Pressure mattress suitable for human body

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pressure mattress suitable for a human body. The pressure mattress comprises a mattress frame and a density mattress, the density mattress is arranged in the mattress frame; the density mattress is composed of a contact layer, an isolation layer and a supporting layer; the contact layer is composed of a flexible fabric and a filler; the isolation layer is an elastic pressure sensing layer; the supporting layer is in a topological lattice shape; the topological lattice densities in the supporting layer are different. A lattice-shaped supporting structure is generated through parameterization design, more accurate supporting force is provided for the mattress compared with a traditional spring, meanwhile, the lattice porous special structure has better air permeability and moisture conductivity, changes of pressure distribution in the human body sleeping process are recorded, sleeping posture and sleeping quality data are periodically recorded and fed back to an app, and the app can be used for monitoring the sleeping posture and the sleeping quality. The comfortable layer of the mattress is composed of soybean bio-based filling and blended temperature sensing fibers, the whole material can be degraded and recycled, meanwhile, the color can be changed when the most suitable sleeping temperature is about 27 DEG C, and the sleeping temperature is visualized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a mattress suitable for human body pressure, in particular to a mattress suitable for human body pressure and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the furniture that is closest to people, beds are indispensable in people's daily lives. Comfortable beds are the primary condition for getting a good sleep. Buckle et al. believed that any type of mattress is much more comfortable than the incompressible wooden surface used as a control. It can be seen that the impact of mattresses on sleep quality cannot be ignored.

[0003] Since there are many factors that affect the comfort of mattresses, the design of traditional mattresses needs to consider multiple factors, such as the pressure distribution on the mattress interface, the spinal morphology under different lying positions, and the mechanical properties of the mattress material itself. The obvious defect of traditional mattresses is that they have no autonomous adaptability, which is reflected in the fact that as a product, they can only be used for specific users and are not universal. Therefore, the above three factors, while affecting the increasingly personalized design of traditional mattresses popular in the current market, are also the first factors to be considered in the innovative design and development of mattresses in the future. Combining domestic and foreign research results, the relevant research on the three main influencing factors of mattress interface pressure distribution, lying spinal morphology, and mechanical properties of mattress materials and their effects on comfort is summarized and analyzed, providing a reference for the innovative design of future mattresses.

[0004] Different groups of people have different body characteristics, and their physiological and psychological needs are also different. Therefore, mattress design should be people-centered, based on people's physiological, psychological, sleep and other needs, and combined with the relationship between people and bed interfaces, that is, the humanized design of mattresses. The humanized design of mattresses is the guarantee for the pursuit of high-quality sleep. During daytime working, the weight of the human body is consistent with the direction of the spinal canal. Sudden movements and long-term incorrect postures will increase the pressure on the intervertebral discs of the spine, thereby accelerating the loss of water in the intervertebral discs, causing them to lose the function of "cushion pads" and develop lesions. Surveys and studies have shown that 80% of people have experienced back pain. Lying down is the best way to rest. At this time, the intervertebral disc pressure is relatively small, and the intervertebral disc can regain water and restore its elasticity. However, if the mattress support is insufficient, the spine is in an unnatural curved state. At this time, the intervertebral disc not only cannot be restored, but it may even accelerate spinal lesions. Therefore, mattress support, especially spinal support, is particularly important

[0005] Of course, the human body does not passively adapt to the support of the mattress, but consciously or unconsciously optimizes the sleeping posture to ensure that the spine is in a relatively ideal state and protects it from injury. Therefore, an unreasonable relationship between the human body and the bed will not only affect the support of the spine, but also increase the body's posture adjustment and movement behavior, thereby increasing physical energy consumption and affecting sleep quality.

[0006] The impact of body pressure distribution on sleeping and lying comfort. The mattress should not be too soft or too hard. When the mattress is too hard, the pressure distribution on the interface between the person and the bed is relatively concentrated. The pressure of the supine sleeping position is mainly concentrated on the neck and back, and the waist lacks effective support, which is not conducive to muscle relaxation and maintaining the natural state of the spine. The pressure of the side sleeping position is mainly concentrated on the shoulders and neck. Figure 6 , side lying on the lumbar spine increases the pressure on the intervertebral disc. In addition, because the pressure is concentrated, the local pressure increases, the number of turning over increases, and the sleep quality is greatly affected. When the mattress is soft, the contact area between the person and the bed increases, and the rolling friction required for turning over and posture adjustment also increases. Therefore, the energy consumption of the human body is large, and the posture adjustment is more difficult. It is not only not conducive to the dissipation of moisture on the contact surface, but also not conducive to blood circulation, nerve conduction and muscle relaxation. At the same time, when the mattress is soft, the neck is very easy to sink deeply into the mattress, which is not conducive to maintaining the natural posture of the spine.

