Outdoor heat exchanger and electric automobile

Abstract

The utility model provides an outdoor heat exchanger and an electric automobile, and belongs to the technical field of heat exchanger structures. According to the electric automobile, through the design that the first flow channel is composed of the multiple longitudinally-arranged evaporation flat pipes, in the working process that the first flow channel participates in refrigeration, the surfaces of the evaporation flat pipes are frosted, water can be generated when the evaporation flat pipes are defrosted, the water can smoothly fall off from the surfaces of the evaporation flat pipes due to the gravity of the water, and compared with transversely-arranged evaporation flat pipes, the water content is reduced; and defrosting of the surface of the evaporation flat pipe is facilitated. The outdoor heat exchanger comprises a heat exchanger body. The heat exchanger body comprises a first flow channel and a second flow channel. A drainage device is mounted between the first flow channel and the second flow channel; the first flow channel communicates with an evaporator outlet, and the second flow channel communicates with a condenser outlet; a heat exchanger (equivalent to an outdoor evaporator) is used for refrigeration, and a liquid refrigerant is gasified in a first flow channel and flows out from an outlet of the evaporator; the heat exchanger (equivalent to an outdoor condenser) dissipates heat, the drainage device introduces the gaseous refrigerant in the first flow channel into the second flow channel to be liquefied, and the liquefied gaseous refrigerant flows out of an outlet of the condenser.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of heat exchanger structures, in particular to an outdoor heat exchanger and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Outdoor heat exchanger is a device that can transfer low-temperature heat to high-temperature places using electrical energy. The core of the device includes compressor, evaporator, condenser and expansion valve. The compressor is responsible for compressing low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas into high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and then these gases release heat and condense into liquid in the condenser. Then, the liquid refrigerant enters the evaporator through the expansion valve, expands rapidly and absorbs the surrounding heat, and finally returns to the compressor again to complete a cycle.

[0003] If an outdoor heat exchanger is installed in an electric car, then through the above cycle, the outdoor heat exchanger can transfer the heat in the low-temperature air outside the car to the inside of the car to provide heating for the car. Compared with the PTC heater, the outdoor heat exchanger has a higher energy utilization rate and can reduce energy consumption by up to 60%, and bring a maximum increase of about 25% in winter cruising range. The outdoor heat exchanger is an effective solution to the problem that the cruising range of electric vehicles is severely reduced after turning on the air conditioner in winter, so it has been widely used in the field of electric vehicles.

[0004] The existing outdoor heat exchangers of electric vehicles all have three cores. The indoor refrigeration evaporator core and the indoor condenser are arranged in the evaporator box, and the outdoor heat exchanger is arranged at the front air intake grille, which has high requirements on the space design of electric vehicles, the installation process is complicated, and the production cost is also high; at the same time, the flow channels of the evaporator and condenser of the existing outdoor heat exchanger are arranged horizontally, which is not conducive to defrosting work during low-temperature heating. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present utility model is to provide an outdoor heat exchanger and an electric vehicle, which are used to solve the problems in the prior art that the outdoor heat exchanger has high requirements on the space design of the electric vehicle and the flow channel of the condenser is arranged horizontally, which is not conducive to defrosting.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, the utility model provides an outdoor heat exchanger, including a heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger includes a first flow channel and a second flow channel; a drainage device is installed between the first flow channel and the second flow channel; the first flow channel is connected to an evaporator outlet, and the second flow channel is connected to a condenser outlet; the heat exchanger cools, and the liquid refrigerant is vaporized in the first flow channel and flows out from the evaporator outlet; the heat exchanger dissipates heat, and the drainage device introduces the gaseous refrigerant in the first flow channel into the second flow channel for liquefaction, and flows out from the condenser outlet.

[0007] Optionally, the drainage device includes a stop valve and a drainage tube; the first flow channel and the second flow channel are connected through the drainage tube, and the stop valve is provided on the drainage tube.

[0008] Optionally, the drainage device further includes a liquid storage drying cylinder; the liquid storage drying cylinder and the first flow channel are connected via a drainage pipe, and the drying cylinder and the second flow channel are connected.

[0009] Optionally, the second flow channel is composed of a plurality of longitudinally arranged condensation flat tubes.

[0010] Optionally, the first flow channel is composed of a plurality of longitudinally arranged evaporation flat tubes; the upper ends of the evaporation flat tubes and the upper ends of the condensation flat tubes are both connected to the first collecting pipe; the lower ends of the evaporation flat tubes and the lower ends of the condensation flat tubes are both connected to the second collecting pipe.

[0011] Optionally, an inlet is provided at one end of the first collecting pipe; a condenser outlet is provided at the other end of the first collecting pipe, and the condenser outlet is connected with the second flow channel through the first collecting pipe.

