Tightening device and automatic tightening mechanism for heavy vehicle rim

Abstract

The utility model relates to a tightening device and an automatic tightening mechanism for a heavy vehicle rim. The tightening device comprises a support, a plurality of tightening assemblies arranged on the support and used for tightening bolts on the rim of the heavy vehicle, and a servo variable-pitch unit arranged on the support and used for adjusting the positions of the tightening assemblies. The first camera module is arranged on the support and used for collecting the relative position of the rim of the heavy vehicle and the central axis of the tightening assemblies, and the second camera module is arranged on the support and used for collecting the relative position of a bolt on the rim of the heavy vehicle and the phase angle of the tightening assemblies. The automatic tightening mechanism comprises a tightening device and a robot electrically connected with the tightening device. Compared with the prior art, space relative positions of the tightening assemblies and the rim of the heavy vehicle and plane relative positions of each group of symmetrical bolts on the rim of the heavy vehicle and the tightening shaft are collected through the camera module, so that the positioning precision is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of optomechanical and electrical integration automatic assembly, in particular to a tightening device and an automatic tightening mechanism for a heavy vehicle rim. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing development of diversified and customized demands in the market, heavy-duty wheeled vehicles have gradually shifted from single-variety mass production to multi-variety small-batch, sales-driven order production management. At present, the automatic production of the rim tightening process of multi-variety small-batch heavy-duty wheeled vehicles is limited by the following objective factors: (1) Due to the large number of heavy-duty wheeled vehicles in demand on the market, there is an urgent need for a tightening device with strong compatibility to achieve automatic tightening of multiple rims through a set of tightening devices. (2) Due to the market demand for multiple varieties and small batches, the production line must frequently change models for production, which requires the production line change time to be shortened, which must generally be completed within 30 seconds. (3) The spatial phases of the four rims of each heavy-duty wheeled vehicle are uncertain, and it is impossible to use an array to achieve automatic tightening of the entire vehicle. (4) During the tightening process, the spatial positioning accuracy is required to be less than + / -0.5 mm, which is a relatively high positioning accuracy and difficult to achieve. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a tightening device and an automatic tightening mechanism for a heavy vehicle rim in order to overcome the defects in the prior art.

[0004] The purpose of the utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] One of the technical solutions of the utility model is to provide a tightening device for the rim of a heavy vehicle, comprising a bracket, a plurality of tightening assemblies arranged on the bracket and used to tighten bolts on the rim of the heavy vehicle, a servo variable pitch unit arranged on the bracket and used to adjust the positions of the plurality of tightening assemblies, a first camera module arranged on the bracket and used to collect the relative positions of the rim of the heavy vehicle and the central axes of the plurality of tightening assemblies, and a second camera module arranged on the bracket and used to collect the relative positions of the phase angles of the bolts on the rim of the heavy vehicle and the plurality of tightening assemblies.

[0006] In some specific embodiments, a movable groove for displacement of the tightening assembly is provided on the bracket, and guide rails slidably connected to the tightening assembly are provided on opposite sides of the bracket. The tightening assembly is placed in the movable groove and moves along the guide rails.

[0007] In some specific embodiments, the tightening assembly includes a slide plate slidably connected to the guide rail, and a tightening shaft disposed on the slide plate and passing through the movable groove.

[0008] In some specific embodiments, a bolt tightening hole matching the bolt on the rim of the heavy vehicle is formed at one end of the tightening shaft.

[0009] In some specific embodiments, the tightening assembly is provided in two groups, and the connecting line of the tightening axes in the two tightening assemblies is parallel to the guide rail.

[0010] In some specific embodiments, the first camera module is a 3D camera.

[0011] In some embodiments, the second camera module is a 2D camera.

[0012] A second technical solution of the utility model is to provide an automatic tightening mechanism for a heavy vehicle rim, comprising a tightening device as described in one of the above technical solutions, and a robot electrically connected to the tightening device.

[0013] In some specific embodiments, a mounting plate for connecting to the robot is provided at one end of the tightening assembly.

