Accurate positioning clamp and machine tool

Abstract

The utility model provides an accurate positioning clamp and a machine tool, the accurate positioning clamp comprises a guide block, an elastic abutting assembly and a positioning reference block, the guide block is used for being installed on a machine tool main body; the elastic abutting assembly is in sliding connection with the guide block, can stretch out and draw back relative to the guide block and is used for elastically abutting against one end of the workpiece; the positioning reference block is used for being arranged on a cutter position of the machine tool body, is opposite to the elastic abutting assembly and is used for positioning the other end of the installation workpiece. The positioning reference block is arranged on the cutter position, the positioning surface on the positioning reference block can refer to the high-precision reference surface of the cutter position, and meanwhile, the positioning surface can be consistent with the measuring reference of a product, so that the positioning precision of mounting a workpiece by adopting the positioning surface of the positioning reference block is relatively high, and the high-precision machining requirement can be met. And moreover, the elastic abutting assembly elastically abuts against the workpiece, and the risk of rigid collision and the risk of machine collision are reduced when the workpiece is clamped.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, in particular to a precise positioning fixture and a machine tool. Background Art

[0002] A fixture refers to a device used to fix workpieces during the mechanical manufacturing process and is widely used on machine tools.

[0003] In the related art, a step-type positioning method is usually used to fix the workpiece, and its main principle is to achieve positioning through the step between the workpiece and the fixture. This method has poor positioning accuracy and is difficult to meet high-precision processing requirements. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the utility model proposes a precise positioning fixture and a machine tool, which have high positioning accuracy and can meet high-precision processing requirements.

[0005] In the first aspect, the embodiment of the utility model provides a precise positioning fixture, which includes a guide block, an elastic supporting assembly and a positioning reference block, wherein the guide block is used to be installed on a machine tool body; the elastic supporting assembly is slidably connected to the guide block, the elastic supporting assembly can be extended and retracted relative to the guide block, and the elastic supporting assembly is used to elastically support one end of a workpiece; the positioning reference block is used to be arranged on the tool position of the machine tool body and is opposite to the elastic supporting assembly, and the positioning reference block is used to position and install the other end of the workpiece.

[0006] The precise positioning fixture provided by the first embodiment of the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0007] By setting the positioning reference block on the tool position, the positioning surface on the positioning reference block can refer to the high-precision reference surface of the tool position. At the same time, the positioning surface can also be consistent with the product measurement reference. Therefore, the positioning accuracy of the workpiece installed using the positioning surface of the positioning reference block is high and can meet the requirements of high-precision processing. In addition, the elastic support component elastically supports the workpiece, reducing the risk of hard collision when clamping the workpiece and the risk of collision with the machine.

[0008] In an example of this implementation, the guide block is provided with a guide hole, and the elastic supporting component is slidably matched with the guide hole to be extended and retracted relative to the guide block.

[0009] In an embodiment of this implementation mode, the elastic supporting assembly includes an elastic member and a push rod, the elastic member is installed in the guide hole, one end of the push rod is slidably engaged with the guide hole and is connected to the elastic member, and the other end of the push rod extends out of the guide hole and is used to elastically support the workpiece.

[0010] In an embodiment of this implementation, the precise positioning fixture includes an elastic clamping sleeve, which is arranged on the outer periphery of the guide block, and the elastic clamping sleeve is provided with an assembly hole. One end of the push rod facing away from the elastic member extends into the assembly hole, and the elastic clamping sleeve is used to elastically clamp the workpiece through the inner wall of the assembly hole.

[0011] In an example of this implementation manner, the elastic clamping sleeve is threadedly connected to the guide block to adjust the depth of the push rod in the assembly hole.

[0012] In an example of this implementation manner, the precise positioning fixture includes a locking member, and the locking member connects the elastic clamping sleeve and the guide block to limit the relative position of the elastic clamping sleeve and the guide block.

