Thermal runaway flue gas treatment device and energy storage equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device and energy storage equipment, and mainly solves the problem that potential safety hazards exist after thermal runaway flue gas of a battery is exhausted. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device comprises a buffer device and an ignition device, the buffer device comprises M buffer tanks, each buffer tank is provided with a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet which are communicated with an inner cavity of the buffer tank, and the buffer tanks are used for carrying out buffer treatment on the thermal runaway smoke; the ignition device is connected to the smoke outlet of the Mth buffer tank and used for conducting ignition treatment on the thermal runaway smoke exhausted by the buffer tanks. The buffer tank buffers the thermal runaway flue gas so that the thermal runaway flue gas can enter the ignition device at a stable flow speed, when the thermal runaway flue gas is ignited by the ignition device, combustion flames are stable, meanwhile, the buffer tank can collect electrolyte carried in the thermal runaway flue gas, and when the thermal runaway flue gas is ignited by the ignition device, the combustion flames are stable. The height of combustion flame is small, and the safety of the device in use is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and specifically relates to a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device and energy storage equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the widespread application of lithium-ion batteries, the safe use of lithium-ion batteries has also attracted attention. Under the influence of factors such as overcharge, overdischarge, overheating, and mechanical collision, lithium-ion batteries are prone to battery diaphragm collapse and internal short circuit, leading to thermal runaway.

[0003] When a lithium-ion battery is in complete thermal runaway, the internal temperature of the battery is as high as 500-1000°C. The gas generated during the thermal runaway process causes the internal pressure of the battery to increase, causing the battery shell to expand and rupture, and eventually the explosion venting membrane opens, spraying and releasing the evaporated electrolyte and reaction gas inside the battery, forming pressurized thermal runaway flue gas. The thermal runaway flue gas includes combustibles such as electrolyte, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, and ethylene, and combustibles account for a large proportion of the thermal runaway flue gas. When the thermal runaway flue gas is discharged, the combustibles come into contact with the air and are prone to combustion. In severe cases, they can cause explosions, posing safety hazards. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the potential safety hazard problem after the thermal runaway flue gas is discharged, the utility model provides a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device and an energy storage device.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is:

[0006] The utility model provides a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, comprising a buffer device and an ignition device; the buffer device comprises M buffer tanks, which are used for buffering the thermal runaway flue gas, and each buffer tank is provided with a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet connected to its inner cavity, wherein M is an integer greater than or equal to 1; the ignition device is connected to the smoke outlet of the Mth buffer tank, and is used for igniting the thermal runaway flue gas discharged from the buffer tank.

[0007] Furthermore, the smoke inlet and the smoke outlet of the buffer tank are both arranged on the top of the buffer tank.

[0008] Furthermore, a drain valve is provided at the bottom of the buffer tank.

[0009] Furthermore, the ignition device includes a smoke pipeline and at least one group of ignition components, the ignition component includes a smoke exhaust pipe and an igniter arranged at the outlet of the smoke exhaust pipe, the smoke pipeline is connected to the smoke outlet of the Mth buffer tank, and each smoke exhaust pipe is connected to the smoke pipeline.

[0010] Furthermore, the smoke exhaust pipe is provided with a trigger and a flame arrester.

[0011] Furthermore, the ignition device includes a smoke inlet pipeline, an igniter and a burner; the inlet of the smoke inlet pipeline is connected to the smoke outlet of the Mth buffer tank, and the outlet is connected to the burner; the burner includes a combustion shell and a porous structure; the combustion shell is a box structure with one end open; the porous structure is arranged at the open end of the box; the igniter is arranged on the combustion shell, and is used to ignite the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0012] Furthermore, a protective cover is provided on the outside of the combustion shell, and the protective cover has a plurality of convection holes.

[0013] The utility model also provides an energy storage device, which includes an energy storage box, a plurality of batteries and the above-mentioned thermal runaway flue gas treatment device.

