Frame mold

Abstract

The utility model discloses a frame mold, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic solar aluminum alloy frame machining. A frame mold comprises an upper mold and a lower mold, the upper mold is symmetrically provided with a plurality of groups of flow dividing cavities along the center, and each group of flow dividing cavities is circumferentially provided with a plurality of flow dividing channels along the center position of the flow dividing cavity; a plurality of extrusion cavities are symmetrically formed in the lower die along the center; and the upper die and the lower die are respectively provided with a locking and positioning assembly which can be mutually locked and positioned. According to the utility model, the different structures of the upper die and the lower die can be used for splitting the section bar, the diameter of the initial section bar is reduced, the initial section bar can smoothly pass through the extrusion chambers, the production burden is reduced, and meanwhile, a plurality of extrusion chambers are arranged, so that a plurality of frame aluminum section pieces can be formed at one time, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a frame mould and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic solar energy aluminium alloy frame processing. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic solar aluminum alloy frame is an important part of solar cell modules, which is mainly used to support and protect solar panels. The processing of aluminum alloy frame is a key production link, which directly affects the performance, stability and life of solar cell modules; at the same time, the processing of aluminum alloy frame has extremely strict quality requirements on mechanical properties, geometric dimensions, surface quality and corrosion performance.

[0003] The following are the general steps and important considerations for photovoltaic solar aluminum alloy frame processing:

[0004] 1. Material selection: High-strength, lightweight aluminum alloy is generally used as the main material for solar panels. Choosing the right alloy can ensure that the frame has sufficient strength and corrosion resistance to cope with harsh outdoor environments.

[0005] 2. Profile extrusion: Photovoltaic solar frames are usually processed by aluminum profile extrusion. Extrusion is the process of extruding aluminum alloy into a specific shape through an extrusion machine, which can achieve the production of complex cross-sections and longer lengths and improve production efficiency.

[0006] 3. Trimming and cutting: The extruded aluminum profile needs to be trimmed and cut according to the size of the solar panel. This ensures that the frame exactly matches the size of the solar panel.

[0007] 4. Corner connection and corner welding: The connection points of the frame are usually corner connected and fixed by corner welding to improve the stability of the frame. The welding process requires precise control of temperature and welding time to ensure that the weld is firm and stable.

[0008] 5. Anodizing: In order to increase the corrosion resistance and surface hardness of the frame, the aluminum alloy frame is often anodized. This process can form a dense oxide layer and improve the weather resistance of the frame.

[0009] 6. Spraying treatment: Some solar frames may be sprayed to increase the surface aesthetics, weather resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0010] 7. Quality inspection: After processing, strict quality inspection is required to ensure that the size, appearance and performance of the frame meet the standard requirements.

[0011] In the existing profile extrusion process, a die of a specific shape is often used, and then the aluminum material is extruded through the die cavity of the specific shape at one time to form the required frame. During the extrusion process, the extruded profile is difficult to pass through the extrusion channel due to its large diameter, overall thickness and width, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. At the same time, since the extrusion chamber is often one, one profile can only be processed after passing through the extrusion chamber, which increases the production burden and reduces production efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0012] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a frame mold, which can divide the profile into strands and flows through the different structures of the upper and lower molds, reduce the diameter of the initial profile, allow it to pass through the extrusion chamber smoothly, reduce the production burden, and at the same time, set up multiple extrusion chambers, which can form multiple frame aluminum profiles at one time and improve production efficiency.

[0013] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0014] A frame mold, comprising:

[0015] The upper mold is provided with a plurality of groups of flow cavities symmetrically along the center, and each group of flow cavities has a plurality of flow distribution channels distributed circumferentially along the center position of the flow distribution cavity;

[0016] The lower die has a plurality of extrusion chambers symmetrically arranged along the center;

[0017] The upper die and the lower die are respectively provided with locking and positioning components, which can be locked and positioned with each other.