[0013] In an example of this implementation manner, a deformation groove is provided on the outer periphery of the elastic clamping sleeve.

[0014] In an embodiment of this implementation, the precise positioning fixture includes an adjusting member, which is at least partially disposed in the guide hole and connected to a side of the elastic member facing away from the push rod, and the adjusting member is used to adjust the degree of compression of the elastic member.

[0015] In an example of this implementation, the adjusting member is provided with an external thread, the guide hole is provided with an internal thread, the external thread and the internal thread cooperate, and the adjusting member can rotate relative to the guide block to adjust the depth of the adjusting member in the guide hole.

[0016] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides a machine tool, which includes a machine tool body and the precise positioning fixture described in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect of the utility model, wherein the guide block of the precise positioning fixture is installed on the machine tool body, and the positioning reference block of the precise positioning fixture is arranged on the tool position of the machine tool body and is opposite to the elastic supporting component of the precise positioning fixture.

[0017] The machine tool provided by the second embodiment of the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0018] By adding the precise positioning fixture provided by the embodiment of the utility model to the machine tool, the positioning accuracy of the machine tool for the workpiece is relatively high and can meet the requirements of high-precision processing.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the following description, or will be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the precise positioning fixture provided by the embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the positioning reference block;

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a guide block in FIG.

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of an elastic clamping sleeve;

[0025] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjusting part.

[0026] Reference numerals:

[0027] Precision positioning fixture 100; workpiece 200; guide block 10; guide hole 101; internal thread 1011; elastic abutment assembly 20; elastic member 21; push rod 22; positioning reference block 30; positioning groove 301; bottom wall 3011; elastic clamping sleeve 40; assembly hole 401; mounting hole 402; deformation groove 403; locking hole 404; locking member 50; adjustment member 60; external thread 61; adjustment hole 601; limiting screw 70. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientation, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present utility model, "several" means more than one, "many" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed" etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood to include the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used to distinguish the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0032] In the description of the utility model, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0033] In the related art, a step-type positioning method is used for processing, in which positioning is performed through the step surface of the inner hole of the fixture, resulting in poor positioning accuracy. Moreover, the existing fixture is prone to hard collision when clamping the workpiece, and the workpiece is easily damaged. In addition, the existing fixture is prone to collision when clamping the workpiece for processing, resulting in damage to the workpiece.

[0034] The present invention provides a precise positioning fixture 100, which is used to install a workpiece 200 for machining such as turning, grinding, and drilling. The workpiece 200 may be a metal sheet on a European plug. Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a precise positioning fixture 100 provided in an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 2 yes Figure 1Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the positioning reference block 30 in the figure. The precise positioning fixture 100 includes a guide block 10, an elastic supporting assembly 20 and a positioning reference block 30. The guide block 10 is used to be installed on a machine tool body (not shown), and the elastic supporting assembly 20 is slidably connected to the guide block 10. The elastic supporting assembly 20 can be extended and retracted relative to the guide block 10, and the elastic supporting assembly 20 is used to elastically support one end of the workpiece 200. The positioning reference block 30 is used to be set on the tool position of the machine tool body, and is opposite to the elastic supporting assembly 20, and the positioning reference block 30 is used to position and install the other end of the workpiece 200.

[0035] Specifically, the guide block 10 can be installed on the machine tool body through other components connected to the guide block 10, or the guide block 10 itself can be directly installed on the machine tool body. The utility model does not specifically limit the installation method and connection method of the guide hole 101 to the machine tool body. The elastic abutment component 20 and the guide block 10 can be slidably connected in various ways such as by matching a slide rail and a slide groove to achieve the elastic abutment component 20 can be retracted relative to the guide block 10. The positioning reference block 30 can be set on a tool holder, tool seat or other structure on the tool position. The utility model does not specifically limit the installation method of the positioning reference block 30 on the tool position of the machine tool body. In this embodiment, the positioning reference block 30 is provided with a positioning groove 301, and the bottom wall 3011 of the positioning groove 301 serves as a positioning surface to fit the end face of the workpiece 200 facing away from the elastic supporting component 20. The elastic supporting component 20 elastically supports the end face of the workpiece 200 facing away from the positioning reference block 30, thereby installing and fixing the two opposite end faces of the workpiece 200 to facilitate processing of the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece 200.

