Separation and extraction device for marine sediment clay minerals

Abstract

The utility model discloses a marine sediment clay mineral separation and extraction device in the technical field of separation and extraction, which comprises a container main body, an isolation mechanism is arranged on the container main body, the isolation mechanism comprises a groove plate positioned on one side wall of the outer part of the container main body and sliding grooves positioned on the other three side walls of the inner part of the container main body, a slot is formed in the trough plate, the isolation plate is inserted into the slot and slides back and forth to divide a solution contained in the container main body into an upper extraction layer and a lower precipitation layer, and a water outlet valve is arranged on the side wall of the container main body and clings to the upper part of the isolation mechanism. According to the separation and extraction device for the marine sediment clay minerals, the occupied space of a single device is small, batch placement can be achieved through a narrow experiment table top, large-batch treatment is achieved, and the testing efficiency is improved; the extraction depth is consistent, and the clay particle size is consistent; the container is convenient to clean, samples are not mixed, and cross contamination is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of separation and extraction devices, in particular to a separation and extraction device for marine sediment clay minerals. Background Art

[0002] Clay minerals are a type of mineral with a layered structure. They have excellent adsorption capacity, strong chemical activity, good dispersibility, and are widely used in industries such as ceramics, cement, petrochemicals, textiles, soil remediation and improvement. At the same time, their sedimentation and burial mechanism is an important basis for deducing environmental climate evolution. In recent years, with the continuous deepening of marine science, the importance of clay mineral analysis in marine sediments has been continuously strengthened, and the most commonly used X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis technology in this field has also been continuously developed. Before XRD analysis of clay minerals, they must be separated and extracted. The extraction efficiency directly determines the results of XRD clay mineral analysis.

[0003] Existing separation and extraction devices are mainly divided into three categories:

[0004] Category 1: The device used is a 1000ml beaker and the operation is direct pouring.

[0005] The fully dispersed marine sediment sample is placed in a 1000ml beaker, and sufficient water is added and allowed to stand. According to the Stokes' sedimentation law, if it is allowed to stand for 8 hours, the upper suspension with a depth of 10 cm needs to be poured out; if it is allowed to stand for 4 hours and 5 minutes, the upper suspension with a depth of 5 cm needs to be poured out. This method has four disadvantages:

[0006] 1. The accuracy of the extraction depth cannot be guaranteed, resulting in inconsistency of clay mineral particles in different sediment samples:

[0007] 2. Too large an inclination angle leads to too large an extraction depth, and coarse mineral particles exceeding the size requirements are extracted together, which reduces the proportion of clay minerals to be tested and seriously affects the quantitative analysis of clay minerals;

[0008] 3. The total amount of extraction is insufficient, resulting in an increase in the relative proportion of finer components in the clay particles, such as montmorillonite. At the same time, the total amount of clay minerals extracted at one time is insufficient to meet the requirements of subsequent tests, and repeated extraction is required, which reduces efficiency.

[0009] 4. During the pouring process, the liquid surface tilts too much, and the originally statically layered particle interface is disturbed again, causing the coarse particle minerals in the lower layer to mix with the fine particles, resulting in inaccuracy in the extracted particle size. The samples cannot be unified, causing unpredictable experimental errors in the subsequent XRD clay mineral quantitative analysis.

[0010] Category 2: The device used is a 1000ml beaker equipped with a siphon tube, and the operation adopts the siphon method.

[0011] The fully dispersed marine sediment sample is placed in a 1000ml beaker, and sufficient water is added and allowed to stand. According to the Stokes' sedimentation law: if it is allowed to stand for 8 hours, the upper suspension with a depth of 10 cm is sucked by a siphon; if it is allowed to stand for 4 hours and 5 minutes, the upper suspension with a depth of 5 cm is sucked by a siphon. The siphon is mainly a hose or a glass tube. After the standing is completed, the siphon is inserted and the upper suspension is sucked by an ear bulb.