[0018] In this device, when working, the upper mold and the lower mold work separately. When carrying or transporting, the upper mold and the lower mold can be directly locked by the locking positioning component and carried or transported together. On the one hand, the upper mold and the lower mold can be transferred together at one time, saving the number of handling times and improving production efficiency. On the other hand, it can avoid displacement of the upper mold and the lower mold during transportation, thereby avoiding friction caused by displacement and effectively preventing damage to the upper mold or the lower mold. When working, the extruder first presses the aluminum rod directly into the diversion cavity of the upper mold. Due to multiple diversion channels, the upper mold can divide the aluminum rod into several strands, that is, it can divide the aluminum rod with a larger diameter into several aluminum rods with smaller diameters, and then let the aluminum rod with a smaller diameter pass through the extrusion chamber of the lower mold. Since the extrusion chamber is in the shape of a photovoltaic solar frame, a basic aluminum profile with the appearance of a photovoltaic solar frame is obtained, and then the basic aluminum profile is sheared and pressed, and the middle position of the basic aluminum profile is hollowed out, and finally a photovoltaic solar frame is obtained. Among them, since there is more than one extrusion chamber, multiple frame aluminum profiles can be formed at one time, improving production efficiency.

[0019] Preferably, the diversion channel is in a triangular shape, one corner of the triangle faces the center of the diversion cavity, and each corner is rounded.

[0020] During the diversion process, the triangular diversion channel can extrude the aluminum rod directly into a triangle, which is convenient for entering the extrusion chamber of the lower die later. The rounded corners can cut off the edges of the aluminum rod during the extrusion process to prevent the edges from being deformed when the aluminum material enters the extrusion chamber of the lower die, and then being squeezed and accumulated towards the center of the aluminum material, thereby avoiding the occurrence of uneven extrusion during the extrusion process.

[0021] Preferably, the diversion cavity and the extrusion cavity are respectively provided with unloading platforms which are recessed toward the extrusion direction of the profile and are used to unload the forward extrusion force when the profile contacts the upper die.

[0022] During the extrusion process, the unloading platform can absorb part of the pressure at the moment of extrusion, thereby preventing the profile from directly accumulating and blocking the diversion cavity or the extrusion cavity when it is extruded instantly.

[0023] Preferably, the cross section of the unloading platform is arc-shaped, with the center of the arc facing the central axis thereof.

[0024] The arc-shaped design can guide the force received by the aluminum rod to diffuse from the inside to the outside, further dispersing the forward extrusion force.

[0025] Preferably, each group of diversion cavities is fixed with an anti-collision block along the center position of the diversion cavity.

[0026] The anti-collision block can absorb the extrusion potential energy at the center of each group of diversion cavities, preventing the aluminum rod from directly hitting the center of the diversion cavity, thereby ensuring the reliability of the diversion cavity.

[0027] Preferably, the extrusion chamber is provided with a corrugated pattern for forming a wave texture of the profile.

[0028] Generally, the wave texture of the photovoltaic solar aluminum alloy frame is formed by cutting after extrusion molding. In the present device, a wave pattern is arranged in the extrusion chamber, which can be formed at one time during the extrusion process, absorbing the subsequent cutting process, saving the process flow and improving work efficiency.

[0029] Preferably, the locking and positioning assembly comprises:

[0030] A positioning pin is fixedly arranged diagonally along the center of the upper die;

[0031] A positioning hole, which is provided in the lower mold and is arranged corresponding to the positioning pin;

[0032] The locking holes are respectively located on the upper die and the lower die and are arranged adjacent to the positioning pins or the positioning holes;

[0033] The latch can be inserted into the locking hole to lock the upper die and the lower die, and the latch is interference fit with the locking hole.

[0034] The upper die and the lower die are positioned using the positioning pins and positioning holes, and the upper die and the lower die are locked using the latch pins.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0036] When working, the upper mold and the lower mold work separately. When carrying or transporting, the upper mold and the lower mold can be directly locked by the locking and positioning assembly for carrying or transporting together. On the one hand, the upper mold and the lower mold can be transferred together at one time, saving the number of handling times and improving production efficiency. On the other hand, it can avoid displacement of the upper mold and the lower mold during transportation, thereby avoiding friction caused by displacement and effectively preventing damage to the upper mold or the lower mold. When working, the extruder first presses the aluminum rod directly into the diversion cavity of the upper mold. Due to multiple diversion channels, the upper mold can divide the aluminum rod into several strands, that is, it can divide the aluminum rod with a larger diameter into several aluminum rods with smaller diameters, and then let the aluminum rod with a smaller diameter pass through the extrusion chamber of the lower mold. Since the extrusion chamber is in the shape of a photovoltaic solar frame, a basic aluminum profile with the appearance of a photovoltaic solar frame is obtained. Then, the basic aluminum profile is sheared and pressed, and the middle position of the basic aluminum profile is hollowed out to finally obtain a photovoltaic solar frame. Among them, since there is more than one extrusion chamber, multiple frame aluminum profiles can be formed at one time, which improves production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the upper mold of the utility model;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower mold of the utility model;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the frame shape obtained by the utility model;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the final border shape.