[0014] In some embodiments, the robot is connected to a PLC controller.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) The utility model uses the first camera module to collect the spatial relative position of each tightening assembly and the rim of the heavy vehicle, so as to further align the tightening shaft with the spatial position of each rim to ensure that the axes of the two are coaxial, and the positioning accuracy is + / -0.5 mm.

[0017] (2) The utility model uses a second camera module to collect the relative positions of each group of symmetrical bolts and the tightening shaft on the rim of a heavy vehicle, so as to further make the phase angle of the tightening shaft completely consistent with the corresponding group of bolts, thereby improving accuracy.

[0018] (3) The utility model can be applied to tightening bolts on rims of heavy vehicles of various specifications and has a wide range of applications.

[0019] (4) The utility model can be automated, which greatly improves the work efficiency while improving the accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 1 of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 2 of the utility model.

[0022] The following are marked in the figure:

[0023] 1 is a bracket, 2 is a first camera module, 3 is a second camera module, 4 is a servo variable pitch unit, 5 is a tightening shaft, 6 is a mounting plate, 7 is a guide rail, 8 is a robot, and 9 is a heavy vehicle rim. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and a specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0025] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0026] In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0027] In the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, functional components or structures are conventional components or conventional structures used in the art to achieve corresponding functions.

[0028] Embodiment 1:

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, a tightening device for a heavy vehicle rim includes a bracket 1, a plurality of tightening assemblies arranged on the bracket 1 and used for tightening bolts on the heavy vehicle rim 9, a servo variable pitch unit 4 arranged on the bracket 1 and used for adjusting the positions of the plurality of tightening assemblies, a first camera module 2 arranged on the bracket 1 and used for acquiring the relative positions of the heavy vehicle rim 9 and the central axes of the plurality of tightening assemblies, and a second camera module 3 arranged on the bracket 1 and used for acquiring the relative positions of the phase angles of the bolts on the heavy vehicle rim 9 and the plurality of tightening assemblies.

[0030] This technical solution adjusts the distance between several tightening components through a servo variable pitch unit 4 such as a conventional crank rocker mechanism, so that the tightening components are aligned with the spatial axis of the heavy vehicle rim 9 on the one hand, and correspond one-to-one with the bolts on the heavy vehicle rim 9 on the other hand, greatly improving the operation accuracy.

[0031] In this embodiment, a movable groove for the displacement of the tightening assembly is provided on the bracket 1, and guide rails 7 slidably connected to the tightening assembly are provided on the opposite sides of the bracket 1. The tightening assembly is placed in the movable groove and moves along the guide rail 7 to provide space for the displacement of the tightening assembly.

[0032] In this embodiment, the tightening assembly includes a slide plate slidably connected to the guide rail 7 and a tightening shaft 5 disposed on the slide plate and passing through the movable groove.

[0033] In this embodiment, a bolt tightening hole matching with the bolt on the rim 9 of the heavy vehicle is formed at one end of the tightening shaft 5 .

[0034] In this embodiment, the tightening assembly is provided with two groups, and the connecting line of the tightening shafts 5 in the two tightening assemblies is parallel to the guide rail 7 to ensure that the pitch circle of the tightening shaft 5 is completely consistent with the pitch circle of each group of bolts on the heavy vehicle rim 9.

[0035] In this embodiment, the first camera module 2 is a 3D camera, which uses 3D camera technology to collect information on the relative spatial positions of the heavy vehicle rim 9 and the central axes of the plurality of tightening assemblies.

[0036] In this embodiment, the second camera module 3 is a 2D camera, which collects information on the relative planar positions of the phase angles of a group of bolts and the two groups of tightening assemblies on the rim 9 of the heavy vehicle.

[0037] Embodiment 2:

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, an automatic tightening mechanism for a heavy vehicle rim includes the tightening device provided in Example 1 and a robot connected to the tightening device.

[0039] In this embodiment, a mounting plate 6 for connecting to the robot 8 is provided at one end of the tightening assembly.

