Material box type solid hydrogen storage tank

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage, and particularly discloses a material box type solid hydrogen storage tank which comprises a hydrogen storage tank shell, a hydrogen storage tank hydrogen inlet, a hydrogen storage tank hydrogen outlet, a bottom support, a main water inlet water dividing pipe, a main water outlet water collecting pipe, a circulating water pipe, an internal support, a bottom supporting plate, a hydrogen storage alloy material box and a sealing flange, the internal support is movable and is arranged in the hydrogen storage tank shell by adopting an integrated layered and latticed grating type structure, and the hydrogen storage alloy material boxes are arranged on each layer of bottom supporting plate of the internal support in a layer-by-layer and latticed manner; a circulation heat exchange system is embedded in the internal support and moves along with the internal support. The hydrogen storage alloy is made into a material box type, a movable grating type internal supporting structure is arranged, hydrogen can make full contact with the hydrogen storage alloy unit, the hydrogen absorption and desorption rate is increased, meanwhile, internal details can be conveniently checked during maintenance, the charging time is greatly shortened, and the heat exchange efficiency is also improved through a circulating heat exchange system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of hydrogen storage, and specifically relates to a material box-type solid-state hydrogen storage tank. Background Art

[0002] Among various energy storage technologies, hydrogen energy is regarded as one of the main directions of future energy storage due to its high efficiency, environmental protection and large reserves. Solid-state hydrogen storage tank is a new type of hydrogen storage technology, the principle of which is to use solid materials to adsorb and store hydrogen. Compared with the traditional compressed hydrogen storage method, solid-state hydrogen storage tank has higher safety and storage efficiency. First, solid materials can avoid the problem of hydrogen leakage, thereby reducing safety hazards. Secondly, by selecting suitable hydrogen storage materials, solid-state hydrogen storage tanks can realize hydrogen charging and discharging at room temperature and pressure, without the need for a high-pressure environment, and the operation is simple and safe. In addition, the volume hydrogen storage density of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank is high, which can greatly improve the hydrogen storage efficiency. Therefore, solid-state hydrogen storage tanks have broad application prospects in the field of energy storage. Chinese patent CN 218819634 U discloses a solid-state hydrogen storage tank, which adopts a support plate structure, cooperates with an external hydrogen cooling circulation device, and a planar electric heating film to heat the solid-state hydrogen storage material, but the use of an electric heating film reduces the safety of the device, and the hydrogen inlet and outlet during the hydrogen absorption process are both in an open state, and high-pressure hydrogen storage cannot be achieved. Chinese patent CN108730751 A discloses a gas-solid composite hydrogen storage tank, which adopts an inner and outer tank body to realize its gas-solid composite hydrogen storage function, but its heat exchange is external heat exchange of winding tubes, and the heat exchange effect is limited. Chinese patent CN 117006410 A discloses a metal hydride hydrogen storage tank with heat exchange fins and its preparation method, which welds the fins to the fins to reduce the contact thermal resistance of the hydrogen storage tank and improve the heat exchange performance, but the heat exchange control inside the hydrogen storage tank is weak.

[0003] Traditional or small solid-state hydrogen storage devices mostly directly fill hydrogen storage alloy powder inside the hydrogen storage tank, relying on the contact between the hydrogen storage alloy powder and the heat exchange water pipe for heat exchange. However, for large solid-state hydrogen storage devices, the heat exchange pipelines or fin gaps are generally large, resulting in a large diffusion distance of heat inside the hydrogen storage alloy powder, poor heat dissipation uniformity, and easy to cause local overcooling or overheating, seriously affecting the service life of the hydrogen storage device; secondly, the hydrogen storage alloy powder is directly filled in the tank body and has good fluidity. The alloy powder is constantly pulverized during the process of hydrogen absorption and release, and is continuously gathered to the bottom of the hydrogen storage tank under the action of gravity, forming local stress, and the risk of damage to the solid state is extremely high with long-term use. Therefore, finding a safe, efficient, and convenient hydrogen storage technology is an issue that needs to be solved urgently. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a material box type solid hydrogen storage tank to solve the technical problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] The utility model provides a material box type solid hydrogen storage tank, comprising: a hydrogen storage tank shell, a hydrogen storage tank hydrogen inlet, a hydrogen storage tank hydrogen outlet, a bottom support, a total water inlet water pipe, a total water outlet water pipe, a circulating water pipe, an internal support, a bottom support plate, a hydrogen storage alloy material box and a sealing flange;

