Soft tissue retractor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a soft tissue retractor, which belongs to the technical field of medical instruments and comprises a pair of forceps arms hinged in the middle, the front ends of the pair of forceps arms are detachably connected with distraction forceps bodies through quick connectors, and the rear ends of the distraction forceps bodies are provided with inserting columns. Insertion holes matched with the insertion columns are formed in the front ends of the pair of clamp arms, the insertion columns and the insertion holes are polygonal to achieve circumferential rotation prevention, and sliding sleeves capable of axially locking the insertion columns in the insertion holes after operation are slidably connected to the positions, at the insertion holes, of the front ends of the pair of clamp arms; and the rear parts of the pair of forceps arms are provided with locking structures for locking the relative positions of the pair of forceps arms after the soft tissue retractor is opened. The soft tissue retractor is small in occupied space, capable of keeping the distraction distance and convenient to use in an operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a soft tissue retractor. Background Art

[0002] As a medical device, soft tissue retractors (such as skin retractors) are mainly used to separate and open the skin, soft tissue, etc. during surgical operations so that doctors can perform subsequent surgical operations. Retractors usually consist of two parts: one is the clamp part that clamps or fixes the skin, which is usually made of metal material; the other is the bracket part used to open and fix the clamp, which is usually made of metal or plastic. It should be noted that the use of retractors requires strict medical conditions and compliance with relevant specifications and standards; during use, attention should be paid to the cleaning and disinfection of the instrument to avoid cross infection and surgical complications.

[0003] There are various types of existing soft tissue retractors, such as utility model patent CN208988994U discloses a skin retractor, and CN216495433U discloses a skin fascia incision retractor. Studies have found that existing soft tissue retractors have many shortcomings during use, including: when selecting retractors of different sizes and shapes during preoperative preparation, it is necessary to find suitable specifications in the surgical instrument box, resulting in the need to prepare retractors of various specifications, wasting space; the opening size of the clamp part of some retractors cannot fully meet the actual situation, thereby wasting surgical time and increasing the risk of intraoperative infection, and the opening distance cannot be maintained after retracting the human tissue, and an assistant is required to manually maintain the opening distance, which is inconvenient to use during surgery. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a soft tissue retractor which occupies little space, can maintain the spreading distance and is convenient for use during surgery.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A soft tissue retractor comprises a pair of clamp arms hinged in the middle, the front ends of the pair of clamp arms are detachably connected to a spreading clamp body through a quick-connect interface, wherein:

[0007] The rear end of the expanded pliers body is provided with a plug-in column, the front end of the pair of pliers arms is provided with a plug-in hole matched with the plug-in column, and the front end of the pair of pliers arms is slidably connected to the plug-in hole with a sliding sleeve that can axially lock the plug-in column in the plug-in hole after operation;

[0008] The rear parts of the pair of forceps arms are provided with a locking structure for locking the relative positions of the pair of forceps arms after the soft tissue retractor is expanded.

[0009] Furthermore, a penetrating steel ball hole is provided on the inner side wall of the plug-in hole of one of the caliper arms, a steel ball groove is provided on the plug-in column at a position corresponding to the steel ball hole, a steel ball is provided in the steel ball hole, a steel ball is provided on the middle inner side of the sliding sleeve of the caliper arm, and a steel ball pushing portion for pushing the steel ball into the steel ball groove is provided, and a steel ball avoidance groove is provided on the front inner side of the sliding sleeve in front of the steel ball pushing portion.

[0010] Furthermore, a first annular boss is provided at the front end of one of the clamp arms behind the plug-in hole, and a first spring is sleeved at the front end of the clamp arm, one end of the first spring abuts against the front surface of the first annular boss, and the other end abuts against the rear surface of the steel ball pushing portion;

[0011] And / or, the front edge of the steel ball pushing portion is provided with a chamfered surface;

[0012] And / or, the plug-in column and the plug-in hole are both polygonal to achieve circumferential anti-rotation.