[0007] The influence of the support structure of the mattress base on sleep quality and lying comfort The mattress base has gone through a development process from soft to hard and then to soft. Initially, people did not realize the importance of mattress base design, and only aimed to obtain soft support, such as the initial spiral spring type, telescopic fabric type, and double cone spring type. These base structures have good elasticity and good breathability, but are prone to hip sinking. Hard beds can partially relieve the side lying of the spine, but cannot completely avoid the poor breathability of hard beds. Nowadays, various types of slat frame structures have been widely used, such as fixed spacing type, adjustable spacing type, and height adjustable type. This structure has ideal elasticity, breathability, and support effects, but it is worth noting that the type of slat frame must match the type of mattress.

[0008] Due to the different body shapes, the interface relationship formed with the mattress is also different, and the support and comfort obtained by different parts of the body are different. In addition, different people have different sensitivities to the comfort of different parts, which also have different effects on sleep quality. It can be seen that sleep quality is not only related to the relationship between the person and the bed interface, but also to the characteristics of the human body shape and the sensitivity of the human body to comfort. Therefore, it is particularly important for future mattresses to meet the sleep and mattress characteristics of the Chinese population. Not only should they meet the sleep physiological and behavioral characteristics of different users, but also the relationship between the person and the bed interface should be considered.

[0009] Based on the above situation, the utility model provides a human body pressure mattress and a manufacturing method thereof to effectively solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0010] In order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, the utility model provides a pressure mattress suitable for human body and a manufacturing method thereof.

[0011] The utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0012] A human body pressure mattress, comprising a mattress frame and a density mattress; the density mattress is arranged in the mattress frame; the density mattress is composed of a contact layer, an isolation layer and a support layer; the contact layer is composed of a flexible fabric and a filler; the isolation layer is an elastic pressure sensing layer; the support layer is in a topological lattice shape; the topological lattice density in the support layer is different. Compared with the more precise support force of traditional mattress springs, the mattress can better adapt to the Chinese body shape standard. And through the built-in pressure sensing pad of the mattress, the pressure distribution of the user during sleep is recorded, and the sleep and quality data are fed back to the app, and improvement plans are proposed according to the sleeping posture problem. It meets the diverse needs of different users, provides users with precise support, and achieves deep sleep without feeling.

[0013] Furthermore, the support layer is formed by 3D printing topological lattice units of different densities using thermoplastic materials, and topological lattice units of different lengths are made according to the pressure distribution of the human body, and finally spliced ​​into a complete mattress support layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the flexible fabric of the contact layer changes color with temperature. The contact layer fabric is composed of soybean bio-based and blended temperature-sensitive fibers, which are biodegradable and recyclable. It can change color at the most suitable sleeping temperature of 27°C, and record and present a visual sleeping body temperature.

[0015] 27℃ temperature-sensitive color-changing fiber is a functional material whose visible absorption spectrum changes when heated. It has the characteristic that the color changes with the temperature. The temperature at which the color changes is called the color-changing temperature. The preparation method of thermochromic fiber is to fill the thermochromic agent into the fiber and make it from melt-blended spinning solution.

[0016] Thermochromic energy storage textiles have a unique intellectual response to the external ambient temperature. Within a temperature range, the color can be changed by heating or cooling, and the local temperature of the fiber can be automatically adjusted to basically reach a constant temperature within a certain time or cycle. It has the dual functions of thermochromic and temperature adjustment.

[0017] Further, the elastic pressure sensing layer is provided with a pressure array sensor, and the pressure display sensor adopts a flexible fabric pressure sensor. The fabric sensing material has good air permeability, ductility, comfort and bendability. Through the high-sensitivity, non-interactive biomechanical monitoring technology, the pressure distribution of the tester's body can be displayed and recorded in real time. The pressure array sensor can be matched with a capacitive detection module to communicate with the host computer PSA software via USB. In the SPA software, the connection is made through the newly added COM. When the parameter selection is performed, the model is 8*20 and the baud rate is 115200. The performance index parameters of the pressure array sensor are for reference only. The index parameters will change in different sensor placement scenarios. The pressure value is the real pressure conversion value, which is directly proportional to the pressure or pressure when the entire surface of the sensor unit is under pressure, and is not the pressure value or pressure value of the directly pressurized unit. For reference, when the display value is 100, the actual pressure of the unit is about 20N, and the pressure is about 4.1kPa, about 28.6mmHg.

