Power distribution device for vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to a vehicle power supply distribution device, and belongs to the field of vehicle power supply distribution devices. The device comprises a communication module, a control module, a power supply voltage reduction module and a power supply control module. When a power supply is input, the communication module communicates with a whole vehicle through an MCU in the control module, a power supply control pin of the MCU is an output end of the MCU, and the power supply control relay is controlled, so that the power supply control relay is closed and supplies power to a load. The voltage / current acquisition pin of the MCU is the input end of the MCU, and voltage and current parameters of the power supply line of the load are continuously acquired. If the collected load current is abnormal, the MCU enables the power supply control relay to be disconnected through the power supply control pin so as to play a protection role. When the load abnormity problem is solved, the problem can be recovered through the communication module, or the MCU executes the internal program and recovers the internal program according to the duration. The device has the advantages of being low in cost, easy to maintain, convenient to detect and good in protection effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of automobile power distribution devices, and specifically relates to a vehicle power distribution device. Background Art

[0002] As cars need to support more electronic devices and special functions, in addition to the basic fuse box, a power distribution box is also needed to meet these additional power requirements and improve the efficiency of the vehicle's electrical system. Such a configuration helps commercial vehicles better adapt to their working environment and improve their performance and safety.

[0003] Patent CN 208216647 U provides an electric vehicle power distribution unit and its busbar system, which includes four parts, namely, input and output busbars, input filter busbars, auxiliary protection fuse device busbars and auxiliary control device busbars; the four parts are interconnected to realize the current carrying in the electric vehicle power distribution unit. This power distribution system not only has a single function, but also each circuit is equipped with a large-capacity fuse or fuse. This large-capacity fuse or fuse is not only costly, but also relatively unpopular compared to ordinary fuses, which is not conducive to user self-maintenance and replacement; once the power load fails and causes the fuse to blow, it is often necessary to disassemble and test the power distribution device, which increases the workload and is not conducive to vehicle fault troubleshooting; the power distribution system of this utility model is directly connected to the power load by wires. Once the wiring harness insulation layer is damaged, it will affect the safety of the entire vehicle, and if the static current of the power load is abnormal, the battery power will be quickly exhausted. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a vehicle power distribution device, so as to achieve the technical purpose of facilitating maintenance, detecting the status of the whole vehicle electrical appliances at any time, having a more advanced connection method and a better protection effect.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a vehicle power distribution device, including a communication module, a control module, a power step-down module and a power control module, the output end of the communication module is connected to the input end of the control module; the output end of the control module is connected to the input end of the power control module; the output end of the power step-down module is connected to the input end of the control module; the output end of the power step-down module is connected to the input end of the power control module.

[0006] Furthermore, the power supply control module inputs the status information of the power supply line to the control module; and the control module outputs the control signal to the power supply control module.

[0007] Furthermore, the communication module outputs control information to the power control module through the control module, and the power control module inputs status information of the power supply line to the communication module through the control module.

[0008] Furthermore, the power control module includes at least two groups of power control relays.

[0009] Furthermore, the control module adopts MCU.

[0010] Furthermore, a power control pin on the MCU is connected to the power control relay.

[0011] Furthermore, one end of the power control relay is connected to the voltage / current acquisition pin on the MCU; the other end of the power control relay is connected to the power control negative pin on the MCU.

[0012] Furthermore, the communication module includes a communication device and a communication interface, the communication interface is located on the MCU, and the communication device is connected to the communication interface.

[0013] Furthermore, the power step-down module includes a power supply and a step-down module, the positive electrode of the power supply is connected to the positive power supply pin of the MCU through the step-down module, and the negative electrode of the power supply is connected to the negative power supply pin of the MCU through the frame longitudinal beam grounding.

