Novel automatic feedback type anti-breaking micro drill bit drilling device for machining micro hole by lathe
By designing a drilling device with a micro feed adjustment device and a drilling device with an automatic feedback ratchet overload and slip protection structure on the lathe, the problem of drilling bits being easily broken when drilling micro holes is solved, and efficient and high yield micro hole processing is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421329274.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-11
AI Technical Summary
When drilling fine holes on the lathe, the drill bit is easy to break, difficult to process, and has a high scrap rate. Especially when the drilling hole diameter is less than 0.8 mm, the break rate reaches more than 95%.
A new type of drilling device for automatic feedback micro-drilling bits for lathe machining micro-holes is designed, using a micro-feeding adjustment device and an automatic feedback ratchet overload and slip protection structure for drilling force to achieve synchronous control of micro-feeding and drilling force.
It effectively avoids the drill bit breaking due to excessive force and feed during drilling, improves the yield of parts, reduces production costs, and expands the aperture range of the lathe drilling micro-holes.
Smart Images
Figure CN222536364U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to a novel drilling device for preventing a micro drill bit from breaking and processing micro holes on a lathe in the field of industrial machinery parts processing. Background Art
[0002] At present, ordinary lathes are widely used in mechanical processing workshops. Before drilling on the lathe, the drill bit and the drill chuck must be installed on the tailstock sleeve of the lathe, and then the tailstock is moved to the vicinity of the workpiece so that the tip of the drill bit is close to the end face of the workpiece. Then the tailstock is locked, the appropriate spindle speed is selected, the lathe is started, the workpiece on the chuck is rotated, and then the feed handwheel at the rear end of the lathe tailstock is slowly turned by hand to drill the processed parts.
[0003] like Figure 1 When using the common drilling tool (Morse taper shank drill chuck) equipped with the lathe tailstock to drill holes, when the feed handwheel of the tailstock is turned to feed the holes, since the drilling feed is implemented through the screw thread transmission (the screw pitch is 3 mm), the drill feed is 3 mm every time the feed handwheel rotates one circle. The force and feed during drilling are difficult to control. For drilling larger holes (holes with a diameter greater than 5 mm) on the workpiece, the drilling operation is relatively easy to complete.
[0004] When drilling, as long as the feed rate and the spindle (connecting chuck) rotation speed are set reasonably and the operator has corresponding technical experience, the drill bit will not break under normal circumstances. However, for small holes with a diameter less than 1.5 mm, even if the operator is experienced, if the screw feed mechanism currently equipped on the tailstock of an ordinary lathe is used for drilling operations, the drill bit will most likely break and cause waste. For example, if it is necessary to drill a micro hole with a diameter less than 0.8 mm, the drill bit breakage rate is more than 95%, and it is difficult to perform drilling processing. Utility Model Content
[0005] In order to solve the problems of easy breakage, difficulty in processing and high scrap rate in drilling micro holes on lathes, the utility model provides a new type of drilling device for anti-breakage of micro drill with automatic feedback type for processing micro holes on lathes, and specifically relates to a new type of drilling device for drilling micro holes (aperture 1 mm to 0.2 mm) on parts on ordinary lathes, and capable of controlling the drilling feed amount at any time during the drilling process---the new type of drilling device for micro holes can be used for drilling with a micro feed progressively in the order of a wire (0.01 mm). The utility model can prevent the micro drill bit from breaking due to excessive drilling force and feed amount during the drilling operation, thereby causing the processed parts to be scrapped, and can complete the lathe processing operation of drilling micro holes on parts efficiently and with a high yield rate.
[0006] Practice has proved that the new lathe micro-hole drilling device can smoothly perform part processing of drilling micro-holes on ordinary lathes, realizing the possibility of lathe drilling and processing of micro-holes, and can complete the turning and micro-hole drilling of parts on the lathe at one time, without the need to take the processed parts to other equipment for micro-hole processing, which greatly reduces the production cost and expands the aperture range of lathe drilling and processing of micro-holes (aperture 1 mm to 0.2 mm), while reducing the requirements for the operator's skill level for lathe drilling and processing of micro-holes, thereby improving production efficiency.
