Device for hot extrusion forming of H steel made of 304L

Abstract

The utility model discloses a device for hot extrusion forming of H steel made of 304L. The device comprises an external die holder, a special-shaped extrusion die, a special-shaped die support, an extrusion barrel, a solid extrusion pad and a solid extrusion rod, the special-shaped extrusion die and the special-shaped die support are arranged in the die holder, the die middle support and the die tail support are sequentially arranged behind the special-shaped extrusion die, and the special-shaped extrusion die comprises an inlet transition arc surface, a sizing belt, an outlet reverse conical surface, a special-shaped extrusion die hole cavity and a first positioning hole. According to the device for hot extrusion forming of the H steel made of 304L, the problem that demolding is difficult after extrusion is solved, production efficiency is improved, energy consumption is reduced, products high in size precision, good in appearance quality and uniform and compact in internal structure can be obtained through the device, the produced 304L H steel is suitable for being applied to the high-tech field of nuclear power equipment and the like, and the device gives full play to the plasticity of the material and has good application prospects. According to the H-shaped steel profile forming device, the structural model changing is convenient, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the size precision and the surface quality of the H-shaped steel profile are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of industrial processing equipment, in particular to a device for hot extrusion forming of H-steel made of 304L material. Background Art

[0002] Profiles are a kind of economical and efficient raw material with a reasonable cross-sectional area distribution and optimized strength-to-weight ratio. They have the characteristics of high structural strength, light weight and cost saving. They have been widely used as structural parts. In China, profile steel is generally formed by hot rolling and welding. With the continuous improvement of hot rolling technology and welding technology, the process technology of making profile steel by hot rolling forming method and welding method has matured. However, the production of profile steel by hot extrusion method has difficulties in demolding after extrusion, low efficiency and high energy consumption. Only small batch attempts have been made. However, since the hot extrusion method can be formed in one time and ensure surface quality, organizational properties and dimensional accuracy, the produced profile steel can be used in some high-end fields. Therefore, this method is favored by high-end fields.

[0003] Analysis of existing technical conditions: From the perspective of deformation characteristics, the extrusion process has the characteristics of three-dimensional compressive stress, which greatly exerts the plastic deformation ability of metals, can improve the organization of materials, and improve their mechanical properties. It is very suitable for the manufacture of high-end products such as stainless steel. Compared with welding forming, the hot extrusion forming method can avoid the appearance of welds and keep its overall performance consistent. Compared with hot rolling forming, the hot extrusion forming method is subjected to three-dimensional compressive stress during deformation, so the product organization is denser and formed in one time, and the dimensional accuracy is closer to the design size;

[0004] In the hot extrusion process, glass powder is used as a lubricant to prevent heat dissipation and lubricate. The appropriate extrusion die structure can give full play to the plasticity of the material.

[0005] In view of the above problems, it is urgent to carry out innovative design based on the original device structure. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a device for hot extrusion forming of H-steel made of 304L material, so as to solve the problems of difficulty in demoulding after extrusion, low efficiency, high energy consumption and only small batch attempts in the production of steel sections by the hot extrusion method proposed in the above background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a 304L H-steel hot extrusion forming device, comprising an external die base, a special-shaped extrusion die, a special-shaped die support, an extrusion barrel, a solid extrusion pad and a solid extrusion rod; the special-shaped extrusion die and the special-shaped die support are arranged inside the die base, and a die middle support and a die tail support are arranged in sequence behind the special-shaped extrusion die;

[0008] The special-shaped extrusion die comprises an inlet transition arc surface, a sizing belt, an outlet reverse cone surface, a special-shaped extrusion die cavity and a first positioning hole;

[0009] The special-shaped die support, die middle support and die tail support together play a role in fixing and supporting the extrusion die and bearing the extrusion force;

[0010] The right side of the external die seat entrance cone angle α is a cylindrical cavity with a length L1 of 10 mm, which can be installed from the side where the billet is extruded, solving the problem of die sticking and difficulty in demolding after extrusion.

