Vehicle electromagnet anti-overheating protection control circuit

Abstract

The utility model provides a vehicle electromagnet anti-overheating protection control circuit, which relates to the technical field of control circuits, and is characterized in that one end of an electromagnetic coil is electrically connected with the positive electrode of a power supply, the other end of the electromagnetic coil is electrically connected with the source electrode of an MOS tube Q2, the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the power supply, and the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is electrically connected with the control end of a control chip U1; the control end of the control chip U1 is grounded through a capacitor C1; the power supply end of the control chip U1 is electrically connected with the chip power supply, the chip power supply is electrically connected with the signal feedback end of the control chip U1 through the capacitor C2 and the capacitor C3, and the signal feedback end of the control chip U1 is electrically connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q2. When long-time attraction of the electromagnet is guaranteed, the control chip U1 controls the MOS transistor Q2 through a PWM signal, original long-time conduction of the electromagnetic coil is changed into staged conduction, the conduction time of the electromagnetic coil is shortened, and heating of the electromagnetic coil is restrained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of new energy vehicle control circuits, and in particular to a vehicle electromagnet overheat protection control circuit. Background Art

[0002] New energy vehicles are becoming more and more common nowadays. There are many control solenoid valves used in new energy vehicles, such as the opening and closing structure of the charging cover, the opening and closing structure of the armrest box or the rear image screen on the new energy vehicle. In order to match the intelligent control system of the new energy vehicle, the above-mentioned structures all use control solenoid valves to match the intelligent control system of the new energy vehicle.

[0003] The existing control solenoid valve is powered by energizing the two ends of the electromagnetic coil, which then causes the electromagnet to close. However, when the electromagnetic coil is powered, its current can often reach more than 15A. If it is powered for a long time, the electromagnetic coil will heat up severely and cause ignition accidents. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is that the electromagnetic coil in the control magnetic valve will generate serious heat when it is attracted for a long time. In order to overcome the defects of the above prior art, the utility model provides a vehicle electromagnet anti-overheating protection control circuit.

[0005] The utility model provides a vehicle electromagnet overheat protection control circuit, comprising an electromagnetic coil, a MOS tube Q2, and a control circuit, wherein the control circuit comprises a control chip U1, a capacitor C2, and a capacitor C3;

[0006] One end of the electromagnetic coil is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, the other end of the electromagnetic coil is electrically connected to the source of the MOS tube Q2, the drain of the MOS tube Q2 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the power supply, the gate of the MOS tube Q2 is electrically connected to the control end of the control chip U1, and the control end of the control chip U1 is grounded through the capacitor C1;

[0007] The power supply end of the control chip U1 is electrically connected to the chip power supply, and the chip power supply is electrically connected to the signal feedback end of the control chip U1 through capacitors C2 and C3 respectively. The signal feedback end of the control chip U1 is electrically connected to the drain of the MOS tube Q2, and the ground end of the control chip U1 is grounded.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a vehicle electromagnet overheat protection control circuit, which has the following advantages: when ensuring that the electromagnet can be attracted for a long time, the control chip U1 controls the MOS tube Q2 through the PWM signal, and changes the original long-term conduction of the electromagnetic coil to a staged conduction, thereby reducing the power-on time of the electromagnetic coil and suppressing the heating of the electromagnetic coil; at the same time, the feedback signal formed by the capacitor C2 and the capacitor C3 is sent to the control chip U1, and the control chip U1 can adjust the PWM signal used to control the MOS tube Q2 according to the feedback signal, thereby ensuring that the electromagnet can be attracted for a long time without being disconnected.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the control circuit further includes a voltage stabilizing chip Q1, the positive electrode of the power supply is electrically connected to the input end of the voltage stabilizing chip Q1, the input end of the voltage stabilizing chip Q1 is electrically connected to the control end of the control chip U1 through a resistor R2, the control end of the control chip U1 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D5, the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D5 is electrically connected to the drain of the MOS tube Q2, the ground end of the voltage stabilizing chip Q1 is grounded, the output end of the voltage stabilizing chip Q1 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the diode D3, and the negative electrode of the diode D3 is electrically connected to the power supply end of the control chip U1.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the voltage stabilizing chip Q1 converts the power supply into a stable voltage to supply power to the control chip U1, thereby ensuring that the control chip U1 can work stably and also reducing the settings of the chip power supply.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, an overvoltage protection circuit is electrically connected between the positive electrode of the power supply and the control circuit, and the overvoltage protection circuit includes a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a diode D1, a voltage stabilizing diode D2, a transistor Q4, and a transistor Q5;

