Integral type linear Stirling refrigerator

Abstract

The utility model relates to an integral type linear Stirling cryocooler which comprises a compressor and an expansion machine, the compressor comprises an air cylinder base provided with a first cylinder cavity, a compressor piston is movably arranged in the first cylinder cavity, the expansion machine comprises a cold finger base provided with a second cylinder cavity, and an expansion machine piston is movably arranged in the second cylinder cavity. The air cylinder base and the cold finger base are oppositely connected to form an integrated machine, the compressor piston and the expansion machine piston are coaxial, a gas flow channel is formed in the integrated machine, and the gas flow channel is communicated with the first cylinder cavity and the second cylinder cavity and enables the movement direction of the compressor piston and the movement direction of the expansion machine piston to be opposite. According to the integral type linear Stirling cryocooler, the compressor and the expansion machine are communicated through the gas flow channel, reverse movement of a piston of the compressor and a piston of the expansion machine is achieved, vibration generated by moving parts can be counteracted, low-vibration operation is achieved, and the service life of the compressor and the expansion machine is prolonged. And the working reliability of the Stirling cryocooler is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of refrigeration and cryogenic engineering, and specifically relates to an integral linear Stirling refrigerator. Background Art

[0002] Linear Stirling refrigerators are widely used in civil and military equipment such as infrared thermal imagers, infrared forward and night vision, missile guidance, and space applications. In a linear Stirling refrigerator, the linear compressor provides pressure waves to drive the refrigeration unit of the linear refrigerator to work, thereby continuously cooling down to provide a low-temperature working environment for equipment such as infrared detectors, reducing the noise of infrared detectors, improving their sensitivity and resolution, and thus improving infrared imaging effects.

[0003] Existing integrated linear Stirling refrigerators usually use a coaxial arrangement of the compressor and the expander, and the compressor piston and the expander piston move in the same direction. Since the compressor and the expander are coaxially arranged and the compressor piston and the expander piston move in the same direction, the refrigerator generates relatively large vibrations during operation. The existing solution is usually to add a vibration device to offset the vibration, but this will increase the axial length or overall dimensions of the refrigerator, and introduce new moving parts, which reduces the reliability of the refrigerator. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model relates to an integral linear Stirling refrigerator, which can at least solve some defects of the prior art.

[0005] The utility model relates to an integrated linear Stirling refrigerator, comprising a compressor and an expander, wherein the compressor comprises a cylinder base formed with a first cylinder cavity, a compressor piston is movably arranged in the first cylinder cavity, the expander comprises a cold finger base formed with a second cylinder cavity, an expander piston is movably arranged in the second cylinder cavity, the cylinder base and the cold finger base are connected oppositely to form an integrated machine, the compressor piston is coaxial with the expander piston, a gas flow channel is formed in the integrated machine, the gas flow channel connects the first cylinder cavity with the second cylinder cavity and makes the movement direction of the compressor piston and the expander piston opposite.

[0006] As one of the embodiments, the compressor also includes a movable assembly and a stator assembly, the movable assembly includes a compressor leaf spring, the compressor piston and a magnetic matching unit magnetically matched with the stator assembly, the magnetic matching unit is fixedly connected to the compressor piston, and the magnetic matching unit and / or the compressor piston are fixedly connected to the compressor leaf spring.

[0007] As one of the implementation modes, the stator assembly includes an inner stator unit and an outer stator unit, both of which are arranged on the cylinder base, and the magnetic matching unit is located in the annular gap between the inner stator unit and the outer stator unit.

[0008] As one of the implementation modes, the compressor plate spring is sandwiched between the cylinder base and the cold finger base.

[0009] As one of the embodiments, the cylinder base includes a compressor housing and a compressor cylinder body extending from an end of the compressor housing to an inner cavity of the housing, and a cylinder cavity of the compressor cylinder body constitutes the first cylinder cavity.

[0010] As one of the embodiments, the expander also includes a pushing assembly, the pushing assembly includes a cold accumulator, an expander cylinder body having the second cylinder cavity is provided in the cold finger base, a cylinder body air flow channel connecting the second cylinder cavity and the gas flow channel is provided on the expander cylinder body, the cold accumulator is connected to the expander piston, and a piston air flow channel connecting the second cylinder cavity and the inner cavity of the cold accumulator is provided on the expander piston.

[0011] As one of the implementation modes, the push assembly further includes an elastic member, the elastic member is disposed in the cold finger base, and the expander piston is provided with a bridging rod extending out of the expander cylinder and connected to the elastic member.

[0012] As one of the implementation modes, the elastic member is an expander leaf spring.

[0013] As one of the implementation modes, the cold accumulator includes a cold accumulator shell and an energy storage structure arranged in the cold accumulator shell, and the cold accumulator shell is fixedly connected to the expander piston.

[0014] As one of the implementation modes, the compressor back cavity is opposite to the expander back cavity and a sealing plate is used to separate the two.

