Wire guide device for laser machining head for build-up welding and laser machining head for laser build-up welding

Abstract

The utility model relates to a wire guiding device (200) for a laser machining head (100) for build-up welding by means of a laser beam (10), comprising a plurality of guiding parts (210, 220) which are arranged one behind the other in order to guide a welding wire (2), two of the guiding parts (210, 220) being movably coupled to one another by means of a coupling element (230), the second guide portion (220) of the two guide portions (210, 220) is displaceable and / or tiltable relative to the first guide portion (210) of the two guide portions (210, 220). A laser machining head (100) for laser build-up welding comprises a wire guiding device (200) according to the above description.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a wire guiding device of a laser processing head for cladding welding, in particular a laser melting welding head, and a laser processing head for cladding welding comprising a wire guiding device. The utility model particularly relates to a wire guiding device having a plurality of guiding parts, which are movably coupled to each other. Background Art

[0002] Laser build-up welding (abbreviated as "build-up welding") is an additive manufacturing method in which a build-up material (e.g. as a wire) is melted by means of a laser beam and connected to at least one workpiece. The laser welding head directs the laser beam emitted from a laser source or the end of a laser-conducting fiber onto a processing area on the workpiece. A wire guide supplies the wire (also called welding wire) to the processing area. The wire guide can be arranged on or in the laser processing head.

[0003] Here, the wire guide must be protected from collisions with other objects, such as the workpiece itself or with other elements of the laser deposition welding system. A collision can be regarded as an unintentional contact of the wire guide with other objects, in particular the workpiece surface. Protection is required to protect the wire guide and the laser welding head from damage caused by the collision. Conventional solutions for collision protection provide a desired disconnection point on the wire guide, which breaks in the event of a collision and protects the laser welding head or other elements of the wire guide from damage.

[0004] This solution has the disadvantage that the desired disconnection point must be replaced after a collision. This replacement is costly and takes time, during which the laser welding head cannot be used. In addition, conventional wire guides do not allow adjustment, in particular of the wire guide direction and / or the wire orientation on or in the processing zone. Utility Model Content

[0005] The object is to provide an improved wire guide for a laser processing head for depositing welding and a laser processing head having such a wire guide. In particular, the object of the invention is to provide a wire guide having improved collision protection.

[0006] A further object is to provide a wire guide for a laser processing head for depositing welding and a laser processing head having such a wire guide which allows adjustment, in particular adjustment of the wire guiding direction, the wire feed position and / or the wire orientation.

[0007] The invention is based on the recognition that due to the desired disconnection point, non-destructive collision protection cannot be achieved, but the wire guide must be replaced after a collision. In addition, the invention is based on the recognition that conventional wire guides are designed as rigid components, ie components in which all elements are fixedly connected to each other.

[0008] The utility model is based on the following basic idea: the wire guide device can be provided with (at least) two guide parts for welding wire that can be reversibly loosened and / or can be movably coupled to each other. In the event of a collision, the part that is collided can be loosened from the other part or offset or displaced about the other part to avoid damage to the workpiece and / or the wire guide. In particular, the element with the desired disconnection position can be replaced by two guide parts for welding wire that can be loosely and / or movably coupled to each other. Therefore, in the event of a collision, the guide parts can move relative to each other without having to break, that is, irreversibly separate or destroy. After the collision, the two guide parts can be aligned or coupled to each other again. The welding wire can be simply tracked, and the part of the welding wire that is bent due to the relative movement or reversible separation of the guide parts can be separated from the rest of the welding wire. Thereafter, the build-up welding can be immediately resumed. Therefore, the duration of the interruption of the build-up welding due to the collision can be significantly shortened. In addition, the cost for replacing the wire guide (part), for example, the element with the desired disconnection position, can be saved. Non-destructively implement collision protection.

[0009] At least one of the above-mentioned objects is achieved by the subject matter of the technical solution of the present invention. Advantageous embodiments and developments are the subject matter of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0010] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a wire guiding device of a laser processing head for surfacing welding with the aid of a laser beam is provided. The wire guiding device comprises a plurality of guiding parts, which are arranged in sequence to guide the welding wire. Two of the plurality of guiding parts are movably coupled to each other by a coupling element, wherein one guiding part can be displaced and / or tilted relative to the other guiding part. Preferably, the second guiding part can be displaced and / or tilted and / or releasable relative to the first guiding part. The first guiding part can be fixedly arranged with respect to the beam propagation direction of the laser beam and / or with respect to a predetermined wire guiding direction. For example, the first guiding part can be fastened to the laser processing head, preferably externally fastened to the housing of the laser processing head.

