Coal mine composite roof supporting device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a coal mine composite roof supporting device which comprises a roadway, a roof body arranged on the wall of the roadway of the coal mine, and a plurality of fixing anchors which are arranged on the roof and at least penetrate through coal shale and a coal seam to extend to a stable rock layer. A cavity is formed in the top plate body, an anti-falling mechanism for preventing the fixing anchor from moving is arranged at the cavity, a reinforcing mechanism is arranged below the inner wall of the top plate body and adjusts stress of the top plate body, and a buffering mechanism is arranged below the reinforcing mechanism, so that the top plate body is prevented from being broken due to deformation, and an alarm is given when the top plate body is deformed; the supporting strength of the top plate is enhanced through the reinforcing mechanism below the inner wall of the top plate body and the anti-falling mechanism in the fixing anchor, workers can be warned in time through the arrangement of a hydraulic supporting column and an alarm in the buffering mechanism, the deformed top plate is adjusted through the hydraulic supporting column, the supporting effect is enhanced, and the working efficiency is improved. And workers can evacuate in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of composite roof support for coal mines, in particular to a composite roof support device for coal mines. Background Art

[0002] For the composite roof coal seam, the strata are very distinct, and each layer is composed of different lithology. At the same time, there is a relatively clear separation surface between the rock strata. The coal seam has very distinct strata, and the lithology of each layer is different to a certain extent. There is a relatively clear separation surface between the rock strata, and there are certain coal lines or thin coal seams and weak rock strata in the separation surface. Generally, the composite roof is more prone to sinking, displacement, fracture and falling. In terms of sinking speed, soft and hard rocks show asynchrony. For composite roof support, it is mainly a structural system. When designing composite roof support, the first thing to do is to optimize and select effective composite roof support types.

[0003] At present, in order to enhance the supporting strength of the existing coal mine composite roof, multiple anchor rods are set on the roof for reinforced support. The external structure of the anchor rods is relatively simple. When it is supporting, it is often affected by geological causes or tectonic movements, resulting in unstable rock formations, causing the anchor rods to move and affect the stability of the roof support. At the same time, the shape of the existing roof is affected by its force distribution, so that the two sides of the roof are subjected to greater force, which is easy to cause fracture, and no corresponding buffer mechanism and alarm mechanism are set. For this reason, we propose a coal mine composite roof support device. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a coal mine composite roof support device to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a composite roof support device for a coal mine, comprising a tunnel and a roof body arranged on the wall of the coal mine tunnel, a plurality of fixed anchors arranged on the roof and at least penetrating the coal shale and the coal seam and extending into the stable rock layer, a cavity is provided inside the fixed anchor, and an anti-falling mechanism is provided at the cavity to prevent the fixed anchor from moving, a reinforcement mechanism is provided below the inner wall of the roof body, the reinforcement mechanism adjusts the force applied to the roof body, a buffer mechanism is provided below the reinforcement mechanism to prevent the roof body from deformation and breakage, and an alarm is issued when it is deformed.

[0006] As a preferred solution, the anti-falling mechanism includes a thickened hinge fixedly connected to the anchor rod, the other end of the thickened hinge is fixedly connected to the wedge block with a groove, and the wedge block with a groove is extended out of the tube through the cavity and the thickened hinge on the side of the anchor tube, and the thickened hinge contains a first spring dedicated to the hinge;

[0007] A cylinder for inserting an anchor rod is provided at the top of the anchor tube, and a second spring is provided inside the cylinder. A pressure block is fixedly connected below the second spring, and the pressure block is in contact with the top of the anchor rod below. A thickened hinge is fixedly connected to the top of the anchor rod, and one end of the thickened hinge extends out of the cylinder and is fixed through a through hole reserved on the side of the cylinder.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, a reinforcement mechanism is provided below the inner wall of the top plate body, and the reinforcement mechanism includes an arc-shaped pad fixedly connected below the top plate body, a support rod below the arc-shaped pad is connected to the arc-shaped I-beam below it, and pads are provided at the bottom of both sides of the arc-shaped I-beam, which are fixedly connected to the perforated I-beam connected to the top plate body.

[0009] As a preferred solution, a buffer mechanism is provided below the reinforcement mechanism, and the buffer mechanism includes a first hydraulic support and a second hydraulic support connected below the arc-shaped I-beam, the top of the first hydraulic support is fixedly connected to the top of the inner side of the arc-shaped I-beam, and an emergency switch covered with a plastic protective shell is provided below the second hydraulic support, the emergency switch controls an alarm connected to the perforated I-beam, and a protective net is provided on the outside of the alarm.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0011] 1. When the utility model is in use, a cavity is provided inside the fixed anchor, and an anti-falling mechanism is provided at the cavity. A plurality of wedge-shaped blocks in the anti-falling mechanism can enhance the support strength of the fixed anchor, prevent the fixed anchor from being separated from a plurality of rock layers in the coal mine, and further improve the stability of the roof support.