[0014] The technical effects of the utility model are:

[0015] (1) The existing automobile power distribution box adopts a fuse protection circuit. Since the automobile load power is large, the fuse value adopted is large, the price is expensive, and the popularity is not high, resulting in high vehicle cost and difficulty for users to repair and replace. The utility model adopts MCU and power control relay protection circuit, which can automatically restore the on-off after the circuit abnormality is solved, eliminating the trouble of removing and replacing the fuse of the power distribution box.

[0016] (2) It is conducive to the detection and maintenance of the vehicle circuit and increases functionality. Compared with the existing vehicle power distribution box, the utility model integrates an MCU internally and can detect the electrical status of the vehicle at any time through voltage / current collection. In conjunction with the internal communication module, it can intuitively reflect the electrical status of the vehicle through the vehicle system or LCD instrument and other loads, such as the battery voltage, the static current of the vehicle (or whether the static current is normal), and the battery depletion time can be inferred through the static current and voltage values, as well as the function of quickly detecting whether the load is abnormal.

[0017] (3) Compared with the existing commercial vehicle power distribution box direct wire connection method, the utility model adopts MCU to control the connection between the load and the power supply, which can achieve the line ready for use, avoiding the electrical safety hazards of the whole vehicle and the abnormal static current from the source. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] This specification includes the following drawings, which show the following contents:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a logic structure diagram of a commercial vehicle power distribution box of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a circuit structure diagram of a commercial vehicle power distribution box of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 The utility model is a structural diagram of a power distribution box for commercial vehicles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following is a further detailed explanation of the specific implementation methods of the utility model through the description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, with the aim of helping those skilled in the art to have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the inventive concept and technical solution of the utility model and facilitating its implementation.

[0023] This embodiment provides a vehicle power distribution device, such as Figure 1 As shown in the logical structure block diagram, the vehicle power distribution device includes a communication module, a control module, a power step-down module and a power control module; the output end of the communication module is connected to the input end of the control module; the output end of the control module is connected to the input end of the power control module; the output end of the power step-down module is connected to the input end of the control module; the output end of the power step-down module is connected to the input end of the power control module.

[0024] Combination Figure 2 The circuit structure diagram introduces the working process of the vehicle power distribution device: when the power is input into the vehicle power distribution device, the communication module in the vehicle power distribution device communicates with the whole vehicle through the MCU, and the power control pin at the output end of the MCU controls the power control relay, so that the power control relay is attracted to supply power to the load; the voltage / current acquisition pin of the MCU is the input end of the MCU, and the voltage and current parameters of the load power supply line are continuously collected. If the collected load voltage and current are abnormal, the MCU controls the pin to disconnect the relay to play a protective role. When the load abnormality problem is solved, it can be restored through the communication module, or the MCU executes the internal program to restore according to the time. In addition, the electrical parameters of the whole vehicle, battery parameters, and the working parameters of each load can be calculated through the voltage / current acquisition pin of the MCU, and the collected information can be transmitted and fed back through the communication module.

[0025] Further, we describe the connection relationship of the power distribution box and introduce the working process of each module in detail: the control module includes MCU, MCU means micro control unit, also known as single chip microcomputer, which plays the role of centralized control and real-time detection in the utility model. The voltage / current acquisition pin 6, voltage / current acquisition pin 8, voltage / current acquisition pin 10, voltage / current acquisition pin 12, voltage / current acquisition pin 14, and voltage / current acquisition pin 16 on the MCU are respectively connected to the power control relay K6, power control relay K5, power control relay K4, power control relay K3, power control relay K2, and power control relay K1 in the power control module, and the voltage and current of the load power supply line are continuously detected to determine whether the voltage and current are abnormal. If the load voltage and current are abnormal, the power control relay is disconnected through the corresponding power control pin according to the corresponding fault load. The specific corresponding relationship is that the MCU controls the power control relays K6, K5, K4, K3, K2 and K1 to disconnect to protect the circuit through the power control pins 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 and 17. If the problem is solved, the MCU can execute the internal program to restore the power supply according to the time, eliminating the trouble of replacing the fuse of the power distribution device.