[0011] The guide parts can be arranged one behind the other along the wire guiding direction and / or along the longitudinal axis of the guide parts and / or along the beam propagation direction.

[0012] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a laser processing head for laser deposition welding by means of a laser beam is provided, the laser processing head comprising a wire guiding device according to an aspect of the present disclosure.

[0013] Aspects of the disclosure may have one or more of the following optional features.

[0014] Displacement or "displaceability" refers to translational movement in one direction, and tilting or "tiltability" refers to rotational movement around an axis of rotation, especially an axis of rotation perpendicular to one or two longitudinal axes of the guide portion. "About" means relative to each other. "Moveably coupled to each other" parts mean that these parts have a defined orientation relative to each other in a static position, but can move relative to each other (i.e., especially tilt and / or shift and / or loosen) to an offset position. The retention in the static position can be caused by a coupling device. The movement can be caused by an external force acting on at least one of the guide parts, for example, by contacting the guide part by another object. These parts can be arranged adjacent to each other in a static position and loosen from each other during movement. In the present disclosure, "loose" means "reversibly loose". "Move relative to each other" can mean displacement relative to each other and / or tilt relative to each other. Orientation relative to each other also includes position relative to each other.

[0015] A plurality of guide elements may be provided for guiding the welding wire along a predetermined wire guiding direction. Each of the guide portions may have a channel (guide channel) for guiding the welding wire. Each of the guide portions may be arranged and / or constructed so that the guide channel of the corresponding guide element extends along a predetermined wire guiding direction. The guide channels of a plurality of guide portions may be arranged concentrically and / or aligned with each other, especially in a stationary position. In other words, the guide portions of the wire guide may be arranged coaxially with each other in a stationary position or a desired position. The inclination and / or displacement of the guide portions relative to each other may mean that the longitudinal axes of the guide portions are inclined and / or displaced relative to each other. The longitudinal axis of the guide portion may be defined as the center line of the guide portion and / or the center line of the guide channel of the guide portion. The longitudinal axis of the guide portion may correspond to the axis of symmetry of the guide portion. Alternatively or additionally, the inclination and / or displacement of the second guide portion may also be performed relative to the beam propagation direction of the laser beam.

[0016] The coupling element can be arranged to couple the two guide parts movably (especially releasably) to each other using a holding force (especially a magnetic force and / or a spring force). The magnetic force can also be referred to as a magnetic holding force. The spring force can also be referred to as an elastic return force. Therefore, the holding force can hold the two guide parts in a stationary position. With this, a technically simple and cost-effective possibility of holding the two guide parts in a stationary position can be provided. The holding force can be selected so that the second guide part is loosened from the first guide part and tilted and / or displaced relative to the first guide part by contact or collision with an object (such as a workpiece or another element) by the second guide part. When the laser processing head with the wire guide device moves relative to the workpiece, contact may occur, for example. The holding force can be selected so that it is greater than the weight of the second guide part and, if necessary, greater than the weight of the element (such as an intermediate tube and / or a wire nozzle) arranged or fastened on the second guide part. In particular, a magnetic and / or elastic force lock between the two guide parts can be provided by the coupling device.

[0017] The coupling element may comprise at least one magnet, which is arranged on one of the two guide parts (on the first or second guide part), in particular fastened thereto, and which is configured to couple the two guide parts movably and / or releasably to one another. The wire guide device or at least one of its guide parts may consist of or comprise a ferromagnetic material (in particular magnetic stainless steel). In particular, the other of the two guide parts (the second or first guide part) may comprise a ferromagnetic material. Thus, a magnetic force for coupling the two guide parts can be provided in a simple manner. The magnet may exert a magnetic force on the two guide elements.

