear teeth of the passive gear form a meshing connection with the latch teeth, a connecting shaft is rotatably installed inside the measuring vehicle and at a position between the passive gears on the same side, both ends of the connecting shaft are fixedly connected with the passive gears in the corresponding direction, the circumferential sides of the two connecting shafts are fixedly sleeved with transmission wheels, and the outer sides of the two transmission wheels are jointly transmission-installed with a transmission belt, a driving gear is fixedly sleeved on the circumferential side of the connecting shaft on one side, a power motor is fixedly installed inside the measuring vehicle and at a position corresponding to the driving gear, and the driving gear is transmission-connected to the output end of the power motor.

[0011] Furthermore, an axial scraper is provided on the side of the semi-annular scraper facing away from the measuring vehicle. The axial scraper is located in the middle of the side of the semi-annular scraper. The axial scraper contacts the guide rail on the side facing the guide rail.

[0012] Furthermore, the side surface of the semi-annular scraper is fixedly connected to the axial scraper.

[0013] Furthermore, the side surface of the semi-ring scraper is separately arranged from the axial scraper, a sliding cavity is provided on the side surface of the axial scraper facing the semi-ring scraper, a card block is movably connected in the sliding cavity, the side of the card block facing the semi-ring scraper is fixedly connected with the side surface of the semi-ring scraper, an elastic member is arranged in the sliding cavity and on the side of the card block facing away from the guide rail, both ends of the elastic member are fixedly connected to the card block and the inner wall of the sliding cavity, a contact member is fixedly installed on the side surface of the mounting member facing the guide rail, the side of the axial scraper facing the contact member is an arc surface, and the side of the axial scraper facing the contact member is in contact with the contact member.

[0014] Beneficial effects:

[0015] The present application provides an ultrasonic sediment content measuring instrument for a channel across its entire section. The instrument detects the sediment content of a water body by using two ultrasonic probes of different frequencies, and substitutes the detection results into a function formula of ultrasonic sediment content to obtain the sediment content. The measurement values ​​of the above-mentioned probes of different frequencies are used to calibrate the sediment content results, thereby making subsequent hydrological test results less likely to be affected.

[0016] Through the setting of the guide wheel and the wire rope, the guide wheel pulls the measuring vehicle to move to the upper side of the channel section through the wire rope. Through this action, the function of the mobile ultrasonic probe is realized, so that the ultrasonic probe can measure multiple points of the channel section, thereby further reducing the probability of subsequent hydrological test results being affected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the first embodiment of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic probe setting position in the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the second embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 For this utility model Figure 3 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at center A;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting member in the second embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 For this utility model Figure 5 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at B in the middle;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection state between the passive gear and the connecting shaft in the second embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting member in the third embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Fig. 9 For this utility model Figure 8 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point C in the middle.

[0026] In the figure: 1, bridge body; 2, assembly frame; 3, guide rail; 4, measuring vehicle; 5, shaft support; 6, ultrasonic probe; 7, guide wheel; 8, guide motor; 9, wire rope; 10, mounting part; 11, semi-ring scraper; 12, fixing block; 13, clamping tooth; 14, clamping groove; 15, passive gear; 16, connecting shaft; 17, transmission wheel; 18, transmission belt; 19, driving gear; 20, power motor; 21, axial scraper; 22, sliding cavity; 23, clamping block; 24, elastic part; 25, contact part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a channel full-section ultrasonic sediment content measuring instrument comprises a bridge body 1, the number of the bridge bodies 1 is two, the two bridge bodies 1 are fixed across the upper position of the channel section, an assembly frame 2 is fixedly installed at a position equidistantly transversely between the two bridge bodies 1, two parallel guide rails 3 are fixedly installed at the bottom position inside the assembly frame 2, the guide rail 3 is a cylindrical structure, and the guide rail 3 is made of stainless steel. A measuring vehicle 4 is arranged on the inner side of the assembly frame 2 and located on the upper side of the guide rail 3, and shaft supports 5 are fixedly installed at the four corners of the bottom surface of the measuring vehicle 4. The two shaft supports 5 on the same side form a sliding card connection with the corresponding guide rail 3. A winch and a host of the ultrasonic sediment content measuring instrument (existing technology, not shown in the figure) are arranged inside the measuring vehicle 4, an ultrasonic probe 6 is arranged at the lower side of the measuring vehicle 4, and two probes with different frequencies are arranged on the ultrasonic probe 6 (the probe frequencies are 1 MHz and 5 MHz respectively), and a cable is electrically connected between the host of the ultrasonic sediment content measuring instrument and the ultrasonic probe 6, and the cable inside the measuring vehicle 4 is wound on the winch.

