Soil channel indoor detection device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a soil body channel indoor detection device, which comprises a walk-in type environment test box, a channel model, a deformation monitoring system and a temperature and moisture monitoring system, the walk-in type environment test box is provided with a door, an observation window and a temperature control system, the top of the walk-in type environment test box is provided with a water spraying mechanism, and the water spraying mechanism is connected with the channel model. The channel model is located in the walk-in environment test box and comprises an outer template, an inner template and a soil body component. The beneficial effects of the utility model are that the device employs the pull rope sensor to detect the total deformation, combines the pattern angle recognition, can accurately calculate the three-dimensional deformation in the soil body, builds an equal-scale model which is 1: 1 with a solid channel, can simulate various working conditions of the channel, such as air temperature, rainfall and underground water level changes, and the combination of the working conditions. Test detection is carried out aiming at the environment working condition of an engineering area, the authenticity state of the channel frost heaving and thaw collapse process is restored, and engineering practice is fitted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural water conservancy engineering equipment, in particular to an indoor detection device for a soil channel. Background Art

[0002] Agricultural water use accounts for more than 60% of my country's water resources. Water diversion irrigation canals are an important part of agricultural water conservancy projects and are widely used in various irrigation areas in my country. Water diversion canals are generally damaged to varying degrees by soil frost heaving, which causes the concrete lining slabs to bulge, break, and even slide and fall off, weakening the anti-seepage capacity of the canal lining structure and significantly reducing the water diversion efficiency. Repairs to the concrete lining slabs are also useless. They are repaired every year and deteriorate every year. The root cause is that the water in the canal foundation soil migrates and gathers toward the freezing front under the action of the negative temperature gradient, and produces frost heaving and thawing effects with seasonal changes.

[0003] Domestic and foreign research on anti-frost heave of channels mainly focuses on theoretical aspects such as the frost heave properties of frozen soil, constitutive relations, frost heave theory, and numerical simulation methods. Due to the large number of influencing factors in the field environment, its correctness and accuracy are difficult to be objectively verified by engineering entities. The channel scale model test is an excellent verification scheme that can control variables indoors, accurately analyze the correctness of various theories and the accuracy of numerical simulation methods, and thus optimize the structure and material design of the channel. However, there are few such studies. The fundamental reason is the lack of an indoor test device for scale models and supporting detection methods. The device and method should meet the following characteristics: First, it is proportional, and the channel model is a 1:1 model of the physical channel, which is a true restoration; second, it is full-condition, and the channel model can simulate various working conditions and their combinations such as temperature, precipitation, and groundwater level changes; third, the deformation detection is precise and scientific, and can accurately detect the three-dimensional deformation of any position inside the soil. All existing devices and methods cannot meet these requirements.

[0004] Regarding channel frost heave monitoring, the utility model patent with the publication number "CN104236623A" discloses a multifunctional automatic monitoring system for frost heave of water delivery channels, which includes a monitoring center, a data acquisition and transmission system, and a monitoring instrument. The utility model focuses on describing the macroscopic connection of its monitoring and early warning system, but does not elaborate on how to detect frost heave deformation, what appropriate sensors to use, how to arrange them, etc. In fact, for soil deformation, an accurate and convenient method of detecting deformation is particularly important.

[0005] In order to measure the frost heave deformation of the channel, the utility model patent with the publication number "CN103884313A" discloses a method for measuring the frost heave and thaw settlement of rock and soil by two-dimensional vector. This method calculates the deformation of the frost heave and thaw settlement along the normal and tangential directions or the vector of the frost heave and thaw settlement deformation, thereby synchronously monitoring the tangential and normal frost heave and thaw settlement deformation in a two-dimensional plane. This method improves the detection accuracy, but the detection instrument and equipment are more complex and costly, and are suitable for small-scale deployment in the field. The utility model patent with the publication number "CN111562283A" discloses an instrument for automatically measuring the frost heave deformation of the entire cross-section of the channel and a measurement and installation method. The instrument uses the reference pile as a fixed point, and automatically measures the readings of the measurement modules laid flat on the entire cross-section of the channel to achieve real-time measurement of the frost heave deformation of the entire cross-section of the channel. Through the measured data, based on the geometric relationship of each measurement module, the frost heave change of the entire cross-section of the channel can be calculated. Both schemes can only detect the deformation of the channel surface, but cannot detect the deformation inside the channel.