[0041] In the figure: 1, upper die, 2, diversion cavity, 21, diversion channel, 3, anti-collision block, 4, unloading platform, 5, lower die, 51, extrusion chamber, 511, corrugated pattern, 6, positioning pin, 7, positioning hole, 8, locking hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0043] Example

[0044] In the existing profile extrusion process, a die of a specific shape is often used, and then the aluminum material is extruded through the die cavity of the specific shape at one time to form the required frame. During the extrusion process, the extruded profile is difficult to pass through the extrusion channel due to its large diameter, overall thickness and width, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. At the same time, since the extrusion chamber is often one, one profile can only be processed after passing through the extrusion chamber, which increases the production burden and reduces production efficiency.

[0045] In order to solve the above technical problems, this embodiment adopts the following technical solutions:

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a porous mold for a photovoltaic aluminum profile frame includes: an upper mold 1 and a lower mold 5, wherein the upper mold 1 is symmetrically provided with two groups of flow chambers 2 along the center, and each group of flow chambers 2 is circumferentially distributed along the center position of the flow chamber 2; the lower mold 5 is symmetrically provided with two extrusion chambers 51 along the center; the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 5 are respectively provided with locking and positioning components, which can be locked and positioned with each other. Among them, the locking and positioning components include: a positioning pin 6, a positioning hole 7 and a latch, the positioning pin 6 is fixed diagonally along the center position of the upper mold 1, and can fix the upper and lower diagonals; the positioning hole 7 corresponds to the positioning pin 6 and is arranged on the lower mold 5, and the positioning pin 6 can be inserted into the positioning hole 7 to realize the installation and positioning of the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 5. A locking hole 8 is provided on the upper mold 1 or the lower mold 5, and the locking hole 8 is adjacent to the position of the positioning pin 6 or the positioning hole 7. The latch can be inserted into the locking hole 8 to lock the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 5, and the latch and the locking hole 8 are interference fit. In the device, the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 5 are positioned by using the positioning pins 6 and the positioning holes 7, and the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 5 are locked by using the latch pins.

[0047] In the present device, when working, the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 5 work separately. When carrying or transporting, the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 5 can be directly locked by the locking and positioning assembly and carried or transported together. On the one hand, the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 5 can be transferred together at one time, saving the number of transportation times and improving production efficiency. On the other hand, the displacement of the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 5 during transportation can be avoided, thereby avoiding the friction caused by the displacement and effectively preventing damage to the upper mold 1 or the lower mold 5. When working, the extruder first presses the aluminum rod directly into the diversion cavity 2 of the upper mold 1. Due to the multiple diversion channels 21, the upper mold 1 can divide the aluminum rod into several strands, that is, it can divide the aluminum rod with a larger diameter into several aluminum rods with smaller diameters, and then let the aluminum rod with a smaller diameter pass through the extrusion chamber 51 of the lower mold 5. Since the extrusion chamber 51 is in the shape of a photovoltaic solar frame, a basic aluminum profile with the appearance of a photovoltaic solar frame is obtained (such as Figure 3 As shown), the basic aluminum profile is then sheared and pressed, and the middle of the basic aluminum profile is hollowed out, and finally the following is obtained: Figure 4Photovoltaic solar frame. Since there is more than one extrusion chamber 51, multiple frame aluminum parts can be formed at one time, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0048] The extrusion process parameters in this device are as follows:

[0049] 1. Selection of aluminum rod material ingot: By optimizing the grain structure of the ingot, adding rare earth elements (optimal in the range of 0.18% to 0.26%) and adjusting the content of alloying elements Si, Mg, and Cu, a reasonable aging system is selected in the subsequent order to achieve the mechanical properties required by customers and facilitate extrusion and oxidation production. In this embodiment, the ingot grain size is required to be level one.