[0012] There are three disadvantages to this method: 1. The siphon tube is long. When in use, the finest particles of clay minerals will adhere to the inner wall of the tube, making it difficult to clean. This will not only cause test errors, but also cause contamination between samples. 2. Inserting the siphon tube will cause disturbances in the static liquid surface. At the same time, the siphon tube has a small diameter, and it is easy to extract coarse particles below 2 microns in the liquid surface during the siphoning process. 3. The siphon tube must succeed once, and the chance of failure is relatively high. If drainage with the ear suction bulb is unsuccessful, it will cause liquid reflux, instantly muddying the completely settled sample, resulting in extraction failure. If sedimentation is repeated, the pre-treatment time will double and the efficiency will be reduced.

[0013] The third type of electronic equipment extraction device.

[0014] This type of extraction device is designed as a complex electronic device, which is generally composed of electronic devices such as a water pump, a timer, and a stirring motor.

[0015] This type of device has four disadvantages: 1. Clay mineral samples must be stirred before adding water and letting them stand, but the degree of stirring should not be too large. The stirring effect generated during the process of filling the container with water has fully met the analysis requirements. Using a mixer is not only excessive, but also has the risk of breaking the original state of the sample grains. 2. The piping system of the water pump is not only relatively complex, but also has a fine pore size. The suction of the water pump itself can easily cause inaccurate extraction depth. 3. Complex mechanical equipment and pipelines are more likely to cause clay minerals to adhere to the inner wall, increase the difficulty of cleaning, and cause cross-contamination between samples; 4. Complex electronic equipment, whose monomers occupy a large space, is not suitable for batch arrangement, and is therefore not suitable for large-scale sample processing. At the same time, the procurement cost and maintenance cost are high, and the use environment is relatively complex.

[0016] In summary, the present invention aims to propose a separation and extraction device for clay minerals in marine sediments that can ensure the accuracy and consistency of extraction depth, has low cost, high extraction efficiency, and can effectively prevent contamination between samples. Utility Model Content

[0017] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a separation and extraction device for clay minerals in marine sediments, so as to solve the problems in the above-mentioned background technology that the accuracy of extraction depth cannot be guaranteed and samples are easily contaminated.

[0018] 1. To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a device for separating and extracting clay minerals from marine sediments, comprising a container body, an isolation mechanism being provided on the container body, the isolation mechanism comprising a groove plate located on one side wall outside the container body, slide grooves located on the other three side walls inside the container body, and a slidable isolation plate, the groove plate having a slot therein, the isolation plate being inserted into the slot and sliding back and forth to divide the solution contained in the container body into an upper extraction layer and a lower precipitation layer, and a water outlet valve being provided on the side wall of the container body close to the isolation mechanism.

[0019] Furthermore, the top surface and the bottom surface of the isolation mechanism each have a circle of grooves, and the container body includes an upper container and a lower container, the upper container is inserted in the top surface groove, and the lower container is inserted in the bottom surface groove.

[0020] Furthermore, a guide rod perpendicular to the isolation plate is installed on the isolation plate.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes a guide plate and a limiting ring, the guide plate is inserted into the top surface of the container body, a guide slide is arranged on the guide plate, and the guide rod is installed in the guide slide through the limiting ring.

[0022] Furthermore, a guide groove is provided inside the guide slide, and the limiting ring includes a guide cylinder, and a circle of stops is provided at the top and bottom of the guide cylinder. The outer wall of the guide cylinder is provided with rotating cavities equidistantly along its axis, and balls are installed inside the rotating cavities, and the balls are fitted in the guide groove.

[0023] Furthermore, the container body is provided with scale marks.

[0024] Furthermore, the container body is made of glass.

