Universal dry land lotus root harvesting mechanical device capable of adjusting operation depth
By designing a general dry lotus root harvesting mechanical device that can adjust the operation depth, the problem of manual digging of work space in the existing technology is solved, and efficient and environmentally friendly lotus root harvesting is achieved, which is suitable for complex environments.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420801548.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-07
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-17
AI Technical Summary
The existing dryland lotus root harvesting device requires manual digging of operating space, low working efficiency, power depends on internal combustion engines, which is inconsistent with the concept of green agricultural development.
A general-purpose dry lotus root harvesting mechanical device with adjustable operation depth is designed. Through the adjustment of the working range of the soil crushing device, the adjustment of the operation depth is achieved. The driving of the hydraulic motor is used to reduce the dependence on the internal combustion engine.
It improves operation efficiency, reduces operation costs, adapts to complex environments, and meets the harvest of lotus roots of different varieties and soil depths. The overall structure is simple, reducing the damage rate of lotus roots.
Smart Images
Figure CN222564405U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and relates to a universal dryland lotus root harvesting mechanical device capable of adjusting the operating depth. Background Art
[0002] There is little research on dryland lotus root harvesting devices in my country. In the prior art, lotus root harvesting devices include internal combustion engines, gearboxes, frames, hydraulic support devices, floating soil stripping devices, lotus root digging and conveying devices, lotus root cleaning systems, and lotus root storage boxes. This lotus root harvesting device relies on internal combustion engines for power. Before use, it is necessary to manually dig out a 1.5×1.5×1m machine operating space in the lotus field. After the internal combustion engine is started, the hydraulic cylinder at the floating soil stripping device is lowered to push the floating soil stripping device and the lotus root digging and conveying device to a certain depth, and at the same time, the front wheel hydraulic cylinder is extended to a certain depth to ensure the normal movement of the machine. After the gearbox is started, the floating soil stripping device and the lotus root digging and conveying device are driven by belts to operate. The above-mentioned lotus root digging machine needs to manually dig the operating space before operation. The lotus root digging machine has low working efficiency, an operating range of 1.5m, and relies on the internal combustion engine for power, which is inconsistent with the current concept of green agricultural development in my country. Utility Model Content
[0003] The utility model aims to provide a universal dryland lotus root harvesting mechanical device with adjustable working depth, which solves the technical problem of manually digging the working space before the lotus root digging machine operates in the prior art by adjusting the working range of the soil crushing device.
[0004] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is a universal dryland lotus root harvesting mechanical device with adjustable working depth, comprising a frame, a wheel fixedly connected to the bottom of the frame, a support frame fixedly connected to the surface of one end of the frame, a transmission device fixedly connected to the surface of the other end of the frame, a through opening opened on the frame between the support frame and the transmission device, a soil crushing device is arranged in the through opening; a transmission screen is sleeved between the support frame and the soil crushing device, and the transmission screen is inclined in a direction close to the soil crushing device; wherein, connectors are provided on the top of the soil crushing device and the outer wall of the transmission device, and the two connectors are connected by a hydraulic cylinder.
[0005] The utility model is also characterized in that:
[0006] A driving sprocket end shaft and a driven sprocket end shaft are meshed in the transmission screen. The driven sprocket end shaft penetrates and is sleeved on the screen chain support frame. The driving sprocket end shaft is sleeved on the soil crushing device, and the driving sprocket end shaft is connected to the transmission device.
[0007] The soil crushing device comprises a knife shaft protection shell, the inner cavity of which is penetrated by a soil crushing knife shaft, on which a plurality of soil crushing blades are sleeved; a plurality of shovel heads arranged along the length direction of the knife shaft protection shell are fixedly connected to the bottom of the knife shaft protection shell; a mounting plate is symmetrically provided on one side of the knife shaft protection shell away from the soil crushing blades and the shovel heads, and the end shaft of the driving sprocket is penetrated by the mounting plate.
[0008] The driving sprocket end shaft passes through the mounting plate and both ends thereof are fixedly connected with driving sprockets; the soil crushing knife shaft passes through the knife shaft protective shell and both ends thereof are fixedly connected with knife shaft sprockets;
[0009] The transmission device includes a three-axis motor, the two corresponding output shafts of the motor are respectively connected with coupling a and coupling b, the other ends of coupling a and coupling b are connected with reducers, the output ends of the reducers are fixedly connected with the first transmission sprocket through a key, and the first transmission sprocket and the driving sprocket are connected through a chain a;
[0010] The output shaft at the tail of the motor is connected with a coupling c, the other end of the coupling c is connected with a reducer, the output end of the reducer is fixedly connected with a second transmission sprocket through a key, and the second transmission sprocket and the knife shaft sprocket are connected through a chain b.