[0018] Furthermore, the sizes of the topological lattice units with different densities are determined according to the pressure range of the human body. Since the height and weight of individuals vary, the topological lattice units that meet the specifications and sizes of the human body are manufactured according to the blocks of the collected human body information.

[0019] A method for manufacturing a human body pressure mattress is achieved by the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Collect human body information; Analyze the corresponding relationship of body pressure distribution at the interface between people and beds with different body shape characteristics for quantitative research. This study will be based on the support and stability of different mattress materials. 21 experimental mattresses (including Deep Sleep No. 0) were tested with a mattress hardness test device to measure the comprehensive stiffness of each mattress. Among them, the smaller the K value of the comprehensive stiffness of the mattress, the softer the mattress, and the larger the K value, the harder the mattress.

[0021] According to the pressure distribution of the person-bed interface of different body types, the experiment is conducted according to the combination of body characteristics and the comprehensive stiffness of the mattress. As the body size increases, the mattress needs greater support performance to minimize the maximum pressure and average pressure of the person-bed interface to ensure the comfort of the mattress. A special metal bed frame with sufficient measurement space at the bottom is used (a mattress subsidence and spine morphology test device developed in the laboratory), and a scale plate is hung at the bottom, and the benchmark is inserted into the mattress. Determination of spinal morphology subsidence. Calculate the difference between the length of the benchmark extending out of the bed frame at each point when the empty mattress and the person lying on the mattress are calculated, that is, the mattress subsidence of the corresponding part of the human spine. According to the subsidence, the spinal morphology of the person lying on the mattress can be drawn, that is, the supine spinal morphology curve of the human body.

[0022] Step 2: Calculate the supporting force; The lumbar-back clearance is the vertical distance from the highest point of the waist to the line connecting the lowest points of the back and the buttocks in the spinal shape, which can be used to reflect the lumbar curvature.

[0023] The degree of coincidence represents the overall coincidence of two curves. Given two curves: A = (a1, a2, … an), a1, a2, … an

[0024] are the points on curve A, a1(x1a, y1a), a2(x2a, y2a) … an(xna, yna), B = (b1, b2, … bn), b1, b2 … bn

[0025] are the points on curve A1, b1(x1b, y1b), b2(x2b, y2b) … bn(xnb, ynb), and the degree of coincidence W is the ratio of the perpendicular

[0026]

[0027] distance between the two curves:

[0028] (when yia < yib, use when yia > yib, use )

[0029] If the value of the degree of coincidence W is closer to 1, it indicates that the spinal shape of the test subject on the experimental mattress is closer to the spinal shape when standing.

[0030] Step 3: According to the human pressure, set the particle emission point and the end point through the parametric program GH slime mold algorithm, and set the food to simulate growth; Set a particle emitter at the pressure point under the human body in the supine position, set food at the bottom end point for automatic growth, and generate an ideal path according to the principle that the straight line between two points is the shortest to achieve the optimal path of the internal lattice.

[0031] Step 4: Generate a topological lattice-like support structure through the nTopology Element based on the Abaqus analysis results; Adjust the lattice density of different parts according to the pressure distribution of the human-bed interface and the mechanical properties of the spinal shape, and cooperate with the reasonable matching of the mattress padding materials to achieve the ideal use effect.

[0032] Step 5: Conduct TPU 3D printing according to the generated topological lattice-like support structure; Parametric design and additive manufacturing: Collect the sleep pressure distribution of the population through big data, convert the pressure data into a digital model through an algorithm program, and conduct TPU 3D printing to become the main support part of the mattress. According to the different pressure distributions, it can be printed in segments.

[0033] Step 6: Encapsulate the printed topological lattice support structure, lay pressure display sensors, cover with flexible fabrics and fillers, splice the segmented printed topological lattice support according to the order of human body pressure, lay pressure display sensors on the surface and then cover with thermochromic flexible fabrics to integrate with the mattress frame to form the final shape.