[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is: a new type of drilling device with automatic feedback and anti-breakage of micro drill bits for lathe processing micro holes, which is mainly used for drilling micro holes of various ordinary lathes in the field of mechanical processing. The new drilling device is mainly composed of a micro-feed adjustment device, a small drill chuck, and a gourd-shaped bracket. The micro-feed adjustment device is installed at the left end of the gourd-shaped bracket, and is assembled with an interference fit with the left end hole of the gourd-shaped bracket through a fixed sleeve. The small drill chuck is installed on the micrometer screw of the left end part of the micro-feed device, and is combined and connected through a connecting piece. The gourd-shaped bracket is connected and fixed to the Morse taper hole in the tailstock sleeve of the lathe through the Morse taper shank installed at the rear thereof. When drilling micro holes, select drill bits of different diameters according to the size of the hole to be drilled, install the drill bit on the drill chuck, and then slowly turn the rotating handle by hand. Control the feed speed through the micro-feed adjustment device to perform micro-feed drilling. For each rotation of the movable sleeve of the micro-feed adjustment device, the drill chuck will advance 0.5 mm, that is, the feed amount is 0.5 mm / revolution. The movable sleeve has a total of 50 scales. For each rotation of 1 grid by hand, the drill chuck feed amount is 0.01 mm (one wire).
[0008] The novel drilling device adopts a micro-feed adjustment device and a drilling force automatic feedback ratchet overload slip protection structure. The micro-feed adjustment device comprises: a fixed sleeve, a fixed sleeve surface scale, a fixed sleeve scale fastening nut, a movable sleeve, a micrometer screw, a cover, a driven ratchet, an active ratchet, a drilling pressure sensing feedback spring, a manual rotating handle, and a fastening bolt.
[0009] The surface of the fixed sleeve of the part on the micro-feed adjustment device is equipped with a scale, and the fixed sleeve has an internal thread with a pitch of 0.5 mm. The thread on the right side of the micrometer screw can rotate along the internal thread and be centered with a shaft sleeve. There is a movable sleeve (with 50 scale lines engraved on it) outside the fixed sleeve, which is connected to the cone on the right end face of the micrometer screw with a tapered hole. Loosening the cover can separate the micrometer screw from the movable sleeve to adjust the zero line position. Turning the rotating handle will cause the micrometer screw to move forward. When the drill bit on the drill chuck at the left end of the micrometer screw encounters too much resistance during drilling (feed amount is too large, feed speed is too fast), the drilling pressure sensing feedback spring causes the active ratchet to slip on the inclined surface of the driven ratchet. When the active ratchet slides over the driven ratchet, a squeaking sound occurs. At this time, the drill bit will automatically pause and continue to feed forward to drill, thus avoiding drill bit breakage due to excessive drilling force and too fast feed speed, resulting in scrapped processed parts.
[0010] The pitch of the right end thread of the micrometer screw on the micro-feed adjustment device is 0.5 mm. When the movable sleeve rotates one circle, the shaft rod advances 0.5 mm. Each grid scale on the fixed sleeve (main scale) is 0.5 mm. There are 50 grids engraved on the circumference of the movable sleeve. Therefore, when the movable sleeve rotates one grid, that is, when it rotates 7.2 degrees, the micrometer screw advances 0.01 mm, thereby driving the drill bit to feed 0.01 mm. Since the movable sleeve can achieve a small amount (0.01 mm) of movement of the shaft rod every time it rotates one grid, the micro-feed adjustment device can well realize micro-feed drilling. For drilling micro holes, especially holes with a diameter of less than 0.8 mm, the drilling operation can be carried out smoothly and the yield rate of processed parts can be greatly improved.
[0011] At the same time, the elastic force of the spring on the device can be easily adjusted to make the ratchet slip by adjusting the fastening bolt, so as to meet the drilling requirements of parts with different hardness.
[0012] The utility model provides a new drilling device for lathe micro-drill bit anti-breakage with automatic feedback for micro-hole processing. It adopts the structural design of a micro-feed adjustment device and a drilling force automatic feedback ratchet overload slip protection device. Through the threaded micro-feed adjustment mechanism and the spring ratchet overload slip protection mechanism, the micro-feed and drilling force can be synchronously controlled, which solves the technical problems of micro-hole processing difficulty, extremely low yield and drill bit breakage in lathe drilling, and provides good economic benefits for enterprise production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;
[0014] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the drill chuck, movable sleeve and gourd-shaped bracket;
[0015] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the appearance;
[0016] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Exploded diagram of
[0017] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the micrometer screw, cover and driven ratchet.