[0011] Preferably, the extrusion barrel is composed of an inner lining, an intermediate lining and an outer shell, and the structural shape of the front end of the extrusion barrel is arranged corresponding to the structural shape of the die base; the gap between the solid extrusion rod and the inner lining of the extrusion barrel is 4mm~5mm, and the solid extrusion rod applies force to the blank through the solid extrusion pad to deform it; the position of the external die base for placing the special-shaped extrusion die is designed to be external, and the cone angle α of the external die base inlet is 24°~24.5°.

[0012] Preferably, the axial thickness of the special-shaped extrusion die is 40mm, the cone angle α' is equal to the cone angle α of the external die base entrance, the cylinder length L' is 10mm, the radius of the inlet transition arc surface is variable, ranging from R10mm to R16mm, the length of the sizing band is 10mm to 16mm, the chamfer size of the outlet reverse cone surface is 13°×8mm, the shape of the special-shaped extrusion die cavity is consistent with the shape of H-steel, the first positioning hole is a blind hole, and two first positioning holes are symmetrically arranged on the back side of the special-shaped extrusion die, with a size of φ17mm×8mm.

[0013] Preferably, the special-shaped mold support includes a special-shaped mold support cavity and a second positioning hole; the shape of the special-shaped mold support cavity is consistent with the cavity of the special-shaped extrusion mold, and the size of the special-shaped mold support cavity is 9mm to 16mm larger than the cavity of the special-shaped extrusion mold; the second positioning hole is arranged corresponding to the first positioning hole, the size of the die-center support cavity is 15mm to 20mm larger than the cavity of the mold support, and the size of the die-tail support cavity is 20mm to 25mm larger than the cavity of the die-center support, and there are two symmetrically arranged cylindrical locating pins between the special-shaped extrusion die and the special-shaped mold support, the cavity contour shapes of the die-center support and the die-tail support are both circular, and the top of the special-shaped mold support, the die-center support and the die-tail support are designed with lifting holes, and the bottom is fixed with a card slot.

[0014] Preferably, the length of the extrusion barrel lining is 1500mm, and the inner circle of the extrusion barrel lining has a taper of 0.3mm to 1mm in the length direction, the thickness of the lining is smaller than the thickness of the middle lining, and the thickness of the middle lining is smaller than the thickness of the outer shell, and four slide grooves are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the outer circumference of the extrusion barrel, and one of the slide grooves cooperates with the fixed slide at the bottom when in use.

[0015] Preferably, the gap between the outer circle of the solid extrusion pad and the inner hole of the extrusion barrel is 1.0mm~2.5mm, which increases appropriately as the outer circle increases. The length of the solid extrusion pad is 200mm~220mm. The front end of the solid extrusion pad is a blank, and a solid extrusion rod is provided at the rear end of the solid extrusion pad. The solid extrusion pad plays the role of transmitting the thrust of the solid extrusion rod.

[0016] Preferably, the length of the parallel section of the solid extrusion rod is equal to the length of the lining of the extrusion barrel, and the special-shaped extrusion die, special-shaped die support, extrusion barrel, solid extrusion pad and solid extrusion rod are all made of hot working die steel H13 with a hardness of HRC45-HRC52.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0018] 1. Solve the problem of demoulding difficulties after extrusion, improve production efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and transform large-section billets into small-section profiles;

[0019] 2. The device can produce products with high dimensional accuracy, good appearance quality, and uniform and dense internal structure. The 304L H steel produced is suitable for use in high-tech fields such as nuclear power equipment;

[0020] 3. Further, through the cooperation of the main dies such as the die base, the extrusion die, the extrusion barrel and the extrusion rod, the heated and lubricated billet is loaded into the extrusion barrel for extrusion, so that the billet is subjected to the three-dimensional compressive stress;

[0021] 4. Furthermore, the device gives full play to the plasticity of the material to produce H-steel profiles. The device is easy to change the structure, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the H-steel profiles are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the device of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional structure of the external mold base;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the external mold base;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a right view structural schematic diagram of a special-shaped extrusion die;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a right view structural diagram of the supporting cavity of the special-shaped mold;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the mold base assembly;

[0028] Figure 7It is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the extrusion barrel;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the extrusion barrel.

