Spraying structure for cooling tower

Abstract

The utility model discloses a spraying structure for a cooling tower, and relates to the technical field of pharmaceutical equipment. The spraying device comprises a spraying pipe, a water retaining assembly and a mounting assembly, the water retaining assembly comprises first lantern rings, water retaining plates, movable plates, electric push rods and fixed plates, the first lantern rings are arranged on the two sides of the outer wall of the spraying pipe in a sleeving mode correspondingly, the water retaining plates are rotationally connected to the lower portions of the first lantern rings correspondingly, and the movable plates are movably connected to the outer walls of the sides, away from each other, of the water retaining plates in the vertical direction; the side, away from the water baffle, of the movable plate is movably connected with an electric push rod. The electric push rod in the water retaining assembly drives the water retaining plate to rotate relative to the first lantern ring and the spraying pipe, so that the problem that the inclination angle of the water retaining plate is inconvenient to adjust in the prior art is solved; a first spring and a second spring in the mounting assembly are used for damping and buffering the spraying pipe fixed by the second lantern ring in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, and the problem that an existing spraying pipe is poor in buffering capacity is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of pharmaceutical equipment, in particular to a spray structure for a cooling tower. Background Art

[0002] With the development of science and technology, the emergence of various pharmaceutical equipment has made the pharmaceutical process more and more automated and intelligent. Among them, the cooling tower is a common pharmaceutical equipment, which is mainly used to exchange heat between the cooling water carrying waste heat and the air inside the tower body, so that the waste heat is transferred to the air and dispersed into the atmosphere. The spray structure is one of the main structures of the cooling tower. The contact between the cooling water and the air is achieved through the setting of the spray structure, thereby realizing the heat exchange between the cooling water and the air.

[0003] The existing document with publication number CN219934716U discloses a closed cooling tower anti-drifting spray structure, including a tower body with a hollow cavity formed by four side walls, a water tank is arranged at the bottom of the cavity; a pumping device is arranged on one side of the tower body, the bottom of the pumping device is connected to the water tank, and the other side of the pumping device is connected to the spray pipe; the spray pipe is arranged just above the water tank and located at the top of the cavity, and one side of the spray pipe passes through the cavity and is connected to the pumping device outside the tower body; a supporting water retaining device is arranged below the spray pipe and is connected to the left and right side walls of the tower body by bolts;

[0004] However, it still has the following disadvantages in actual use:

[0005] 1. In the above, the water retaining block is arranged on the left and right sides of the support block, and the top of the water retaining block is connected to the support block by bolts, so as to prevent the spray water from drifting away. However, since the water retaining block is fixedly connected to the support block by bolts, the inclination angle of the water retaining block is fixed, which makes it inconvenient to freely adjust the inclination angle of the water retaining block according to the actual situation;

[0006] 2. In the above, the spray pipe is arranged just above the inside of the water tank, and one side of the spray pipe passes through the cavity and is connected to the pumping device outside the tower body. The spray pipe is directly installed inside the cooling tower. However, the cooling water inside the spray pipe will exert external force on the spray pipe during the flow process, causing the spray pipe to vibrate, and long-term vibration may cause the connection between the spray pipe and the tower body to separate.

[0007] To this end, we provide a spray structure for a cooling tower to solve the above-mentioned problems. Utility Model Content

[0008] The utility model aims to provide a spray structure for a cooling tower, which drives the water baffle plate to rotate relative to the first sleeve ring and the spray pipe through an electric push rod in the water baffle assembly, thereby solving the problem that it is inconvenient to adjust the inclination angle of the water baffle plate. The first spring and the second spring in the installation assembly respectively perform shock absorption and buffering on the spray pipe fixed by the second sleeve ring in the vertical and horizontal directions, thereby solving the problem of poor buffering capacity of the existing spray pipe.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0010] The utility model is a spray structure for a cooling tower, comprising a spray pipe and a water retaining assembly, and mounting assemblies are also arranged on both sides of the spray pipe;

[0011] The water retaining assembly comprises a first sleeve ring, a water retaining plate, a movable plate, an electric push rod and a fixed plate. The first sleeve ring is respectively sleeved on both sides of the outer wall of the spray pipe, and the lower part of the first sleeve ring is rotatably connected with the water retaining plate. The movable plate is vertically movably connected to the upper edge of the outer wall of the side where the water retaining plates are away from each other, and the electric push rod is movably connected to the side of the movable plate away from the water retaining plate, and the fixed plate is movably connected to the side of the electric push rod away from the movable plate;