[0014] Furthermore, the buffer device is arranged in the energy storage box, and the ignition device is arranged above the top plate of the energy storage box.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the utility model has the following advantages:

[0016] 1. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of the utility model includes a buffer device and an ignition device. The buffer device includes M buffer tanks. The ignition device is used to ignite the thermal runaway flue gas to solve the potential safety hazard after the thermal runaway flue gas is discharged. Compared with the existing solution of directly igniting the thermal runaway flue gas discharged by the battery, the utility model adds a buffer tank at the front end of the ignition device. The buffer tank can buffer the thermal runaway flue gas. The thermal runaway flue gas enters the ignition device at a relatively stable flow rate, so that when the thermal runaway flue gas is ignited by the ignition device, the combustion flame is relatively stable. At the same time, the buffer tank can collect the electrolyte carried in the thermal runaway flue gas, so that when the subsequent ignition device burns the thermal runaway flue gas, the flame height of the thermal runaway flue gas is relatively small, which improves the safety of the entire thermal runaway flue gas treatment device during use.

[0017] 2. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of the utility model, the smoke inlet of the buffer tank is arranged at the top of the buffer tank, which can make the solid impurities and electrolyte carried by the thermal runaway flue gas deposited at the bottom of the buffer tank as much as possible under the action of gravity. At the same time, the smoke outlet of the buffer tank is arranged at the top of the buffer tank. Firstly, the solid impurities and electrolyte carried by the thermal runaway flue gas cannot be discharged from the buffer tank, and secondly, the gas in the thermal runaway flue gas can be discharged smoothly and quickly.

[0018] 3. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of the utility model, a drain valve is provided at the bottom of the buffer tank, and the drain valve can discharge the electrolyte in the buffer tank in time.

[0019] 4. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of the utility model, the ignition device includes a smoke exhaust pipe and an igniter arranged at the outlet of the smoke exhaust pipe. The ignition device of this structure is installed vertically and can safely isolate the combustion area of ​​the thermal runaway flue gas from the battery to avoid the impact of the thermal runaway flue gas on the battery when it burns.

[0020] 5. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of the utility model, the trigger and the flame arrester are arranged on the exhaust pipe, so that when the thermal runaway flue gas passes through the exhaust pipe, the thermal runaway flue gas in the exhaust pipe can be ignited in time.

[0021] 6. In the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of the utility model, the burner of the ignition device is a combination of a combustion shell and a porous structure. When the burner of this structure treats the thermal runaway flue gas, since the combustion is carried out on the surface of the porous structure, the porous structure makes the generated flame more evenly distributed during combustion, so the fire is relatively gentle, which reduces the possibility of danger and improves the safety of the entire energy storage equipment.

[0022] 7. In the energy storage device of the utility model, the buffer device is arranged in the energy storage box, and the ignition device is arranged above the top plate of the energy storage box. This external installation method of the ignition device can ensure that the thermal runaway flue gas will not affect the battery in the energy storage box when it is ignited, thereby improving the safety of the thermal runaway flue gas ignition process.

[0023] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be embodied in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through research and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 1;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ignition device in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in Example 2;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ignition device in Example 2.

[0029] Figure numerals: 1-buffer device, 2-ignition device, 3-ignition device, 11-buffer tank, 12-smoke inlet, 13-smoke outlet, 14-drain valve, 15-connecting pipeline, 21-smoke pipeline, 22-smoke exhaust pipe, 23-igniter, 24-trigger, 25-flame arrester, 31-smoke inlet pipeline, 32-igniter, 33-combustion shell, 34-porous structure, 35-trigger, 36-protective cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the utility model are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0031] The "other embodiments" that appear in different places in this specification do not all refer to the same embodiment, nor are they separate or selective embodiments that are mutually exclusive with other embodiments. In the description of this specification, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. In the description of this utility model, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically limited.

[0032] In the description of this specification, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate, or the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] At the same time, in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "top, bottom, inside and outside" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0034] Research shows that when a lithium-ion battery experiences thermal runaway, a series of chemical reactions will occur inside, releasing a large amount of heat and gas, such as: SEI film decomposition reaction (90-120°C), cathode and electrolyte reaction (100-350°C), electrolyte decomposition reaction (110-300°C), diaphragm shrinkage and melting reaction (>130°C), cathode and electrolyte reaction (200-300°C), and binder decomposition reaction (200-300°C), etc. The above reactions do not occur in a fixed order, nor do they proceed independently.