[0012] 2. The utility model provides a reinforcement mechanism below the inner wall of the roof body to adjust the force on the roof body, and provides a buffer mechanism below the reinforcement mechanism to prevent the roof body from deformation and breakage, thereby enhancing the support strength of the roof. The hydraulic support and alarm in the buffer mechanism can be used to warn workers in time, and the deformed roof can be adjusted through the hydraulic support to enhance the support effect and allow workers to evacuate in time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixed anchor of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the thickened hinge structure of the utility model.

[0017] In the figure: 1. tunnel; 2. roof body; 3. fixed anchor; 31. anchor pipe; 32. anchor rod; 33. handle; 4. anti-falling mechanism; 41. wedge block; 42. thickened hinge; 43. first spring; 44. second spring; 45. pressure block; 46. cavity; 5. reinforcement mechanism; 51. arc-shaped pad; 52. support rod; 53. arc-shaped I-beam; 54. pad; 55. I-beam with hole; 6. buffer mechanism; 61. first hydraulic support; 62. second hydraulic support; 63. emergency switch; 64. plastic protective shell; 65. alarm; 66. protective net. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0019] Example:

[0020] See also Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a composite roof support device for a coal mine comprises a tunnel 1 and a roof body 2 arranged on the wall of the coal mine tunnel 1, a plurality of fixed anchors 3 arranged on the roof and at least penetrating through the coal shale and the coal seam and extending into the stable rock layer, characterized in that: a cavity 46 is provided inside the fixed anchor 3, and an anti-falling mechanism 4 is provided at the cavity 46 to prevent the fixed anchor 3 from moving, a reinforcement mechanism 5 is provided below the inner wall of the roof body 2, the reinforcement mechanism 5 adjusts the force applied to the roof body 2, and a buffer mechanism 6 is provided below the reinforcement mechanism 5 to prevent the roof body 2 from being deformed and broken, and to give an alarm when it is deformed.

[0021] The fixing anchor 3 includes an anchor tube 31 and an anchor rod 32 inside the anchor tube 31. A handle 33 is provided at the bottom of the anchor rod 32. The anchor rod is inserted into the anchor tube 31 through the handle 33, and the anchor tube 31 and the anchor rod 32 are tightened and fixed through an annular hoop with threads on the inner side.

[0022] The anti-drop mechanism 4 includes a thickened hinge 42 fixedly connected to the anchor rod 32, the other end of the thickened hinge 42 is fixedly connected to the wedge block 41 with a groove, and the thickened hinge 42 passes through the cavity 46 and the side of the anchor tube 31 to extend the wedge block 41 with a groove out of the tube, and the thickened hinge contains a first spring 43 dedicated to the hinge;

[0023] A cylinder is provided at the top of the anchoring tube 31 for inserting the anchoring rod 32, and a second spring 44 is provided inside the cylinder. A pressure block 45 is fixedly connected below the second spring 44, and the pressure block 45 is in contact with the top of the anchoring rod 32 below. A thickened hinge 42 is fixedly connected to the top of the anchoring rod 32, and one end of the thickened hinge 42 extends out of the cylinder through a through hole reserved on the side of the cylinder and is fixed thereto.

[0024] When the support strength of the anchor rod body is enhanced, the handle 33 is held to extend the anchor rod 32 into the cylinder of the anchor tube 31, and the position of the anchor rod 32 is adjusted up and down with the help of the second spring 44 and the pressure block 45 in the cylinder until the grooved wedge blocks 41 on both sides of the anchor rod 32 rotate outward under the action of the first spring 43 inside the thickened hinge 35, pushing the outer side of the anchor tube 31, that is, one side of the small thickened hinge 42 above the wedge block until it is fully extended, and the hinge returns to its position, and one end of the thickened hinge 42 at the top of the anchor rod 32 is extended out of the cylinder through the through hole reserved on the side of the cylinder and fixed, then the support strength enhancement of the anchor rod body is completed;

[0025] The thickened hinges 35 are all 180-degree hinges, and the internal structure is equipped with a first spring 43. When the wedge block 41 with the groove is extended, the wedge block 41 with the groove cannot be retracted because the thickened hinge 42 above is directed outward, thereby enhancing the support strength. The groove setting of the wedge block can prevent the hinge from retracting after it is bent under force.