[0012] The mounting assembly includes a mounting post, a second ring, a first spring, a fixing frame, and a second spring. The mounting posts are respectively located at the front and rear ends of both sides of the spray pipe, and a second ring is movably connected between the front and rear adjacent mounting posts. The second ring is respectively sleeved on the front and rear ends of both sides of the spray pipe. Connecting plates are welded on the front and rear adjacent back surfaces of the second ring, and one end of the connecting plate away from the second ring is movably connected to the inner side of the mounting post through the first spring. The top and bottom ends of the mounting post are movably connected to the fixing frame through the second spring. Connecting plates are welded on the front and rear adjacent back surfaces of the second ring, and one end of the connecting plate away from the second ring is movably connected to the inner side of the mounting post through the first spring. The top and bottom ends of the mounting post are movably connected to the fixing frame through the second spring.

[0013] The utility model is further configured as follows: branch pipes are passed through the front and rear end surfaces of the spray pipe, and one end of the branch pipe away from the spray pipe is fixedly connected to a spray head.

[0014] The utility model is further configured as follows: a rotating block and a U-shaped seat are respectively welded to the bottom of the first ring and the upper surface of the water retaining plate, and the bottom end of the rotating block is rotatably connected to the inner side of the U-shaped seat.

[0015] The utility model is further configured as follows: the front and rear ends of the outer wall of one side of the water retaining plate that are away from each other are both vertically fixedly connected with a first slide bar, and both ends of the movable plate are movably sleeved on the outer wall of the first slide bar.

[0016] The utility model is further configured as follows: the facing surfaces of the movable plate and the fixed plate are both fixedly connected with mounting rods along the longitudinal direction, and the two ends of the electric push rod are rotatably sleeved on the front and rear ends of the outer walls of the mounting rods respectively.

[0017] The utility model is further configured as follows: the inside of the mounting column is vertically fixedly connected with a second sliding rod, the surface of the connecting plate is provided with a through hole, the inside of the through hole is fixedly connected with a damping sleeve, the damping sleeve is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the second sliding rod, and the first spring is respectively sleeved above and below the outer side of the second sliding rod.

[0018] The utility model is further configured as follows: the inner side of the second ring is bonded with a rubber pad, and the inner side surface of the rubber pad is respectively abutted and connected to the front and rear end surfaces of the spray pipe.

[0019] The utility model is further configured as follows: ear seats are welded on the top and bottom of the second ring, and the front and rear adjacent ear seats are connected by stud bolts.

[0020] The utility model is further configured as follows: moving blocks are welded on the top and bottom ends of the mounting columns, the moving blocks are movably connected to the inner side of the fixed frame, sliding grooves are provided on the surrounding outer walls of the fixed frame, the interior of the sliding grooves is slidably connected to sliders via third sliding rods, limiting rods are welded on the surrounding outer walls of the moving blocks, one end of the limiting rod away from the moving block passes through the slider and is threadedly sleeved with a limiting nut, the second springs are respectively sleeved on the outer sides of the limiting rods, and the second springs are respectively located on the inner sides of the fixed frame.

[0021] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The utility model sets a water retaining assembly, starts an electric push rod, and applies an external force to the lower end of the water retaining plate by extending or shortening the electric push rod. Since the upper end of the water retaining plate is rotatably installed below the first ring, the water retaining plate is rotated relative to the spray pipe, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the water retaining plate, which is convenient for adjusting the inclination angle of the water retaining plate according to actual needs.

[0023] 2. The utility model sets up an installation component, and converts the vertical force applied to the spray pipe into the kinetic potential energy of the connecting plate through the first spring, and consumes the kinetic potential energy of the connecting plate through the friction between the damping sleeve and the second sliding rod. At the same time, the horizontal force applied to the spray pipe is converted into the kinetic potential energy of the moving block through the second spring, and the kinetic potential energy of the moving block is consumed through the friction between the limit rod and the sliding block, thereby realizing shock absorption and buffering of the spray pipe in the vertical and horizontal directions.

[0024] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for describing the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a spray structure for a cooling tower;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water retaining assembly of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation between the first ring and the water retaining plate of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the installation assembly of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a structural disassembly diagram of the installation column of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a structural disassembly diagram of the second ring of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a structural disassembly diagram of the fixed frame of the utility model.