[0030] In the figure: 11, die tail support; 12, die middle support; 13, external die base; 14, special-shaped extrusion die; 141, inlet transition arc surface; 142, sizing belt; 143, outlet reverse cone surface; 144, special-shaped extrusion die cavity; 145, first positioning hole; 15, special-shaped die support; 154, special-shaped die support cavity; 155, second positioning hole; 16, positioning pin; 21, lining; 22, middle lining; 23, outer shell; 24, extrusion barrel; 31, solid extrusion pad; 32, solid extrusion rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0032] The utility model discloses a device for hot extrusion forming of H steel made of 304L material. Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the problem of difficult demoulding after extrusion in the existing device is solved;

[0033] It includes an external die base 13, a special-shaped extrusion die 14, a special-shaped die support 15, an extrusion barrel 24, a solid extrusion pad 31 and a solid extrusion rod 32; the special-shaped extrusion die 14 and the special-shaped die support 15 are arranged inside the die base, and a die middle support 12 and a die tail support 11 are arranged in sequence behind the special-shaped extrusion die 14;

[0034] The special-shaped extrusion die 14 includes an inlet transition arc surface 141, a sizing belt 142, an outlet reverse cone surface 143, a special-shaped extrusion die cavity 144 and a first positioning hole 145;

[0035] The special-shaped die support 15, the die middle support 12 and the die tail support 11 together play a role in fixing and supporting the extrusion die and bearing the extrusion force;

[0036] The right side of the inlet cone angle α of the external die holder 13 is a cylindrical cavity with a length L1 of 10 mm, which can be installed from the side where the billet is extruded, solving the problem of die sticking and difficulty in demoulding after extrusion.

[0037] The extrusion barrel 24 is composed of an inner liner 21, an intermediate liner 22 and an outer shell 23. The front end structure of the extrusion barrel is arranged in a corresponding shape to the die base structure. The gap between the solid extrusion rod 32 and the inner liner 21 of the extrusion barrel is 4 mm to 5 mm. The solid extrusion rod 32 applies force to the blank through the solid extrusion pad 31 to deform it. The position of the external die base 13 for placing the special-shaped extrusion die 14 is designed to be external, and the inlet cone angle α of the external die base 13 is 24° to 24.5°.

[0038] The axial thickness of the special-shaped extrusion die 14 is 40 mm, the angle α' of the cone surface is equal to the value of the cone surface angle α of the inlet of the external die base 13, the length L' of the cylinder is 10 mm, the radius of the inlet transition arc surface 141 is variable, the range is R10 mm to R16 mm, the length of the sizing belt 142 is 10 mm to 16 mm, the chamfer size of the outlet reverse cone surface 143 is 13°×8 mm, the shape of the special-shaped extrusion die cavity 144 is consistent with the shape of the H steel, the first positioning hole 145 is a blind hole, and the first positioning hole 145 is symmetrically arranged on the back side of the special-shaped extrusion die 14, and the size is φ17 mm×8 mm;