[0026] A reinforcement mechanism 5 is provided below the inner wall of the top plate body 2, and the reinforcement mechanism 5 includes an arc-shaped cushion block 51 fixedly connected below the top plate body 2, a support rod 52 below the arc-shaped cushion block 51 is connected to an arc-shaped I-beam 53 below it, and cushion blocks 54 are provided at the bottom of both sides of the arc-shaped I-beam 53, which are fixedly connected to a perforated I-beam 55 connected to the top plate body 2;

[0027] When the top plate body 2 is subjected to stress, the force is transferred 1 to the arc-shaped I-beam 53 through the arc-shaped pad 51 and the support rod 52, and the force is transferred to the pad 54, the first hydraulic support 61 and the second hydraulic support 62 below it through the annular I-beam 53, so that the force is redistributed. Due to the stress characteristics of the arc-shaped structure, the forces on both sides are greater, which can easily cause the top plate body 2 to break. Therefore, this structure is set to redistribute the stress situation and transfer more force to the middle position of the perforated I-beam 55 through the pad 54.

[0028] A buffer mechanism 6 is provided below the reinforcement mechanism 5. The buffer mechanism 6 includes a first hydraulic support 61 and a second hydraulic support 62 connected below the arc-shaped I-beam 53. The top of the first hydraulic support 61 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner side of the arc-shaped I-beam 53. An emergency switch 63 covered with a plastic protective shell 64 is provided below the second hydraulic support 62. The emergency switch 63 controls an alarm 65 connected to the I-beam 55 with holes. A protective net 66 is provided outside the alarm.

[0029] When the arc-shaped I-beam 53 is deformed by the critical force, the first hydraulic support 61 and the second hydraulic support 62 are forced downward, crushing the plastic protective shell 64, pressing the emergency switch 63, and activating the alarm 65 to remind the workers to evacuate in time. The plastic protective shell 64 prevents dust and sand from causing the emergency switch 63 to become stuck and ineffective. The protective net 66 on the outside of the alarm 65 prevents the alarm 65 from being bumped, thereby playing a protective role.

[0030] Additionally, in order to provide a concise description of example embodiments, all features of an actual embodiment (ie, those features that are not relevant to the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the invention or those that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may not be described.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit the protection scope of the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that the technical solution of the utility model can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the utility model.

Claims

1. A coal mine composite roof support device, comprising a tunnel (1) and a roof body (2) arranged on the wall of the coal mine tunnel (1), and a plurality of fixed anchors (3) arranged on the roof and at least penetrating through coal shale and coal seam and extending into a stable rock layer, characterized in that: A cavity (46) is provided inside the fixing anchor (3), and an anti-falling mechanism (4) is provided at the cavity (46) to prevent the fixing anchor (3) from moving. A reinforcing mechanism (5) is provided below the inner wall of the top plate body (2), and the reinforcing mechanism (5) adjusts the force applied to the top plate body (2). A buffer mechanism (6) is provided below the reinforcing mechanism (5) to prevent the top plate body (2) from deforming and breaking, and to generate an alarm when deformation occurs.

2. A coal mine composite roof support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-falling mechanism (4) comprises a thickened hinge (42) fixedly connected to the anchor rod (32), the other end of the thickened hinge (42) being fixedly connected to the wedge block (41) with a groove, and the thickened hinge (42) passing through the cavity (46) and the side of the anchor tube (31) extends the wedge block (41) with a groove out of the tube, and the thickened hinge contains a first spring (43) dedicated to the hinge; A cylinder for inserting the anchor rod (32) is provided at the top of the anchor tube (31), and a second spring (44) is provided inside the cylinder. A pressure block (45) is fixedly connected below the second spring (44), and the pressure block (45) is in contact with the top of the anchor rod (32) below. A thickened hinge (42) is fixedly connected to the top of the anchor rod (32), and one end of the thickened hinge (42) extends out of the outside of the cylinder through a through hole reserved on the side of the cylinder and is fixed.

3. A coal mine composite roof support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reinforcement mechanism (5) is provided below the inner wall of the top plate body (2), and the reinforcement mechanism (5) includes an arc-shaped cushion block (51) fixedly connected below the top plate body (2), a support rod (52) below the arc-shaped cushion block (51) connected to an arc-shaped I-beam (53) below it, and cushion blocks (54) are provided at the bottom of both sides of the arc-shaped I-beam (53), which are fixedly connected to a perforated I-beam (55) connected to the top plate body (2).

4. A coal mine composite roof support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer mechanism (6) is provided below the reinforcement mechanism (5), and the buffer mechanism (6) comprises a first hydraulic support (61) and a second hydraulic support (62) connected below the arc-shaped I-beam (53), the top of the first hydraulic support (61) being fixedly connected to the top of the inner side of the arc-shaped I-beam (53), and an emergency switch (63) covered with a plastic protective shell (64) is provided below the second hydraulic support (62), the emergency switch (63) controlling an alarm (65) connected to the perforated I-beam (55), and a protective net (66) is provided outside the alarm.

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