[0018] The at least one magnet can be designed rotationally symmetrically and / or as a ring magnet. Alternatively or additionally, the coupling element can include a plurality of magnets which are arranged symmetrically, in particular rotationally symmetrically, with respect to the longitudinal axis of the first guide part and / or the second guide part and / or with respect to the beam propagation direction of the laser beam. This ensures that the contacting leads to a movement of the guide parts relative to one another in a direction-independent and uniform manner, thereby ensuring reliable collision protection.

[0019] The coupling element can include a pot-shaped region. The pot-shaped region can be fastened to the first or second guide part, depending on which guide part the magnet is fastened to. The magnet can be arranged in the pot-shaped region and / or fastened to the pot-shaped region. In other words, the coupling element can be configured as a pot-shaped magnet.

[0020] A part of the wire guiding device can be formed in one piece with the coupling element or a part thereof. For example, the second guide part can be formed in one piece with the coupling element, in particular with the pot-shaped region.

[0021] The at least one magnet can also maintain its magnetic force at temperatures above 100° C., for example at 200° C. The at least one magnet can include samarium and / or cobalt or be formed from a samarium-cobalt alloy or include a samarium-cobalt alloy. This ensures that the magnet maintains its magnetic force even at high temperatures, such as those generated in the processing zone on the workpiece during laser cladding.

[0022] Alternatively or additionally, the coupling element may comprise at least one spring. The at least one spring may be connected to each of the two guide parts. The at least one spring may couple the two guide parts to each other movably, i.e., in particular tiltably and / or displaceably and / or releasably. The at least one spring may be configured as a helical spring, in particular a compression helical spring, or as a leaf spring. For example, in the case of a helical spring, one end of the helical spring may be connected to the first guide part, and the second end of the helical spring may be connected to the second guide part. The spring may apply a spring force to the two guide elements.

[0023] The wire guide device may further comprise an adjusting device for adjusting or setting the wire supply position and / or the wire guiding direction and / or the wire orientation. The adjusting device may be arranged to displace one of the at least two guide portions relative to the other of the two guide portions in a plane perpendicular to the wire guiding direction and / or perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the guide portion and / or the second guide portion and / or perpendicular to the beam propagation direction of the laser beam. Preferably, the adjusting device may displace the second guide portion relative to the first guide portion. With the aid of the adjusting device, it is possible to provide an adjustment of the channel for guiding the welding wire and thus provide an adjustment of the position of the wire (wire supply position), in particular the position of the wire with respect to the laser processing head or with respect to the laser beam. In particular, the position and / or orientation of the channel or the wire supply member may be adjusted. By means of the adjustment, it may be ensured in particular that the wire is always guided to the processing area along a predetermined wire guiding direction (in particular concentrically with the laser beam) and / or meets the laser beam at a predetermined point. In particular, fine adjustment of the wire supply position may be achieved with the aid of the adjusting device.

[0024] The adjusting device may have a first adjusting unit and a second adjusting unit. The first adjusting unit may be configured to displace one of the two guiding parts (especially the second guiding part) relative to the other guiding part (especially the first guiding part) along a first direction in the plane. The second adjusting unit may be configured to displace the one guiding part relative to the other guiding part along a second direction in the plane. The first direction and the second direction are preferably perpendicular to each other. Thus, the thread guiding direction can be flexibly adjusted.

[0025] The adjusting device, in particular each of the first adjusting unit and the second adjusting unit, can include screws, bolts and / or springs. With these elements, a technically simple and easy-to-operate adjustment can be achieved.

[0026] The wire guide device may also include an intermediate tube, wherein the first end is arranged or fastened to the second guide portion. A wire nozzle may be arranged or fastened to the other end of the intermediate tube. Alternatively, the wire nozzle may be arranged or fastened directly to the second guide portion. The intermediate tube and / or the wire nozzle may also be configured for guiding the welding wire and may also have a channel for guiding the welding wire. The wire nozzle may be arranged for releasing the welding wire from the wire guide device.

[0027] The intermediate tube can be made of metal, in particular copper, or can include metal, in particular copper. The wire nozzle can be made of metal, in particular copper, or can include metal, in particular copper. The wire guide device can also have an insulating part between the second guide part and the intermediate tube or between the intermediate tube and the wire nozzle. The insulating part can be a ceramic component. The ceramic is used to thermally isolate the wire guide device and the remaining parts of the laser processing head from the temperatures on the processing area on the workpiece. The wire nozzle and / or the insulating part can be configured to be removable from the intermediate tube or the second guide part. For example, the wire nozzle and / or the insulating part can be loosened and tightened from the intermediate tube or the second guide part.