[0039] The special-shaped mold support 15 includes a special-shaped mold support cavity 154 and a second positioning hole 155; the shape of the special-shaped mold support cavity 154 is consistent with the special-shaped extrusion mold cavity 144, and the size of the special-shaped mold support cavity 154 is 9mm to 16mm larger than the size of the special-shaped extrusion mold cavity 144; the second positioning hole 155 is arranged corresponding to the first positioning hole 145, the cavity size of the mold center support 12 is 15mm to 20mm larger than the cavity size of the mold support 15, and the cavity size of the mold tail support 11 is 20mm to 25mm larger than the cavity size of the mold center support 12. There are two symmetrically arranged cylindrical positioning pins 16 between the special-shaped extrusion mold 14 and the special-shaped mold support 15. The cavity contour shapes of the mold center support 12 and the mold tail support 11 are both circular, and hoisting holes are designed on the top of the special-shaped mold support 15, the mold center support 12 and the mold tail support 11;

[0040] The length of the extrusion barrel liner 21 is 1500 mm, and the inner circle of the extrusion barrel liner 21 has a taper of 0.3 mm to 1 mm in the length direction. The thickness of the liner 21 is less than the thickness of the middle liner 22, and the thickness of the middle liner 22 is less than the thickness of the outer shell 23. Four slideway grooves are evenly arranged in the outer circumferential direction of the extrusion barrel 24.

[0041] The gap between the outer circle of the solid extrusion pad 31 and the inner hole of the extrusion barrel 24 is 1.0mm-2.5mm, which increases appropriately as the outer circle increases. The length of the solid extrusion pad 31 is 200mm-220mm. The front end of the solid extrusion pad 31 is a blank, and the rear end of the solid extrusion pad 31 is provided with a solid extrusion rod 32;

[0042] The length of the parallel section of the solid extrusion rod 32 is equal to the length of the extrusion barrel liner 21. The special-shaped extrusion die 14, the special-shaped die support 15, the extrusion barrel 24, the solid extrusion pad 31 and the solid extrusion rod 32 are all made of hot working die steel H13 with a hardness of HRC45 to HRC52.

[0043] The process of producing 304L H steel profiles by using the utility model is as follows: firstly, according to the size of the H steel to be produced, a mold such as a special-shaped extrusion mold 14 of a corresponding size is installed, and after the billet heated to a temperature is coated with a glass powder lubricant, it is loaded into the extrusion barrel 24, and then the solid extrusion rod 32 pushes the solid extrusion pad 31 and the billet to move to the left side to the glass pad at the front end of the special-shaped extrusion mold 14;

[0044] The solid extrusion rod 32 continues to push forward, and presses the billet through the solid extrusion pad 31, firstly making the billet upset and deform, eliminating the gap between the outer circle of the billet and the inner wall of the extrusion barrel 24, and then the billet is extruded into the special-shaped extrusion die cavity 144 to become an H-steel profile. When the solid extrusion rod 32 advances to the limit stop, 40mm to 60mm of unpressed billet residue is left in the extrusion barrel 24, and then the locking switch of the extrusion barrel 24 is opened, and the extrusion barrel 24 is withdrawn. At the same time, the billet residue, the solid extrusion pad 31 and the solid extrusion rod 32 are withdrawn together, and the billet residue is cut off from the H-steel profile. The H-steel is transported from the outlet direction of the extruder to the solid solution pool for cooling, and this extrusion process is completed.

[0045] The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in this field.

[0046] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for hot extrusion forming of H-steel made of 304L, comprising an external die base (13), a special-shaped extrusion die (14), a special-shaped die support (15), an extrusion barrel (24), a solid extrusion pad (31) and a solid extrusion rod (32); the special-shaped extrusion die (14) and the special-shaped die support (15) are arranged inside the die base, and a die middle support (12) and a die tail support (11) are arranged in sequence behind the special-shaped extrusion die (14); It is characterized in that Also includes: The special-shaped extrusion die (14) comprises an inlet transition arc surface (141), a sizing belt (142), an outlet reverse cone surface (143), a special-shaped extrusion die cavity (144) and a first positioning hole (145); The special-shaped die support (15), the die middle support (12) and the die tail support (11) together play a role in fixing and supporting the extrusion die and bearing the extrusion force; The right side of the inlet cone angle α of the external mold base (13) is a cylindrical cavity with a length L1 of 10 mm, which can be installed from the side where the blank is extruded, thus solving the problem of mold sticking and difficulty in demoulding after extrusion.