[0034] The utility model provides a human body pressure mattress and a manufacturing method thereof: through reverse human body data collection, combined with AI intelligent algorithm, and parametric design, a mattress support structure that automatically generates a mattress that meets the Chinese body shape standards is provided, which subverts the core support technology of the traditional mattress industry.

[0035] By obtaining the pressure data of the target population, the lattice support structure is generated using parametric design to provide the mattress with more precise support than traditional springs. At the same time, the special porous structure of the lattice has better air permeability and moisture conductivity, which can give the mattress a biological "breathing ability". A pressure sensor pad is built into the mattress to record the changes in pressure distribution during human sleep, and periodically record the sleeping posture and sleep quality data and feedback to the app, and propose improvement plans based on the user's possible sleeping posture problems. The comfort layer of the mattress is composed of soybean bio-based filling and blended temperature-sensitive fibers. The overall material is degradable and recyclable. At the same time, it can begin to change color at the most suitable sleeping temperature of about 27°C, and visualize the sleeping temperature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall mattress structure of the utility model;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack of the parameterized GH slime mold algorithm of the utility model;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the growth planning of slime mold in the utility model;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spine curve of a tester of the utility model;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the spine curve on the mattress of the utility model;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a stress distribution experimental diagram of different heights and weights of the utility model.

[0042] The serial numbers marked in the figure represent: 1, contact layer; 2, isolation layer; 3-support layer; 4-mattress frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0044] See attached Figure 1-6 , a mattress suitable for human body pressure and its manufacturing method, the subjects were selected for the experiment, the age was 22 to 26 years old. Among them, according to the standard of "Chinese Adult Body Size (GB / T 10000-1988), the experimenters were divided according to their body shape characteristics: 7 people with thin body shape (BMI<18.5gm-); 11 people with standard body shape (BMI=18.5~23.9kg.m~); 6 people with overweight body shape (BMIZ24 kgm-). All of them had no history of musculoskeletal diseases, were in good health and in good condition. No strenuous physical activities or long-term sitting were performed 24 hours before the experiment, and there was no muscle fatigue. The data statistics of the subjects are shown in Table 1.

[0045] Table 1 The data statistics of subjects

[0046]

[0047] The purpose of this study is to quantitatively analyze the corresponding relationship between body pressure distribution at the interface between people and beds with different body shapes. According to the support and stability of different mattress materials, 21 experimental mattresses were tested with a mattress hardness test device to obtain the comprehensive stiffness of each mattress. The smaller the K value of the comprehensive stiffness of the mattress, the softer the mattress, and the larger the K value, the harder the mattress.

[0048] According to the pressure distribution of the interface between people and beds of different body types, the experiment was conducted based on the combination of body type characteristics and the comprehensive stiffness of the mattress. As the body size increases, the mattress needs greater support performance to minimize the maximum pressure and average pressure of the interface between people and beds to ensure the comfort of the mattress. In this experiment, 21 experimental mattresses were divided into 7 groups according to the size of comprehensive stiffness, with 3 models in each group. Each group included a deep sleep No. 0 mattress customized according to the subjects. The customized deep sleep No. 0 mattresses were numbered 3, 5, 7, 11, 14, 17, and 20. The experimental mattress grouping and experimental subject arrangement are shown in Table 2.

[0049]

[0050] 2.3 Experimental methods

[0051] 2.3.1 Standing spine morphology measurement

[0052] In this experiment, a natural human spine measuring instrument was used to measure the spinal curve on the lateral side of the human body. The test subject stood upright with their back against the measuring instrument while wearing uniform tight-fitting clothing, and a scale was used to draw the spinal curve on the lateral side. Starting from the Dazhui point on the neck, the scale length data was recorded until the coccyx of the buttocks was reached, and a mapping software was used to present the image as the proportional dimensions of the spinal shape in the actual standing posture of the human body. The determination of the spinal shape in the standing posture is shown in Figure 4 .

[0053] 2.3.2 Determination of the spinal shape in the supine position

[0054] A specially made metal bed frame with sufficient measuring space at the lower part (the mattress depression amount and the spinal shape testing device developed in the laboratory) was used. A scale plate was suspended at the lower part, and a reference rod was inserted into the mattress. The spinal shape depression amount measuring system. The difference in the lengths of the reference rods extending from the bed frame at each point when the mattress was empty and when the human body was lying supine on the mattress was calculated, which was the mattress depression amount corresponding to the corresponding part of the human spine. Based on the depression amount, the spinal shape of the test subject lying supine on the mattress could be drawn, that is, the spinal shape curve of the human body in the supine position.