[0012] Optionally, the evaporator outlet is arranged on the second header, and the evaporator outlet is connected to the first flow channel through the second header; the multiple evaporation flat tubes are divided into three groups, each forming an evaporation flow channel one, an evaporation flow channel two and an evaporation flow channel three.

[0013] Optionally, the heat exchanger performs refrigeration, and liquid refrigerant enters the evaporating flat tubes from the inlet, is vaporized, and flows out from the evaporator outlet.

[0014] Optionally, the heat exchanger dissipates heat, and the gaseous refrigerant enters the evaporating flat tubes from the inlet, then enters the condensing flat tubes through the drainage device to be liquefied, and flows out from the condenser outlet.

[0015] An electric vehicle comprises an outdoor heat exchanger as described above.

[0016] As described above, the outdoor heat exchanger and electric vehicle of the utility model have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The outdoor heat exchanger cools through the first flow channel of the heat exchanger as an evaporator; the gaseous refrigerant is introduced into the second flow channel through the drainage device, and the first flow channel and the second flow channel are used for heat dissipation as a condenser design, which is equivalent to integrating the condenser and evaporator of the traditional outdoor heat exchanger into an integrated heat exchanger, reducing the space occupied by the entire outdoor heat exchanger.

[0018] 2. This outdoor heat exchanger integrates the liquid storage and drying cylinder into the drainage device. It not only has the functions of the liquid storage and drying cylinder of the existing outdoor heat exchanger to remove moisture from the refrigerant, filter impurities and store refrigerant, but also does not occupy additional space, saving space for the installation of other components, reducing the installation process and reducing production costs.

[0019] 3. The outdoor heat exchanger is designed with a plurality of longitudinally arranged evaporating flat tubes through the first flow channel. When the outdoor heat exchanger is used as an evaporator, frost forms in the first flow channel during the refrigeration process. When defrosting, water is generated. Due to its own gravity, water can fall smoothly from the surface of the evaporating flat tubes. Compared with the transversely arranged evaporating flat tubes, it is more conducive to the defrosting of the surface of the evaporating flat tubes.

[0020] 4. The outdoor heat exchanger is divided into three parts by a plurality of evaporating flat tubes, each of which constitutes a first evaporating channel, a second evaporating channel and a third evaporating channel. The liquid refrigerant flows through the first evaporating channel, the second evaporating channel and the third evaporating channel in sequence. The specific flow direction is that the refrigerant flows into the first evaporating channel, then turns in the opposite direction to flow into the second evaporating channel, and then turns in the opposite direction to flow into the third evaporating channel. Compared with the single-channel design, it can obtain more sufficient vaporization and better cooling effect.

[0021] 5. The electric vehicle is designed with an outdoor heat exchanger that cools through the first flow channel of the heat exchanger and then introduces the gaseous refrigerant into the second flow channel for heating through a drainage device. This solves the problem that the outdoor heat exchanger of existing electric vehicles is large in size, occupies a lot of space, and has high requirements for the space design of electric vehicles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of an outdoor heat exchanger of the present utility model.

[0023] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of the flow of refrigerant in the heat exchanger of the utility model.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram showing the flow of refrigerant in the flat tubes of the evaporator and the condenser of the utility model.

[0025] Component number description

[0026] Evaporator outlet A, condenser outlet B, inlet C, stop valve 4, drainage pipe 5, liquid storage drying cylinder 6, evaporation flat tube 7, condensation flat tube 8, first collecting pipe 9, second collecting pipe 10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following is a description of the implementation of the present invention by means of specific embodiments. People familiar with the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.

[0028] See also Figures 1 to 3 . It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the utility model, so they have no substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the utility model, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the utility model. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the implementation of the utility model. Changes or adjustments in their relative relationships should also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of the utility model without substantially changing the technical content.

[0029] The following embodiments are only for illustration purposes and can be combined with each other, and are not limited to the contents presented in the following single embodiments.

[0030] See also Figure 1 The utility model provides an outdoor heat exchanger. From the description of the background technology, we can know that the existing outdoor heat exchanger generally includes four core components, namely, a condenser, an evaporator, a compressor and an expansion valve. The specific structural functions of the compressor and the expansion valve can be obtained by relevant technical personnel in the relevant technical field by referring to relevant technical materials, and will not be elaborated in this article.

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the difference between the outdoor heat exchanger introduced in this specification and the prior art is that the utility model replaces the two core components of the prior art - the evaporator and the condenser - with a heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger includes a first flow channel and a second flow channel; a drainage device is installed between the first flow channel and the second flow channel; the first flow channel is connected to the evaporator outlet A, and the second flow channel is connected to the condenser outlet B; this is the basic structural form of the heat exchanger, and the structure of the heat exchanger will be concretely illustrated below.