2. The device for hot extrusion forming of H-steel made of 304L material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion barrel (24) is composed of an inner liner (21), an intermediate liner (22) and an outer shell (23), and the front end structure of the extrusion barrel is arranged in a corresponding shape to the die base structure; the gap between the solid extrusion rod (32) and the inner liner (21) of the extrusion barrel is 4 mm to 5 mm, and the solid extrusion rod (32) applies force to the blank through the solid extrusion pad (31) to deform the blank; the position of the external die base (13) for placing the special-shaped extrusion die (14) is designed to be external, and the inlet cone angle α of the external die base (13) is 24° to 24.5°.

3. The device for hot extrusion forming of H-steel made of 304L material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axial thickness of the special-shaped extrusion die (14) is 40 mm, the angle α' of the conical surface is equal to the value of the inlet conical surface angle α of the external die base (13), the length L' of the cylinder is 10 mm, the radius of the inlet transition arc surface (141) is variable, ranging from R10 mm to R16 mm, the length of the sizing belt (142) is 10 mm to 16 mm, the chamfer size of the outlet reverse cone surface (143) is 13°×8 mm, the shape of the special-shaped extrusion die cavity (144) is consistent with the shape of H steel, the first positioning hole (145) is a blind hole, and two first positioning holes (145) are symmetrically arranged on the back side of the special-shaped extrusion die (14), with a size of φ17 mm×8 mm.

4. The device for hot extrusion forming of H-steel made of 304L material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The special-shaped die support (15) comprises a special-shaped die support cavity (154) and a second positioning hole (155); the shape of the special-shaped die support cavity (154) is consistent with the special-shaped extrusion die cavity (144), and the size of the special-shaped die support cavity (154) is 9 mm to 16 mm larger than the size of the special-shaped extrusion die cavity (144); the second positioning hole (155) is arranged corresponding to the first positioning hole (145), and the cavity size of the die support (12) is larger than that of the die support (15). The cavity size is 15 mm to 20 mm larger, the cavity size of the die tail support (11) is 20 mm to 25 mm larger than the cavity size of the die middle support (12), two symmetrically arranged cylindrical positioning pins (16) are arranged between the special-shaped extrusion die (14) and the special-shaped die support (15), the cavity contour shapes of the die middle support (12) and the die tail support (11) are both circular, and hanging holes are designed on the top of the special-shaped die support (15), the die middle support (12) and the die tail support (11).

5. The device for hot extrusion forming of H-steel made of 304L material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The length of the extrusion barrel liner (21) is 1500 mm, and the inner circle of the extrusion barrel liner (21) has a taper of 0.3 mm to 1 mm in the length direction. The thickness of the liner (21) is smaller than the thickness of the middle liner (22), and the thickness of the middle liner (22) is smaller than the thickness of the outer shell (23). Four slideway grooves are evenly arranged in the outer circumferential direction of the extrusion barrel (24).

6. The device for hot extrusion forming of H-steel made of 304L material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gap between the outer circle of the solid extrusion pad (31) and the inner hole of the extrusion barrel (24) is 1.0 mm to 2.5 mm, and increases appropriately as the outer circle increases. The length of the solid extrusion pad (31) is 200 mm to 220 mm. The front end of the solid extrusion pad (31) is a blank, and the rear end of the solid extrusion pad (31) is provided with a solid extrusion rod (32).

7. The device for hot extrusion forming of H-steel made of 304L material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The length of the parallel section of the solid extrusion rod (32) is equal to the length of the extrusion barrel liner (21); the special-shaped extrusion die (14), the special-shaped die support (15), the extrusion barrel (24), the solid extrusion pad (31) and the solid extrusion rod (32) are all made of hot working die steel H13 with a hardness of HRC45 to HRC52.

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