[0025] Furthermore, a column hole is provided on the top surface of the container body, and a protruding column is provided on the bottom of the guide plate, and the protruding column is inserted into the column hole.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the separation and extraction device for clay minerals in marine sediments has a reasonable structural design; it can ensure accurate extraction of clay mineral particles below 2 microns; a single device occupies a small space, and can be placed in batches on a narrow laboratory table to achieve large-scale processing and improve test efficiency; the extraction depth is guaranteed to be consistent, and the clay particle size is consistent; the container is easy to clean, and samples are not mixed, thereby preventing cross contamination. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model (without guide plate);

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model (with a guide plate);

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the isolation mechanism of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the guide plate structure of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limit ring of the utility model;

[0032] In the above figures: 1. container body; 1-1. scale mark; 1-2. column hole; 2. isolation mechanism; 2-1. slide groove; 2-2. isolation plate; 2-3. groove plate; 2-4. groove; 3. water outlet valve; 4. guide rod; 5. guide plate; 5-1. guide slide; 5-2. guide slide groove; 5-3. protruding column; 6. limiting ring; 6-1. guide cylinder; 6-2. stopper; 6-1-1. rotating cavity; 6-1-2. ball. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0034] See also Figure 1-5 , the utility model provides a technical solution:

[0035] In the technical solution, a separation and extraction device for clay minerals in marine sediments includes a container body 1. In order to save the bulk placement space to the greatest extent, the entire container is a cube. At the same time, in order to facilitate the observation of the inner wall extract, the container material is glass. In this embodiment, the container body is provided with an isolation mechanism 2 and a water outlet valve 3.

[0036] The isolation mechanism 2 includes a groove plate 2-3 located on one side wall outside the container body, a slide groove 2-1 located on the other three side walls inside the container body, and a slidable isolation plate 2-2. When viewed from the inside of the container, the side wall of the groove plate has a slot perpendicular to the inner wall of the container. The isolation plate 2-2 is inserted in the slot and can slide back and forth to divide the solution contained in the container body into an upper extraction layer and a lower precipitation layer. The volume of the extraction layer is about twice that of the precipitation layer, which can increase the capacity of the extraction liquid. This design ensures that the amount of extraction at one time meets the demand for XRD clay mineral testing.

[0037] The container body 1 of this embodiment includes an upper container and a lower container, and the top and bottom surfaces of the isolation mechanism 2 each have a circle of grooves 2-4, in which sealing strips are arranged, and the upper container is inserted into the top groove, and the lower container is inserted into the bottom groove. This segmented design is convenient for assembly on the one hand, and on the other hand, if a sample that is easily contaminated is encountered, or some components are old and damaged, they can be directly replaced.

[0038] To facilitate extraction, a scale mark 1-1 is provided on the side wall of the container body of the extraction layer. For marine sediments, the scale can be marked at 5 cm on the isolation board. During batch extraction, the extraction depth of all samples remains consistent.

[0039] In this embodiment, a guide rod 4 perpendicular to the isolation plate is installed on the isolation plate 2-2. The guide rod is made as thin as possible in actual application. During operation, the guide rod 4 pushes the isolation plate 2-2 into the trough plate 2-3, and the solution is poured into the container. After the solution has settled, the guide rod 4 can be gently pulled to make the isolation plate 2-2 slowly separate the extraction layer and the sedimentation layer. Since the guide rod is thin, the disturbance effect is not obvious, and the disturbance occurs in the upper part of the isolation plate, that is, the extraction layer, and does not disturb the sedimentation layer below. It should be noted that the isolation plate will also generate disturbances during movement, but its disturbance effect lags behind the isolation effect. The disturbance occurs after the isolation and does not affect the experimental effect.

[0040] Considering the convenience of pushing and pulling the guide rod, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 In this embodiment, a guide plate 5 and a limit ring 6 can be provided. The guide plate 5 is inserted on the top surface of the container body. The top surface of the container body is provided with a column hole 1-2. A protruding column 5-3 is provided at the bottom of the guide plate. The protruding column 5-3 is inserted in the column hole 1-2. A guide slide 5-1 is provided on the guide plate 5, and the guide rod 4 is installed in the guide slide through the limit ring 6. Guide slide grooves 5-2 are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the guide slide. The limit ring 6 includes a guide cylinder 6-1. A circle of stoppers 6-2 are provided on the upper and lower parts of the guide cylinder. The outer wall of the guide cylinder 6-1 is provided with a rotating cavity 6-1-1 equidistantly along its axis. A ball 6-1-2 is installed inside the rotating cavity 6-1-1. The ball is fitted with the guide slide groove. When the limit ring moves in the guide slide, the ball can rotate synchronously in the guide slide groove, thereby improving the movement efficiency of the guide rod.