[0006] Regarding channel model tests, the utility model patent with publication number "CN106836110A" discloses a one-way seepage model test device for irrigation channels in high groundwater level irrigation areas. The device is a box model and can be used to study methods to improve the anti-seepage of irrigation channels in areas with high groundwater levels, but it cannot detect frost heave, thaw settlement deformation and moisture distribution data.

[0007] Regarding the detection of channel frost heave force, the utility model patent with publication number "CN111458062A" discloses an instrument for automatically measuring the three-dimensional frost heave force of the channel and its measurement and installation method. A three-dimensional force measurement module is set up, which can automatically measure the three-dimensional frost heave force of the water supply channel for a long time, but it does not have the ability to detect frost heave deformation and moisture migration. Utility Model Content

[0008] In view of the problems in the related technology, the utility model proposes an indoor detection device for soil channels to overcome the above technical problems existing in the existing related technology.

[0009] To this end, the specific technical solutions adopted by the utility model are as follows:

[0010] A soil channel indoor detection device comprises a walk-in environmental test box, a channel model, a deformation monitoring system and a temperature and moisture monitoring system, wherein the walk-in environmental test box is provided with a door, an observation window and a temperature control system, a water spraying mechanism is provided on the top of the walk-in environmental test box, the channel model is located inside the walk-in environmental test box, the channel model comprises an outer template, an inner template and a soil component, the outer template is placed inside the walk-in environmental test box, the inner template is pasted on the inner wall of the outer template, and the soil component is filled inside the inner template.

[0011] Preferably, water injection pipes are provided at the four corners of the inner wall of the inner formwork, the bottom end of the water injection pipe is buried inside the soil component, the top end of the water injection pipe passes through the top of the soil component, the pipe body of the water injection pipe is arranged in a plum blossom shape with a plurality of water injection holes, the outer surface of the water injection pipe is wrapped with an anti-filter geotextile, and the anti-filter geotextile covers the water injection holes.

[0012] Preferably, the deformation monitoring system includes a pull rope sensor, a graph collector and a data collector, the pull rope sensor is installed on a steel frame, the steel frame is welded and fixed to the outer formwork, the pull rope on the pull rope sensor is connected to a fixed head located in the soil member, a plastic sheet is provided on the fixed head, the plastic sheet and the pull rope are connected and fixed by bolts and nuts, the graph collector and the data collector are arranged on the inner wall of the walk-in environmental test chamber, and the pull rope sensor and the graph collector are both electrically connected to the data collector.

[0013] Preferably, the temperature and moisture monitoring system includes a soil sensor, which is buried inside the soil component, and the soil sensor is electrically connected to the data collector.

[0014] Preferably, the temperature control system includes a cold air blower, a hot air blower, a high temperature temperature sensor and a low temperature temperature sensor, the cold air blower and the hot air blower are arranged on the outside of the walk-in environmental test box, the output ends of both the cold air blower and the hot air blower pass through the interior of the walk-in environmental test box, and the high temperature temperature sensor and the low temperature temperature sensor are arranged inside the walk-in environmental test box.

[0015] Preferably, the water spray mechanism includes a water tank, a water pipe and a water nozzle. The water tank is arranged on one side of the walk-in environmental test chamber. A water pump is provided in the water tank. The water pipe is provided at the output end of the water pump. The end of the water pipe passes through the interior of the walk-in environmental test chamber and is connected to a plurality of water nozzles.