[0013] Furthermore, an axially extending slot is provided at the front end of one of the clamp arms on the side wall of the plug-in hole, and a positioning pin is provided on the inner side of the front part of the sliding sleeve of the clamp arm, and the end of the positioning pin extends into the slot.

[0014] Furthermore, an anti-slipping protrusion is provided on the inner side of the middle part of the sliding sleeve of the other clamp arm, and an L-shaped anti-slipping groove matching with the anti-slipping protrusion is provided on the side wall of the plug hole at the front end of the clamp arm, and the L-shaped anti-slipping groove includes a first sliding groove extending axially and a second sliding groove perpendicular to the first sliding groove;

[0015] A positioning protrusion is provided on the inner side of the front part of the sliding sleeve, and an L-shaped positioning groove matching with the positioning protrusion is provided in front of the plug-in column of the expansion clamp body, and the L-shaped positioning groove includes an axially extending inlet groove and a sliding groove perpendicular to the inlet groove.

[0016] Furthermore, the front end of the other pliers arm is provided with a second annular boss behind the plug-in hole, and the inner side of the middle part of the sliding sleeve of the pliers arm is provided with a third annular boss, and the anti-slip block is located on the third annular boss, and the front end sleeve of the pliers arm is provided with a second spring, one end of the second spring abuts against the front surface of the second annular boss, and the other end abuts against the rear surface of the third annular boss.

[0017] Furthermore, the anti-slipping protrusion is cylindrical;

[0018] And / or, the positioning protrusion is square;

[0019] And / or, the L-shaped anti-slip groove and the L-shaped positioning groove are staggered with each other in the circumferential direction.

[0020] Furthermore, among the pair of pliers arms, an inner side of the rear portion of one is provided with an arc-shaped rack extending toward the opposite pliers arm, and a slot is provided at the rear portion of the other one for the arc-shaped rack to pass through, a pawl capable of engaging with the arc-shaped rack is hinged in the slot behind the arc-shaped rack, the front portion of the pawl can engage with the arc-shaped rack, the rear portion of the pawl is hinged in the slot, an operating portion is provided on the outer side of the pawl, and the arc-shaped rack and the pawl together constitute the locking structure.

[0021] Furthermore, a spring sheet is provided on the inner side of the rear portion of the pliers arm having the slot at the slot, and the spring sheet abuts against the rear end of the pawl to keep the pawl and the arc-shaped rack in a constant meshing state.

[0022] Furthermore, the front end of the expanded clamp body is bent downward and outward;

[0023] And / or, the end of the expansion clamp body is spherical or a pair of cones with an angle;

[0024] And / or, the spreading pliers body comprises a small diameter section at the front and a large diameter section at the rear, and the plug-in column is provided at the rear end of the large diameter section.

[0025] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The soft tissue retractor of the present invention has a pair of forceps arms whose front ends are detachably connected to an expanding forceps body through a quick-connect interface, so that the expanding forceps body in the present invention is replaceable, and can be replaced with replacement parts of different sizes, shapes, angles and other specifications during surgery, which can meet the use of various surgical incisions, and the replacement parts can be placed in the instrument box to reduce the space occupied, which can greatly reduce the operation time and reduce the risk of infection during surgery; the rear parts of the pair of forceps arms are provided with a locking structure for locking the relative positions of the pair of forceps arms after the soft tissue retractor is expanded, so that the expanded distance can be maintained after the human tissue is retracted, and there is no need for an assistant to manually maintain the expanded distance, which is convenient for use during surgery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the soft tissue retractor of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the sliding sleeve on the right side of the middle, where (a) is a cross-sectional view before the quick-connect interface is locked, (b) is a cross-sectional view after the quick-connect interface is locked, and (c) is a stereoscopic view after the sliding sleeve, the first spring and the steel ball are omitted in (a);