[0033] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0034] 1-spray pipe, 101-branch pipe, 102-spray head, 2-water retaining assembly, 201-first ring, 201a-rotating block, 202-water retaining plate, 202a-U-shaped seat, 202b-first slide bar, 203-moving plate, 203a-mounting rod, 204-electric push rod, 205-fixed plate, 3-mounting assembly, 301-mounting column, 301a-second slide bar, 301b -moving block, 301c-limiting rod, 301d-limiting nut, 302-second ring, 302a-rubber pad, 302b-ear seat, 302c-stud bolt, 303-connecting plate, 303a-through hole, 303b-damping sleeve, 304-first spring, 305-fixing frame, 305a-slide groove, 305b-third slide rod, 305c-sliding block, 306-second spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model. Specific embodiment 1

[0037] See also Figure 1-3 As shown, the first embodiment of the utility model provides a spray structure for a cooling tower, including a spray pipe 1 and a water retaining assembly 2, and the water retaining assembly 2 includes a first ring 201, a water retaining plate 202, a movable plate 203, an electric push rod 204 and a fixed plate 205. An external force is applied to the lower end of the water retaining plate 202 by the electric push rod 204, so that the water retaining plate 202 is rotated relative to the first ring 201, thereby solving the existing problem of inconvenience in adjusting the inclination angle of the water retaining plate 202.

[0038] Specifically, the first ring 201 is respectively sleeved on both sides of the outer wall of the spray pipe 1, and the lower part of the first ring 201 is rotatably connected with a water baffle 202, and a movable plate 203 is vertically movably connected to the upper edge of the outer wall of the water baffle 202 away from each other, and an electric push rod 204 is movably connected to the side of the movable plate 203 away from the water baffle 202, and a fixed plate 205 is movably connected to the side of the electric push rod 204 away from the movable plate 203. The setting of the first ring 201 realizes the rotation connection of the upper end of the water baffle 202 to the spray pipe 1, and the setting of the water baffle 202 is used to prevent the cooling water from floating during spraying, the setting of the movable plate 203 is used to movably install one end of the electric push rod 204 on the water baffle 202, and the setting of the electric push rod 204 is used to apply external force to the water baffle 202, and the setting of the fixed plate 205 is used to fix the other end of the electric push rod 204 to the inner wall of the cooling tower.

[0039] Furthermore, the front and rear end surfaces of the spray pipe 1 are penetrated by a branch pipe 101, and one end of the branch pipe 101 away from the spray pipe 1 is fixedly connected to a spray head 102. One end of the spray pipe 1 passes through the cooling tower and is adjacent to the cooling water tank. The spray pipe 1 and the branch pipe 101 are arranged to provide cooling water to the inner side of the spray head 102, and the spray head 102 is arranged to spray the cooling water on the inner side of the cooling tower.

[0040] The bottom of the first ring 201 and the upper surface of the water baffle 202 are respectively welded with a rotating block 201a and a U-shaped seat 202a, and the bottom end of the rotating block 201a is rotatably connected to the inner side of the U-shaped seat 202a. The arrangement of the rotating block 201a and the U-shaped seat 202a realizes the rotatable installation between the first ring 201 and the water baffle 202;

[0041] The front and rear ends of the outer wall of one side of the water retaining plate 202 that are away from each other are both vertically fixedly connected with a first slide bar 202b, and both ends of the movable plate 203 are movably sleeved on the outer wall of the first slide bar 202b. The setting of the first slide bar 202b realizes the movable plate 203 being vertically movably connected to the outer wall of one side of the water retaining plate 202;

[0042] The facing surfaces of the movable plate 203 and the fixed plate 205 are both fixedly connected with mounting rods 203a in the longitudinal direction. The two ends of the electric push rod 204 are respectively rotatably mounted on the front and rear ends of the outer walls of the mounting rods 203a. The setting of the mounting rods 203a realizes the rotatable installation between the two ends of the electric push rod 204 and the movable plate 203 and the fixed plate 205.

[0043] The operation process of this embodiment is: when the inclination angle of the water baffle 202 needs to be adjusted, the electric push rod 204 is started, and an external force is applied to the lower end of the water baffle 202 by extending or shortening the electric push rod 204. Since the upper end of the water baffle 202 is installed below the first ring 201 through the rotational connection between the connecting block and the U-shaped seat 202a, the water baffle 202 is rotated relative to the spray pipe 1, thereby realizing the adjustment of the inclination angle of the water baffle 202. Specific embodiment 2

[0045] See also Figure 4-7 As shown, it is the second embodiment of the utility model, which is based on the previous embodiment, but is different from the previous embodiment in that: installation components 3 are also arranged on both sides of the spray pipe 1, and the installation components 3 include installation columns 301, a second ring 302, a first spring 304, a fixing frame 305 and a second spring 306. The first spring 304 is used to perform vertical shock absorption and buffering on the spray pipe 1, and the second spring 306 is used to perform horizontal shock absorption and buffering on the spray pipe 1, which solves the problem of poor shock absorption and buffering capacity of the existing spray pipe 1.

