Fuel cell bonding metal bipolar plate half-cell structure and electric pile

Abstract

The utility model relates to a fuel cell bonding metal bipolar plate half-cell structure and an electric pile, comprising a water cavity PEN layer which is provided with a plurality of open pores and is arranged between an anode plate and a cathode plate, and each open pore is a channel for three-cavity fluid to enter a corresponding flow field area; the sealing element is arranged on the negative plate; the PEN film is adhered to the anode plate; and the membrane electrode is adhered to the PEN membrane. A water cavity PEN layer is adopted as a gap bridge, so that fluid in three cavities can enter a flow field area, the sealing of the water cavity can be met, and the'double gap bridge defect 'of a metal bipolar plate can be avoided, that is, the stress line for sealing a single cell of a galvanic pile is unique, the sealing element can be prevented from applying large shearing force to the bipolar plate during pile loading, and the probability of sealing failure is reduced; meanwhile, a sealing element structure on one side of the bipolar plate is replaced by a bonding structure, so that the problems of glue overflow, crushing and the like are effectively reduced, and the probability of sealing failure is further reduced; and the number of stacked sheets during stacking can be reduced, and the assembling efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell bonding metal bipolar plate half-cell structure and a battery stack. Background Art

[0002] A fuel cell is a power generation device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy in a non-combustion manner. It has the advantages of being environmentally friendly, safe, reliable and easy to operate. And because fuel cells are not limited by the Carnot cycle, their direct power generation efficiency can reach 45%, and their combined heat and power efficiency can reach more than 90%. They are widely used in many fields such as backup power supplies, distributed power stations and automotive power.

[0003] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, due to its special "two plates and three fields" structure, the traditional metal bipolar plate structure has seals on both sides of the metal bipolar plate, and sealing is achieved by compression between the seals on both sides of the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode.

[0004] However, due to the existence of the bridge structure A, the positions of the seals on both sides of the bipolar plate cannot completely overlap, that is, when the battery stack is assembled, the force of the entire battery stack is not in the same position. The seals on both sides apply a large shear force to the bipolar plate under pressure, and the risk of seal leakage is further increased; and the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode are soft connections, the sealing reliability is poor, and there is a high risk of leakage. Utility Model Content

[0005] To this end, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the problem that the positions of the seals on both sides of the bipolar plate cannot be completely overlapped due to the existence of the bridge structure in the metal bipolar plate structure in the prior art, that is, when the battery stack is assembled, the force of the entire battery stack is not in the same position, and the seals on both sides apply a large shear force to the bipolar plate under pressure, further increasing the risk of seal leakage; and the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode are soft connections, the sealing reliability is poor, and there is a high risk of leakage.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a fuel cell bonding metal bipolar plate half-cell structure, including a bipolar plate, the bipolar plate includes an anode plate and a cathode plate, and the two polar plates are provided with a three-chamber manifold port for respectively introducing hydrogen, air and cooling water, and also includes:

[0007] A water cavity PEN layer, the water cavity PEN layer is arranged between the anode plate and the cathode plate, and the water cavity PEN layer is provided with openings corresponding to the positions of the manifold ports, and each opening is a channel for the three-cavity fluid to enter the corresponding flow field area;

[0008] A sealing member, the sealing member being arranged on a surface of the cathode plate away from the anode plate;

[0009] A PEN film, wherein the PEN film is bonded to a surface of the anode plate away from the cathode plate;

[0010] A membrane electrode is bonded to the PEN membrane.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, a local thinning area corresponding to the manifold port for introducing hydrogen is provided on the surface of the membrane electrode bonded to the PEN membrane.

[0012] In one embodiment of the utility model, a first bonding surface and a second bonding surface are respectively provided on both sides of the anode plate, the first bonding surface and the second bonding surface are both planes, the first bonding surface is bonded to the PEN film, and the second bonding surface is bonded to the water chamber PEN layer.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first bonding surface and the ridges in the anode plate flow field are on the same plane.