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the sliding sleeve on the left side, where (a) is a stereoscopic view of the quick-connect interface before locking and omitting the sliding sleeve, (b) is a cross-sectional view of the quick-connect interface after locking, and (c) is a stereoscopic view after omitting the sliding sleeve and the second spring in (a);

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 (b) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sliding sleeve;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soft tissue retractor of the utility model before it is stretched;

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The enlarged structural schematic diagram of the rear end of the soft tissue retractor is shown, wherein (a) is a stereoscopic diagram, and (b) is a cross-sectional view of (a);

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soft tissue retractor of the utility model after being expanded;

[0034] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional view of the rear end of the soft tissue retractor is shown;

[0035] Fig. 9 It is another structural schematic diagram of the spreading forceps body in the soft tissue retractor of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the technical problems to be solved, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0038] The utility model provides a soft tissue retractor, such as Figure 1-9 As shown, it includes a pair of clamp arms 1, 2 which are hinged in the middle (specifically, they can be hinged by a movable pin 10), and the front ends of the pair of clamp arms 1, 2 are detachably connected to the open clamp bodies 3, 4 (or clamp heads) through a quick-connect interface, wherein:

[0039] The rear ends of the open clamp bodies 3 and 4 are provided with plug-in columns 31 and 41, and the front ends of the pair of clamp arms 1 and 2 are provided with plug-in holes 11 and 21 that match the plug-in columns 31 and 41. The front ends of the pair of clamp arms 1 and 2 are slidably connected at the plug-in holes 11 and 21 with sliding sleeves 5 and 6 that can axially lock the plug-in columns 31 and 41 in the plug-in holes 11 and 21 after operation. In this way, the plug-in holes 11 and 21 and the sliding sleeves 5 and 6 form the quick-connect interface;

[0040] A locking structure is provided at the rear of the pair of forceps arms 1 and 2 for locking the relative positions of the pair of forceps arms 1 and 2 after the soft tissue retractor is expanded.

[0041] In specific implementation, the plug-in columns 31, 41 and the plug-in holes 11, 21 can all be polygonal (specifically, they can be square, pentagonal, hexagonal, etc.) to achieve circumferential anti-rotation, preventing the pliers body from axially rotating relative to a pair of pliers arms, which can effectively avoid the problem of poor expansion effect caused by loose installation.

[0042] Before the operation, the instrument box containing the soft tissue retractor is sterilized, the size required for the operation is determined, and the replacement clamp parts (i.e., the expansion clamp bodies 3, 4) of other specifications that may be needed are prepared, and the plug-in columns 31, 41 of the expansion clamp bodies 3, 4 are respectively inserted into the plug-in holes 11, 21 of the pair of clamp arms 1, 2, and the plug-in columns 31, 41 are axially locked in the plug-in holes 11, 21 by using the sliding sleeves 5, 6, and the stability of the expansion clamp bodies 3, 4 and the pair of clamp arms 1, 2 is confirmed; during the operation, the skin, soft tissue, etc. are incised, the expansion clamp bodies 3, 4 of the soft tissue retractor are placed at the incision, and after the pair of clamp arms are operated to slowly expand the incision to a suitable position, the relative position of the pair of clamp arms 1, 2 is locked by using the locking structure (see Figure 7-8 ) and then lock the incision size, adjust it in real time according to the operation status to ensure that the doctor can continue the operation. After the operation is completed, slowly remove the skin spreader and clean the surface.

[0043] The soft tissue retractor of the present invention has a pair of forceps arms whose front ends are detachably connected to an expanding forceps body through a quick-connect interface, so that the expanding forceps body in the present invention is replaceable, and can be replaced with replacement parts of different sizes, shapes, angles and other specifications during surgery, which can meet the use of various surgical incisions, and the replacement parts can be placed in the instrument box to reduce the space occupied, which can greatly reduce the operation time and reduce the risk of infection during surgery; the rear parts of the pair of forceps arms are provided with a locking structure for locking the relative positions of the pair of forceps arms after the soft tissue retractor is expanded, so that the expanded distance can be maintained after the human tissue is retracted, and there is no need for an assistant to manually maintain the expanded distance, which is convenient for use during surgery.