[0011] A third transmission sprocket is also provided outside the first transmission sprocket. The output end of the reducer drives the third transmission sprocket to rotate. The third transmission sprocket is connected to a gear pump. The third transmission sprocket drives the output shaft of the gear pump to rotate. The gear pump is connected to the hydraulic cylinder.
[0012] The inclination direction of the shovel head is consistent with that of the transmission screen.
[0013] The mechanical device also includes a collection box arranged near one end of the screen chain support frame. The collection box is connected to the frame through a collection box connector. The height of the transmission screen near the collection box is not lower than the height of the collection box.
[0014] A movable bottom net is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the collecting box near the driving screen.
[0015] A cleaning device is also provided on the collection box. The cleaning device comprises a centrifugal pump, a water pipe and a water spray head which are connected in sequence. The water outlet of the water spray head is arranged toward the collection box.
[0016] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0017] The utility model has higher operating efficiency. The power of the machine relies on the hydraulic motor to drive the hydraulic oil, which can be reused many times, reducing the operating cost. The machine can adapt to complex environments and can meet the needs of harvesting lotus roots of different varieties and different soil depths. It has a wider range of uses. The lotus root shovel head and the soil crushing device are integrated into a simpler overall structure. The utility model solves the technical problem of the need to manually dig the working space before the lotus root digging machine operates in the prior art by adjusting the working range of the soil crushing device. In addition, the staggered arrangement between the soil crushing device and the lotus root digging knife head ensures the integrity of the lotus root during the digging process, reducing the lotus root digging injury rate from the source. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a universal dryland lotus root harvesting mechanical device with adjustable working depth according to the utility model;
[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top view of
[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a transmission device in a universal dryland lotus root harvesting mechanical device with adjustable working depth according to the utility model;
[0021] Figure 4 The utility model is a structural schematic diagram of a soil crushing device in a universal dryland lotus root harvesting mechanical device with adjustable working depth.
[0022] In the figure, 1. transmission device, 2. frame, 3. wheel, 4. soil crushing device, 5. chain a, 6. shovel head, 7. driving sprocket, 8. transmission screen, 9. collection box connector, 10. collection box, 11. movable bottom net, 12. support frame, 13. connector, 14. hydraulic cylinder, 15. key, 16. reducer output end shaft, 17. coupling a, 18. reducer, 19. coupling b, 20. coupling c, 21. motor, 22. chain b, 23. driving sprocket end shaft, 24. driven sprocket end shaft, 25. knife shaft protective shell, 26. soil crushing blade, 27. soil crushing knife shaft, 28. first transmission sprocket, 29. second transmission sprocket, 30. knife shaft sprocket, 31. third sprocket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The utility model is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation modes.
[0024] Example 1
[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the utility model provides a universal dryland lotus root harvesting mechanical device with adjustable working depth, including a frame 2, a wheel 3 fixedly connected to the bottom of the frame 2, a support frame 12 fixedly connected to the surface of one end of the frame 2, a transmission device 1 fixedly connected to the surface of the other end of the frame 2, a through opening is opened on the frame 2 between the support frame 12 and the transmission device 1, and a soil crushing device 4 is arranged in the through opening; a transmission screen 8 is sleeved between the support frame 12 and the soil crushing device 4, and the transmission screen 8 is inclined in a direction close to the soil crushing device 4; wherein, a connector 13 is provided on the top of the soil crushing device 4 and the outer wall of the transmission device, and the two connectors 13 are connected by a hydraulic cylinder 14.
[0026] The utility model provides movable conditions by arranging the transmission device 1 and the soil crushing device 4 on the frame 2, and collects the lotus roots driven by the soil crushing device 4 through the transmission screen 8, and the soil crushing device 4 adjusts its height through the hydraulic cylinder 14 to meet the lotus root collection under different conditions.
[0027] Example 2
[0028] On the basis of Example 1, a driving sprocket end shaft 23 and a driven sprocket end shaft 24 are meshed in the transmission screen 8, the driven sprocket end shaft 24 passes through and is sleeved on the screen chain support frame 12, the driving sprocket end shaft 23 is sleeved on the soil crushing device 4, and the driving sprocket end shaft 24 is connected to the transmission device 1.