[0028] The laser processing head may further comprise a detection device, which is arranged to detect movement, in particular displacement and / or tilting, of the second guide part relative to the first guide part and / or relative to the beam propagation direction. A collision of the wire guide device may be detected by the detection device. Since the detection of the movement of the second guide part always relative to the first guide part is performed, a collision may be efficiently and reliably detected. The detection device may comprise a light generating device and a light receiving device, the light generating device being arranged to generate a detection beam and to irradiate the detection beam onto the second guide part, the light receiving device being arranged to receive and detect a portion of the detection beam reflected by the second guide part. The beam may be a detection laser beam. Based on the detected portion of the detection beam, the movement of the second guide part may be detected.

[0029] The laser processing head can be configured to direct the laser beam onto a processing zone on the workpiece. The laser processing head can have at least one optical element for beam guidance and / or beam shaping. In particular, the laser processing head can include focusing optics for focusing the laser beam onto the workpiece. Furthermore, the laser processing head can include collimating optics for collimating the laser beam. Furthermore, the laser processing head can include at least one further optical element (e.g. an axicon and / or a prism) for forming a ring-shaped laser beam and / or for directing the laser beam concentrically with the welding wire onto a processing zone on the workpiece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows:

[0031] Figure 1 Schematic view of a laser processing head with a wire guide according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 2A A schematic view of a wire guiding device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in a rest position;

[0033] Figure 2B a schematic view of a wire guiding device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure with a second guiding portion in an offset position;

[0034] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of a wire guiding device according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of an adjustment device of a wire guiding device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

[0036] Figure 5 Schematic cross-sectional view of a coupling device of a wire guiding device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 6 Schematic view of a laser processing head with a wire guide according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] Unless otherwise indicated, the same reference numerals are used hereinafter for identical and identically functioning elements.

[0039] The directions x, y and z shown in the drawings are the coordinate axes of a Cartesian coordinate system. A direction along the z direction may be referred to as a vertical direction, and a direction along the x or y direction may be referred to as a horizontal direction.

[0040] Figure 1A schematic view of a laser processing head with a wire guide according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0041] The laser processing head 100 is used in particular for deposition welding (laser deposition welding) by means of a laser beam and can therefore also be referred to as a laser welding head. In laser deposition welding, deposition material is guided as a wire 2 onto a processing region 31 on a workpiece 3. The wire is guided along a predetermined wire guiding direction which can be varied along the welding wire 2. Figure 1 In the embodiment, the wire guiding direction in the region of the welding wire 2 after exiting the housing 140 of the laser processing head 100 and in front of the processing region 31 runs in the vertical direction. At the same time, the laser beam 10 is irradiated into the processing region 31. As a result, the supplied wire melts and is connected to the workpiece 3. By advancing the processing region 31, for example by moving the laser processing head 100 in a feed direction, which can be a horizontal direction, a weld seam 32 is produced. The weld seam 32 can be used to connect a plurality of workpieces.

[0042] Figure 6 An embodiment of a laser processing head 100 with a linear guide for the welding wire 2 is shown. Figure 6 The wire guide device 200 is not shown in the figure. In this case, the beam path of the laser beam 10 runs at an angle or in a bent or folded manner. The laser beam 10 is reflected on two mirrors 150a, 150b. After being collimated by the collimating optical device 110, the laser beam 10 is constructed into a ring shape by at least one axicon 160a, 160b. In particular, the cross section of the laser beam 10 is constructed into a ring shape by at least one axicon 160a, 160b in a plane perpendicular to the beam propagation direction. Thereafter, the laser beam 10 is reflected on the mirror 150b. Then, the laser beam 10 is divided into a plurality of parts, for example 2 or 4 parts, in a plane perpendicular to the beam propagation direction by a first prism 170a. These parts of the laser beam 10 are guided around the welding wire 2 by means of the mirror 150a and then merged into a ring-shaped laser beam by means of the second prism 170b. “Annular” may also mean that the laser beam 10 has a rotationally symmetrical, in particular rotationally symmetrical, shape with respect to the beam propagation direction.