[0035] The thermal runaway flue gas discharged during thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries mainly includes the following components: vaporized electrolyte, CO2, CO, H2, C x H y , C x H y O z , C x H y F, POF3 and HF, etc. The thermal runaway flue gas contains not only hydrogen, CO, CO2, methane and other gases, but also a large amount of electrolyte vapor. The vaporized electrolyte will not only react with the positive or negative electrode in the battery cavity, but also undergo a series of decomposition reactions, thereby continuing to produce a large amount of harmful gases and flammable gases.

[0036] The utility model provides a thermal runaway smoke treatment device, which is connected to a smoke delivery pipe, and the smoke delivery pipe is mainly used to centrally lead the thermal runaway smoke discharged by the thermal runaway of the battery to the thermal runaway smoke treatment device for treatment. The thermal runaway smoke treatment device includes a buffer device and an ignition device. The buffer device is arranged at the front end of the ignition device, and is used to perform buffering treatment on the thermal runaway smoke, so that the thermal runaway smoke enters the ignition device at a relatively stable flow rate for treatment, and at the same time, the electrolyte in the thermal runaway smoke is collected. The above-mentioned ignition device mainly performs controllable ignition treatment on the combustible substances (combustible gas and electrolyte) in the thermal runaway smoke, so as to solve the potential safety hazards after the thermal runaway smoke is discharged.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in this embodiment includes a buffer device 1 and an ignition device 2; the buffer device 1 includes M buffer tanks 11, which are empty tanks for buffering the thermal runaway flue gas, and each buffer tank 11 is provided with a smoke inlet 12 and a smoke outlet 13 connected to its inner cavity; wherein M is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the ignition device 2 is connected to the smoke outlet 13 of the Mth buffer tank 11, and is used for controllably igniting the thermal runaway flue gas buffered by the buffer tank 11. The structures of the buffer device 1 and the ignition device 2 are described in detail below.

[0039] In the buffer device 1, the number of buffer tanks 11 can be set according to the number and demand of lithium-ion batteries. If there are multiple buffer tanks 11, multiple buffer tanks 11 can be connected in series through the connecting pipe 15. The shape of each buffer tank 11 is not limited, and can be a rectangular tank body, a circular tank body, an elliptical tank body, etc. A circular tank body is preferably used, which has good pressure-bearing performance.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the number of buffer tanks 11 in this embodiment is 2, and the buffer tank 11 is an empty tank body, and no substance is filled inside, and is arranged in series between the smoke conveying pipe and the ignition device 2, and mainly has the following functions:

[0041] First, buffer the heat loss flue gas;

[0042] A buffer tank 11 is arranged in front of the ignition device 2. The buffer tank 11 buffers the thermal runaway flue gas, slows down the speed of the thermal runaway flue gas, and reduces the pressure of the thermal runaway flue gas, so that the thermal runaway flue gas enters the ignition device 2 at a relatively stable flow rate. When the thermal runaway flue gas is ignited by the ignition device, the combustion flame is relatively stable, avoiding the defect that the thermal runaway flue gas with instantaneous high pressure passes through the ignition device 2 quickly, the thermal runaway flue gas cannot be ignited and processed in time, or the flame of the thermal runaway flue gas is too large when it burns;

[0043] Second, collect the electrolyte in the thermal runaway flue gas;

[0044] Existing lithium-ion batteries generally contain free electrolyte, which is ejected along with the thermal runaway smoke when the lithium-ion battery thermally runs away. In particular, when the explosion relief zone is set at the bottom of the battery, almost all the free electrolyte inside the battery is ejected along with the thermal runaway smoke, and the electrolyte is ignited together with the combustible gas. At this time, the liquid electrolyte carried in the thermal runaway smoke may cause flame sputtering and other hazards when it burns. At the same time, when the thermal runaway smoke is ignited, the electrolyte in the thermal runaway smoke and the combustible gas participate in the combustion at the same time, generating a large amount of combustion flames. The large amount of combustion flames may affect the devices near the ignition device 2, posing certain safety hazards. In this embodiment, a buffer tank 11 is arranged in front of the ignition device 2. The buffer tank 11 not only buffers the thermal runaway smoke, but also separates the thermal runaway smoke into gas and liquid, so that the electrolyte carried by the thermal runaway smoke is collected in the buffer tank 11. This can not only prevent the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to decompose and produce combustible gas, but also reduce the amount of combustible gas. At the same time, when the thermal runaway smoke is ignited subsequently, only the combustible gas burns (the electrolyte has been collected by the buffer tank), so that the flame of the thermal runaway smoke is smaller when it is ignited, thereby reducing the safety hazard to the surrounding environment.