[0029] Further, such as Figure 4 As shown, the soil crushing device 4 includes a blade shaft protection shell 25, the inner cavity of the blade shaft protection shell 25 is penetrated by a soil crushing blade shaft 27, and a plurality of soil crushing blades 26 are sleeved on the soil crushing blade shaft 27; a plurality of shovel heads 6 arranged along the length direction of the blade shaft protection shell 25 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the blade shaft protection shell 25; a mounting plate is symmetrically provided on one side of the blade shaft protection shell 25 away from the soil crushing blades 26 and the shovel head 6, and the driving sprocket end shaft 23 is arranged through the mounting plate.
[0030] Furthermore, the driving sprocket end shaft 23 passes through the mounting plate and is fixedly connected to the driving sprocket 7 at both ends; the soil crushing knife shaft 27 passes through the knife shaft protection shell 25 and is fixedly connected to the knife shaft sprocket 30 at both ends;
[0031] The transmission device 1 includes a three-axis motor 21, and the two corresponding output shafts of the motor 21 are respectively connected to the coupling a17 and the coupling b19, and the other ends of the coupling a17 and the coupling b19 are connected to the reducer, and the output ends of the reducer are fixedly connected to the first transmission sprocket 28 through the key 15, and the first transmission sprocket 28 and the driving sprocket 7 are connected through the chain a5; wherein the reducer is as follows Figure 3 As shown in the middle reducer 18.
[0032] The output shaft at the tail of the motor 21 is connected to a coupling c20. In the present utility model, the couplings a17, b19 and c20 are of the same model. The other end of the coupling c20 is connected to a reducer, and the output end of the reducer is fixedly connected to the second transmission sprocket 29 through a key 15. Figure 3 As shown in the output end shaft 16 of the middle reducer, the second transmission sprocket 29 and the knife shaft sprocket 30 are connected by a chain b22 to complete the driving of the soil crushing knife shaft; after the motor 21 is started, the second transmission sprocket 29 installed on the reducer at the front end of the motor 21 drives the knife shaft sprocket 30 installed on the soil crushing knife shaft 27 to rotate through the chain b22, thereby achieving the purpose of breaking the soil layer; the knife shaft protective shell 25 can not only provide safety protection for people or animals during the lotus root harvesting process, but also is the main target of the hydraulic cylinder 14; connectors 13 are installed at both ends of the hydraulic cylinder 14, and the hydraulic cylinder 14 is fixed by the connector 13 to ensure the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 14, thereby controlling the distance between the soil crushing knife shaft 27 and the soil, and controlling the soil crushing depth.
[0033] Furthermore, a third transmission sprocket 31 is provided on the outside of the first transmission sprocket 28. The output end of the reducer drives the third transmission sprocket 31 to rotate. The third transmission sprocket 31 is connected to a gear pump. The third transmission sprocket 31 drives the output shaft of the gear pump to rotate. The gear pump is connected to the hydraulic cylinder, driving the gear pump to complete the work and provide pressure for the hydraulic oil.
[0034] The motor 21 is matched with the input end of the reducer through a coupling to redistribute the rotation speed of the motor 21, so that the rotation speed of the output end of the reducer is much smaller than the rotation speed of the motor 21, and the transmission speed of the first transmission sprocket 28, the driving sprocket 7 and the transmission screen 8 is further reduced and made to reach the expected range. It is ensured that the transmission speed of the driving sprocket 7 reaches the required range of 1.4-1.8m / s. During the transmission process, part of the soil is removed by the vibration of the chain a21, and finally the lotus root is transported to the lotus root collection box 10. The bottom of the collection box 10 is provided with a movable bottom net 11, which has a guiding effect on the collection of the lotus roots, so that the lotus roots are reasonably distributed in the collection box 10 to avoid the lotus roots from accumulating at one end close to the transmission screen 8.
[0035] The soil crushing device 4 and the lotus root shovel head 6 are designed in one piece. On the one hand, it ensures the integrity of the lotus root and reduces the damage rate of the lotus root. On the other hand, it reduces the number of hydraulic cylinders 14. The existing lotus root harvesting machinery has two groups of hydraulic cylinders. The front wheel group controls the overall stability of the lotus root machine, and the rear wheel group adjusts the working range of the lotus root digging machine. This embodiment uses a group of hydraulic cylinders 14 to complete the adjustment of the working range of the lotus root digging machine, which is simpler than the existing lotus root harvesting machinery. On the whole, the soil crushing device 4 is directly installed on the board of the frame 2, located in the middle of the frame 2, with higher overall stability, no need for manual excavation of the working space, and can be applied to complex working environments. The transmission screen 8 is composed of a modified soil screening chain link unit, which not only meets the needs of conveying lotus roots by chain transmission, but also ensures the function of screening the soil of lotus roots.