[0030] When in use, the cable is gradually unwound by the winch, so that the ultrasonic probe 6 gradually extends into the canal water to a certain depth. After that, the winch stops, so that the host of the ultrasonic sediment content measuring instrument starts to work, so that the ultrasonic probe 6 emits and receives ultrasonic waves, and the host of the ultrasonic sediment content measuring instrument receives and records the ultrasonic signal. According to the formula (α is the attenuation coefficient, dB)( The sediment content is calculated by measuring the median particle size, μm)(θ is the sediment content, kilograms per cubic meter)(f is the sound wave frequency, Hz). The sediment content result is calibrated through the measurement values ​​of the above-mentioned probes with different frequencies, so that the subsequent hydrological test results are not easily affected.

[0031] Since the median particle size of sediment in the Yellow River is generally less than 100 μm, the present invention is to detect the sediment content with a median particle size of less than 100 μm. Based on the calculated value of experimental data, the present invention uses two sets of probes with frequencies of 1 MHz and 5 MHz, respectively. According to the median particle size and sediment content in Table 1, 400 sets of samples are configured to obtain the ultrasonic attenuation coefficients α of the 400 sets of samples. i , i=1~400.

[0032] Table 1 Measurement sample combination

[0033]

[0034] Testing process:

[0035] (1) Use 1MHz and 5MHz probes to detect the attenuation coefficient α in water. 1 , α 5 .

[0036] (2) Calculate y separately i =|α1-α i |+|α2-α i |, i=1~400, when y i When the value is the smallest, the median particle size and sediment content corresponding to the i-th group of sediment are the median particle size of the measured sample. and the initial sediment content θ.

[0037] (3) After the initial measurement of sediment content, the 5 MHz probe measurement value interpolation calibration is performed.

[0038] Assume α 5 Greater than α i , the attenuation coefficient α of the i-th and i+1-th group of sediment corresponding to the 5MHz probe measurement i and α i+1 , the corresponding sand content is θ i and θ i+1 , in the interval α i With α i+1 The sediment content θ changes linearly with the attenuation coefficient.

[0039] The final measured sediment content

[0040] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2An opening is provided in the middle of the bottom of the assembly frame 2 for passing the cable. Guide wheels 7 are provided on the upper sides of both ends of the guide rails 3. Both sides of the guide wheels 7 are rotationally connected with the bridge body 1 in the corresponding directions. A guide motor 8 is fixedly installed on the side of the bridge body 1 facing away from the guide wheel 7. The guide motor 8 is externally connected to a 220V industrial power supply. One side of the rotating shaft of the guide wheel 7 is fixedly connected with the output end of the guide motor 8. A steel wire rope 9 is wound around the circumferential side of the guide wheel 7. One end of the steel wire rope 9 is fixedly connected to the circumferential side of the guide wheel 7, and the other end of the steel wire rope 9 is fixedly connected to the side of the measuring vehicle 4 in the corresponding direction.

[0041] After the ultrasonic probe 6 measures the sediment content of a channel water, the guide motor 8 drives the guide wheel 7 to rotate, so that the guide wheel 7 pulls the measuring vehicle 4 to move to the upper side of the channel section through the wire rope. Through this action, the function of moving the ultrasonic probe 6 is realized. After that, the guide motor 8 is stopped, so that the ultrasonic probe 6 is fixed at the current position, and the channel water is measured again. Through the above action, the ultrasonic probe 6 can measure multiple points of the channel section, thereby further reducing the probability of subsequent hydrological test results being affected.