[0036] By setting the positioning reference block 30 on the tool position, the positioning surface on the positioning reference block 30 can refer to the high-precision reference surface of the tool position, and at the same time, the positioning surface can also be consistent with the product measurement reference, so the positioning accuracy of the workpiece 200 installed using the positioning surface of the positioning reference block 30 is high, which can meet the high-precision processing requirements. In addition, the elastic support component 20 elastically supports the workpiece 200, reducing the risk of hard collision when clamping the workpiece 200 and the risk of collision with the machine.

[0037] In one embodiment of this implementation, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , Figure 3 yes Figure 1The cross-sectional structure diagram of the guide block 10 in the figure. The guide block 10 is provided with a guide hole 101, and the elastic abutment component 20 is slidably matched with the guide hole 101 to be extended and retracted relative to the guide block 10. Specifically, the axial direction of the guide hole 101 is the same as the extension direction of the elastic abutment component 20, so that the elastic abutment component 20 can be extended and retracted along the axial direction of the guide hole 101 relative to the guide block 10. By providing the guide hole 101 on the guide block 10, the elastic abutment component 20 is slidably matched with the guide hole 101 to realize the sliding connection between the elastic abutment component 20 and the guide hole 101, and the structure is relatively simple.

[0038] In one embodiment of this implementation, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The elastic supporting assembly 20 includes an elastic member 21 and a push rod 22, and the elastic member 21 is installed in the guide hole 101. One end of the push rod 22 is slidably matched with the guide hole 101 and is connected to the elastic member 21. The other end of the push rod 22 extends out of the guide hole 101 and is used to elastically support the workpiece 200. Specifically, the elastic deformation direction of the elastic member 21 is the same as the axial direction of the guide hole 101. The material of the elastic member 21 is preferably 65Mn, and the elastic member 21 has a suitable stiffness. It can be understood that the elastic member 21 can provide the push rod 22 with an elastic force that can elastically support the workpiece 200. With such a configuration, the structure is relatively simple and elastic support can be achieved.

[0039] In one embodiment of this implementation, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the elastic clamping sleeve 40. The precise positioning fixture 100 includes an elastic clamping sleeve 40, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide block 10. The elastic clamping sleeve 40 is provided with an assembly hole 401, and one end of the push rod 22 facing away from the elastic member 21 extends into the assembly hole 401, and the elastic clamping sleeve 40 is used to elastically clamp the workpiece 200 through the inner wall of the assembly hole 401. Specifically, the elastic clamping sleeve 40 is also provided with a mounting hole 402, and the mounting hole 402 is coaxially arranged with the assembly hole 401, and the two are connected. The guide block 10 is installed in the mounting hole 402. It can be understood that the elastic clamping sleeve 40 is made of an elastic material. Preferably, the elastic clamping sleeve 40 is made of 65Mn to have a suitable rigidity. It can be understood that the end surface of the push rod 22 facing away from the elastic member 21 and the inner wall of the assembly hole 401 can jointly elastically clamp the end of the workpiece 200 facing away from the positioning reference block 30, wherein the push rod 22 elastically abuts against the end surface of the workpiece 200, and can cooperate with the positioning reference block 30 to position and install the workpiece 200, and the elastic clamping sleeve 40 elastically abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece 200 through the inner wall of the assembly hole 401, and can limit the workpiece 200 from detaching from the push rod 22.