[0014] In one embodiment of the utility model, a sealing groove is provided on one side of the cathode plate, and a third bonding surface is provided on the other side, the sealing member is provided in the sealing groove, and the water cavity PEN layer is bonded to the third bonding surface.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the side of the PEN film bonded to the membrane electrode is the fourth bonding surface, the fourth bonding surface corresponds to the first bonding surface and the sealing groove, and the second bonding surface corresponds to the third bonding surface.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the membrane electrode is bonded to the anode plate or the cathode plate, and when the membrane electrode is bonded to the anode plate, the seal is connected to the cathode plate, and when the membrane electrode is bonded to the cathode plate, the seal is connected to the anode plate.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the water cavity PEN layer can be replaced by PP, PC and PPS materials.

[0018] A fuel cell stack comprises a fuel cell bonded metal bipolar plate half-cell structure as described in any one of the above.

[0019] The above technical solution of the utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0020] The utility model describes a fuel cell bonded metal bipolar plate half-cell structure and a fuel cell stack, comprising a water chamber PEN layer, on which a plurality of openings are provided and arranged between an anode plate and a cathode plate, each opening being a channel for a three-chamber fluid to enter a corresponding flow field area; a sealing member, which is arranged on a side of the cathode plate away from the anode plate; a PEN membrane, which is bonded to a side of the anode plate away from the cathode plate; and a membrane electrode, which is bonded to the PEN membrane. The utility model discloses a fuel cell bonded metal bipolar plate half-cell structure, which adopts a water cavity PEN layer as a bridge, which can not only ensure that the three-cavity fluid enters the flow field area, but also meet the sealing of the water cavity, and can avoid the "double bridge defect" of the metal bipolar plate structure, so that the connection position between the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode and the position of the seal correspond to each other, that is, the force line of the single cell seal of the stack is unique, which can avoid the seal from applying a large shear force to the bipolar plate under pressure when stacking, reduce the probability of seal failure and increase the service life of the seal; at the same time, since the seal structure on one side of the bipolar plate is replaced by a bonding structure, the occurrence of problems such as glue overflow and crushing is effectively reduced, and the probability of seal failure is further reduced; and the bonding structure has better sealing reliability than the seal, which can reduce the risk of leakage of the stack, increase the service life of the stack, and can reduce the number of stacked sheets when stacking, thereby improving assembly efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to make the content of the utility model easier to understand, the utility model is further described in detail according to the specific embodiments of the utility model in combination with the accompanying drawings, wherein

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an existing metal bipolar plate structure;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an existing metal bipolar plate stack;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a fuel cell bonding metal bipolar plate half-cell structure of a preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 It is an exploded view of a half-cell structure of a fuel cell bonded with a metal bipolar plate according to a preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first side of the anode plate of the half-cell structure of the fuel cell bonded with the metal bipolar plate of the preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second side of the anode plate of the half-cell structure of the fuel cell bonded with the metal bipolar plate of the preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first surface of the cathode plate of the half-cell structure of the fuel cell bonded with the metal bipolar plate of the preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second surface of the cathode plate of the half-cell structure of the fuel cell bonded with the metal bipolar plate of the preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water cavity PEN layer of the fuel cell bonding metal bipolar plate half-cell structure of the preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of a membrane electrode of a fuel cell bonding metal bipolar plate half-cell structure in a preferred embodiment of the utility model.

[0032] Explanation of the reference numerals in the specification: 1. bipolar plate; 11. anode plate; 111. first bonding surface; 112. second bonding surface; 12. cathode plate; 121. sealing groove; 122. third bonding surface; 2. water cavity PEN layer; 21. opening; 3. sealing member; 4. PEN membrane; 5. membrane electrode; 51. local thinning area; A. bridge structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0034] Embodiment 1

[0035] Reference Figure 3-Figure 10 As shown, a fuel cell bonding metal bipolar plate half-cell structure of the utility model includes a bipolar plate 1, the bipolar plate 1 includes an anode plate 11 and a cathode plate 12, and the two polar plates are provided with a three-chamber manifold port for respectively introducing hydrogen, air and cooling water, and also includes:

[0036] The water cavity PEN layer 2 is disposed between the anode plate 11 and the cathode plate 12. The water cavity PEN layer 2 is provided with openings 21 corresponding to the positions of the manifold ports. Each opening 21 is a channel for the three-cavity fluid to enter the corresponding flow field area.