[0042] The interior of the measuring vehicle 4 is provided with an external remote transmission module and a 4G card (existing technology, not shown in the figure), the external remote transmission module forms a communication connection with the host of the ultrasonic sand content measuring instrument, the interior of the measuring vehicle 4 is provided with a PLC and a touch screen control device (existing technology, not shown in the figure), the PLC and the touch screen control device form a communication connection with the guide motor 8, and the internal power supply of the measuring vehicle 4 is installed with solar panels and batteries (existing technology, not shown in the figure), which are used to supply power to the host, winch, external remote transmission module, PLC and touch screen control device of the ultrasonic sand content measuring instrument.

[0043] Solar panels and batteries are used for power supply. At the same time, since the measuring vehicle 4 adopts PLC and touch screen control devices inside, it plays the role of controlling the number of rotations of the guide wheel 7, that is, the horizontal position of the measuring vehicle 4 on the guide rail 3 is controlled by PLC. Through the external remote transmission module and 4G card, real-time data can be transmitted to the mobile phone through the network for real-time viewing.

[0044] Embodiment 2

[0045] See also Figure 1-Figure 7This embodiment is a further improvement of the first embodiment, and the improvement lies in that: a mounting member 10 is fixedly installed on the side of the measuring vehicle 4 facing the guide wheel 7 and corresponding to the position of the guide rail 3, the mounting member 10 is semi-enclosed at the upper side of the guide rail 3, a semi-ring scraper 11 is arranged between the mounting member 10 and the guide rail 3, the semi-ring scraper 11 contacts the guide rail 3 facing the side of the guide rail 3, a fixing block 12 is welded equidistantly on the side of the semi-ring scraper 11 facing away from the guide rail 3, a clamping tooth 13 is welded on the side of the fixing block 12 facing away from the semi-ring scraper 11, the length of the fixing block 12 is less than the length of the clamping tooth 13, a clamping groove 14 is provided inside the mounting member 10, the clamping tooth 13 forms a sliding clamping connection with the clamping groove 14, and a passive gear 15 is rotatably installed inside the mounting member 10 and located on the upper side of the clamping groove 14, The gear teeth of the passive gear 15 are meshed with the latch teeth 13. A connecting shaft 16 is rotatably installed inside the measuring vehicle 4 and between the passive gears 15 on the same side. Both ends of the connecting shaft 16 extend into the mounting member 10 in the corresponding direction and are welded and fixed to the center position of the passive gear 15 in the corresponding direction. A transmission wheel 17 is fixedly sleeved on the circumferential sides of the two connecting shafts 16. A transmission belt 18 is installed on the outer sides of the two transmission wheels 17 for common transmission. A driving gear 19 is fixedly sleeved on the circumferential side of the connecting shaft 16 on one side. A power motor 20 (such as a combination of a forward and reverse motor and a gear) is fixedly installed inside the measuring vehicle 4 and at a position corresponding to the driving gear 19. The driving gear 19 is transmission-connected to the output end of the power motor 20, and power is supplied to the power motor 20 through the solar panel and the battery.

[0046] In the process of the measuring vehicle 4 being driven by the steel wire rope 9, the power motor 20 performs an incomplete reciprocating rotation (such as the forward and reverse motors drive the gears to rotate half a circle), so that the driving gear 19 drives the connecting shaft 16, the corresponding passive gear 15 and the transmission wheel 17 on one side to rotate. At the same time, the transmission wheel 17 drives the connecting shaft 16 and the corresponding passive gear 15 on the other side to rotate through the transmission belt 18. The rotating passive gear 15 drives the semi-annular scraper 11 to reciprocate on the upper side of the guide rail 3 through the latch teeth 13, so that the dust accumulated on the upper side of the guide rail 3 will be scraped off by the semi-annular scraper 11, and with the reciprocating rotation of the semi-annular scraper 11, a moving trend is generated, prompting the dust to leave the guide rail 3. Through the above-mentioned action, the probability of dust entering between the shaft support 5 and the upper side of the guide rail 3 when the measuring vehicle 4 moves is reduced (because the measuring vehicle 4 applies pressure to the shaft support 5, the contact force between the shaft support 5 and the upper side of the guide rail 3 is greater, and when dust enters, the wear of the two is greater), and the wear of the two is reduced, so that the service life of the device is increased.