[0036] Example 3
[0037] On the basis of Example 1, the shovel head 6 is in the same inclination direction as the transmission screen 8. The lotus root shovel head 6 is installed at the tail of the blade shaft protection shell 25. In the horizontal direction, there is a certain angle between the lotus root shovel head 6 and the bottom plate surface of the frame 2, which can ensure that the lotus root can be pushed to the top of the transmission screen 8 by the soil through the lotus root shovel head 6 during the movement of the lotus root digging machine; in the vertical direction, the distance between the tip of the soil-breaking blade 26 and the lotus root shovel head 6 is 20 cm. In the face of different lotus root harvesting needs, the lotus root shovel head 6 moves with the blade shaft protection shell 25, which ensures that the lotus root is always in an environment wrapped in soil during the digging process, and the lotus root will not be scratched by the soil-breaking blade 26 and the shovel head 6, reducing the digging injury rate.
[0038] Furthermore, the mechanical device also includes a collecting box 10 arranged near one end of the screen chain support frame 12, the collecting box 10 is connected to the frame 2 through a collecting box connector 9, and the height of the transmission screen 8 near the collecting box 10 is not lower than the height of the collecting box 10.
[0039] Furthermore, a movable bottom net 11 is provided in the inner cavity of the collecting box 10 near the bottom of the driving screen 8 .
[0040] Furthermore, a cleaning device is also provided on the collection box 10 , and the cleaning device includes a centrifugal pump, a water pipe and a water spray head which are connected in sequence, and the water outlet of the water spray head is arranged toward the collection box 10 .
[0041] The lotus root collection box 10 in the utility model can be disassembled and assembled, and can also be provided with a cleaning mechanism mainly composed of a centrifugal pump with a certain pressure, a water pipe, and a water spray head. Farmers can handle it by themselves according to the actual cleaning environment needs, and can centrally clean the lotus roots after harvesting, or both can be done at the same time. Centralized collection and cleaning can reduce the loss of water resources and soil resources.
[0042] The integrated design of the soil crushing mechanism and the lotus root shovel head, on the one hand, ensures the integrity of the lotus root and reduces the damage rate of the lotus root; on the other hand, it reduces the number of hydraulic cylinders. The existing dryland lotus root harvesting machinery consists of two groups of hydraulic cylinders. The front wheel group controls the overall stability of the lotus root machine, and the rear wheel group adjusts the working range of the lotus root digging machine. The utility model uses a group of hydraulic cylinders to complete the adjustment of the working range of the lotus root digging machine, which is simpler than the former. The overall adjustable soil crushing mechanism is directly installed on the frame plate, located in the middle of the frame, with higher overall stability, no need for manual excavation of the working space, and can be used in complex working environments. The transmission screen is composed of the modified soil screening chain link unit, which not only meets the requirements of conveying lotus roots by chain drive, but also guarantees the soil screening function of lotus roots.
[0043] The working principle of the universal dryland lotus root harvesting mechanical device with adjustable working depth of the utility model is as follows: after driving the dryland lotus root harvester to the edge of the field, start the motor 21, the soil crushing device 4 and the transmission screen 8 start working at the same time, control the hydraulic cylinder 14 oil rod to extend, adjust the working range of the soil crushing knife shaft 27, and after reaching the appropriate position, drive the lotus root harvester forward, the soil pushes the lotus root along the lotus root shovel head 6 to make the opposite movement and reach the transmission screen 8, the transmission screen 8 drives the lotus root and part of the soil to the lotus root collection box 10, and the collection box 10 is equipped with a detachable cleaning device. After connecting to the water source, the centrifugal pump transports the pressurized water flow to the water spray head through the water pipe, forming a high-pressure water jet that does not damage the surface of the lotus root, and completes the cleaning of the lotus root. The detachable cleaning device is convenient for farmers to centrally clean the lotus roots after harvesting, or to clean them while digging, so as to meet the use of the lotus root digging machine under different conditions.