[0006] Wherein, the sealing flange is connected to one end of the hydrogen storage tank shell, the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen storage tank is arranged at the other end of the hydrogen storage tank shell, and the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen storage tank is arranged on the hydrogen storage tank shell; the bottom support is arranged at the bottom of the hydrogen storage tank shell;

[0007] The internal support is movable and is arranged inside the hydrogen storage tank shell.

[0008] Furthermore, the internal support adopts an integrated layered and gridded grid structure;

[0009] Each layer of the internal support grid structure is divided and supported by a bottom support plate;

[0010] The hydrogen storage alloy material box is placed in layers in sections on each layer of the bottom support plate supported internally.

[0011] Furthermore, a circulating heat exchange system is embedded on the internal support, and the circulating heat exchange system moves with the internal support;

[0012] The circulating heat exchange system comprises a total water inlet manifold, a total water outlet manifold and a circulating water pipe;

[0013] The inner support end is provided with a pipe hole for leading out a circulating water pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the circulating water pipes are multi-groups and penetrate the internal support in layers and are arranged in parallel at the bottom of each layer of the internal support structure, and are embedded with the bottom support plate.

[0015] Furthermore, each group of circulating water pipes is led out from the main water inlet water distribution pipe, turns back at the side close to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen storage tank and returns to the main water outlet water collection pipe.

[0016] Preferably, the circulating water pipe adopts a double-flow U-shaped pipe.

[0017] Furthermore, the total water inlet water distribution pipe and the total water outlet water collection pipe are installed on the side of the internal support adjacent to the sealing flange.

[0018] Preferably, the hydrogen storage alloy material box is made of hydrogen storage material, and the hydrogen storage material includes AB5, AB2 or AB series hydrogen storage alloys; the hydrogen storage alloy material box is a hollow geometric shape with at least one side open, including a hollow cuboid, a hollow cube, a hollow cylinder, a hollow semi-cylinder or a hollow terrace.

[0019] Preferably, the bottom support plate of the internal support is made of a material with high thermal conductivity.

[0020] Preferably, the bottom support plate of the internal support is made of copper, aluminum, magnesium and metal-based composite materials containing the same.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The present application manufactures the hydrogen storage alloy into a material box type, so that it can be placed independently on the internal support structure. At the same time, the size of the hydrogen storage alloy unit can be adjusted according to the needs of hydrogen storage capacity and the shape of the hydrogen storage tank, thereby reducing the expansion stress and structural influence generated when the hydrogen storage alloy absorbs hydrogen.

[0023] 2. The present application sets up a grid-type internal support structure, which can enable the hydrogen storage material box to be stably placed on the internal support structure, and a gap is left between the support structure and the hydrogen storage alloy material box to leave space for hydrogen absorption and expansion. At the same time, because each layer is independent of each other, the hydrogen can be fully in contact with the hydrogen storage alloy unit, thereby improving the hydrogen absorption and desorption rate.

[0024] 3. The circulating heat exchange system set up in the present application is interlocked with the internal support structure to reduce the heat exchange thermal resistance between the circulating water pipe and the hydrogen storage alloy material box. At the same time, since the circulating water pipe and the hydrogen storage alloy material box are on different layers, the number of circulating water pipes that can be accommodated by the bottom support plate of each layer is increased, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0025] 4. The movable internal support structure provided in the present application can be pulled out when the hydrogen storage alloy is loaded, which greatly reduces the loading time and facilitates the inspection of internal details during maintenance, thus achieving safe, efficient and comprehensive inspection.