[0016] Preferably, the observation window is a vacuum insulation structure made of three layers of glass.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0018] The device method provided by the utility model is ingenious in conception and simple in structure. It can provide the real process of frost heave, thaw settlement deformation and moisture migration of the channel under engineering environmental conditions when different structural materials are used. It can well realize the automatic measurement of frost heave deformation and moisture migration of indoor channel models, and is used to screen out channel structural types and material solutions with optimal anti-frost heave performance, which is helpful to carry out refined structure and material design for anti-frost heave of soil channels, so as to reduce the occurrence of frost heave damage to the channel.

[0019] The utility model establishes a 1:1 proportional model with the actual channel, which can simulate various working conditions and their combinations such as temperature, precipitation, groundwater level changes, etc. that the channel is subject to, conducts test inspections on the environmental conditions in the project area, and restores the true state of the channel's frost heave, thaw and settlement process to fit the actual project.

[0020] The utility model solves the three-dimensional frost heave deformation of the soil body through the pull-rope sensor and the graphic collector, thus overcoming the defect that the prior art can only detect one-dimensional or two-dimensional deformation.

[0021] The utility model can detect the deformation at any position inside the soil body, overcoming the defect that the prior art can only detect the deformation of the surface layer of the soil body, and makes the detection result more accurate, scientific and comprehensive. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an indoor detection device for soil channels according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an indoor detection device for soil channels according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a channel model structure of a soil channel indoor detection device according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a pull-rope sensor structure of an indoor detection device for a soil channel according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0027] In the figure:

[0028] 1. Walk-in environmental test chamber; 2. Channel model; 3. Deformation monitoring system; 4. Temperature and moisture monitoring system; 5. Observation window; 6. Water nozzle; 7. External formwork; 8. Internal formwork; 9. Soil component; 10. Water injection pipe; 11. Pull rope sensor; 12. Graphics collector; 13. Data collector; 14. Soil sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] To further illustrate each embodiment, the present invention provides drawings, which are part of the disclosure of the present invention and are mainly used to illustrate the embodiments. They can be used in conjunction with the relevant descriptions in the specification to explain the operating principles of the embodiments. With reference to these contents, ordinary technicians in the field should be able to understand other possible implementation methods and advantages of the present invention. The components in the figures are not drawn to scale, and similar component symbols are generally used to represent similar components.

[0030] According to an embodiment of the utility model, a soil channel indoor detection device is provided.

[0031] Embodiment 1;

[0032] like Figure 1-4As shown, according to the embodiment of the utility model, the indoor detection device for soil channels includes a walk-in environmental test box 1, a channel model 2, a deformation monitoring system 3 and a temperature and moisture monitoring system 4. The walk-in environmental test box 1 is a heat-insulating and temperature-adjusting space that can control the internal temperature at -40°C-40°C. The dimensions are 6.0m in length, 4.0m in width and 3.0m in height. The box body is made of heat-insulating material with a thermal conductivity of less than 0.02W / (m·K) and a thickness of 200mm. The inner and outer surfaces are reinforced with steel structures. The walk-in environmental test box 1 is provided with a door, an observation window 5 and a temperature control system. The observation window 5 is a vacuum insulation structure made of three layers of glass. The test conditions inside the box can be observed through the observation window 5. A water spray mechanism is provided on the top of the walk-in environmental test box 1. The channel model 2 is located inside the walk-in environmental test box 1. The outer formwork 7 is placed inside the walk-in environmental test box 1. The outer formwork 7 is made of 10mm thick Q235B steel plate and connected with high-strength bolts. Its structural dimensions are designed as needed and have the same proportion as the physical channel. The inner formwork 8 is pasted on the inner wall of the outer formwork 7. The inner formwork 8 is made of 100mm thick polystyrene insulation board, which has insulation and waterproof effects, so that the soil component 9 exchanges heat from its upper surface, and there is no water leakage loss inside. The inner formwork 8 is bonded with waterproof glass glue. The soil is filled inside the inner formwork 8. Component 9, soil component 9 is a section model of the channel. Its structural type and material parameters, such as slope, channel depth, material ratio, compaction degree, etc., are determined before the test and are the research objects of the test. Differences in structural type and material parameters will lead to different frost heave deformations. The channel soil is wrapped in turn by the insulation inner template 8 and the steel outer template 7. The function of the insulation inner template 8 is to ensure that the channel soil is gradually cooled from the upper surface of the structure to the inside when it is cooled, rather than from the surrounding of the model to the inside. The function of the steel outer template 7 is to ensure that the soil channel can be compacted and formed. The soil channel is also provided with a water injection pipe. , used to simulate the working condition of groundwater level changes, water injection pipes 10 are provided at the four corners of the inner wall of the inner template 8, and the water injection pipes 10 can inject water to adjust the soil moisture content inside the soil component 9. The bottom end of the water injection pipe 10 is buried in the soil component 9, and the top end of the water injection pipe 10 penetrates to the top of the soil component 9. The pipe body of the water injection pipe 10 is arranged in a plum blossom shape with a plurality of water injection holes. The outer surface of the water injection pipe 10 is wrapped with an anti-filter geotextile, and the anti-filter geotextile blocks the water injection holes. The water injection pipe 10 is a PVC pipe with a diameter of 10 mm.