[0015] The utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The utility model designs an integral linear Stirling refrigerator with a single compressor and an expander arranged with their axes opposite to each other. The compressor and the expander are connected by a gas flow channel to achieve reverse movement of the compressor piston and the expander piston, which can offset the vibrations generated by the moving parts, achieve low-vibration operation, and improve the working reliability of the Stirling refrigerator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an integrated linear Stirling refrigerator provided in an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1 The embodiment of the utility model provides an integrated linear Stirling refrigerator, including a compressor and an expander. The compressor includes a cylinder base 1, and the expander includes a cold finger base 9. The cylinder base 1 and the cold finger base 9 are connected oppositely to form an integrated machine. The two can be connected by welding or the like, or the two can be integrally formed.

[0021] Among them, a first cylinder cavity is formed in the cylinder base 1, in which a compressor piston 2 is movably arranged; a second cylinder cavity is formed in the cold finger base 9, in which an expander piston 13 is movably arranged. The compressor piston 2 is coaxial with the expander piston 13, and a gas flow channel 100 is formed in the whole machine, the gas flow channel 100 connects the first cylinder cavity with the second cylinder cavity and makes the movement direction of the compressor piston 2 and the expander piston 13 opposite.

[0022] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 , a compressor back cavity is provided in the cylinder base 1, and an expander back cavity is provided in the cold finger base 9, and the compressor back cavity is opposite to the expander back cavity, that is, the compressor and the expander are arranged "back to back". Further preferably, as Figure 1 The compressor back cavity and the expander back cavity are separated by a sealing plate 10 to ensure the independence of the compressor and the expander.

[0023] In one embodiment, the compressor further includes a movable assembly and a stator assembly, the movable assembly includes the compressor piston 2, a compressor plate spring 8 and a magnetic matching unit magnetically matched with the stator assembly, the magnetic matching unit is fixedly connected to the compressor piston 2, and the magnetic matching unit and / or the compressor piston 2 are fixedly connected to the compressor plate spring 8.

[0024] The compressor leaf spring 8 can be arranged on the cylinder base 1. For example, it can be arranged in the above-mentioned compressor back cavity; in another embodiment, the compressor leaf spring 8 is sandwiched between the cylinder base 1 and the cold finger base 9, especially for the structure in which the cylinder base 1 and the cold finger base 9 are separately connected, which can facilitate the installation of the compressor leaf spring 8.

[0025] Preferably, the compressor piston 2 and the cavity wall of the first cylinder cavity are clearance-matched to achieve a sealing effect.

[0026] In the above scheme, the magnetic matching unit reciprocates under the action of the magnetic field, and accordingly drives the compressor piston 2 to reciprocate, thereby achieving stable compressor output. Figure 1 In the structure shown, both the magnetic matching unit and the compressor piston 2 are fixedly connected to the compressor leaf spring 8, but this is not limited to this method. It is also feasible that only the magnetic matching unit / compressor piston 2 is fixedly connected to the compressor leaf spring 8.

[0027] In one of the embodiments, the magnetic matching unit includes a magnetic tile 5 and a magnetic steel frame 4, wherein the magnetic tile 5 is adhesively fixed to the magnetic steel frame 4, and the magnetic steel frame 4 is fixedly connected to the compressor piston 2, wherein the magnetic tile 5 is used for magnetic matching with the stator assembly.

[0028] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 The stator assembly includes an inner stator unit and an outer stator unit, both of which are arranged on the cylinder base 1, and the magnetic matching unit is located in the annular gap between the inner stator unit and the outer stator unit.

[0029] Preferably, the internal fixed unit adopts an internal soft magnet 3 , and the internal fixed unit is fixed on the cylinder base 1 .

[0030] Among them, preferably, the external stator unit includes an external stator and an excitation coil 6; the external stator can adopt an external soft magnetic 7, which is fixed on the cylinder base 1; the excitation coil 6 is preferably wound separately, and the external stator is assembled on the outside of the excitation coil 6, including but not limited to: slotting the inner ring of the external stator to accommodate the excitation coil 6.

[0031] The excitation coil 6, the outer soft magnetic 7 and the inner soft magnetic 3 form a magnetic circuit. When an alternating voltage (preferably an alternating voltage with a fixed frequency) is input into the excitation coil 6, an alternating magnetic field can be formed. The alternating magnetic field force can drive the magnetic matching unit to reciprocate.

[0032] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 The cylinder base 1 includes a compressor housing and a compressor cylinder extending from the end of the compressor housing to the inner cavity of the housing, and the cylinder cavity of the compressor cylinder constitutes the first cylinder cavity (the compressor housing and the compressor cylinder are shown in the figure but not marked). Among them, an annular installation area is formed between the compressor cylinder and the inner wall of the compressor housing. When the above-mentioned internal fixed unit and external fixed unit are provided, the internal fixed unit and the external fixed unit can be arranged in the annular installation area. For example, the inner soft magnet 3 is coaxially sleeved on the compressor cylinder, and the outer soft magnet 7 can be fixedly connected to the inner wall of the compressor housing.