[0044] The sliding sleeve can axially lock the plug-in column in the plug-in hole. Various methods that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art can be used. For ease of implementation, the following methods are preferably used:

[0045] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a through steel ball hole 12 may be provided on the inner side wall of the plug hole 11 of one of the forceps arms 1, a steel ball groove 32 (specifically, a hemispherical groove) is provided at a position corresponding to the steel ball hole 12 on the plug column 31, a steel ball 13 is provided in the steel ball hole 12, a steel ball pushing portion 51 for pushing the steel ball 13 into the steel ball groove 32 is provided on the inner side of the middle part of the sliding sleeve 5 of the forceps arm 1, and a steel ball avoiding groove 52 is provided in front of the steel ball pushing portion 51 on the inner side of the front part of the sliding sleeve 5, so that the plug column 31 can be quickly axially locked in the plug hole 11 after operating the sliding sleeve 5, thereby reducing the operation time. It is conceivable that the other forceps arm 2 can also adopt the same structural setting, which will not be repeated here.

[0046] Furthermore, a first annular boss 14 may be provided at the front end of one of the pliers arms 1 behind the plug-in hole 11, and a first spring 15 may be sleeved on the front end of the pliers arm 1, one end of the first spring 15 abuts against the front surface of the first annular boss 14, and the other end abuts against the rear surface of the steel ball pushing portion 51, so as to facilitate the resetting of the sliding sleeve 5 to achieve quick locking and unlocking.

[0047] At this time, the assembly process of the clamp arm 1 and the expanded clamp body 3 can be referred to as follows:

[0048] When unlocking is required, the sliding sleeve 5 is driven to slide backward, and the first spring 15 is compressed by force, so that the steel ball avoidance groove 52 of the sliding sleeve 5 slides to the steel ball hole 12, and the steel ball 13 can shrink and return to the steel ball avoidance groove 52 without protruding from the inner wall of the plug-in hole 11, so that the plug-in column 31 of the stretched pliers body 3 can be smoothly inserted / pulled out; when locking is required, the sliding sleeve 5 is released, and the first spring 15 is relaxed. Under the action of the elastic force of the first spring 15, the sliding sleeve 5 slides forward, so that the steel ball pushing part 51 of the sliding sleeve 5 slides to the steel ball hole 12, and the steel ball 13 is squeezed by the steel ball pushing part 51 to protrude from the inner wall of the plug-in hole 11 and is inserted into the steel ball groove 32 of the plug-in column 31 of the stretched pliers body 3, so as to axially lock the plug-in column 31 in the plug-in hole 11, and finally achieve locking.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown in (a), the front edge of the steel ball pushing portion 51 may be provided with a chamfered surface 511 to facilitate the steel ball pushing portion 51 to squeeze and push the steel ball 13. Figure 2 As shown in (c), the front end of one of the pliers arms 1 may be provided with an axially extending slot 16 on the side wall of the plug-in hole 11, and a positioning pin (not shown) is provided on the front inner side of the sliding sleeve 5 of the pliers arm 1, and the end of the positioning pin extends into the slot 16 to achieve axial limiting of the sliding sleeve 5 to prevent the sliding sleeve 5 from falling out during the forward and backward sliding process.