[0012] The positive electrode of the power supply is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the diode D1, the negative electrode of the diode D1 is electrically connected to the collector of the transistor Q4, the collector of the transistor Q4 is electrically connected to the base of the transistor Q4 through the resistor R4, and the emitter of the transistor Q4 is electrically connected to the input end of the voltage regulator chip Q1;

[0013] The cathode of the diode D1 is electrically connected to the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D2, the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode D2 is electrically connected to the base of the transistor Q5 through the resistor R3, the collector of the transistor Q5 is electrically connected to the base of the transistor Q4, and the emitter of the transistor Q5 is electrically connected to the drain of the MOS transistor Q2.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the power supply voltage will fluctuate. The overvoltage protection circuit can effectively prevent high voltage from entering the control chip U1, thereby preventing the control chip U1 from burning and causing the entire control magnetic valve to fail.

[0015] In a possible implementation manner, both the transistor Q4 and the transistor Q5 are NPN transistors.

[0016] In a possible implementation manner, an anti-reverse connection circuit is electrically connected between the drain of the MOS tube Q2 and the negative electrode of the power supply, and the anti-reverse connection circuit includes a MOS tube Q3, a voltage stabilizing diode D4, a resistor R1, and a resistor R5;

[0017] The drain of the MOS tube Q2 is electrically connected to the source of the MOS tube Q3, the drain of the MOS tube Q3 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the power supply, the gate of the MOS tube Q3 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the voltage regulator diode D4, the positive electrode of the voltage regulator diode D4 is electrically connected to the drain of the MOS tube Q2, the resistor R5 is connected in parallel to both ends of the voltage regulator diode D4, and the gate of the MOS tube Q3 is electrically connected to the input end of the voltage regulator chip Q1 through the resistor R1;

[0018] The source of the MOS transistor Q2 is electrically connected to the anode of the diode D6, and the cathode of the diode D6 is electrically connected to the anode of the power supply.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the anti-reverse connection circuit can effectively prevent the entire control solenoid valve from being burned due to reverse connection of the positive and negative poles of the power supply, thereby improving the integrity of the entire control solenoid valve.

[0020] In a possible implementation manner, both the MOS transistor Q2 and the MOS transistor Q3 are N-type MOS transistors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 The utility model is a circuit diagram of a vehicle electromagnet overheat protection control circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] First, those skilled in the art should understand that these implementations are only used to explain the technical principles of the embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make adjustments to them as needed to adapt to specific application scenarios.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0024] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] See also Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present application discloses a vehicle electromagnet overheat protection control circuit, including an electromagnetic coil, a MOS tube Q2, and a control circuit. The control circuit includes a control chip U1, a capacitor C2, and a capacitor C3.

[0026] One end of the electromagnetic coil is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, the other end of the electromagnetic coil is electrically connected to the source of the MOS tube Q2, the drain of the MOS tube Q2 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the power supply, the gate of the MOS tube Q2 is electrically connected to the control end of the control chip U1, and the control end of the control chip U1 is grounded through the capacitor C1.

[0027] The power supply end of the control chip U1 is electrically connected to the chip power supply, and the chip power supply is electrically connected to the signal feedback end of the control chip U1 through capacitors C2 and C3 respectively. The signal feedback end of the control chip U1 is electrically connected to the drain of the MOS tube Q2, and the ground end of the control chip U1 is grounded.

[0028] When ensuring that the electromagnet is attracted for a long time, the control chip U1 controls the MOS tube Q2 through the PWM signal, and changes the original long-term conduction of the electromagnetic coil to a staged conduction, thereby reducing the power-on time of the electromagnetic coil and suppressing the heating of the electromagnetic coil; at the same time, the feedback signal formed by the capacitor C2 and the capacitor C3 is sent to the control chip U1, and the control chip U1 adjusts the PWM signal used to control the MOS tube Q2 according to the feedback signal, thereby ensuring that the electromagnet can be attracted for a long time without disconnection.