[0040] In this embodiment, the rigidity of the guide block 10 is greater than the rigidity of the elastic clamping sleeve 40, so that the guide block 10 can more accurately guide the elastic abutting assembly 20. Specifically, the guide block 10 is made of Cr12, the elastic clamping sleeve 40 is made of 65Mn, the elastic clamping sleeve 40 has a suitable rigidity to elastically abut the workpiece 200, and the guide block 10 has a suitable rigidity to guide the elastic abutting assembly 20.

[0041] In one embodiment of this implementation, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , the elastic clamping sleeve 40 is threadedly connected to the guide block 10 to adjust the depth of the push rod 22 in the assembly hole 401. Specifically, the guide block 10 is threadedly matched with the inner wall of the mounting hole 402. It is understandable that the guide block 10 can rotate relative to the elastic clamping sleeve 40 to drive the push rod 22 to move relative to the elastic clamping sleeve 40, thereby adjusting the depth of the push rod 22 in the assembly hole 401. This arrangement makes it possible to clamp workpieces 200 of different sizes through the precise positioning fixture 100. In addition, the elastic clamping sleeve 40 and the guide block 10 can also be installed by threaded connection, which is less difficult to install.

[0042] In one embodiment of this implementation, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , the precise positioning fixture 100 includes a locking member 50. The locking member 50 connects the elastic clamping sleeve 40 and the guide block 10 to limit the relative position of the elastic clamping sleeve 40 and the guide block 10. Specifically, a locking hole 404 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the elastic clamping sleeve 40, and the locking hole 404 extends along the radial direction of the elastic clamping sleeve 40 and is connected to the mounting hole 402. The locking member 50 is arranged in the locking hole 404 and is threadedly connected to the locking hole 404. The locking member 50 can move relative to the elastic clamping sleeve 40 by rotating, so that the locking member 50 extends into the mounting hole 402 and is engaged with the guide block 10 to limit the relative position of the elastic clamping sleeve 40 and the guide block 10, or the locking member 50 leaves the mounting hole 402 and has no contact with the guide block 10, so that the relative position of the elastic clamping sleeve 40 and the guide block 10 can be adjusted. It is understandable that the elastic clamping sleeve 40 and the guide block 10 are threadedly connected, and the elastic clamping sleeve 40 and the guide block 10 may become loose. By arranging a locking member 50 to connect the elastic clamping sleeve 40 and the guide block 10, loosening of the two can be avoided.

[0043] In one embodiment of this implementation, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 The outer circumference of the elastic clamping sleeve 40 is provided with a deformation groove 403. By providing the deformation groove 403 on the outer circumference of the elastic clamping sleeve 40, the elastic clamping sleeve 40 can be deformed more easily to help elastically clamp the workpiece 200.

[0044] In this embodiment, the number of the deformation grooves 403 is 4, and the 4 deformation grooves 403 are arranged in an array along the circumference of the elastic clamping sleeve 40. The deformation groove 403 extends from the middle position of the outer circumference of the elastic clamping sleeve 40 to the end surface facing the positioning reference block 30. The deformation groove 403 is a through groove, and the deformation groove 403 is connected with the mounting hole 402 and the assembly hole 401. In this way, the clamping force on the workpiece 200 is evenly distributed along the circumference, and the elastic clamping sleeve 40 can better elastically clamp the workpiece 200.

[0045] In one embodiment of this implementation, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 The precise positioning fixture 100 includes an adjusting member 60 , which is at least partially disposed in the guide hole 101 and connected to a side of the elastic member 21 facing away from the push rod 22 . The adjusting member 60 is used to adjust the compression degree of the elastic member 21 .

[0046] In one embodiment of this implementation, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 , Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjusting member 60. The adjusting member 60 is provided with an external thread 61, and the guide hole 101 is provided with an internal thread 1011. The external thread 61 and the internal thread 1011 cooperate, and the adjusting member 60 can rotate relative to the guide block 10 to adjust the depth of the adjusting member 60 in the guide hole 101. In this way, the depth of the adjusting member 60 in the guide hole 101 can be adjusted, so as to adjust the compression degree of the elastic member 21.