[0037] A sealing member 3, the sealing member 3 is arranged on a surface of the cathode plate 12 away from the anode plate 11;

[0038] A PEN film 4, the PEN film 4 is bonded to a surface of the anode plate 11 away from the cathode plate 12;

[0039] The membrane electrode 5 is bonded to the PEN membrane 4 .

[0040] Specifically, the bipolar plate 1 is composed of an anode plate 11 (metal anode plate), a cathode plate 12 (metal cathode plate) and a water cavity PEN layer 2, and the water cavity PEN layer 2 is located between the two polar plates, wherein the side where the anode plate 11 and the cathode plate 12 are bonded to the water cavity PEN layer 2 is a cooling water flow channel, the side where the anode plate 11 is bonded to the membrane electrode 5 is a hydrogen flow field, the side where the cathode plate 12 is connected to the seal 3 is an air flow field, and a plurality of openings 21 are opened on the water cavity PEN layer 2, and the positions of the openings 21 correspond to the positions of the manifold ports, so that the corresponding fluid can enter the flow field area through the openings 21.

[0041] Specifically, one of the two sealing structures on both sides of the original bipolar plate 1 is replaced, and a layer of PEN film 4 is provided on the bipolar plate 1 as a transition bonding layer, and the bipolar plate 1 and the membrane electrode 5 are bonded together by bonding, so that the bipolar plate 1 and the membrane electrode 5 can be smoothly and firmly connected, and compared with the soft connection structure connected by the seal 3, the reliability of the bonding sealing method is higher, which can reduce the leakage risk of the entire half-cell structure.

[0042] A fuel cell bonded metal bipolar plate half-cell structure of the utility model adopts a water cavity PEN layer 2 as a bridge structure A, which can not only ensure that the three-cavity fluid enters the flow field area, but also meet the sealing of the water cavity, and can avoid the "double bridge defect" of the metal bipolar plate structure, so that the connection position of the bipolar plate 1 and the membrane electrode 5 and the position of the seal 3 correspond to each other, that is, the force line of the single cell seal of the stack is unique, which can avoid the seal 3 applying a large shear force to the bipolar plate 1 under pressure when stacking, reduce the probability of seal failure and increase the service life of the seal; at the same time, since the seal 3 structure on one side of the bipolar plate 1 is replaced by a bonding structure seal, the occurrence of problems such as glue overflow and crushing is effectively reduced, and the probability of seal failure is further reduced; and compared with the seal 3, the bonding structure has better sealing reliability, can reduce the risk of stack leakage, increase the service life of the stack, and can reduce the number of stacked sheets when stacking, and improve assembly efficiency.

[0043] Reference Fig.10 As shown, further, a local thinning area 51 corresponding to the manifold port for introducing hydrogen is provided on the side where the membrane electrode 5 is bonded to the PEN membrane 4. Specifically, a local thinning area 51 is provided on the frame of the membrane electrode on the anode side, so that hydrogen passes through the PEN membrane 4 from the manifold to reach the anode pores and then reaches the anode flow field through the local thinning area 51. Specifically, the PEN membrane 4 is provided because the performance of the membrane electrode 5 will decrease at high temperatures, and high temperatures are required for bonding and curing. Therefore, the PEN membrane 4 is provided as a transition bonding structure, and after curing, an adhesive such as UV glue is used to bond the membrane electrode 5 to the PEN membrane 4. If a high-temperature resistant membrane electrode 5 is used, the anode plate 11 and the membrane electrode 5 can be directly bonded together.

[0044] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, further, a first bonding surface 111 and a second bonding surface 112 are respectively provided on both sides of the anode plate 11, and both the first bonding surface 111 and the second bonding surface 112 are planes, the first bonding surface 111 is bonded to the PEN film 4, and the second bonding surface 112 is bonded to the water cavity PEN layer 2. It can be imagined that each bonding surface needs to be a plane, and the unpunched position on the anode plate 11 is a plane, which can be used as a bonding surface.

[0045] Furthermore, the first bonding surface 111 and the ridges in the flow field of the anode plate 11 are on the same plane.

[0046] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, further, a sealing groove 121 is provided on one side of the cathode plate 12 , and a third bonding surface 122 is provided on the other side. The sealing member 3 is provided in the sealing groove 121 , and the water cavity PEN layer 2 is bonded to the third bonding surface 122 .