[0026] 5. This application is equipped with a detachable sealing flange, which ensures safe use and facilitates subsequent safe maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the external structure of the hydrogen storage tank in the embodiment;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the hydrogen storage tank and the internal circulation heat exchange system pipeline;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a movable grid-type internal support structure;

[0030] Figure 3A is another cross-sectional view of the movable grid-type internal support structure;

[0031] Figure 3B This is a partial enlarged view of the movable grid-type internal support structure;

[0032] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the placement of the hydrogen storage alloy material box;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a circulating heat exchange system in an embodiment;

[0034] In the figure: 1. Hydrogen storage tank shell, 2. Hydrogen storage tank hydrogen inlet, 3. Hydrogen storage tank hydrogen outlet, 4. Bottom support, 5. Total water inlet water distribution pipe, 6. Total water outlet water collection pipe, 7. Circulating water pipe, 8. Internal support, 801, bottom support plate, 9. Hydrogen storage alloy material box, 10. Sealing flange. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0036] A material box type solid hydrogen storage tank, such as Figure 1 As shown in the schematic diagram of the external structure of the hydrogen storage tank in the embodiment, it includes: a hydrogen storage tank shell 1, a hydrogen storage tank hydrogen inlet 2, a hydrogen storage tank hydrogen outlet 3, a bottom support 4, a total water inlet water pipe 5, a total water outlet water pipe 6, a circulating water pipe 7, an internal support 8, a bottom support plate 801, a hydrogen storage alloy material box 9, and a sealing flange 10;

[0037] The sealing flange 10 is connected to one end of the hydrogen storage tank shell 1, the hydrogen inlet 2 of the hydrogen storage tank is arranged at the other end of the hydrogen storage tank shell 1, and the hydrogen outlet 3 of the hydrogen storage tank is arranged on the hydrogen storage tank shell 1;

[0038] The sealing flange 10 can ensure the sealing performance of the hydrogen storage device during use, and can be disassembled for subsequent safety maintenance, which is convenient for workers to disassemble and saves maintenance time.

[0039] The bottom support 4 is disposed at the bottom of the hydrogen storage tank shell 1 and is used to support the hydrogen storage tank shell 1 to ensure stable operation of the hydrogen storage tank during operation;

[0040] like Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the movable grid-type internal support structure, Figure 3A Another cross-sectional view of the movable grid-like internal support structure and Figure 3B A partial enlarged view of the movable grille-type internal support structure is shown below:

[0041] The internal support 8 is movable and is arranged inside the hydrogen storage tank shell 1, which is convenient for filling the hydrogen storage alloy material and opening and withdrawing the hydrogen storage tank during safe maintenance and repair, meeting the subsequent safety and maintainability of the hydrogen storage device, giving full play to the volume density advantage of solid-state hydrogen storage, and achieving better hydrogen storage.

[0042] The internal support 8 adopts an integrated grid structure with layers and grids; each layer of the grid structure of the internal support 8 is divided and supported by a bottom support plate 801; the hydrogen storage alloy material box 9 is placed layer by layer on each bottom support plate 801 of the internal support 8; this structure can avoid the expansion stress on the support structure when the hydrogen storage alloy absorbs hydrogen and expands, and can ensure that the hydrogen storage alloy material box 9 is placed stably;

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown in the schematic diagram of the placement of the hydrogen storage alloy material box, the hydrogen storage alloy material box 9 is a hollow geometric shape with at least one side open, including a hollow rectangle, a hollow cube, a hollow cylinder, a hollow semi-cylinder or a hollow terrace; preferably, it is a hollow rectangle or hollow cube with one side open, and the geometric shape can be adjusted according to the geometric space of the device to make the material box fit the contour of the device and increase the packing density.

[0044] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, a circulating heat exchange system is embedded on the internal support 8, and the circulating heat exchange system moves with the internal support 8; the circulating heat exchange system includes a total water inlet distribution pipe 5, a total water outlet collection pipe 6 and a circulating water pipe 7; and a pipe hole for leading out the circulating water pipe 7 is provided at the end of the internal support 8.

[0045] The main water inlet water distribution pipe 5 and the main water outlet water collection pipe 6 are installed on the side of the internal support 8 close to the sealing flange 10.