[0046] Specifically, the mounting posts 301 are respectively located at the front and rear ends of both sides of the spray pipe 1, and a second ring 302 is movably connected between the front and rear adjacent mounting posts 301. The second ring 302 is respectively sleeved on the front and rear ends of both sides of the spray pipe 1. Connecting plates 303 are welded on the front and rear adjacent back surfaces of the second ring 302. One end of the connecting plate 303 away from the second ring 302 is movably connected to the inner side of the mounting post 301 through a first spring 304. The top and bottom ends of the mounting post 301 are movably connected to a fixing frame 305 through a second spring 306. Connecting plates 303 are welded on the front and rear adjacent back surfaces of the second ring 302. One end of the connecting plate 303 away from the second ring 302 is connected to the inner side of the mounting post 301 through a first spring 304. The first spring 304 is movably connected to the inner side of the mounting column 301, and the top and bottom ends of the mounting column 301 are movably connected to the fixing frame 305 through the second spring 306. The mounting column 301 is used to install the second ring 302 and other structures, and the second ring 302 is used to install the spray pipe 1, and the second ring 302 is movably installed on the mounting column 301 through the connection plate 303. The first spring 304 is used to vertically dampen the spray pipe 1, and the fixing frames 305 are respectively fixed on the inner walls of the cooling tower, and the fixing frame 305 and the second spring 306 are used to dampen the spray pipe 1 in the horizontal direction.

[0047] Further, the inside of the mounting column 301 is vertically fixedly connected with a second sliding rod 301a, the surface of the connecting plate 303 is provided with a through hole 303a, the inside of the through hole 303a is fixedly connected with a damping sleeve 303b, the damping sleeve 303b is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the second sliding rod 301a, the first spring 304 is sleeved above and below the outer side of the second sliding rod 301a, the second sliding rod 301a and the damping sleeve 303b are arranged to consume the motion potential energy of the connecting plate 303, and the through hole 303a is arranged to install the damping sleeve 303b on the connecting plate 303;

[0048] The inner side of the second ring 302 is bonded with a rubber pad 302a, and the inner side of the rubber pad 302a is respectively connected to the front and rear end surfaces of the spray pipe 1. The setting of the rubber pad 302a plays a protective role for the spray pipe 1;

[0049] Ear seats 302b are welded on the top and bottom of the second ring 302, and the front and rear adjacent ear seats 302b are connected by stud bolts 302c. The ear seats 302b and stud bolts 302c are arranged to fix the adjacent second rings 302.

[0050] A moving block 301b is welded to the top and bottom of the mounting column 301, and the moving blocks 301b are movably connected to the inner side of the fixed frame 305. Slide grooves 305a are provided on the surrounding outer walls of the fixed frame 305, and the interior of the slide grooves 305a is slidably connected to a slider 305c through a third slider 305b. Limiting rods 301c are welded to the surrounding outer walls of the moving block 301b, and one end of the limiting rod 301c away from the moving block 301b penetrates the slider 305c and is threadedly sleeved with a limiting nut 301d. The second springs 306 are respectively sleeved on the outer sides of the limiting rods 301c, and the second springs 306 are respectively located at the fixed On the inner side of the frame 305, the movable block 301b is used to movably install the installation column 301 and the fixed frame 305, and the sliding groove 305a and the third sliding rod 305b are used to install the slider 305c. The setting of the limiting rod 301c and the limiting nut 301d realizes the movable connection between the movable block 301b and the slider 305c, and the setting of the slider 305c is used to movably install the movable block 301b inside the fixed frame 305, and at the same time, the friction force generated by the relative movement between the limiting rod 301c and the slider 305c consumes the movement potential energy of the movable block 301b.

[0051] The rest of the structure is the same as that of the first embodiment.

[0052] The operation process of this embodiment is as follows: when the spray pipe 1 is subjected to a vertical force and vibrates, the spray pipe 1 drives the connecting plate 303 to perform vertical reciprocating motion on the inner side of the mounting column 301 through the second ring 302, and the first spring 304 is elastically deformed by the movement of the connecting plate 303. Under the action of the first spring 304, the external force on the spray pipe 1 is converted into the motion potential energy of the connecting plate 303, and the motion potential energy of the connecting plate 303 is consumed by the friction force between the damping sleeve 303b and the second slide bar 301a, thereby performing vertical shock absorption and buffering on the spray pipe 1.

[0053] When the spray pipe 1 vibrates due to the force in the horizontal direction, its mounting column 301 drives the moving block 301b to slide inside the fixed frame 305, and the movement of the moving block 301b elastically deforms the second spring 306. Under the action of the second spring 306, the external force in the horizontal direction on the spray pipe 1 is converted into the kinetic potential energy of the moving block 301b. At the same time, under the action of the friction force between the limit rod 301c and the slider 305c, the kinetic potential energy of the moving block 301b is consumed, thereby performing shock absorption and buffering on the spray pipe 1 in the horizontal direction.