[0029] In actual use, the electromagnetic coil only needs to be powered on for a certain period of time and powered off for a certain period of time to keep the electromagnet in the attracted state.

[0030] Specifically, the control end of the control chip U1 only energizes the electromagnetic coil 10 times within one minute, and each time the energization time is maintained for 60ms, so that the electromagnet can continue to protect the attracted state.

[0031] At the same time, if the electromagnetic coil is actually energized more than 10 times within one minute, the control chip U1 can be self-locked for 1 minute, so that the control end of the control chip U1 continuously outputs a low level and cuts off the power supply to the electromagnetic coil, so as to achieve the purpose of suppressing the rapid increase in temperature of the electromagnetic coil.

[0032] Since the external power supply is instantaneous, the timing and power-on times statistics of the control chip U1 are maintained by internal capacitors, that is, by detecting how many times the signal feedback end of the control chip U1 is at a low level.

[0033] The control chip U1 needs to work for a long time, so its power supply terminal is preferably electrically connected to a chip power supply, and the control chip U1 works in an ultra-low power consumption mode. The control chip U1 only needs to be able to detect and process information, which is most chips in the prior art.

[0034] In this embodiment, the control circuit also includes a voltage stabilizing chip Q1, the positive electrode of the power supply is electrically connected to the input end of the voltage stabilizing chip Q1, the input end of the voltage stabilizing chip Q1 is electrically connected to the control end of the control chip U1 through the resistor R2, the control end of the control chip U1 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D5, the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D5 is electrically connected to the drain of the MOS tube Q2, the ground end of the voltage stabilizing chip Q1 is grounded, the output end of the voltage stabilizing chip Q1 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the diode D3, and the negative electrode of the diode D3 is electrically connected to the power supply end of the control chip U1.

[0035] The power supply is converted into a stable voltage through the voltage stabilizing chip Q1 to supply power to the control chip U1, thereby ensuring that the control chip U1 can work stably and reducing the power consumption of the chip.

[0036] In this embodiment, an overvoltage protection circuit is electrically connected between the positive electrode of the power supply and the control circuit. The overvoltage protection circuit includes a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a diode D1, a voltage stabilizing diode D2, a transistor Q4 and a transistor Q5.

[0037] The positive electrode of the power supply is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the diode D1, the negative electrode of the diode D1 is electrically connected to the collector of the transistor Q4, the collector of the transistor Q4 is electrically connected to the base of the transistor Q4 through the resistor R4, and the emitter of the transistor Q4 is electrically connected to the input end of the voltage regulator chip Q1;

[0038] The cathode of diode D1 is electrically connected to the cathode of voltage stabilizing diode D2, the anode of voltage stabilizing diode D2 is electrically connected to the base of transistor Q5 through resistor R3, the collector of transistor Q5 is electrically connected to the base of transistor Q4, and the emitter of transistor Q5 is electrically connected to the drain of MOS tube Q2.

[0039] The power supply voltage will fluctuate during actual power supply. The overvoltage protection circuit can effectively prevent high voltage from entering the control chip U1, thereby preventing the control chip U1 from burning out and causing the entire control solenoid valve to fail.

[0040] Specifically, when the power supply voltage exceeds 17.5V, the control chip U1 stops working, the electromagnetic coil is not powered, and the electromagnet does not work.

[0041] The transistor Q4 and the transistor Q5 are both NPN transistors, and can be 5551 transistors.

[0042] In this embodiment, an anti-reverse connection circuit is electrically connected between the drain of the MOS tube Q2 and the negative electrode of the power supply. The anti-reverse connection circuit includes a MOS tube Q3, a voltage regulator diode D4, a resistor R1 and a resistor R5.

[0043] The drain of the MOS tube Q2 is electrically connected to the source of the MOS tube Q3, the drain of the MOS tube Q3 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the power supply, the gate of the MOS tube Q3 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the voltage regulator diode D4, the positive electrode of the voltage regulator diode D4 is electrically connected to the drain of the MOS tube Q2, the resistor R5 is connected in parallel to both ends of the voltage regulator diode D4, and the gate of the MOS tube Q3 is electrically connected to the input end of the voltage regulator chip Q1 through the resistor R1;

[0044] The source of the MOS tube Q2 is electrically connected to the anode of the diode D6, and the cathode of the diode D6 is electrically connected to the anode of the power supply.