[0045] Third, remove impurities from the thermal runaway flue gas;

[0046] When a battery experiences thermal runaway, the temperature inside the battery is approximately between 140°C and 850°C. At this temperature, the diaphragm, plastic film, plastic parts and other easily fusible parts inside the battery are melted by high temperature. The molten substances are ejected from the inner cavity of the battery along with the high-temperature and high-pressure thermal runaway flue gas, and flow through the flue gas conveying pipe to the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device at the rear. As the temperature of the thermal runaway flue gas decreases, the molten substances gradually solidify and agglomerate, which can easily block the pipeline of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device. At this time, after adding the above-mentioned buffer tank 11, impurities such as molten materials discharged from the thermal runaway flue gas will be deposited and collected in the buffer tank 11 when the thermal runaway flue gas is buffered in the buffer tank 11, thereby avoiding the problem of subsequent pipeline blockage.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, in the buffer device 1, the buffer tank 11 is provided with a smoke inlet 12 and a smoke outlet 13 which are connected to its inner cavity. The smoke inlet 12 is mainly used to be connected to an external smoke conveying pipe which conveys the thermal runaway smoke generated by the thermal runaway of the battery into the buffer tank 11. The smoke outlet 13 is mainly used to discharge the thermal runaway smoke in the buffer tank 11. The above-mentioned smoke inlet 12 and smoke outlet 13 can be set on the side wall of the buffer tank 11 or on the top of the buffer tank 11. In the present embodiment, the smoke inlet 12 and the smoke outlet 13 are both set on the top of the buffer tank 11. The smoke inlet 12 is set on the top of the buffer tank 11. Firstly, the solid impurities and electrolyte carried by the thermal runaway flue gas can be deposited on the bottom of the buffer tank 11 as much as possible under the action of gravity, and secondly, the electrolyte in the buffer tank 11 will not be squeezed into the flue gas conveying pipe in front through the smoke inlet 12 on the top; the smoke outlet 13 is set on the top of the buffer tank 11. Firstly, the solid impurities and electrolyte carried by the thermal runaway flue gas cannot be discharged smoothly, and secondly, the gas in the thermal runaway flue gas can be discharged smoothly from the buffer tank 11.

[0048] In addition, a drain valve 14 may be provided at the bottom of the buffer tank 11 to discharge the liquid in the buffer tank 11 in time.

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the ignition device 2 in this embodiment includes a flue gas pipeline 21 and at least one group of ignition components, and the flue gas pipeline 21 is connected to the smoke outlet 13 of the Nth buffer tank 11 in the buffer device 1. The ignition component is connected to the flue gas pipeline 21. Among them, the number of ignition components can be set according to demand, and can be set to 1 group, 2 groups, 3 groups or 4 groups or multiple groups. When set to multiple groups, not only can the thermal runaway flue gas be fully ignited to ensure reliable ignition, but also can avoid the safety hazard caused by the failure or failure of a single ignition component and the inability to reliably ignite the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0050] like Figure 2As shown, each ignition assembly includes a smoke exhaust pipe 22 and an igniter 23 arranged at the outlet of the smoke exhaust pipe 22. The smoke exhaust pipe 22 is connected to the smoke pipeline 21 (when there are multiple ignition assemblies, the inlets of the smoke exhaust pipes 22 of the multiple ignition assemblies are all connected to the smoke pipeline 21). The igniter 23 is turned on when any battery has thermal runaway, and then the thermal runaway smoke after buffering treatment by the buffer tank 11 is transported to the smoke exhaust pipe 22 by the smoke pipeline 21, and the igniter 23 ignites the thermal runaway smoke discharged from the smoke exhaust pipe 22. The igniter 23 can be turned on by a trigger 24, or by a BMS (battery management system). When turned on by the trigger 24, the trigger 24 can be a sensor of different structures, which can be set in the smoke exhaust pipe 22 or on the smoke pipeline 21, and real-time detection of parameters such as temperature, pressure or gas volume fraction can be performed. When the set threshold is exceeded, a signal can be sent to start the igniter 23. Specifically, the above-mentioned trigger 24 can be at least one of a pressure sensor, a gas sensor, or a temperature sensor. When activated by the trigger 24, a flame arrester 25 may be provided on the exhaust pipe 22. The flame arrester 25 is preferably a pipeline flame arrester, which is used to prevent the flame from being transmitted downward through the exhaust pipe 22 and damaging the trigger 24 and other devices. When activated by the BMS, the BMS monitors the voltage, current and temperature of each battery in the energy storage system in real time. When any battery has thermal runaway, the voltage, current and temperature exceed the threshold, the igniter 23 is activated.