[0043] In order to guide the welding wire 2 to the processing area 31, a wire guiding device 200 is provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The wire guiding device 200 is used to ensure that the welding wire 2 is basically guided to the processing area 31 along a predetermined wire guiding direction. To this end, the welding wire 2 is guided by the wire guiding device just before it reaches the processing area 31. The wire guiding device 200 can be arranged or fastened on the housing 140 of the laser processing head 100, for example, on the lower end. Preferably, the wire guiding device 200 is arranged after the last optical element (for example, the focusing optical device 120) or after the last protective glass (not shown) with respect to the propagation direction of the laser beam 10, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. According to an embodiment that is also not limiting, and as Figure 1 As shown in FIG, the welding wire 2 can first pass through the laser machining head 100 before the welding wire 2 leaves the laser machining head 100 and enters the wire guide 200. In the following, the wire guide 200 is described in detail.

[0044] Furthermore, the laser source 300 may be arranged to generate the laser beam 10 . The laser source 300 emits the laser beam 10 (machining beam), which is supplied to the laser machining head 100 through the optical fiber 310 .

[0045] The laser processing head 100 is used to irradiate the laser beam 10 onto the workpiece 3. The laser processing head 100 may have one or more optical elements, such as lenses, objectives, mirrors, prisms, axicons, etc. The optical elements are used for beam guidance and shaping. The optical elements may have transmissive and / or reflective optical elements. For example, the laser processing head 100 has a collimating optical device 110, a focusing optical device 120 and a zoom optical device or a zoom objective (not shown). With the help of the optical elements, for example, the focus orientation and / or focus position and focus diameter of the laser beam 10 can be adjusted.

[0046] Furthermore, the laser processing head 100 can have an optical element 130 (e.g., an axicon and a prism) for generating a ring-shaped laser beam 10. The laser processing head 100 can also be configured to guide the laser beam 10 at least in sections coaxially with a predetermined wire guide direction of the welding wire 2. This means that the beam propagation direction and the wire guide direction of the welding wire 2 run coaxially with each other and / or coincide with each other at least in sections. In particular, the laser beam 10 can be radiated coaxially with the welding wire 2 onto the processing region 31. The optical element 130 is arranged at Figure 1 exemplarily shown as a single optical element, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0047] Furthermore, a moving device (not shown) can be provided for adjusting the position of the laser processing head 100 relative to the workpiece 3, in particular for moving the laser processing head 100 along the feed direction. The workpiece 3 or workpieces can be configured as a plate-shaped workpiece and / or a metal workpiece.

[0048] Figure 2A Schematic view showing a wire guiding device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0049] The wire guide device 200 is arranged at the lower end of the housing 140 of the laser processing head 100. The welding wire 2 leaves the housing 140 and then enters the wire guide device 200 at the first end (e.g., the upper end) and passes through the wire guide device 200. Then, the welding wire leaves at the second end (e.g., the lower end) opposite to the first end. As a result of passing through the wire guide device 200, the welding wire 2 is guided along a predetermined wire guiding direction 21. Then, the welding wire 2 enters the processing area ( Figure 2A The wire guide device 200 has a channel 201 through which the welding wire 2 is guided. The channel 201 can be designed to be straight and point in the direction toward the processing area.

[0050] The wire guiding device 200 has a plurality of guiding portions 210, 220. Figure 2A Two guide portions 210, 220 are shown in the figure, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. There may also be more than two guide portions, for example three or four guide portions. In addition, each of the guide portions may include multiple elements or components.

[0051] The guide portions 210, 220 are arranged successively along the wire guiding direction 21 and / or along the beam propagation direction of the laser beam (not shown in FIG. 2 ). Each of the guide portions 210, 220 is used to guide the welding wire 2. To this end, each of the guide portions 210, 220 has a corresponding guide channel 210a, 220a. Each of the guide portions 210, 220 runs along the predetermined wire guiding direction 21. The guide channels 210a, 220a can define the longitudinal axis of the corresponding guide portions 210, 220. In particular, the longitudinal axis can be defined by the center line of the channels 210a, 220a. Therefore, the guide portions 210, 220 are arranged so that their longitudinal axes run along the wire guiding direction 21 or along the beam propagation direction.