[0047] In this embodiment, an adjusting hole 601 is formed on the surface of the adjusting member 60 facing away from the elastic member 21 , and the adjusting hole 601 is used for a screwdriver to be inserted into and drive the adjusting member 60 to rotate.

[0048] In this embodiment, the precise positioning fixture 100 includes a limiting screw 70, which is threadedly connected to the guide hole 101, and is located on the side of the adjusting member 60 facing away from the elastic member 21, and abuts against the adjusting member 60. The limiting screw 70 can limit the loosening of the adjusting member 60 and the guide block 10.

[0049] See also Figure 1The embodiment of the utility model further provides a machine tool, which includes a machine tool body (not shown) and a precise positioning fixture 100 provided by the embodiment of the utility model, wherein the guide block 10 of the precise positioning fixture 100 is mounted on the machine tool body, and the positioning reference block 30 of the precise positioning fixture 100 is arranged on the tool position of the machine tool body and is opposite to the elastic supporting assembly 20 of the precise positioning fixture 100. Specifically, the machine tool can be a lathe, a milling machine, a compound turning and milling machine and other types of mechanical processing equipment. By adding the precise positioning fixture 100 provided by the utility model to the machine tool, the machine tool has a higher positioning accuracy, and can reduce the risk of hard collision of the workpiece 200, and reduce the risk of collision.

[0050] The embodiments of the utility model are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge of ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the utility model. In addition, the embodiments of the utility model and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

Claims

1. A precision positioning fixture, characterized in that: include: A guide block, used for mounting on the machine tool body; An elastic abutment component is slidably connected to the guide block, the elastic abutment component can be extended and retracted relative to the guide block, and the elastic abutment component is used to elastically abut against one end of the workpiece; A positioning reference block is used to be arranged on the tool position of the machine tool body and is opposite to the elastic abutment component. The positioning reference block is used to position and install the other end of the workpiece.

2. The precise positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide block is provided with a guide hole, and the elastic supporting component is slidably matched with the guide hole to be telescopic relative to the guide block.

3. The precise positioning fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic supporting assembly includes an elastic member and a push rod, wherein the elastic member is installed in the guide hole, one end of the push rod is slidably matched with the guide hole and connected to the elastic member, and the other end of the push rod extends out of the guide hole and is used for elastically supporting the workpiece.

4. The precise positioning fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that: The precise positioning fixture comprises an elastic clamping sleeve, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide block. The elastic clamping sleeve is provided with an assembly hole. One end of the push rod facing away from the elastic member extends into the assembly hole. The elastic clamping sleeve is used to elastically clamp the workpiece through the inner wall of the assembly hole.

5. The precise positioning fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic clamping sleeve is threadedly connected to the guide block to adjust the depth of the push rod in the assembly hole.

6. The precise positioning fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The precise positioning fixture comprises a locking member, and the locking member connects the elastic clamping sleeve and the guide block to limit the relative position of the elastic clamping sleeve and the guide block.

7. The precise positioning fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the elastic clamping sleeve is provided with a deformation groove.

8. The precise positioning fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that: The precise positioning fixture comprises an adjusting member, which is at least partially disposed in the guide hole and connected to a side of the elastic member facing away from the ejector rod, and is used to adjust the degree of compression of the elastic member.

9. The precise positioning fixture according to claim 8, characterized in that: The adjusting member is provided with an external thread, and the guide hole is provided with an internal thread. The external thread and the internal thread cooperate with each other, and the adjusting member can rotate relative to the guide block to adjust the depth of the adjusting member in the guide hole.

10. A machine tool, characterized in that: It comprises a machine tool body and a precise positioning fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the guide block of the precise positioning fixture is mounted on the machine tool body, and the positioning reference block of the precise positioning fixture is arranged on the tool position of the machine tool body and is opposite to the elastic supporting component of the precise positioning fixture.

Images