[0047] See also Figure 1-Figure 7An axial scraper 21 is welded on the side of the semi-annular scraper 11 facing away from the measuring vehicle 4. The axial scraper 21 is located in the middle of the side of the semi-annular scraper 11. The axial scraper 21 contacts the guide rail 3 toward one side of the guide rail 3.

[0048] During the reciprocating rotation of the semi-annular scraper 11 , the axial scraper 21 rotates synchronously, thereby driving the dust scraped off by the semi-annular scraper 11 to rotate, making it easier for the dust to escape from the guide rail 3 .

[0049] Embodiment 3

[0050] See also Figure 1-Figure 9 This embodiment is a further improvement of the second embodiment, and the improvement lies in that: the side of the semi-annular scraper 11 is separated from the axial scraper 21, and a sliding cavity 22 is provided on the side of the axial scraper 21 facing the semi-annular scraper 11, and a clamping block 23 is slidably connected in the sliding cavity 22, and the clamping block 23 extends out of the sliding cavity 22 toward one side of the semi-annular scraper 11, and is welded and fixed to the side of the semi-annular scraper 11, and an elastic member 24 is provided in the sliding cavity 22 and at a side position of the clamping block 23 facing away from the guide rail 3, one end of the elastic member 24 is fixedly connected to the clamping block 23, and the other end of the elastic member 24 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding cavity 22, and a contact member 25 is fixedly installed on the side of the mounting member 10 facing the guide rail 3, and the side of the axial scraper 21 facing the contact member 25 is an arc surface, and the side of the axial scraper 21 facing the contact member 25 contacts the contact member 25.

[0051] During the reciprocating rotation of the semi-annular scraper 11 and the axial scraper 21, when the axial scraper 21 rotates to one side to a certain position, the axial scraper 21 is separated from the contact piece 25, so that the elastic piece 24 drives the axial scraper 21 to separate from the guide rail 3. After that, when the axial scraper 21 rotates and contacts the contact piece 25 again, it drives the axial scraper 21 to contact the guide rail 3 again and compresses the elastic piece 24. Through the above action, the axial scraper 21 drives the contacted dust to produce a radial movement trend, which makes it easier for the dust to leave the guide rail 3.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic sediment content measuring instrument for the entire section of a channel, characterized in that: include: A bridge body (1), wherein the number of the bridge bodies (1) is two, the two bridge bodies (1) are both fixedly mounted on the upper side of a channel section, an assembly frame (2) is fixedly mounted at a laterally equidistant position between the two bridge bodies (1), two parallel guide rails (3) are fixedly mounted at the bottom of the inner side of the assembly frame (2), a measuring vehicle (4) is arranged on the inner side of the assembly frame (2) and at the upper side of the guide rails (3), axle supports (5) are fixedly mounted at the four corners of the bottom surface of the measuring vehicle (4), and two axle supports (5) on the same side are movably engaged with the corresponding guide rails (3); A winch and a main unit of an ultrasonic sand content measuring instrument are arranged inside the measuring vehicle (4); an ultrasonic probe (6) is arranged at the lower side of the measuring vehicle (4); two probes of different frequencies are arranged on the ultrasonic probe (6); a cable is electrically connected between the main unit of the ultrasonic sand content measuring instrument and the ultrasonic probe (6); and the cable inside the measuring vehicle (4) is wound around the winch.

2. The ultrasonic sediment content measuring instrument for the entire channel section according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The guide rail (3) is a cylindrical structure and is made of stainless steel.