[0055] 2.3.3 Calculation of the spinal shape

[0056] The lumbar backspace is the vertical distance from the highest point of the waist to the line connecting the lowest points of the back and the buttocks in the spinal shape, which can be used to reflect the lumbar curvature.

[0057] The degree of吻合度 represents the overall matching situation of two curves. Given two curves: A = (a1, a2,... an), a1, a2,... an

[0058] are the points on curve A, a1(x1a, y1a), a2(x2a, y2a)... an(xna, yna), B = (b1, b2,... bn), b1, b2... bn

[0059] are the points on curve A1, b1(x1b, y1b), b2(x2b, y2b)... bn(xnb, ynb), and the degree of吻合度 W is the ratio of the perpendicular

[0060]

[0061] distance between the two curves:

[0062] (when yia < yib, use when yia > yib, use )

[0063] If the value of the degree of吻合度 W is closer to 1, it means that the spinal shape of the test subject on the experimental mattress is closer to the spinal shape in the standing position, then the mattress is healthier, more comfortable, and more suitable for the test subject.

[0064] 2.4 Results and analysis

[0065] 2.4.1 Different reminders of suitable mattress types for test subjects

[0066] Taking the thin body test subject 1 as an example, the standing spine shape is compared with the lying spine shape on the first test mattress. The standing spine curve of the thin body test subject 1 and the lying spine curve of the thin body test subject 1 are shown in Figure 1. Figure 4 .

[0067] The spinal curves of the subject 1 lying on the experimental mattresses No. 1 to 3 are different, which means that the three groups of mattresses with different softness and hardness have a certain impact on the spinal shape of the subject 1 lying on the bed. Figure 5 According to the vertical distance from the highest point of the waist to the lowest point of the back and buttocks, it can be seen that the sinking amount of the test subject on the mattress is gradually decreasing. Due to the different masses of body parts, the change of mattress hardness has the greatest impact on the sinking of the buttocks in the supine spine morphology, followed by the back.

[0068] The lumbar spine is the main part of the body's activities and the load-bearing part of the spine. Ensuring the normal curvature of the lumbar spine is also one of the criteria for measuring a healthy sleeping position. A mattress that is too hard will cause the shoulders and buttocks to sink less, causing the lumbar spine to be compressed and tightened inward, forcing the spine to bend upward; a mattress that is too soft can easily cause the buttocks to sink too much, causing the lumbar spine to be pulled downward and twisted; a mattress with moderate hardness can ensure appropriate sinking, and also has good support for the lumbar spine, maintaining the normal physiological curvature of the spine. The calculation results of the waist-back clearance show that the waist-back clearance of subject 1 when standing is 1.72, and the waist-back clearance on mattress number 1 is 2.23, which is significantly larger than the waist-back clearance when standing. Figure 5 It can also be seen that due to the softness of mattress 1, the buttocks and back of subject 1 sank severely, resulting in obvious lumbar convexity, so mattress 1 is not conducive to the spinal health of subject 1. The degree of fit is calculated based on the lying spinal curve and standing spinal curve of subject 1 on experimental mattresses 1 to 3. Comprehensive analysis shows that mattress number 3 (deep sleep number 0) is the most suitable mattress for subject 1 among mattress numbers 1 to 3.

[0069] like Figure 6 As shown, the stress distribution of various parts of the human body of different body shapes can be used to adjust the mattress accordingly based on different stress data (weight unit in the figure is / N).

[0070] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting from any point of view, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be regarded as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A pressure mattress suitable for human body, characterized in that: It comprises a mattress frame and a density mattress; the density mattress is arranged in the mattress frame; the density mattress consists of a contact layer, an isolation layer and a support layer; the contact layer consists of flexible fabric and filler; the isolation layer is an elastic pressure sensing layer; the support layer is in a topological lattice shape; the topological lattice density in the support layer is different.

2. A pressure mattress suitable for human body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The support layer is made of thermoplastic material and is formed by 3D printing topological lattice units with different densities.

3. A pressure mattress suitable for human body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible fabric of the contact layer changes color with temperature.

4. A pressure mattress suitable for human body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic pressure sensing layer is provided with a pressure array sensor.

5. A pressure mattress suitable for human body as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The sizes of the topological lattice units with different densities are determined according to the pressure range of the human body.

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