[0052] The two guide parts 210, 220 are movably coupled to each other by a coupling element 230. Here, one guide part can be displaced and / or tilted relative to the other guide part. Similar to the guide parts 210, 220, the coupling element 230 can also have a guide channel 230a. Each channel of the channels 210a, 220a of the guide parts and, if necessary, the guide channel 230a of the coupling element 230 can form a section of the channel 201 of the wire guide device 200.

[0053] exist Figure 2A , displacement and tilting are indicated by means of dashed double arrows. For example, the first guide part 210 is fastened to the housing 140 of the laser processing head 100, while the second guide part 220 can be displaced and / or tilted relative to the first guide part 210 by means of the coupling element 230. The second guide part 220 can be displaced along and / or perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the first guide part 210. For example, in Figure 2A In the embodiment, the second guide part 220 can be displaced in each of the spatial directions x, y, z. In addition, a tilting about a rotation axis which lies in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is possible. Figure 2A In this case, this plane may include the spatial directions x and y.

[0054] The two guide parts 210, 220 are held in a defined rest position relative to one another by means of the coupling element 230. Figure 2A The rest position is shown in . The second guide part 220 can be offset from this rest position relative to the first guide part 210 by displacement and / or tilting. Figure 2B 2 shows the offset position of the second guide portion 220. The offset may be caused, for example, by unintentional contact with another element 4 (e.g. a workpiece) of the second guide portion 220. A force is applied to the second guide portion 220 by the other element 4, which causes the second guide portion to move from (at Figure 2A The movement of the second guide part 220 can be detected by a detection device (not shown) of the laser processing head 100. If such a movement is detected, the movement of the laser processing head 100 can be stopped or the laser processing head 100 can be moved to a safe initial position. Then, the second guide part 220 can be brought into the rest position again, and the section of the welding wire 2 bent due to the movement of the second guide part 220 can be separated from the rest. Then, the surfacing welding can be continued.

[0055] The coupling element 230 can be configured to couple the two guide parts 210, 220 to each other movably using magnetic force and / or spring force. In particular, the coupling device 230 can provide a magnetic or elastic force lock between the two guide parts 210, 220. The corresponding embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below.

[0056] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of a wire guide device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The wire guide device may be, for example, Figure 1 and a wire guiding device 200 of 2.

[0057] Here, the coupling element 230 comprises a magnet 231. The magnet 231 is substantially rotationally symmetrical and / or annularly configured. The magnet 231 can be formed of a samarium cobalt alloy. The magnet 231 comprises a channel 231a for guiding a welding wire (not shown). The channel 231a forms a section of the channel 230a or the channel 201. The magnet 231 is fastened to the second guide part 220, for example by screwing or bonding. The first guide part 210 is made of a ferromagnetic material (for example magnetic stainless steel). The two guide parts 210, 220 can be coupled to each other movably and releasably by the holding force of the magnet 231 (which is applied by the magnet to the magnetic material). This effect is also achieved when at least a part 211 of the wire guide 200, which is opposite to the magnet 231, is formed of a ferromagnetic material, wherein the part 211 is fixedly connected to the first guide part 210. In particular, the magnet 231 and the first guide part 210 or the part 211 can be in contact with one another in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the guide part.

[0058] The coupling element 230 further comprises a pot-shaped region 232. The pot-shaped region 232 is fastened to the second guide part 220. In particular, as shown, the region 232 can be constructed integrally with the second guide part 220. The magnet 231 is arranged in the pot-shaped region 232 or inserted into the region 232 and fastened to the pot-shaped region 232. The pot-shaped region 232 can also be formed of a ferromagnetic material (such as magnetic stainless steel). This results in the following advantages: the magnetic holding force of the magnet 231 is strengthened or focused on the first guide part 210, because the magnetic field (i.e., magnetic field lines) of the magnet 231 caused by the pot-shaped region 232 basically runs through the first guide part 210. The pot-shaped region 232 can also include a channel 232a for guiding the welding wire, which forms a section of the channel 230a or the channel 201.