[0050] 2. Aluminum rod loading temperature: 450℃~460℃. In this embodiment, the aluminum rod can be heated to 500℃~520℃ first, and then taken out of the heating furnace to cool down. The extrusion rod temperature should not be too high to avoid black lines and scratches on the surface.

[0051] 3. Mold temperature: 450℃~480℃. It must be ensured that the mold is heated in the heating furnace for more than 2 hours, but the mold must be taken out if it exceeds 8 hours.

[0052] 4. Extrusion speed: depends on the surface quality of the material. Generally, the speed is 8m / min~18m / min, the online quenching temperature at the outlet is 520±5℃, the online quenching temperature of 6060 alloy is 515±5℃, and the cooling speed is 4℃ / S (air volume 660m3 / h full pressure, air pressure 850Pa).

[0053] 5. Profiles often bend when cut. After the profiles are divided and overlapped, the straightening elongation rate will increase to remove the bend, resulting in scratches on the profiles, excessive straightening, orange peel on the surface, and unsatisfactory dimensions. In order to achieve simultaneous cooling, a spray pipe cooling method can be installed on the receiving table.

[0054] 6. Special hole pads must be used during extrusion production to reduce elastic deformation of the mold.

[0055] 7. Aging process adjustment: After heat treatment at 180℃ for 6h, the tensile strength of aluminum alloy profiles is higher.

[0056] 8. Mould maintenance: If the material length and wall thickness of the first and second moulds are uneven, the maintenance principle is to repair the fast and then the slow, first repair the length and then the shape.

[0057] The following effects can be obtained through the above process parameters:

[0058] 1. Improved extrusion production efficiency: According to production tracking, the production efficiency of multi-hole molds (referring to molds with multiple diversion channels 21 and extrusion chambers 51) is more than 50% higher than that of single-hole molds, especially for profiles with large single-order quantities. The multi-hole extrusion efficiency of 6005 alloy far exceeds that of single-hole extrusion. Therefore, multi-hole mold production has a great advantage in improving production efficiency.

[0059] 2. Large extrusion equipment is fully utilized: Due to market orders, the company's small machine orders are overloaded, large machines are idle, and resources are effectively utilized.

[0060] 3. High-strength hydrostatic pressure can obtain high aluminum surface quality. Originally, small tonnage 700T and 1000T were used to extrude photovoltaic solar frames, and the one-out-two mold was developed to use 1250T for extrusion.

[0061] 4. The delivery cycle of photovoltaic orders is faster. Due to the addition of a 1250T machine to extrude solar photovoltaic aluminum frames, customer delivery time is guaranteed, and the production cycle is shortened from the original 7 days to 5 days, which enhances the company's soft competitive strength.

[0062] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 Each group of diversion chambers 2 is fixed with an anti-collision block 3 along the center of the diversion chamber 2. The anti-collision block 3 can absorb the extrusion potential energy at the center of each group of diversion chambers 2, and prevent the aluminum rod from directly hitting the center of the diversion chamber 2, thereby ensuring the reliability of the diversion chamber 2.

[0063] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 The diversion channel 21 is in a triangular shape, with one corner of the triangle facing the center of the diversion chamber 2, and each corner is provided with a rounded corner, and the radius of the rounded corner is preferably selected as 1 / 5 of the side length. During the diversion process, the triangular diversion channel 21 can directly extrude the aluminum rod into a triangle, which is convenient for subsequent entry into the extrusion chamber 51 of the lower die 5, and the rounded corner can cut off the corners of the aluminum rod during the extrusion process, preventing the aluminum material with edges from entering the extrusion chamber 51 of the lower die 5, and the corners are squeezed and deformed, and the angular material is squeezed and accumulated toward the center of the aluminum material, thereby avoiding the occurrence of uneven extrusion during the extrusion process.