[0033] Embodiment 2:

[0034] like Figure 1-4As shown, the deformation monitoring system 3 includes a pull rope sensor 11, a graph collector 12 and a data collector 13. The pull rope sensor 11 is installed on a steel frame, and the steel frame is welded and fixed on the outer template 7. The pull rope on the pull rope sensor 11 is connected to a fixed head located in the soil member 9 to detect the deformation of the soil layer at this part. The fixed head is provided with a plastic sheet, and the plastic sheet and the pull rope are connected and fixed by bolts and nuts. The graph collector 12 and the data collector 13 are arranged on the walk-in environmental test box 1. There are two graphic collectors 12 on the inner wall, fixed on the adjacent inner walls of the environmental test chamber 1, with shooting directions perpendicular to each other (x-axis and y-axis directions), used to shoot the angle between the rope of the pull-wire sensor 11 and the vertical direction (z-axis). The pull-wire sensor 11 and the graphic collector 12 are both electrically connected to the data collector 13, and can simultaneously read, collect and store the measured data in the format of (L, φ, θ), where L is the value of the pull-wire sensor 11, in mm, and φ and θ are the values ​​of the two graphic collectors 12, in rad. Transformed into a rectangular coordinate system, x=L·sinθ·cosφ, y=L·sinθ·sinφ, z=L·cosθ. The three-dimensional deformation is △x=x t -x0, △y=y t -y0, △z=z t -z0, where x t represents the calculated value of x at time t, and x0 represents the calculated value of x at the initial time; the temperature and moisture monitoring system 4 includes a soil sensor 14, which is buried inside the soil component 9 and is used to detect the soil temperature and moisture at this location. The soil sensor 14 is electrically connected to the data collector 13, and the data collector 13 obtains and saves the detection results of the soil sensor 14 in real time.

[0035] Embodiment three;

[0036] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the temperature control system includes a cold air blower, a hot air blower, a high temperature sensor and a low temperature sensor. The cold air blower and the hot air blower are arranged on the outside of the walk-in environmental test box 1, and the output ends of both the cold air blower and the hot air blower pass through the inside of the walk-in environmental test box 1. The high temperature sensor and the low temperature sensor are arranged inside the walk-in environmental test box 1; through the temperature control system, the temperature inside the walk-in environmental test box 1 can be conveniently regulated.

[0037] Embodiment 4:

[0038] like Figure 1-4As shown, the water spraying mechanism includes a water tank, a water pipe and a water nozzle 6. The water tank is arranged on one side of the walk-in environmental test box 1. A water pump is arranged in the water tank. The output end of the water pump is provided with the water pipe. The end of the water pipe passes through the interior of the walk-in environmental test box 1 and is connected to a plurality of water nozzles 6. The water spraying amount is adjustable to simulate precipitation conditions. The plurality of water nozzles 6 are arranged in a grid shape with a row spacing of 30 cm and a spacing of 30 cm.