[0047] Furthermore, the shapes and positions of the first bonding surface 111, the second bonding surface 112, the third bonding surface 122 and the sealing groove 121 correspond to each other, the side of the PEN film 4 bonded to the membrane electrode 5 is the fourth bonding surface, the fourth bonding surface corresponds to the first bonding surface and the position of the sealing groove, and the second bonding surface corresponds to the position of the third bonding surface. This makes it possible for each connection position and the force bearing position to be in corresponding positions during stacking, ensuring the uniformity of the force bearing line, thereby reducing the probability of sealing failure.

[0048] Further, the membrane electrode 5 is bonded to the anode plate 11 or the cathode plate 12, and when the membrane electrode 5 is bonded to the anode plate 11, the seal 3 is connected to the cathode plate 12, and when the membrane electrode 5 is bonded to the cathode plate 12, the seal 3 is connected to the anode plate 11. It is conceivable that the metal bipolar plate half-cell structure is composed of the bipolar plate 1 and the membrane electrode 5 bonded together, and the membrane electrode 5 can be bonded to the anode side of the bipolar plate and can also be bonded to the cathode side of the bipolar plate 1. At the same time, it is conceivable that the present bonded metal bipolar plate half-cell structure is not limited to the inherent form of the bipolar plate 1, and the bipolar plate 1 can be made into a non-center symmetrical structure, that is, the size and position of the three-chamber inlet and outlet manifold can be non-center symmetrical, and the adjacent bipolar plates 1 do not need to be rotated 180° for assembly when stacking, and the error prevention rate is high.

[0049] Furthermore, the water cavity PEN layer 2 can be replaced by polymer materials such as PP, PC and PPS.

[0050] Embodiment 2

[0051] The utility model discloses a fuel cell stack, including a fuel cell bonding metal bipolar plate half-cell structure as in the first embodiment. The fuel cell stack using the half-cell has good consistency and is more convenient to disassemble or repair than the traditional fuel cell stack.

[0052] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention of the utility model.

Claims

1. A fuel cell bonding metal bipolar plate half-cell structure, comprising a bipolar plate, the bipolar plate comprising an anode plate and a cathode plate, and the two polar plates are provided with a three-chamber manifold port for respectively introducing hydrogen, air and cooling water, characterized in that: Also includes, A water cavity PEN layer, the water cavity PEN layer is arranged between the anode plate and the cathode plate, and the water cavity PEN layer is provided with openings corresponding to the positions of the manifold ports, and each opening is a channel for the three-cavity fluid to enter the corresponding flow field area; A sealing member, the sealing member being arranged on a surface of the cathode plate away from the anode plate; A PEN film, wherein the PEN film is bonded to a surface of the anode plate away from the cathode plate; A membrane electrode is bonded to the PEN membrane.

2. The fuel cell bonding metal bipolar plate half-cell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A local thinning area corresponding to the manifold port for introducing hydrogen is arranged on the side of the membrane electrode bonded to the PEN membrane.

3. The fuel cell bonding metal bipolar plate half-cell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first bonding surface and a second bonding surface are respectively provided on both sides of the anode plate, the first bonding surface and the second bonding surface are both planes, the first bonding surface is bonded to the PEN film, and the second bonding surface is bonded to the water cavity PEN layer.

4. The fuel cell bonding metal bipolar plate half-cell structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first bonding surface is in the same plane as the ridges in the anode plate flow field.

5. The fuel cell bonding metal bipolar plate half-cell structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sealing groove is arranged on one surface of the cathode plate, and a third bonding surface is arranged on the other surface. The sealing member is arranged in the sealing groove, and the water cavity PEN layer is bonded to the third bonding surface.

6. The fuel cell bonding metal bipolar plate half-cell structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side of the PEN film bonded to the membrane electrode is a fourth bonding surface. The fourth bonding surface corresponds to the first bonding surface and the sealing groove. The second bonding surface corresponds to the third bonding surface.

7. The fuel cell bonding metal bipolar plate half-cell structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The membrane electrode is bonded to the anode plate or the cathode plate, and when the membrane electrode is bonded to the anode plate, the seal is connected to the cathode plate; when the membrane electrode is bonded to the cathode plate, the seal is connected to the anode plate.

8. A battery stack, characterized in that: It comprises a fuel cell bonded metal bipolar plate half-cell structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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