3. The ultrasonic sediment content measuring instrument for the entire channel section according to claim 2 is characterized in that: An opening is provided in the middle of the bottom of the assembly frame (2) for passing cables. Guide wheels (7) are provided at the upper positions of both ends of the guide rail (3). Both sides of the guide wheel (7) are rotationally connected to the bridge body (1) in the corresponding direction. A guide motor (8) is fixedly mounted on the side of the bridge body (1) facing away from the guide wheel (7). One side of the guide wheel (7) shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the guide motor (8). A steel wire rope (9) is wound around the circumferential side of the guide wheel (7). The steel wire rope (9) is fixedly connected to the circumferential side of the guide wheel (7) and the side of the measuring vehicle (4) in the corresponding direction.

4. The ultrasonic sediment content measuring instrument for the entire channel section according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The measuring vehicle (4) is fixedly mounted with a mounting member (10) on the side facing the guide wheel (7) and at a position corresponding to the guide rail (3); the mounting member (10) is arranged in a semi-enclosed manner at an upper position of the guide rail (3); a semi-annular scraper (11) is arranged between the mounting member (10) and the guide rail (3); the semi-annular scraper (11) contacts the guide rail (3) on the side facing the guide rail (3); fixed blocks (12) are fixed equidistantly in the circumferential direction on the side of the semi-annular scraper (11) facing away from the guide rail (3); a latching tooth (13) is fixed on the side of the fixed block (12) facing away from the semi-annular scraper (11); a latching groove (14) is provided inside the mounting member (10); the latching tooth (13) is movably engaged with the latching groove (14); the mounting member (10) is rotated inside and located at an upper position of the latching groove (14) A passive gear (15) is installed, the gear teeth of the passive gear (15) are meshed with the latch teeth (13), a connecting shaft (16) is rotatably installed inside the measuring vehicle (4) and between the passive gears (15) on the same side, both ends of the connecting shaft (16) are fixedly connected to the passive gears (15) in the corresponding direction, a transmission wheel (17) is fixedly sleeved on the circumferential sides of the two connecting shafts (16), a transmission belt (18) is commonly installed on the outer sides of the two transmission wheels (17), a driving gear (19) is fixedly sleeved on the circumferential side of the connecting shaft (16) on one side, a power motor (20) is fixedly installed inside the measuring vehicle (4) and at a position corresponding to the driving gear (19), and the driving gear (19) is transmission-connected to the output end of the power motor (20).

5. The ultrasonic sediment content measuring instrument for the entire channel section according to claim 4 is characterized in that: An axial scraper (21) is provided on the side of the semi-annular scraper (11) facing away from the measuring vehicle (4), the axial scraper (21) being located in the middle of the side of the semi-annular scraper (11), and the axial scraper (21) contacts the guide rail (3) facing the side of the guide rail (3).

6. The ultrasonic sediment content measuring instrument for the entire channel section according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The side surface of the semi-annular scraper (11) is fixedly connected to the axial scraper (21).

7. The ultrasonic sediment content measuring instrument for the entire channel section according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The side surface of the semi-annular scraper (11) is arranged separately from the axial scraper (21); a sliding cavity (22) is provided on the side surface of the axial scraper (21) facing the semi-annular scraper (11); a clamping block (23) is movably clamped in the sliding cavity (22); the side of the clamping block (23) facing the semi-annular scraper (11) is fixedly connected to the side surface of the semi-annular scraper (11); an elastic member (24) is arranged in the sliding cavity (22) and located on a side of the clamping block (23) facing away from the guide rail (3); two ends of the elastic member (24) are fixedly connected to the clamping block (23) and the inner wall of the sliding cavity (22); a contact member (25) is fixedly mounted on the side surface of the mounting member (10) facing the guide rail (3); the side of the axial scraper (21) facing the contact member (25) is arranged as an arc surface; the side of the axial scraper (21) facing the contact member (25) is in contact with the contact member (25).

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