[0064] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 or Figure 2 , unloading platforms 4 are respectively provided on the diverter cavity 2 and the extrusion chamber 51, which are recessed in the direction of profile extrusion, and are used to unload the forward extrusion force when the profile contacts the upper die 1. The cross section of the unloading platform 4 is an arc shape, and the center of the arc faces its central axis. During the extrusion process, the unloading platform 4 can absorb part of the pressure at the moment of extrusion, thereby preventing the profile from directly accumulating and blocking the diverter cavity 2 or the extrusion chamber 51 when it is instantly extruded. The arc-shaped design can guide the force received by the aluminum bar to diffuse from the inside to the outside, further dispersing the forward extrusion force.

[0065] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 The side and bottom ends of the extrusion chamber 51 are provided with corrugated lines 511 (the shape of the corrugated lines can also be referred to Figure 3 Generally, the wave texture of the photovoltaic solar aluminum alloy frame is formed by cutting after extrusion molding, while in the present device, the wave pattern 511 is arranged in the extrusion chamber 51, which can be formed in one time during the extrusion process, absorbing the subsequent cutting process, saving the process flow and improving the work efficiency.

[0066] The features of this frame mold are as follows:

[0067] 1. The left and right and same direction discharging modes are adopted, and the discharging directions of each hole (referring to the hole having multiple diversion channels 21 and extrusion chambers 51) are consistent, and no special distinction is required at the rear saw. The operation of the rear saw is relatively simple, but the design flow rate requirements are high, and the discharging length of each hole is difficult to control.

[0068] 2. Adopt a separate feeding structure and avoid welding joint line design: when extruding, first divide the whole rod into two profiling rods and enter the diversion hole (diversion channel 21). The length difference of the material discharged from each hole is small, and the mold has strong anti-bullet deformation ability. The longer the bridge span is, the thicker the bridge is, the better the strength of the mold needs to be guaranteed. As the mold specifications increase, the extrusion force will also increase. Therefore, it is only necessary to ensure sufficient aluminum flow welding, and the shorter the bridge span is, the better.

[0069] 3. Secondary welding design (extrusion chamber 51 of lower die 5) improves the surface quality of photovoltaic frame aluminum. The working zone of the mold is generally selected to be 1.2-3.5 times the thickness of the profile. The flow rate of the profile is mainly controlled by the diversion chamber 2. The working zone design is assisted by adjustment. The transition at the "T" shape should not be obvious, otherwise it will affect the surface quality of the profile.

[0070] 4. Mould processing and manufacturing: CNC automatic processing is used to ensure accuracy. The working belt processing adopts slow wire processing. The working belt processing reduces obvious high and low points and makes the transition smooth. The mould hardness is 48-52HRC, and the hardness difference at any position on the mould is between 2HRC.

[0071] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, the utility model may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of protection claimed by the utility model. The scope of protection claimed by the utility model is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A frame mold, characterized in that: include: The upper mold is provided with a plurality of groups of flow cavities symmetrically along the center, and each group of flow cavities has a plurality of flow distribution channels distributed circumferentially along the center position of the flow distribution cavity; The lower die has a plurality of extrusion chambers symmetrically arranged along the center; The upper die and the lower die are respectively provided with locking and positioning components, which can be locked and positioned with each other.

2. A frame mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diversion channel is in a triangular shape, one corner of the triangle faces the center of the diversion cavity, and each corner is provided with a rounded corner.

3. A frame mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diversion cavity and the extrusion cavity are respectively provided with an unloading platform, which is concave toward the extrusion direction of the profile and is used to unload the forward extrusion force when the profile contacts the upper die.

4. A frame mold according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross section of the unloading platform is in the shape of an arc, with the center of the arc facing the central axis thereof.

5. A frame mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each group of diversion cavities is fixed with an anti-collision block along the center of the diversion cavity.

6. A frame mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion chamber is provided with a corrugated pattern for forming a wave texture of the profile.

7. A frame mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking and positioning assembly comprises: A positioning pin is fixedly arranged diagonally along the center of the upper die; A positioning hole, which is provided in the lower mold and is arranged corresponding to the positioning pin; The locking holes are respectively located on the upper die and the lower die and are arranged adjacent to the positioning pins or the positioning holes; The latch can be inserted into the locking hole to lock the upper die and the lower die, and the latch is interference fit with the locking hole.

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