[0026] The power control relay K1, the power control relay K2, the power control relay K3, the power control relay K4, the power control relay K5, and the power control relay K6 are connected in parallel to the power control negative pin 18 on the MCU. The power control relay K1, the power control relay K2, the power control relay K3, the power control relay K4, the power control relay K5, and the power control relay K6 are connected to a load respectively. Compared with the traditional fuse or fuse, the power control relay reduces the cost; compared with the direct wire connection method, the power control relay is safer.

[0027] The power buck module includes a power supply and a buck module. The power supply can be a 24V lead-acid battery pack. The positive pole of the power supply is connected to the positive power supply pin 5 on the MCU through the buck module, and the negative pole of the power supply is connected to the negative power supply pin 4 on the MCU through the frame longitudinal beam. The buck module has the function of protecting the MCU, and the power supply supplies power to the entire device to work normally. The MCU is used to control the connection between the load and the power supply, so that the line can be turned on immediately, avoiding the electrical safety hazards of the whole vehicle and the abnormal static current from the source.

[0028] The communication module outputs control information to the power control module through the MCU in the control module. When the load abnormality problem is solved, it can be restored through the communication module to control the closing of the relay. The MCU transmits the information collected from the power control module to the communication module through the voltage / current acquisition pin 6, the voltage / current acquisition pin 8, the voltage / current acquisition pin 10, the voltage / current acquisition pin 12, the voltage / current acquisition pin 14, and the voltage / current acquisition pin 16, so that the user can understand the safety of the power supply in real time. The information collected by the MCU through the voltage / current acquisition pin can calculate the electrical parameters of the whole vehicle, the battery parameters, and the working parameters of each load, and transmit and feedback the collected information through the communication module. The communication module includes a communication device and a communication interface. The communication interface is located on the MCU. In the figure, pins 1 and 2 are a pair of communication interface 1, and pin 3 is a communication interface 2. The communication device is connected to the MCU through these three communication interfaces.

[0029] Figure 3 This is the structure diagram of the utility model. The outside is a shell, and the positions of the power input, power output, power control relay and communication interface are marked in the figure. The power input provides power to enable the device to work normally, the power output is connected to the load, the power control relay controls the on and off of the corresponding load line power, and the communication interface is connected to the communication device to play a communication role.

[0030] The above is an exemplary description of the utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned method. As long as various non-substantial improvements are made using the concept and technical solution of the utility model; or the above concept and technical solution of the utility model are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A vehicle power distribution device, characterized in that: It includes a communication module, a control module, a power supply step-down module and a power supply control module, wherein the output end of the communication module is connected to the input end of the control module; the output end of the control module is connected to the input end of the power supply control module; the output end of the power supply step-down module is connected to the input end of the control module; and the output end of the power supply step-down module is connected to the input end of the power supply control module.

2. A vehicle power distribution device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply control module inputs the state information of the power supply line to the control module; and the control module outputs the control signal to the power supply control module.

3. The vehicle power distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication module outputs control information to the power control module through the control module, and the power control module inputs status information of the power supply line to the communication module through the control module.

4. The vehicle power distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power control module includes at least two groups of power control relays; the control module adopts MCU.

5. A vehicle power distribution device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The power control pin on the MCU is connected to the power control relay.

6. A vehicle power distribution device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the power control relay is connected to the voltage / current acquisition pin on the MCU; the other end of the power control relay is connected to the power control negative pin on the MCU.

7. A vehicle power distribution device as claimed in claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The communication module includes a communication device and a communication interface. The communication interface is located on the MCU, and the communication device is connected to the communication interface.

8. A vehicle power distribution device as claimed in claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The power buck module includes a power supply and a buck module. The positive electrode of the power supply is connected to the positive power pin of the MCU through the buck module, and the negative electrode of the power supply is connected to the negative power pin of the MCU through the frame longitudinal beam grounding.

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