[0046] The circulating water pipes 7 are multi-group layers that penetrate the internal support 8 and are arranged in parallel at the bottom of each layer of the internal support structure, and are embedded with the bottom support plate 801; each group of circulating water pipes 7 is led out from the total water inlet pipe 5, and returns to the total water outlet pipe 6 near the hydrogen inlet 2 of the hydrogen storage tank;

[0047] Preferably, the circulating water pipe 7 adopts a double-flow U-shaped pipe, and heat exchange between the water pipe and the hydrogen storage alloy material box is achieved through heat conduction, which can reduce the pressure drop in the pipe, reduce the heat exchange thermal resistance between the circulating water pipe 7 and the hydrogen storage alloy material box 9, and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0048] Preferably, the bottom support plate 801 of the internal support 8 is made of a material with high thermal conductivity, such as copper, aluminum, magnesium and alloys thereof.

[0049] Preferably, the hydrogen storage alloy material box 9 is made of hydrogen storage material, and the hydrogen storage material includes AB5, AB2, and AB series hydrogen storage alloys, which can effectively avoid stress accumulation caused by hydrogen storage alloy expansion when absorbing hydrogen, while increasing the filling amount of hydrogen storage alloy and the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0050] Working principle of circulating heat exchange system:

[0051] The circulating medium is evenly distributed to each circulating water pipe 7 through the total water inlet pipe 5. The circulating medium flows along the pipeline to the hydrogen inlet end of the hydrogen storage tank and returns to the total water outlet pipe 6 through the U-shaped elbow, and flows out of the hydrogen storage tank from the total water outlet pipe 6.

[0052] In a specific embodiment, each group of circulating water pipes 7 is branched out from the total water inlet pipe 5 at the flange end, makes a U-turn along a bottom support plate 801 at a certain layer to the hydrogen inlet end of the hydrogen storage tank, and then returns to the total water outlet pipe 6 at the flange end along a bottom support plate 801 at a certain layer.

[0053] The filling forms of the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage alloy material box 9 include:

[0054] The hydrogen storage alloy is pressed into a block, and then filled into the hydrogen storage alloy material box 9 as an independent hydrogen storage alloy unit; or,

[0055] The hydrogen storage alloy powder is directly loaded into the hydrogen storage alloy material box 9 as a hydrogen storage alloy unit.

[0056] The hydrogen storage alloy material box 9 is placed layer by layer on the bottom support plate 801 of the internal support 8, and a circulating water pipe 7 is arranged under each bottom support plate 801 to perform heat exchange when the hydrogen storage system absorbs and releases hydrogen.

[0057] In some specific embodiments, the hydrogen storage tank can be installed horizontally or vertically, the bottom support 4 is one or more, and the internal support 8 and the hydrogen storage alloy material box 9 can be designed to match according to the installation method.

[0058] The hydrogen storage method of the material box type solid hydrogen storage tank in this application is:

[0059] S1, hydrogen absorption process: open the hydrogen inlet 2 of the hydrogen storage tank, hydrogen enters the interior of the hydrogen storage tank shell 1, and then the hydrogen fully reacts with the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage alloy material box 9 until the hydrogen filling reaches the rated pressure of the hydrogen storage tank;

[0060] When charging hydrogen, a cooling circulating medium is injected into the circulating heat exchange system through the water inlet of the total water inlet pipe 5 to remove the heat released by the hydrogen storage alloy when absorbing hydrogen;

[0061] S2, hydrogen release process: open the hydrogen outlet 3 of the hydrogen storage tank, the gaseous hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank is released first, and when the pressure in the tank reaches the hydrogen release platform pressure of the hydrogen storage alloy, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy begins to be released;

[0062] When releasing hydrogen, a heating circulating medium is injected into the system through the water inlet of the total water inlet water diversion pipe 5 to meet the heat absorption requirement of the hydrogen storage alloy.