[0018] In the figure: 1, drill chuck, 2, connecting part, 3, fixed sleeve, 4, scale, 5, sleeve, 6, movable sleeve, 7, micrometer screw, 8, cover, 9, driven ratchet, 10, active ratchet 2, 11, pressure sensing feedback spring, 12, rotating handle, 13, fastening bolt, 14, gourd-shaped bracket, 15, lathe, 16, spindle box, 17, chuck, 18, workpiece, 19, tailstock, 20, tailstock feed handwheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0020] Example 1, see Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 The novel drilling device comprises: a drill chuck 1, a connecting piece 2, a fixed sleeve 3, a scale 4, a sleeve 5, a movable sleeve 6, a micrometer screw 7, a cover 8, a driven ratchet pawl 9, an active ratchet 10, a drilling pressure sensing feedback spring 11, a manual rotating handle 12, a fastening bolt 13, and a gourd-shaped bracket 14.
[0021] A scale 4 is fixedly connected to one outer side wall of the fixed sleeve 3, and the other side of the fixed sleeve 3 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the gourd-shaped bracket 14. The fixed sleeve 3 is rotatably connected to the movable sleeve 6 through the shaft sleeve 5. The inner wall of the fixed sleeve 3 is threadedly connected to a micrometer screw 7, and the micrometer screw 7 extends to the inside of the movable sleeve 6. A cover 8 is installed on the side of the micrometer screw 7 away from the fixed sleeve 3, and the cover 8 passes through the micrometer screw 7. A rotating handle 12 is fixedly connected to one side of the cover 8, and the rotating handle 12 is fixedly connected to the micrometer screw 7 through a fastening bolt 13.
[0022] The protection device comprises a driven ratchet 9, an active ratchet 10 and a pressure sensing feedback spring 11;
[0023] The driven ratchet 9 is meshed with an active ratchet 10 on one side, and a pressure-sensing feedback spring 11 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the active ratchet 10. One side of the pressure-sensing feedback spring 11 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of a rotating handle 12. The driven ratchet 9, the active ratchet 10 and the pressure-sensing feedback spring (11) respectively penetrate the micrometer screw 7, and the driven ratchet 9 is mounted on the outer wall of the cover 8.
[0024] The micro-feed adjustment device is installed at the left end of the gourd-shaped bracket 14, and is assembled by interference fit with the left end hole of the gourd-shaped bracket 14 through the fixing sleeve 3. The small drill chuck 1 is installed on the micro-measuring screw 7 of the left end part of the micro-feed device, and is assembled and connected through the connecting piece 2. The right end of the gourd-shaped bracket 14 is connected and fixed with the Morse taper hole in the tailstock sleeve of the lathe through the Morse taper handle (such as Figure 1 When drilling micro holes, select drill bits of different diameters according to the size of the hole to be drilled, install the drill bit on the drill chuck, and then slowly turn the rotary handle 12 by hand to control the feed speed through the micro-feed adjustment device to perform micro-feed drilling. Each time the movable sleeve 6 of the micro-feed adjustment device rotates one circle, the drill bit will advance 0.5 mm, that is, the feed amount is 0.5 mm / revolution. The movable sleeve 6 has a total of 50 scales. Each time the manual rotation is 1 grid, the drill bit advances by 0.01 mm (one wire).
[0025] The fixed sleeve 3 and the micrometer screw 7 are assembled by thread matching, and the internal thread of the fixed sleeve 3 and the external thread of the micrometer screw 7 are both M8×0.5 fine pitch threads. The movable sleeve 6 (with 50 grid scale lines engraved thereon) is connected to the cone on the right end face of the micrometer screw 7 by a tapered hole. When the movable sleeve 6 rotates 7.2 degrees, it can drive the micrometer screw 7 to advance 0.01 mm, thereby realizing micro-feed drilling, avoiding the breakage of the drill bit due to too fast feed speed during drilling, resulting in waste.