[0040] In this embodiment, the robot 8 is connected to the PLC controller. Exemplarily, the robot 8 is provided with an MES system. The information collected by the 3D camera and the 2D camera are respectively input into the MES system. The MES system calculates the position parameters according to the transmitted workpiece information, and mobilizes the servo variable pitch unit 4 through the PLC controller to adjust the position of the tightening component according to the established process recipe, so that the pitch circle of the tightening shaft 5 is completely consistent with the pitch circle of the bolt on the heavy vehicle rim 9.

[0041] The tightening process of the utility model is as follows:

[0042] In the first step, the robot 8 moves the tightening device to the front of the heavy vehicle rim 9 to be tightened.

[0043] In the second step, the 3D camera takes a picture of the heavy vehicle rim 9 and calculates the spatial position parameters of the two sets of tightening components and the heavy vehicle rim 9 according to the MES system. After receiving the spatial coordinates, the robot 8 moves the tightening shaft 5 for compensation to ensure that the tightening shaft 5 and the spatial axis of the heavy vehicle rim 9 remain coaxial.

[0044] In the third step, the 2D camera takes pictures of all the bolts on the heavy vehicle rim 9 and calculates the plane position parameters of the two sets of tightening components and the current set of bolts to be tightened according to the MES system. After receiving the spatial coordinates, the robot 8 moves the tightening axis 5 for compensation to ensure that the tightening axis 5 is completely coaxial with the current bolt to be tightened.

[0045] In the fourth step, the PLC controller mobilizes the two tightening shafts 5 to automatically complete the tightening process according to the established tightening process formula.

[0046] Repeat the second step and the fourth step until all the bolts on the heavy vehicle rim 9 are completely tightened.

[0047] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and use of the utility model by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those familiar with the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the utility model without departing from the scope of the utility model should be within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. A tightening device for a heavy vehicle rim, characterized in that: The invention comprises a support (1), a plurality of tightening assemblies arranged on the support (1) and used for tightening bolts on a heavy vehicle wheel rim (9), a servo variable pitch unit (4) arranged on the support (1) and used for adjusting the positions of the plurality of tightening assemblies, a first camera module (2) arranged on the support (1) and used for collecting the relative positions of the heavy vehicle wheel rim (9) and the central axes of the plurality of tightening assemblies, and a second camera module (3) arranged on the support (1) and used for collecting the relative positions of the phase angles of the bolts on the heavy vehicle wheel rim (9) and the plurality of tightening assemblies.

2. A tightening device for a heavy vehicle rim according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket (1) is provided with a movable groove for the displacement of the tightening assembly, and two opposite sides of the bracket (1) are provided with guide rails (7) slidably connected to the tightening assembly. The tightening assembly is placed in the movable groove and moves along the direction of the guide rails (7).

3. A tightening device for a heavy vehicle rim according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tightening assembly comprises a slide plate slidably connected to the guide rail (7), and a tightening shaft (5) disposed on the slide plate and passing through the movable groove.

4. A tightening device for a heavy vehicle rim according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the tightening shaft (5) is provided with a bolt tightening hole matching the bolt on the heavy vehicle rim (9).

5. A tightening device for a heavy vehicle rim according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tightening assembly is provided with two groups, and the connecting line of the tightening shafts (5) in the two tightening assemblies is parallel to the guide rail (7).

6. A tightening device for a heavy vehicle rim according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first camera module (2) is a 3D camera.

7. A tightening device for a heavy vehicle rim according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second camera module (3) is a 2D camera.

8. An automatic tightening mechanism for a heavy vehicle rim, characterized in that: It comprises a tightening device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, and a robot (8) electrically connected to the tightening device.

9. The automatic tightening mechanism for a heavy vehicle rim according to claim 8, characterized in that: One end of the tightening assembly is provided with a mounting plate (6) for connecting to the robot (8).

10. The automatic tightening mechanism for a heavy vehicle rim according to claim 8, characterized in that: The robot (8) is connected to a PLC controller.

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