[0059] The wire guide device 200 may further include an intermediate tube 240. The intermediate tube 240 is fastened to one end of the second guide portion 220. A wire nozzle 250 may be fastened to the other end of the intermediate tube 240. The intermediate tube 240 and the nozzle 250 each have a channel 240a, 250a, which respectively form a section of the channel 201. The intermediate tube 240 may be made of copper, for example. The wire nozzle 250 is provided for releasing the welding wire from the wire guide device 200. The wire nozzle 250 may be configured as a wearing part, because spatter and residues from the cladding may be deposited on the wire nozzle 250 and clog it. The wire nozzle 250 may be configured to be removable from the intermediate tube 240. The wire guide device 200 may further include an insulating portion 270. The intermediate tube 240 and / or the wire nozzle 250 may be fastened to the second guide portion 220 by means of the insulating portion 270. The guide portion 270 may include or consist of ceramic. The insulating part 270 serves to electrically insulate the wire nozzle 250 from other components of the wire guiding device 200 , since a capacitive measurement of the distance to the workpiece 3 can be performed with the wire nozzle 250 .

[0060] The wire guiding device 200 may further include an adjusting device 260. The adjusting device 260 is configured to displace one of the at least two guiding portions 210, 220 relative to the other of the two guiding portions 210, 220 in a plane perpendicular to a predetermined wire guiding direction and / or perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the guiding portion and / or perpendicular to the beam propagation direction. Figure 3 By means of the adjusting device 260, a displacement in the xy plane can be carried out. By means of the adjusting device 260, a fine adjustment of the wire guide can be provided via the guide parts 210, 220. By means of the adjustment, it can be ensured in particular that the welding wire is always guided to the processing area along a predetermined wire guide direction and / or concentrically with the laser beam (not shown).

[0061] The adjustment device 260 may comprise a plurality of parts. A first part 261 may be fastened to the first guide part 210. One or more further parts 262, 211 may be displaceable relative to the first part 261 and / or relative to the first guide part 210.

[0062] Figure 4 A schematic detailed view of the adjusting device 260 is shown. Figure 4 In a plane transverse to the thread guiding direction (e.g. Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the image (in the xy plane).

[0063] The adjusting device 260 includes a first adjusting unit 263 and a second adjusting unit 264. The first adjusting unit 263 is configured to displace the second guide portion 220 relative to the first guide portion 210 along a first direction (e.g., x direction) in the xy plane. The second adjusting unit 264 is configured to displace the second guide portion 220 relative to the first guide portion 210 along a second direction (e.g., y direction) in the xy plane.

[0064] The first and second adjustment units 263, 264 respectively include two adjustment elements (e.g., bolts, threaded pins or screws) 2631, 2641. They can be embedded or screwed into the second guide part 220 or another part 262. As shown, the adjustment elements 2631, 2641 can extend in the radial direction and stop on the outer side of the first guide part 210. The adjustment units 263, 264 also have locking elements 2632, 2642 (e.g., compression springs) respectively, which are used to lock the adjustment elements. The locking elements 2632, 2642 can be arranged on the opposite sides of the second guide part 220 or another part 262 with respect to the longitudinal axis of the guide parts 210, 220 and can also stop on the outer side of the first guide part 210. By rotating or screwing the adjustment elements 2631, 2641, the second guide part 220 can be adjusted relative to the first guide part 210 along the corresponding direction. As shown, the locking elements 2632 , 2642 can also have threaded pins, bolts or screws.

[0065] The outer side of the first guide part 210 can be substantially cylindrical or circular at the height of the adjusting device 260. Preferably, the outer side is flattened in the region of the stop with the adjusting elements 2631, 2641 and / or the locking elements 2632, 2642. This provides a rotational protection of the two guide parts 210, 220 relative to each other about an axis of rotation which runs parallel to the z-direction.

[0066] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of a wire guide device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The wire guide device may be, for example, Figure 1 and a wire guiding device 200 of 2.

[0067] like Figure 5As shown in , the coupling element 230 includes a spring 233. The spring 233 is configured as a helical spring and is connected to each of the two guide parts 210, 220. More precisely, one end of the spring 233 is connected to the first guide part 210 or embedded therein, while the other end of the spring 233 is connected to the second guide part 220 or embedded therein. The welding wire 2 can be guided through the spring 233. The spring 233 can have a spring force that is large enough to couple the guide parts 210, 220 to each other movably and releasably in a stationary position. The collision of the second guide part 220 with another element can overcome the spring force and cause the two guide parts 210, 220 to be loosened from each other.