[0045] The anti-reverse connection circuit can effectively prevent the entire control solenoid valve from being burned due to reverse connection of the positive and negative poles of the power supply, thereby improving the integrity of the entire control solenoid valve.

[0046] The MOS transistor Q2 and the MOS transistor Q3 are both N-type MOS transistors, and can be 50N06 MOS transistors.

[0047] In the description of the present application, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "in the present embodiment", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, mechanisms, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, mechanisms, materials or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0048] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A vehicle electromagnet overheat protection control circuit, characterized in that: It includes an electromagnetic coil, a MOS tube Q2, and a control circuit, wherein the control circuit includes a control chip U1, a capacitor C2, and a capacitor C3; One end of the electromagnetic coil is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, the other end of the electromagnetic coil is electrically connected to the source of the MOS tube Q2, the drain of the MOS tube Q2 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the power supply, the gate of the MOS tube Q2 is electrically connected to the control end of the control chip U1, and the control end of the control chip U1 is grounded through the capacitor C1; The power supply end of the control chip U1 is electrically connected to the chip power supply, and the chip power supply is electrically connected to the signal feedback end of the control chip U1 through capacitors C2 and C3 respectively. The signal feedback end of the control chip U1 is electrically connected to the drain of the MOS tube Q2, and the ground end of the control chip U1 is grounded.

2. The vehicle electromagnet overheat protection control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control circuit also includes a voltage stabilizing chip Q1, the positive electrode of the power supply is electrically connected to the input end of the voltage stabilizing chip Q1, the input end of the voltage stabilizing chip Q1 is electrically connected to the control end of the control chip U1 through a resistor R2, the control end of the control chip U1 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D5, the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D5 is electrically connected to the drain of the MOS tube Q2, the ground end of the voltage stabilizing chip Q1 is grounded, the output end of the voltage stabilizing chip Q1 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the diode D3, and the negative electrode of the diode D3 is electrically connected to the power supply end of the control chip U1.

3. The vehicle electromagnet overheat protection control circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: An overvoltage protection circuit is electrically connected between the positive electrode of the power supply and the control circuit, and the overvoltage protection circuit includes a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a diode D1, a voltage stabilizing diode D2, a transistor Q4 and a transistor Q5; The positive electrode of the power supply is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the diode D1, the negative electrode of the diode D1 is electrically connected to the collector of the transistor Q4, the collector of the transistor Q4 is electrically connected to the base of the transistor Q4 through the resistor R4, and the emitter of the transistor Q4 is electrically connected to the input end of the voltage regulator chip Q1; The cathode of the diode D1 is electrically connected to the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D2, the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode D2 is electrically connected to the base of the transistor Q5 through the resistor R3, the collector of the transistor Q5 is electrically connected to the base of the transistor Q4, and the emitter of the transistor Q5 is electrically connected to the drain of the MOS transistor Q2.

4. The vehicle electromagnet overheat protection control circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transistor Q4 and the transistor Q5 are both NPN transistors.

5. The vehicle electromagnet overheat protection control circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: An anti-reverse connection circuit is electrically connected between the drain of the MOS tube Q2 and the negative electrode of the power supply, and the anti-reverse connection circuit includes a MOS tube Q3, a voltage stabilizing diode D4, a resistor R1 and a resistor R5; The drain of the MOS tube Q2 is electrically connected to the source of the MOS tube Q3, the drain of the MOS tube Q3 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the power supply, the gate of the MOS tube Q3 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the voltage regulator diode D4, the positive electrode of the voltage regulator diode D4 is electrically connected to the drain of the MOS tube Q2, the resistor R5 is connected in parallel to both ends of the voltage regulator diode D4, and the gate of the MOS tube Q3 is electrically connected to the input end of the voltage regulator chip Q1 through the resistor R1; The source of the MOS transistor Q2 is electrically connected to the anode of the diode D6, and the cathode of the diode D6 is electrically connected to the anode of the power supply.

6. The vehicle electromagnet overheat protection control circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The MOS transistor Q2 and the MOS transistor Q3 are both N-type MOS transistors.

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