Claims
1. A universal dryland lotus root harvesting mechanical device with adjustable working depth, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises a frame (2), a wheel (3) being fixedly connected to the bottom of the frame (2), a support frame (12) being fixedly connected to the surface of one end of the frame (2), a transmission device (1) being fixedly connected to the surface of the other end of the frame (2), a through opening being opened on the frame (2) between the support frame (12) and the transmission device (1), and a soil crushing device (4) being arranged in the through opening; A transmission screen (8) is sleeved between the support frame (12) and the soil crushing device, and the transmission screen (8) is arranged obliquely in a direction close to the soil crushing device (4); Wherein, the top of the soil crushing device (4) and the outer wall of the transmission device are both provided with connecting heads (13), and the two connecting heads (13) are connected via a hydraulic cylinder (14).
2. The universal dryland lotus root harvesting mechanical device with adjustable working depth according to claim 1, characterized in that: A driving sprocket end shaft (23) and a driven sprocket end shaft (24) are meshed in the transmission screen (8); the driven sprocket end shaft (24) penetrates and is sleeved on the screen chain support frame (12); the driving sprocket end shaft (23) is sleeved on the soil crushing device (4); and the driving sprocket end shaft (23) is connected to the transmission device (1).
3. The universal dryland lotus root harvesting mechanical device with adjustable working depth according to claim 2, characterized in that: The soil crushing device (4) comprises a blade shaft protection shell (25), the inner cavity of the blade shaft protection shell (25) is provided with a soil crushing blade shaft (27) penetrating therethrough, and a plurality of soil crushing blades (26) are sleeved on the blade shaft (27); a plurality of shovel heads (6) arranged along the length direction of the blade shaft protection shell (25) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the blade shaft protection shell (25); a mounting plate is symmetrically provided on one side of the blade shaft protection shell (25) away from the soil crushing blades (26) and the shovel heads (6), and the driving sprocket end shaft (23) is arranged penetrating the mounting plate.
4. The universal dryland lotus root harvesting mechanical device with adjustable working depth according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The driving sprocket end shaft (23) passes through the mounting plate and both ends thereof are fixedly connected to driving sprockets (7); the soil crushing knife shaft (27) passes through the knife shaft protection shell (25) and both ends thereof are fixedly connected to knife shaft sprockets (30); The transmission device (1) comprises a three-axis motor (21), wherein two corresponding output shafts of the motor (21) are respectively connected to a coupling a (17) and a coupling b (19), and the other ends of the coupling a (17) and the coupling b (19) are connected to a reducer, and the output ends of the reducers are fixedly connected to a first transmission sprocket (28) via a key (15), and the first transmission sprocket (28) and the driving sprocket (7) are connected via a chain a (5); The output shaft at the rear of the motor (21) is connected to a coupling c (20), the other end of the coupling c (20) is connected to a reducer, the output end of the reducer is fixedly connected to a second transmission sprocket (29) via a key (15), and the second transmission sprocket (29) and the knife shaft sprocket (30) are connected via a chain b (22).
5. The universal dryland lotus root harvesting mechanical device with adjustable working depth according to claim 4, characterized in that: A third transmission sprocket (31) is also provided outside the first transmission sprocket (28); the output end of the reducer drives the third transmission sprocket (31) to rotate; the third transmission sprocket (31) is connected to a gear pump; the third transmission sprocket (31) drives the output shaft of the gear pump to rotate; and the gear pump is connected to the hydraulic cylinder.
6. The universal dryland lotus root harvesting mechanical device with adjustable working depth according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shovel head (6) and the transmission screen (8) have the same inclination direction.
7. The universal dryland lotus root harvesting mechanical device with adjustable working depth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical device further comprises a collection box (10) arranged at one end of the frame (2) close to the screen chain support frame (12); the collection box (10) is connected to the frame (2) via a collection box connector (9); and the height of the transmission screen (8) close to the collection box (10) is not lower than the height of the collection box (10).
8. The universal dryland lotus root harvesting mechanical device with adjustable working depth according to claim 7, characterized in that: A movable bottom net (11) is provided in the inner cavity of the collection box (10) near the bottom of the transmission screen (8).
9. The universal dryland lotus root harvesting mechanical device with adjustable working depth according to claim 7, characterized in that: The collection box (10) is also provided with a cleaning device, which comprises a centrifugal pump, a water pipe and a water spray head which are connected in sequence, and the water outlet of the water spray head is arranged toward the collection box (10).