[0063] The present application makes the hydrogen storage alloy into a material box-type structural design, so that the hydrogen storage alloy powder or hydrogen storage alloy block can be reasonably filled in a fixed position. At the same time, the material box can also serve as a heat exchange medium between the hydrogen storage alloy and the heat dissipation structure, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency;

[0064] In addition, the hydrogen storage alloy material box 9 can also confine the hydrogen storage alloy powder or hydrogen storage alloy block within a limited space, avoiding local stress caused by the pulverization and flow of the alloy powder, thereby improving the safety of the device, and the material box can serve as an important protection measure for the hydrogen storage alloy powder during the maintenance of the solid-state hydrogen storage device;

[0065] Since the hydrogen storage alloy is extremely active after activation and will spontaneously combust when in contact with air, after using the hydrogen storage alloy material box 9, during maintenance, inert protective gas can be injected into the interior of the device to fill the material box with inert gas. When the sealing flange 10 is opened for maintenance, the hydrogen storage alloy powder can be prevented from directly contacting the air and spontaneously oxidizing and combusting, thereby improving the feasibility and safety of maintenance, thereby reducing equipment maintenance costs and solving the problem of high maintenance risks of large solid-state hydrogen storage devices.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A material box type solid hydrogen storage tank, characterized in that: include: A hydrogen storage tank shell (1), a hydrogen storage tank hydrogen inlet (2), a hydrogen storage tank hydrogen outlet (3), a bottom support (4), a total water inlet water distribution pipe (5), a total water outlet water collection pipe (6), a circulating water pipe (7), an internal support (8), a bottom support plate (801), a hydrogen storage alloy material box (9) and a sealing flange (10); The sealing flange (10) is connected to one end of the hydrogen storage tank shell (1), the hydrogen storage tank hydrogen inlet (2) is arranged at the other end of the hydrogen storage tank shell (1), and the hydrogen storage tank hydrogen outlet (3) is arranged on the hydrogen storage tank shell (1); the bottom support (4) is arranged at the bottom of the hydrogen storage tank shell (1); The internal support (8) is movable and is arranged inside the hydrogen storage tank shell (1).

2. A material box type solid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal support (8) adopts an integrated layered and gridded grid structure; Each layer of the grid structure of the internal support (8) is divided and supported by a bottom support plate (801); The hydrogen storage alloy material box (9) is placed in layers on each bottom support plate (801) of the internal support (8).

3. A material box type solid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circulating heat exchange system is embedded on the internal support (8), and the circulating heat exchange system moves with the internal support (8); The circulating heat exchange system comprises a total water inlet distribution pipe (5), a total water outlet collection pipe (6) and a circulating water pipe (7); The end of the internal support (8) is provided with a pipe hole for leading out the circulating water pipe (7).

4. A material box type solid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The circulating water pipes (7) penetrate the internal support (8) in multiple groups in layers and are arranged in parallel and distributed at the bottom of each layer of the internal support structure, and are embedded with the bottom support plate (801).

5. A material box type solid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: Each group of circulating water pipes (7) is led out from the main water inlet distribution pipe (5), turns back at the side close to the hydrogen inlet (2) of the hydrogen storage tank and returns to the main water outlet confluence pipe (6).

6. A material box type solid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 5, characterized in that: The circulating water pipe (7) adopts a double-flow U-shaped pipe.

7. A material box type solid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The main water inlet water distribution pipe (5) and the main water outlet water collection pipe (6) are installed on the side of the internal support (8) adjacent to the sealing flange (10).

8. A material box type solid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage alloy material box (9) is made of a hydrogen storage material, and the hydrogen storage material includes AB5, AB2 or AB series hydrogen storage alloy; The hydrogen storage alloy material box (9) is in the shape of a hollow geometric body with at least one side open, including a hollow cuboid, a hollow cube, a hollow cylinder, a hollow semi-cylinder or a hollow terrace.

9. A material box type solid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom support plate (801) of the internal support (8) is made of a material with high thermal conductivity.

10. A material box type solid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 9, characterized in that: The bottom support plate (801) of the internal support (8) is made of copper, aluminum, magnesium and metal-based composite materials containing the same.

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