[0054] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0055] The preferred embodiments of the utility model disclosed above are only used to help explain the utility model. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the utility model to the specific implementation methods described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the utility model, so that technicians in the relevant technical field can well understand and use the utility model. The utility model is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A spray structure for a cooling tower, comprising a spray pipe (1) and a water retaining assembly (2), characterized in that: The water retaining assembly (2) comprises a first sleeve ring (201), a water retaining plate (202), a movable plate (203), an electric push rod (204) and a fixed plate (205), and the first sleeve ring (201) is respectively sleeved on both sides of the outer wall of the spray pipe (1), the lower part of the first sleeve ring (201) is rotatably connected with the water retaining plate (202), and the movable plate (203) is vertically movably connected along the outer wall of the side of the water retaining plate (202) away from each other, the side of the movable plate (203) away from the water retaining plate (202) is movably connected with the electric push rod (204), and the side of the electric push rod (204) away from the movable plate (203) is movably connected with the fixed plate (205); The spray pipe (1) is also provided with a mounting assembly (3) on both sides, and the mounting assembly (3) comprises a mounting column (301), a second sleeve (302), a first spring (304), a fixing frame (305) and a second spring (306). The mounting columns (301) are respectively located at the front and rear ends of both sides of the spray pipe (1), and the second sleeve (302) is movably connected between the front and rear adjacent mounting columns (301). The second sleeve (302) is respectively sleeved on the front and rear ends of both sides of the spray pipe (1), and connecting plates (303) are welded on the back surfaces of the front and rear adjacent second sleeves (302). One end of the connecting plate (303) away from the second sleeve (302) is movably connected to the inner side of the mounting column (301) through the first spring (304), and the top and bottom ends of the mounting column (301) are movably connected to the fixing frame (305) through the second spring (306).

2. A spray structure for a cooling tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: Branch pipes (101) are passed through the front and rear end surfaces of the spray pipe (1), and one end of the branch pipe (101) away from the spray pipe (1) is fixedly connected to a spray head (102).

3. A spray structure for a cooling tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotating block (201a) and a U-shaped seat (202a) are respectively welded to the bottom of the first collar (201) and the upper surface of the water retaining plate (202), and the bottom end of the rotating block (201a) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the U-shaped seat (202a).

4. A spray structure for a cooling tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front and rear ends of the outer wall of one side of the water retaining plate (202) that are away from each other are both vertically fixedly connected to a first sliding rod (202b), and both ends of the movable plate (203) are movably sleeved on the outer wall of the first sliding rod (202b).

5. The spray structure for a cooling tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The facing surfaces of the movable plate (203) and the fixed plate (205) are both longitudinally fixedly connected with a mounting rod (203a), and the two ends of the electric push rod (204) are rotatably sleeved on the front and rear ends of the outer wall of the mounting rod (203a).

6. A spray structure for a cooling tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the mounting column (301) is vertically fixedly connected with a second sliding rod (301a), the surface of the connecting plate (303) is provided with a through hole (303a), and the interior of the through hole (303a) is fixedly connected with a damping sleeve (303b), the damping sleeve (303b) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the second sliding rod (301a), and the first spring (304) is respectively sleeved above and below the outer side of the second sliding rod (301a).

7. A spray structure for a cooling tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the second sleeve ring (302) is bonded with a rubber pad (302a), and the inner side surface of the rubber pad (302a) is respectively abutted and connected to the front and rear end surfaces of the spray pipe (1).

8. A spray structure for a cooling tower according to claim 7, characterized in that: Ear seats (302b) are welded to the top and bottom of the second ring (302), and the front and rear adjacent ear seats (302b) are connected by stud bolts (302c).

9. The spray structure for a cooling tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top and bottom ends of the mounting column (301) are welded with moving blocks (301b), and the moving blocks (301b) are movably connected to the inner side of the fixed frame (305). Slide grooves (305a) are provided on the outer walls around the fixed frame (305), and the inside of the slide grooves (305a) is slidably connected to the slider (305c) through the third slider (305b). Limiting rods (301c) are welded on the outer walls around the moving block (301b), and the end of the limiting rod (301c) away from the moving block (301b) passes through the slider (305c) and is threadedly sleeved with a limiting nut (301d), and the second springs (306) are respectively sleeved on the outer side of the limiting rod (301c), and the second springs (306) are respectively located on the inner side of the fixed frame (305).

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