[0051] The above-mentioned igniter 23 can have various structures, for example, an existing arc igniter or a resistance wire igniter can be specifically used. The arc igniter can specifically be a pulse igniter. The power supply method of the igniter 23 can be a dry battery or an alternating current according to the on-site environment. If an arc igniter is used, the arc igniter is installed at the top of the exhaust pipe 22. When the trigger 24 detects that there is thermal runaway smoke in the exhaust pipe 22, a feedback signal is sent to the control circuit board of the arc igniter. The control circuit board connects the dry battery and the booster coil. After the booster coil increases the voltage, the air between the arc generating heads in the arc igniter, which are very close to each other, is ionized to form an arc, and the residual thermal runaway smoke is ignited. If a resistance wire igniter is used, the resistance wire igniter is installed at the top of the exhaust pipe 22. When the trigger 24 detects thermal runaway smoke in the exhaust pipe 22, it sends a signal to the resistance wire igniter. The resistance wire of the resistance wire igniter is rapidly heated to the flammable temperature of the gas, and then ignites the residual thermal runaway smoke.

[0052] When a battery experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway smoke generated by the thermal runaway of the battery is transported to the buffer device 1 through the smoke conveying pipe. The buffer device 1 buffers the thermal runaway smoke and performs gas-liquid separation on the thermal runaway smoke. The thermal runaway smoke enters the ignition device 2 at a relatively stable flow rate. The ignition device 2 performs controllable ignition of the combustibles in the thermal runaway smoke of the battery, so that the gas after the ignition treatment is not flammable, thereby reducing the harm caused by the direct emission of the thermal runaway smoke.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] This embodiment is similar to Embodiment 1, but different from Embodiment 1 in that the specific structure of the ignition device 3 in this embodiment is different.

[0055] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the ignition device 3 in this embodiment adopts the following structure, the ignition device 3 includes a smoke inlet pipe 31, an igniter 32 and a burner; wherein, the inlet of the smoke inlet pipe 31 is connected to the smoke outlet 13 of the Mth buffer tank 11, and the outlet of the smoke inlet pipe 31 is connected to the burner, and the smoke inlet pipe 31 is mainly used to transport the thermal runaway flue gas buffered by the buffer tank 11 to the burner; the igniter 32 can specifically adopt a pulse igniter, and the power supply method of the igniter 32 can adopt dry batteries or alternating current according to the on-site environment; the burner mainly provides space for the combustion of the thermal runaway flue gas, and the burner includes a combustion shell 33 and a porous structure 34, and the combustion shell 33 is a box structure with one end open; the porous structure 34 is arranged at the open end of the box; the igniter 32 is arranged in the cavity of the combustion shell 33 or outside the cavity of the combustion shell 33, and is used to ignite the thermal runaway flue gas in the burner. Since the ignition device 3 burns on the surface of the porous structure 34, the thermal runaway smoke is dispersed into multiple micropores or openings by the porous structure 34, the combustion flame is evenly distributed, and the fire is relatively gentle, thereby improving the safety of the entire energy storage device. At the same time, since the combustion is carried out on the entire surface of the porous structure 34, the burner of this structure has a larger combustion area, which can fully burn the thermal runaway smoke.

[0056] The above-mentioned igniter 32 can be turned on by BMS (battery management system) or by trigger 35. When turned on by BMS, BMS monitors the voltage, current and temperature of the battery in real time. When any battery has thermal runaway and the voltage, current and temperature exceed the threshold, the igniter 32 ignites. When turned on by trigger 35, trigger 35 can be a sensor of different structures (pressure sensor, gas sensor or temperature sensor). The sensor can be installed on the smoke inlet pipe 31 or the smoke delivery pipe to detect parameters such as temperature, pressure or gas volume fraction in the smoke inlet pipe 31 or the smoke delivery pipe in real time, and send a signal to turn on the igniter 32 when the set threshold is exceeded.