[0039] In practical application, the detection step flow of a soil channel indoor detection device according to an embodiment of the utility model can be as follows:

[0040] Assemble the channel model, install the outer template 7 and the inner template 8 that make up the channel model 2, stick a layer of waterproof film inside the inner template 8, seal the joints to prevent water from flowing out, and install the water injection pipes 10 at the four corners of the channel model 2, and test whether the temperature, water spraying and other functions are normal;

[0041] To prepare soil materials, weighed soil materials are added into a forced mixer, and weighed water is sprayed into the forced mixer during the mixing process, so that the soil materials are evenly moistened, can be formed into a ball when grasped, and can be scattered when dropped at the waist, thereby preparing soil materials;

[0042] The soil component is constructed by layered construction. First, 10-20 cm of soil is laid inside the inner formwork 8, and then compacted. When the height of the soil layer rises to the burial height of the pull-wire sensor 11, the fixed head of the pull-wire sensor 11 and the soil sensor 14 are buried. For the construction of the channel slope of the soil component 9, wooden formwork supports need to be laid layer by layer, and then constructed in layers. The wooden formwork side is strengthened and compacted to prevent collapse after demoulding. When the soil component 9 is constructed to the top, the temperature of the walk-in environmental test box is set to 20°C. After standing for 3-5 days, the wooden formwork is removed, and a steel frame is welded on the outer formwork 7. The fixed end of the pull-wire sensor 11 is fixed on the steel frame, and the data lines of the pull-wire sensor 11 and the soil sensor 14 are straightened. The data collector 13 starts to monitor deformation data and soil moisture content and temperature information;

[0043] Freeze-thaw test: after the soil temperature and deformation data of the soil component 9 are basically stable, the deformation data is reset to zero, and the frost heave process begins. The temperature of the walk-in environmental test box is set to minus 20°C, and the deformation, temperature and moisture changes of the soil component are monitored. After the deformation data is basically stable, the frost heave process can be ended and the thaw settlement process can be started. During the thaw settlement process, the temperature of the walk-in environmental test box is set to 20°C, and the deformation, temperature and moisture changes of the soil component are monitored. After the deformation data is basically stable, the thaw settlement process can be ended, and the next step can be to terminate the test or enter the next cycle test;

[0044] Data processing and analysis: the data collector 13 performs statistical processing on the soil temperature, moisture content, conductivity, deformation in the xyz direction and other data collected by the pull-wire sensor 11, the graphic collector 12 and the soil sensor 14, and draws a curve graph, which is displayed on a display device.

[0045] In the soil component construction steps: when the height of the soil layer rises to the burial height of the pull-wire sensor 11, first use a ring knife to detect the density of the soil layer, and keep a sample to test the moisture content; when burying the fixed head of the pull-wire sensor 11, first determine the precise position of the fixed head, cover the plastic sheet of the fixed head with a layer of soil, compact it manually, and then construct; when burying the soil sensor 14, insert a small section of square tube from the probe end of the soil sensor 14. The cross-sectional size of the square tube is close to the sensor head, about 5 cm long, insert the needle-shaped probe into the soil, put the square tube on the sensor head, fill the interior with foam, buffer and protect, the pull-wire sensor 1 The steel wire rope on 1 and the data line of the moisture sensor should be vertically upward and out of the soil layer; the steel wire rope and data line on the rope sensor 11 buried in the channel slope are thrown out from the appropriate wooden template and arranged after the template is removed; water can be added to the soil component 9 through the water injection pipe 10 to make the moisture content of the soil layer within the range required by the test. In the soil material preparation step, in order to ensure that the moisture content of the mixed soil material is appropriate, the following method can be adopted: first control the moisture content of the soil material to the optimal moisture content of about -2%, so that the soil material is not too dry or too wet. After manual mixing 3-4 times, cover it with waterproof cloth for one week to make the moisture distribution even.