[0050] like Figure 1 and Figure 3-4As shown, the inner middle part of the sliding sleeve 6 of the other clamp arm 2 may be provided with an anti-slipping protrusion 61, and the front end of the clamp arm 2 is provided with an L-shaped anti-slipping groove matched with the anti-slipping protrusion 61 on the side wall of the plug hole 21, and the L-shaped anti-slipping groove includes an axially extending first slide groove 22 and a second slide groove 23 perpendicular to the first slide groove 22;

[0051] The front inner side of the sliding sleeve 6 is provided with a positioning protrusion 62, and the front of the plug-in column 41 of the open clamp body 4 is provided with an L-shaped positioning groove matched with the positioning protrusion 62, and the L-shaped positioning groove includes an axially extending inlet groove 42 and a sliding groove 43 perpendicular to the inlet groove 42, so that the plug-in column 41 can be quickly axially locked in the plug-in hole 21 after the sliding sleeve 6 is operated, thereby reducing the operation time. It is conceivable that the other clamp arm 1 can also adopt the same structural setting, which will not be repeated here.

[0052] Furthermore, the front end of the other clamp arm 2 can be provided with a second annular boss 24 behind the plug-in hole 21, and the middle inner side of the sliding sleeve 6 of the clamp arm 2 is provided with a third annular boss 63, and the anti-slip protrusion 61 is located on the third annular boss 63. The front end sleeve of the clamp arm 2 is provided with a second spring 25, one end of the second spring 25 abuts against the front surface of the second annular boss 24, and the other end abuts against the rear surface of the third annular boss 63, so as to facilitate the resetting of the sliding sleeve 6 to achieve quick locking and unlocking.

[0053] At this time, the assembly process of the clamp arm 2 and the expanded clamp body 4 can be referred to as follows:

[0054] When unlocking is required, the sliding sleeve 6 is driven to rotate counterclockwise and slide backward, and the anti-slip protrusion 61 of the sliding sleeve 6 slides in the L-shaped anti-slip groove of the clamp arm 2, and slides from the second sliding groove 23 to the first sliding groove 22, and the positioning protrusion 62 of the sliding sleeve 6 slides in the L-shaped positioning groove of the open clamp body 4, and slides from the sliding groove 43 to the inlet groove 42, and the second spring 25 is compressed by force, so that the plug-in column 41 of the open clamp body 4 can be smoothly inserted / pulled out; when locking is required, the sliding sleeve 6 is released, the second spring 25 is relaxed, and under the action of the elastic force of the second spring 25, the sliding sleeve 6 slides forward, and then the sliding sleeve 6 is rotated clockwise, the anti-slip protrusion 61 slides from the first sliding groove 22 to the second sliding groove 23, and the positioning protrusion 62 slides from the inlet groove 42 to the sliding groove 43, so as to axially lock the plug-in column 41 in the plug-in hole 21, and finally achieve locking.

[0055] The anti-slipping protrusion 61 may be cylindrical (specifically, it may be realized by a pin). The positioning protrusion 62 may be square. The L-shaped anti-slipping groove and the L-shaped positioning groove are preferably staggered with each other in the circumferential direction to avoid unnecessary interference between the anti-slipping protrusion 61 and the positioning protrusion 62.

[0056] The locking structure can adopt various structural forms that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art, for example, in a pair of pliers, the rear end of one is hinged with a rack, and the rear end of the other is provided with a positioning tooth meshing with the rack; however, for the convenience of implementation, the present utility model preferably adopts the following structural form:

[0057] like Figure 1 and Figure 5-8 As shown, in a pair of pliers arms 1, 2, an arcuate rack 26 extending toward the opposite pliers arm may be provided on the inner side of the rear portion of one, and a slot 17 for the arcuate rack 26 to pass through is provided on the rear portion of the other, a pawl 18 capable of engaging with the arcuate rack 26 is hingedly connected in the slot 17 behind the arcuate rack 26, the front portion of the pawl 18 can engage with the arcuate rack 26, the rear portion of the pawl 18 is hinged in the slot 17, an operating portion 181 is provided on the outer side of the pawl 18, and the arcuate rack 26 and the pawl 18 together constitute a locking structure.