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, we will introduce the basic working process of the heat exchanger for cooling and heating.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, when the weather is cold, the heat exchanger transfers the heat in the low-temperature air outside the car to the car to provide heating for the car. The compressor sends the high-temperature and high-pressure gas to the indoor condenser, which provides warm air to the car. The refrigerant condensed by the indoor condenser is throttled and reduced in pressure by the expansion valve and flows into the first flow channel of the outdoor heat exchanger. At this time, the outdoor heat exchanger is used as an outdoor evaporator to absorb the heat in the low-temperature air outside the car. The refrigerant evaporated in the first flow channel flows out from the evaporator outlet A. In this continuous heat transfer, the surface of the outdoor heat exchanger used as the outdoor evaporator will be frosted.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when the weather is hot, the compressor sends high-temperature and high-pressure gas to the outdoor heat exchanger. At this time, the outdoor heat exchanger acts as a condenser, and the gaseous refrigerant is sent into the first flow channel. The drainage device introduces the gaseous refrigerant in the first flow channel into the second flow channel for liquefaction. The liquefaction releases heat, thereby bringing the heat in the car out of the car and releasing it. The liquefied refrigerant flows out from the condenser outlet B, and then flows into the indoor evaporator through the throttling and pressure reduction of the expansion valve to evaporate, so as to achieve the purpose of cooling the car.

[0035] As described above, the outdoor heat exchanger of the present invention cools the air through the first flow channel of the heat exchanger to serve as an evaporator; the gaseous refrigerant is introduced into the second flow channel through the drainage device, and the first flow channel and the second flow channel dissipate heat to serve as a condenser. This design is equivalent to integrating the condenser and evaporator of the traditional outdoor heat exchanger into an integrated heat exchanger, which reduces the space occupied by the entire outdoor heat exchanger, saves design space, simplifies the installation process, and reduces production costs.

[0036] In another embodiment, see Figure 1 The drainage device includes a stop valve 4, a drainage pipe 5 and a liquid storage drying cylinder 6. The liquid storage drying cylinder 6 is connected to the first flow channel through the drainage pipe 5. The drainage pipe 5 is provided with a stop valve 4. The drying cylinder is connected to the second flow channel. When the outdoor heat exchanger performs cooling work, the stop valve 4 cuts off the drainage pipe 5 to prevent the refrigerant from entering the second flow channel from the first flow channel, so that the liquid refrigerant evaporates and absorbs heat in the first flow channel to achieve a cooling effect, and the evaporated refrigerant flows out from the evaporator outlet A.

[0037] like Figure 1As shown, when the heat exchanger is used as a condenser, the evaporator outlet A is closed, the stop valve 4 is opened, and the gaseous refrigerant enters the liquid storage drying cylinder 6 from the drainage pipe 5, and then enters the second flow channel to liquefy and release heat, thereby achieving the effect of heat exchange, and the liquefied refrigerant flows out from the condenser outlet B. The design of the drying cylinder being integrated into the drainage device not only has the functions of the liquid storage drying cylinder 6 of the existing outdoor heat exchanger to remove moisture from the refrigerant, filter impurities, and store refrigerant, but also does not occupy additional space, thus saving space for the installation of other components, reducing the installation process, and reducing production costs. At the same time, the stop valve 4 can be a common electromagnetic stop valve 4, and the structure and function of the electromagnetic stop valve 4 will not be described in detail here.

[0038] In another embodiment, see Figure 1 The first flow channel is composed of a plurality of longitudinally arranged evaporating flat tubes 7. The reason why the evaporating flat tubes 8 are longitudinally arranged is that after the outdoor heat exchanger is used as an evaporator for cooling, frost will form on the surface of the evaporating flat tubes, and a defrosting function is required. The frost on the surface of the longitudinally arranged evaporating flat tubes 7 produces water, which can fall smoothly from the surface of the evaporating flat tubes 7 due to its own gravity. Compared with the transversely arranged evaporating flat tubes 7, the longitudinal arrangement solves the problem of easy frost on the surface of the evaporating flat tubes 7.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the upper end of the evaporation flat tube 7 and the upper end of the condensation flat tube 8 are both connected to the first header 9; the lower end of the evaporation flat tube 7 and the lower end of the condensation flat tube 8 are both connected to the second header 10, that is, the longitudinal condensation flat tube 8 and the evaporation flat tube 7 are arranged between the transversely arranged first header 9 and the second header 10, which increases the stability of the entire structure and provides suitable opening positions for the inlet C, the evaporator outlet A and the condenser outlet B. For example, an inlet C is provided at one end of the first header 9, and a condenser outlet B is provided at the other end of the first header 9. Not only is the arrangement simple, but the inlet C and the condenser outlet B can also be directly processed on the first header 9, which is easy to process.