[0057] like Figure 4As shown, if the above-mentioned ignition device 3 and the energy storage box are installed outdoors, a protective cover 36 can be further provided on the outside of the ignition device 3. The protective cover 36 has a plurality of convection holes, and the external air participates in the combustion of the open end of the burner through the convection holes. The protective cover 36 can reduce the probability of external impurities or water vapor entering the burner, reducing the possibility of damage to the burner. At the same time, the protective cover 36 can also prevent wind and rain when the thermal runaway flue gas is burning, so as to achieve stable combustion of the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0058] When a battery experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway smoke generated by the thermal runaway of the battery is transported to the buffer device 1 through the smoke conveying pipe. The buffer device 1 buffers the thermal runaway smoke and performs gas-liquid separation on the thermal runaway smoke. The thermal runaway smoke enters the ignition device 2 at a relatively stable flow rate. The ignition device 2 performs controllable ignition of the combustibles in the thermal runaway smoke of the battery, so that the gas after the ignition treatment is not flammable, thereby reducing the harm caused by the direct emission of the thermal runaway smoke.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] The present embodiment provides an energy storage device, which includes an energy storage box and the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device of embodiment 1 or embodiment 2. There are multiple batteries in the energy storage box, and the multiple batteries are arranged in series and parallel to meet the charging and discharging requirements. Among them, the battery can be a single cell, or a battery module composed of existing single cylindrical batteries or square shell batteries connected in series and parallel, or a large-capacity battery composed of existing single cells. The above-mentioned large-capacity battery includes a plurality of single cells arranged in sequence, and the electrolyte area and gas area of ​​each single cell are connected through a shared chamber, so that each single cell is in a unified shared electrolyte and gas system, which reduces the differences between each single cell to a certain extent and improves the cycle life of the large-capacity battery.

[0061] When the buffer device 1 and the ignition device 3 are installed, the buffer device 1 is arranged in the energy storage box, and the ignition device 3 is arranged above the top plate of the energy storage box, that is, it is arranged outside the energy storage box. This external installation method can ensure that the thermal runaway flue gas will not affect the battery in the energy storage box when it is ignited, thereby improving the safety of the thermal runaway flue gas ignition process.

[0062] An explosion vent is provided on each battery in the above-mentioned energy storage box. When any battery has thermal runaway, the high-temperature and high-pressure material inside it breaks through the explosion vent, and the high-temperature and high-pressure thermal runaway flue gas is transported to the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device through the flue gas conveying pipe for treatment, thereby reducing the harm caused by the direct emission of thermal runaway flue gas.

Claims

1. A thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, characterized in that: Including buffer device and ignition device; The buffer device includes M buffer tanks for buffering the thermal runaway flue gas, each buffer tank is provided with a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet connected to its inner cavity, wherein M is an integer greater than or equal to 1; The ignition device is connected to the smoke outlet of the Mth buffer tank and is used to ignite the thermal runaway smoke discharged from the buffer tank.

2. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke inlet and the smoke outlet of the buffer tank are both arranged on the top of the buffer tank.

3. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drain valve is provided at the bottom of the buffer tank.

4. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The ignition device includes a smoke pipeline and at least one group of ignition components. The ignition component includes a smoke exhaust pipe and an igniter arranged at the exit of the smoke exhaust pipe. The smoke pipeline is connected to the smoke outlet of the Mth buffer tank, and each smoke exhaust pipe is connected to the smoke pipeline.

5. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The smoke exhaust pipe is provided with a trigger and a flame arrester.

6. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The ignition device includes a smoke inlet pipeline, an igniter and a burner; the inlet of the smoke inlet pipeline is connected to the smoke outlet of the Mth buffer tank, and the outlet is connected to the burner; the burner includes a combustion shell and a porous structure; the combustion shell is a box structure with one end open; the porous structure is arranged at the open end of the box; the igniter is arranged on the combustion shell, and is used to ignite the thermal runaway flue gas.

7. The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A protective cover is also arranged outside the combustion shell, and a plurality of convection holes are arranged on the protective cover.

8. An energy storage device, characterized in that: It comprises an energy storage box, a plurality of batteries and the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The buffer device is arranged in the energy storage box, and the ignition device is arranged above the top plate of the energy storage box.

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