[0058] At this time, pushing the operating part 181 forward causes the front part of the pawl 18 to engage with the arc-shaped rack 26, thereby locking the relative position of the pair of pliers arms 1 and 2; pressing the operating part 181 backward causes the front part of the pawl 18 to separate from the arc-shaped rack 26, thereby unlocking the relative position of the pair of pliers arms 1 and 2.

[0059] Furthermore, a spring sheet 19 may be provided on the inner side of the rear portion of the pliers arm 1 having the slot 17 at the slot 17. The spring sheet 19 abuts against the rear end of the pawl 18 so that the pawl 18 and the arc-shaped rack 26 are always in meshing state, which facilitates the self-locking function and quick locking and unlocking. In the figure, the reference numeral 191 is a bolt for fixing the spring sheet 19. When unlocking is required, the operating portion 181 is pressed, the spring sheet 19 is bent by force, and the front portion of the pawl 18 is separated from the arc-shaped rack 26, so that the relative position of the pair of pliers arms 1 and 2 can be unlocked to realize the spreading function (see Figure 5-6 ); when locking is required, release the operating portion 181, the spring 19 is reset, and under the elastic force of the spring 19, the front portion of the pawl 18 is re-engaged with the arc-shaped rack 26, so that the relative position of the pair of clamp arms 1 and 2 can be locked, realizing the locking function after opening (see Figure 7-8 ).

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, the front ends of the forceps bodies 3 and 4 can be bent downward and outward to facilitate hooking the surgical incision and use during the operation. Figure 1 and Fig. 9As shown, the ends of the opening forceps bodies 3 and 4 can be spherical or a pair of cones with an angle (the angle can be flexibly designed according to needs, and can be 20-45 degrees, such as 25 degrees, 30 degrees, 35 degrees, etc.), so that the opening forceps bodies with different structures can be replaced according to the needs during the operation to meet the use of various surgical incisions. The opening forceps bodies 3 and 4 can include a small diameter section located at the front and a large diameter section located at the rear, and the rear end of the large diameter section is provided with a plug-in column 31, 41, so that the mechanical properties are good, and the small diameter section is convenient for inserting into the surgical incision.

[0061] The utility model belongs to a medical auxiliary device, specifically relates to a soft tissue retractor for stretching skin, soft tissue, etc. during surgery. Its main function is to separate and stretch skin, soft tissue, etc. during surgery so that doctors can perform subsequent surgical operations. Its stretching clamp body can be replaced with replacement parts of different specifications such as different angles, shapes, and sizes. Only replacement clamps (i.e., stretching clamp bodies) need to be prepared in the surgical box, which saves space. The spherical clamp can move the soft tissue up and down after stretching, and the angled pyramid clamp can limit the soft tissue so that it cannot move up and down, which can meet the requirements of stretching size and size in actual surgery, and can also broaden the doctor's intraoperative field of vision and increase the surgical operation space. In the embodiment shown in the figure, the clamp part adopts two quick-connect interface structures, which can effectively avoid the problem of poor stretching effect caused by loose installation. In addition, the support part of the retractor in the utility model (i.e., the rear part of a pair of forceps arms) is also designed with an arc-shaped rack and a ratchet to ensure that the distraction distance can be fixed during surgery. The ratchet provides a self-locking function through a spring sheet, and can automatically spring open when the soft tissue retractor is distracted, and provides a self-locking function when closed, thereby providing a distraction fixation effect.

[0062] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soft tissue retractor, characterized in that: It comprises a pair of clamp arms hinged in the middle, and the front ends of the pair of clamp arms are detachably connected to the open clamp body through a quick-connect interface, wherein: The rear end of the expanded pliers body is provided with a plug-in column, the front end of the pair of pliers arms is provided with a plug-in hole matched with the plug-in column, and the front end of the pair of pliers arms is slidably connected to the plug-in hole with a sliding sleeve that can axially lock the plug-in column in the plug-in hole after operation; The rear parts of the pair of forceps arms are provided with a locking structure for locking the relative positions of the pair of forceps arms after the soft tissue retractor is expanded.