[0041] In this embodiment, there is no specific requirement for the length, width and height of the extraction container body 1, and it can be customized according to the nature and type of the sample. For marine sediment samples, its dimensions can be designed to be 15 cm long, 15 cm wide and 20 cm high. At the same time, scale marks can be set at 5 cm and 10 cm above the isolation plate on the upper container, and the lower container can be set into split bodies of different heights, such as 1 cm high, 3 cm high, 5 cm high, 8 cm high, etc., to adapt to different samples.

[0042] Usage process: Arrange several extraction devices neatly on the test bench, first push the isolation plate into the trough plate, introduce the evenly dispersed sample suspension, pour water once to the 5cm position, start timing, and when it is still for 4 hours and 5 minutes, gently pull the isolation plate out of the trough plate and push it along the chute into the chute at the bottom of the extraction layer outlet valve. At this time, the extraction layer and the sedimentation layer are completely isolated, and the upper 5cm suspension is completely separated from the lower sedimentation. Open the outlet valve switch, and discharge the upper 5cm suspension into the small beaker, and the extraction is completed.

[0043] The use of this device to extract clay minerals can achieve a consistent extraction depth and accurately control the height of the extraction layer; the split design of the container can be disassembled, and the cleaning is simple without leaving pollution; the rectangular design is conducive to laboratory placement and saves space. At most dozens of samples can be extracted at a time, and the operation is simple.

[0044] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and parts thereof may be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various features in the embodiments disclosed in the present invention may be used in combination with each other in any manner, and the fact that these combinations are not exhaustively described in this specification is only for the sake of omitting space and saving resources. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for separating and extracting clay minerals from marine sediments, comprising a container body, characterized in that: An isolation mechanism is provided on the container body, and the isolation mechanism includes a groove plate located on one side wall outside the container body, a slide groove located on the other three side walls inside the container body, and a slidable isolation plate. The groove plate has a slot, and the isolation plate is inserted in the slot and slides back and forth to divide the solution contained in the container body into an upper extraction layer and a lower precipitation layer. A water outlet valve is provided on the side wall of the container body, close to the top of the isolation mechanism.

2. The device for separating and extracting clay minerals from marine sediments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface and the bottom surface of the isolation mechanism each have a circle of grooves, and the container body includes an upper container and a lower container, the upper container is inserted in the top surface groove, and the lower container is inserted in the bottom surface groove.

3. The device for separating and extracting clay minerals from marine sediments according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide rod perpendicular to the isolation plate is installed on the isolation plate.

4. The device for separating and extracting clay minerals from marine sediments according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a guide plate and a limiting ring. The guide plate is inserted on the top surface of the container body. A guide slide is arranged on the guide plate. The guide rod is installed in the guide slide through the limiting ring.

5. The device for separating and extracting clay minerals from marine sediments according to claim 4, characterized in that: A guide groove is provided inside the guide slideway, and the limit ring includes a guide cylinder, and a circle of stops are respectively provided on the upper and lower parts of the guide cylinder. A rotating cavity is provided on the outer wall of the guide cylinder at equal distances along its axis, and a ball is installed inside the rotating cavity, and the ball is fitted in the guide groove.

6. The device for separating and extracting clay minerals from marine sediments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The container body is provided with scale marks.

7. The device for separating and extracting clay minerals from marine sediments according to claim 4, characterized in that: The container body is made of glass.

8. The device for separating and extracting clay minerals from marine sediments according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top surface of the container body is provided with a column hole, and the bottom of the guide plate is provided with a protruding column, and the protruding column is inserted into the column hole.

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