[0046] In summary, with the help of the above technical scheme of the utility model, the device method provided by the utility model is ingenious in conception and simple in structure. It can give the real process of frost heave, thaw and sink deformation and water migration of the channel under engineering environmental conditions and when different structural materials are used, and can well realize the automatic measurement of frost heave deformation and water migration of indoor channel models, which is used to screen out the channel structure type and material scheme with the best anti-frost heave performance, and is helpful to carry out refined structure and material design for anti-frost heave of soil channel, so as to reduce the occurrence of frost heave damage of the channel; the utility model establishes a 1:1 proportional model with the physical channel, which can simulate various working conditions and combinations such as temperature, precipitation, groundwater level changes, etc. to which the channel is subjected, and conducts test detection for the environmental working conditions in the engineering area, restores the real state of the frost heave and thaw sinking process of the channel, and fits the actual engineering. The utility model solves the three-dimensional frost heave deformation of the soil through the pull rope sensor and the graphic collector, which overcomes the defect that the existing technology can only detect one-dimensional or two-dimensional deformation; the utility model can detect the deformation at any position inside the soil, which overcomes the defect that the existing technology can only detect the deformation of the surface layer of the soil, making the detection result more accurate, scientific and comprehensive.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil channel indoor detection device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a walk-in environmental test box (1), a channel model (2), a deformation monitoring system (3) and a temperature and moisture monitoring system (4); the walk-in environmental test box (1) is provided with a door, an observation window (5) and a temperature control system; the top of the walk-in environmental test box (1) is provided with a water spraying mechanism; the channel model (2) is located inside the walk-in environmental test box (1); the channel model (2) comprises an outer template (7), an inner template (8) and a soil component (9); the outer template (7) is placed inside the walk-in environmental test box (1); the inner template (8) is pasted on the inner wall of the outer template (7); and the inner template (8) is filled with the soil component (9).

2. The soil channel indoor detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Water injection pipes (10) are provided at the four corners of the inner wall of the inner template (8); the bottom end of the water injection pipe (10) is buried inside the soil component (9); the top end of the water injection pipe (10) penetrates to the top of the soil component (9); the pipe body of the water injection pipe (10) is arranged in a plum blossom shape with a plurality of water injection holes; the outer surface of the water injection pipe (10) is wrapped with an anti-filter geotextile, and the anti-filter geotextile covers the water injection holes.

3. The soil channel indoor detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The deformation monitoring system (3) comprises a pull-wire sensor (11), a graph collector (12) and a data collector (13); the pull-wire sensor (11) is mounted on a steel frame, the steel frame is welded and fixed to the outer formwork (7); the pull-wire on the pull-wire sensor (11) is connected to a fixed head located in the soil member (9); a plastic sheet is provided on the fixed head; the plastic sheet and the pull-wire are connected and fixed by bolts and nuts; the graph collector (12) and the data collector (13) are arranged on the inner wall of the walk-in environmental test chamber (1); the pull-wire sensor (11) and the graph collector (12) are both electrically connected to the data collector (13).

4. The soil channel indoor detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The temperature and moisture monitoring system (4) comprises a soil sensor (14), wherein the soil sensor (14) is buried inside the soil component (9), and the soil sensor (14) is electrically connected to the data collector (13).

5. The soil channel indoor detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temperature control system comprises a cold air blower, a hot air blower, a high temperature sensor and a low temperature sensor. The cold air blower and the hot air blower are arranged on the outside of the walk-in environmental test box (1). The output ends of the cold air blower and the hot air blower both extend into the walk-in environmental test box (1). The high temperature sensor and the low temperature sensor are arranged inside the walk-in environmental test box (1).

6. The soil channel indoor detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water spray mechanism comprises a water tank, a water pipe and a water spray nozzle (6); the water tank is arranged on one side of the walk-in environmental test chamber (1); a water pump is arranged in the water tank; the water pipe is arranged at the output end of the water pump; the end of the water pipe passes through the interior of the walk-in environmental test chamber (1) and is connected to a plurality of water spray nozzles (6).

7. The soil channel indoor detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The observation window (5) is a vacuum insulation structure made of three layers of glass. There are two image collectors (12) fixed on adjacent inner walls of the walk-in environmental test box (1), with shooting directions perpendicular to each other.

Images