2. The soft tissue retractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A penetrating steel ball hole is provided on the inner side wall of the plug-in hole of one of the caliper arms, a steel ball groove is provided at a position corresponding to the steel ball hole on the plug-in column, a steel ball is provided in the steel ball hole, a steel ball is provided on the middle inner side of the sliding sleeve of the caliper arm, and a steel ball pushing portion for pushing the steel ball into the steel ball groove is provided, and a steel ball avoidance groove is provided in front of the steel ball pushing portion on the front inner side of the sliding sleeve.

3. The soft tissue retractor according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first annular boss is provided at the front end of one of the clamp arms behind the plug-in hole, and a first spring is sleeved at the front end of the clamp arm, one end of the first spring abuts against the front surface of the first annular boss, and the other end abuts against the rear surface of the steel ball pushing portion; And / or, the front edge of the steel ball pushing portion is provided with a chamfered surface; And / or, the plug-in column and the plug-in hole are both polygonal to achieve circumferential anti-rotation.

4. The soft tissue retractor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The front end of one of the clamp arms is provided with an axially extending slot on the side wall of the plug hole, and the inner side of the front part of the sliding sleeve of the clamp arm is provided with a positioning pin, and the end of the positioning pin extends into the slot.

5. The soft tissue retractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the middle part of the sliding sleeve of the other clamp arm is provided with an anti-slipping protrusion, and the front end of the clamp arm is provided with an L-shaped anti-slipping groove matched with the anti-slipping protrusion on the side wall of the plug hole, and the L-shaped anti-slipping groove includes a first sliding groove extending axially and a second sliding groove perpendicular to the first sliding groove; A positioning protrusion is provided on the inner side of the front part of the sliding sleeve, and an L-shaped positioning groove matching with the positioning protrusion is provided in front of the plug-in column of the expansion clamp body, and the L-shaped positioning groove includes an axially extending inlet groove and a sliding groove perpendicular to the inlet groove.

6. The soft tissue retractor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The front end of the other pliers arm is provided with a second annular boss behind the plug-in hole, and the inner side of the middle part of the sliding sleeve of the pliers arm is provided with a third annular boss. The anti-slip block is located on the third annular boss, and the front end sleeve of the pliers arm is provided with a second spring, one end of the second spring abuts against the front surface of the second annular boss, and the other end abuts against the rear surface of the third annular boss.

7. The soft tissue retractor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The anti-slipping protrusion is cylindrical; And / or, the positioning protrusion is square; And / or, the L-shaped anti-slip groove and the L-shaped positioning groove are staggered with each other in the circumferential direction.

8. The soft tissue retractor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Among the pair of pliers arms, an arc-shaped rack extending toward the opposite pliers arm is provided on the inner side of the rear portion of one, and a slot for the arc-shaped rack to pass through is provided on the rear portion of the other, a pawl capable of engaging with the arc-shaped rack is hinged in the slot behind the arc-shaped rack, the front portion of the pawl can engage with the arc-shaped rack, the rear portion of the pawl is hinged in the slot, an operating portion is provided on the outer side of the pawl, and the arc-shaped rack and the pawl together constitute the locking structure.

9. The soft tissue retractor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner side of the rear part of the clamp arm with the slot is provided with an elastic sheet at the slot, and the elastic sheet abuts against the rear end of the pawl to keep the pawl and the arc-shaped rack in a constant meshing state.

10. The soft tissue retractor according to claim 9, characterized in that: The front end of the expanded clamp body is bent downward and outward; And / or, the end of the expansion clamp body is spherical or a pair of cones with an angle; And / or, the spreading pliers body comprises a small diameter section at the front and a large diameter section at the rear, and the plug-in column is provided at the rear end of the large diameter section.

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