[0033] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 The expander also includes a pushing assembly, which includes a cold accumulator. The cold finger base 9 is provided with an expander cylinder body 12 having the second cylinder cavity, and a cylinder body air flow channel connecting the second cylinder cavity and the gas flow channel 100 is opened on the expander cylinder body 12. The cold accumulator is connected to the expander piston 13, and a piston air flow channel connecting the second cylinder cavity and the inner cavity of the cold accumulator is opened on the expander piston 13.

[0034] The pressure wave generated by the operation of the compressor is transmitted to the second cylinder cavity through the gas flow channel 100, driving the expander piston 13 to move, thereby achieving the cooling of the refrigerator. The gas input through the gas flow channel 100 passes through the cylinder air flow channel-the second cylinder cavity-the piston air flow channel-the cold storage cavity in sequence, and produces an expansion effect in the cold storage cavity.

[0035] The end of the gas flow channel 100 connected to the first cylinder cavity is defined as the first end, and the end of the gas flow channel 100 connected to the second cylinder cavity is defined as the second end. When the first end is located on the side of the compressor piston 2 away from the expander, the second end is located on the side of the expander piston 13 close to the compressor; when the first end is located on the side of the compressor piston 2 close to the expander, the second end is located on the side of the expander piston 13 away from the compressor.

[0036] There may be one or more gas flow passages 100. Preferably, when there are multiple gas flow passages 100, the multiple gas flow passages 100 are distributed in an annular shape relative to the axis of the compressor piston 2.

[0037] Furthermore, if Figure 1 The push assembly further includes an elastic member, which is arranged in the cold finger base 9, and the expander piston 13 is provided with a bridging rod extending out of the expander cylinder 12 and connected to the elastic member. The elastic member includes but is not limited to the expander leaf spring 11, wherein the plate surface of the expander leaf spring 11 is perpendicular to the axis of the expander piston 13. Preferably, the bridging rod is sealed at the position where it penetrates the expander cylinder 12, for example, a dynamic sealing matching method can be adopted to ensure the air tightness of the second cylinder chamber.

[0038] Preferably, the expander piston 13 and the expander cylinder 12 are clearance-matched to achieve a sealing effect.

[0039] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 The cold accumulator includes a cold accumulator shell 15 and an energy storage structure arranged in the cold accumulator shell 15 , and the cold accumulator shell 15 is fixedly connected to the expander piston 13 .

[0040] The energy storage structure includes but is not limited to arranging an energy storage mesh 14 in the cold storage shell 15. The energy storage mesh 14 is filled in the cold storage shell 15 at a certain overlapping rate and has heat exchange and energy storage functions.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated linear Stirling refrigerator, comprising a compressor and an expander, characterized in that: The compressor includes a cylinder base forming a first cylinder cavity, in which a compressor piston is movably arranged, and the expander includes a cold finger base forming a second cylinder cavity, in which an expander piston is movably arranged, and the cylinder base and the cold finger base are connected opposite to each other to form an integral machine, and the compressor piston is coaxial with the expander piston, and a gas flow channel is formed in the integral machine, and the gas flow channel connects the first cylinder cavity and the second cylinder cavity and makes the movement direction of the compressor piston and the expander piston opposite.

2. The integrated linear Stirling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressor also includes a mover assembly and a stator assembly. The mover assembly includes a compressor leaf spring, the compressor piston, and a magnetic matching unit that magnetically matches the stator assembly. The magnetic matching unit is fixedly connected to the compressor piston. The magnetic matching unit and / or the compressor piston are fixedly connected to the compressor leaf spring.

3. The integrated linear Stirling refrigerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stator assembly comprises an inner stator unit and an outer stator unit, both of which are arranged on the cylinder base, and the magnetic matching unit is located in the annular gap between the inner stator unit and the outer stator unit.

4. The integrated linear Stirling refrigerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The compressor plate spring is sandwiched between the cylinder base and the cold finger base.

5. The integrated linear Stirling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder base includes a compressor housing and a compressor cylinder body extending from an end of the compressor housing to an inner cavity of the housing, and a cylinder cavity of the compressor cylinder body constitutes the first cylinder cavity.

6. The integrated linear Stirling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expander also includes a pushing assembly, which includes a cold accumulator. An expander cylinder body having the second cylinder cavity is provided in the cold finger base, and a cylinder body air flow channel connecting the second cylinder cavity and the gas flow channel is provided on the expander cylinder body. The cold accumulator is connected to the expander piston, and a piston air flow channel connecting the second cylinder cavity and the inner cavity of the cold accumulator is provided on the expander piston.

7. The integrated linear Stirling refrigerator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The push assembly further includes an elastic member, which is disposed in the cold finger base. The expander piston is provided with a bridging rod extending out of the expander cylinder and connected to the elastic member.

8. The integrated linear Stirling refrigerator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elastic member is an expander leaf spring.

9. The integrated linear Stirling refrigerator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cold accumulator comprises a cold accumulator shell and an energy storage structure arranged in the cold accumulator shell, and the cold accumulator shell is fixedly connected to the expander piston.

10. The integrated linear Stirling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressor back cavity is opposite to the expander back cavity and is separated by a sealing plate.

Images