[0026] Example 2, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4When drilling micro holes, the whole new device is installed on the tailstock sleeve of an ordinary lathe through the cooperation of the Morse taper shank sleeve, and a suitable drill bit is selected according to the diameter of the micro hole in the drawing, and the drill bit is installed on the drill chuck 1. Loosen the locking device of the lathe tailstock, push the tailstock toward the workpiece until the micro drill bit is close to the end face of the workpiece, and then lock the tailstock to ensure that the tailstock is fixed. Put your fingers into the hollow position of the gourd-shaped bracket 14, pinch and turn the rotating handle 12 with your thumb, index finger and middle finger at the same time, so that the drill bit slowly feeds forward to perform the drilling operation. During the drilling process, if you hear a squeaking ratchet slipping sound, it means that the rotation feed speed is too fast and the drill bit encounters too much resistance to drilling. Due to the action of the drilling pressure sensing feedback spring 11, the active ratchet 10 slips on the inclined surface of the driven ratchet 9, thereby making a squeaking sound. The device immediately and automatically initiates a feedback protection response and suspends the "overfeed" drilling. At this time, just reduce the manual rotation speed appropriately (reduce the feed amount), and the ratchet pair will reset and engage again under the action of the spring thrust, and the drilling process can be continued instantly, thereby avoiding the drill bit breakage due to excessive drilling force and achieving smooth micro-hole drilling.
[0027] In view of the technical problems that it is difficult to drill micro-fine holes on ordinary lathes, the drill bit is very easy to break, and the scrap rate is very high, the utility model can control micro-feed drilling at any time, and when drilling parts of materials with different hardness, it is only necessary to adjust the fastening bolt 13 to adjust the spring force of the pressure sensing spring. Rotating the fastening bolt 13 in the clockwise direction can increase the spring force of the spring, thereby increasing the feed drilling force, and rotating the fastening bolt 13 in the counterclockwise direction can reduce the spring force of the spring, thereby reducing the feed drilling force. The utility model is novel in design, convenient and reliable in use. Practice has proved that the new drilling device can drill micro-feed holes, greatly improves the product qualification rate of lathe drilling micro-fine holes, and at the same time reduces the skill level requirements for operators, with good economic benefits.
[0028] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A new type of drilling device for lathe processing micro holes with automatic feedback and anti-breakage of micro drill bits, characterized by: A gourd-shaped bracket (14) is provided on one side of the top of the lathe (15), and a micro-feed adjustment device is provided inside the gourd-shaped bracket (14); The micro-feed adjustment device comprises a fixed sleeve (3), a scale (4), a shaft sleeve (5), a movable sleeve (6), a micrometer screw (7), a cover (8), a rotating handle (12) and a fastening bolt (13); A scale (4) is fixedly connected to an outer side wall of the fixed sleeve (3); the other side of the fixed sleeve (3) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the gourd-shaped bracket (14); the fixed sleeve (3) is rotatably connected to the movable sleeve (6) through a shaft sleeve (5); a micrometer screw (7) is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed sleeve (3); the micrometer screw (7) extends into the interior of the movable sleeve (6); a cover (8) is installed on the side of the micrometer screw (7) away from the fixed sleeve (3); the cover (8) passes through the micrometer screw (7); a rotating handle (12) is fixedly connected to one side of the cover (8); the rotating handle (12) is fixedly connected to the micrometer screw (7) through a fastening bolt (13).
2. The new type of drilling device for lathe micro-hole machining with automatic feedback and anti-breakage of micro-drill bit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A protective device is provided inside the movable sleeve (6); The protection device comprises a driven ratchet (9), an active ratchet (10) and a pressure-sensitive feedback spring (11); The driven ratchet (9) is meshed with an active ratchet (10) on one side, and a pressure-sensing feedback spring (11) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the active ratchet (10), and one side of the pressure-sensing feedback spring (11) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of a rotating handle (12). The driven ratchet (9), the active ratchet (10) and the pressure-sensing feedback spring (11) respectively penetrate the micrometer screw (7), and the driven ratchet (9) is mounted on the outer wall of the cover (8).
3. The new type of drilling device for lathe micro-hole machining with automatic feedback and anti-breakage of micro-drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed sleeve (3) is fixedly connected to the drill chuck (1) via a connecting piece (2).