Claims

1. A wire guiding device for a laser processing head for cladding welding by means of a laser beam, characterized in that The wire guiding device (200) comprises: A plurality of guide portions (210, 220) are arranged in sequence to guide a welding wire (2), wherein two of the guide portions (210, 220) are movably coupled to each other via a coupling element (230), wherein the second guide portion (220) of the two guide portions (210, 220) is displaceable and / or tiltable relative to the first guide portion (210) of the two guide portions (210, 220).

2. The wire guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that The coupling element (230) is configured to couple the two guide parts (210, 220) to each other movably using magnetic force and / or spring force.

3. The wire guiding device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The coupling element (230) comprises at least one magnet (231), which is fastened to the second guide portion (220) and is arranged to releasably couple the two guide portions (210, 220) to each other.

4. The wire guiding device according to claim 3, characterized in that The coupling element (230) comprises a pot-shaped region (232) which is fastened to the second guide part (220) and / or which is constructed integrally with the second guide part (220) and in which the at least one magnet (231) is arranged.

5. The wire guiding device according to claim 3, characterized in that The at least one magnet (231) is configured as a ring magnet, and / or the coupling element (230) comprises a plurality of magnets which are arranged symmetrically with respect to a longitudinal axis of the wire guiding device (200) and / or with respect to a longitudinal axis of the second guide part (220).

6. The wire guiding device according to any one of claims 1-2 and 4-5, characterized in that: The coupling element (230) comprises at least one spring (233), which is connected to the two guide parts (210, 220) and is configured to movably couple the two guide parts (210, 220) to each other.

7. The wire guiding device according to claim 6, characterized in that The spring (233) is designed as a helical spring or as a leaf spring.

8. The wire guiding device according to any one of claims 1-2, 4-5 and 7, characterized in that: The wire guiding device comprises an adjustment device (260) which is arranged to displace the second guide portion (220) relative to the first guide portion (210) in a plane (xy) perpendicular to the wire guiding direction and / or perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the first guide portion (210).

9. The wire guiding device according to claim 8, characterized in that The regulating device (260) comprises: a first adjusting unit (263) arranged to displace the second guide portion (220) relative to the first guide portion (210) along a first direction in the plane (xy), and A second adjustment unit (264) is arranged to displace the second guide portion (220) relative to the first guide portion (210) along a second direction in the plane (xy).

10. The wire guiding device according to claim 8, characterized in that The adjustment device (260) comprises at least one screw and / or at least one bolt and / or at least one spring.

11. The wire guiding device according to any one of claims 1-2, 4-5, 7 and 9-10, characterized in that: The plurality of guide portions (210, 220) respectively have channels (210a, 220a) for guiding the welding wire (2) to pass through the corresponding guide portions (210, 220).

12. The wire guiding device according to any one of claims 1-2, 4-5, 7 and 9-10, characterized in that The first guide portion (210) is fastened to the housing (140) of the laser processing head (100) or can be fixedly connected thereto. The wire guide device (200) further comprises: an intermediate tube (240) which is fastened to the second guide portion (220) at one end thereof, and a wire nozzle (250) arranged at the other end of the intermediate tube (240) for outputting the welding wire (2) from the wire guide device (200).

13. The wire guiding device according to claim 5, characterized in that The plurality of magnets are arranged rotationally symmetrically with respect to a longitudinal axis of the wire guiding device (200) and / or with respect to a longitudinal axis of the second guide portion (220).

14. The wire guiding device according to claim 7, characterized in that The spring (233) is configured as a compression coil spring.

15. The wire guiding device according to claim 9, characterized in that The first direction (x) and the second direction (y) are perpendicular to each other.

16. A laser processing head for laser surfacing, characterized in that: The laser machining head (100) comprises a wire guiding device (200) according to any of the preceding claims 1-15.

17. The laser processing head according to claim 16, characterized in that It also comprises a detection device, which is arranged to detect the movement of the second guide part (220) relative to the beam propagation direction of the laser beam (10).

18. The laser processing head according to claim 17, characterized in that: The movement of the second guide portion (220) relative to the beam propagation direction of the laser beam (10) is a displacement and / or a tilt.

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