[0040] In another embodiment, see Figure 1 The second flow channel is composed of a plurality of longitudinally arranged condensing flat tubes 8. Flat tubes are common pipes used in heat exchangers such as air conditioners, which are easy to purchase, highly standardized and low in cost. At the same time, the longitudinally arranged condensing flat tubes 8 are made of the same materials and have the same installation direction as the evaporating flat tubes 7, which facilitates production and saves space for the entire heat exchanger.

[0041] In another embodiment, see Figure 1 Both the evaporation flat tube 7 and the condensation flat tube 8 are composed of porous microchannel flat tubes.

[0042] In another embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 3 The evaporator outlet A is arranged on the second manifold 10, and the plurality of evaporation flat tubes 7 are divided into three parts, each forming an evaporation channel 1, an evaporation channel 2 and an evaporation channel 3. Through the design that the plurality of evaporation flat tubes 7 are divided into three parts, each forming an evaporation channel 1, an evaporation channel 2 and an evaporation channel 3, the liquid refrigerant flows through the evaporation channel 1, the evaporation channel 2 and the evaporation channel 3 in sequence, that is, the refrigerant flows into the evaporation channel 1, then turns in the opposite direction to flow into the evaporation channel 2, and then turns in the opposite direction to flow into the evaporation channel 3. Compared with the single-channel design, more sufficient vaporization can be obtained and the refrigeration effect is better.

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, considering the naming convention, we name the second flow channel composed of multiple condensation flat tubes 8 as the condensation four-flow channel.

[0044] In other embodiments, the expansion valve of the heat exchanger is a thermal expansion valve, which is mainly composed of a valve, an expansion element and an inductive thermal feedback device. Its working principle is to utilize the flow principle of refrigerant under high temperature and high pressure conditions, and to adjust the flow and pressure of the refrigerant through the contraction and expansion of the expansion element, thereby controlling the circulation of the heat exchanger.

[0045] An electric vehicle includes an outdoor heat exchanger as described above. The electric vehicle is designed with an outdoor heat exchanger that cools through a first flow channel of the heat exchanger and then introduces gaseous refrigerant into a second flow channel for heating through a drainage device. This solves the problem that the two core components of the outdoor heat exchanger of the existing electric vehicle, the evaporator and the condenser, are arranged separately, which places high requirements on the space design of the electric vehicle.

[0046] In summary, the utility model uses the first flow channel of the heat exchanger for cooling to serve as an evaporator, and then introduces the gaseous refrigerant into the second flow channel through the drainage device. The first flow channel and the second flow channel are used to dissipate heat to serve as a condenser. This is equivalent to integrating the condenser and evaporator of the traditional outdoor heat exchanger into an integrated heat exchanger, thereby reducing the space occupied by the entire outdoor heat exchanger. By installing the outdoor heat exchanger, the electric vehicle solves the problem that the two core components of the outdoor heat exchanger of the existing electric vehicle, the evaporator and the condenser, are arranged separately, which places high requirements on the space design of the electric vehicle. Therefore, the utility model effectively overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and has a high industrial utilization value.

[0047] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the technology may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An outdoor heat exchanger, comprising a heat exchanger, characterized in that: The heat exchanger comprises a first flow channel and a second flow channel; a flow guide device is installed between the first flow channel and the second flow channel; The first flow channel is connected to the evaporator outlet, and the second flow channel is connected to the condenser outlet; The heat exchanger cools, and the liquid refrigerant evaporates in the first flow channel and flows out from the evaporator outlet; The heat exchanger dissipates heat, and the drainage device introduces the gaseous refrigerant in the first flow channel into the second flow channel for liquefaction, and then flows out from the condenser outlet.

2. An outdoor heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage device comprises a stop valve and a drainage pipe; the first flow channel and the second flow channel are connected through the drainage pipe, and the stop valve is arranged on the drainage pipe.

3. An outdoor heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drainage device further includes a liquid storage and drying cylinder; the liquid storage and drying cylinder is connected to the first flow channel via a drainage pipe, and the drying cylinder is connected to the second flow channel.

4. An outdoor heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second flow channel is composed of a plurality of longitudinally arranged condensation flat tubes.

5. An outdoor heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first flow channel is composed of a plurality of longitudinally arranged evaporation flat tubes; The upper ends of the evaporation flat tubes and the upper ends of the condensation flat tubes are both connected to the first header; The lower ends of the evaporation flat tubes and the condensation flat tubes are both communicated with the second header.

6. An outdoor heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: An inlet is provided at one end of the first header; The other end of the first header is provided with a condenser outlet, and the condenser outlet is communicated with the second flow channel through the first header.

7. An outdoor heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that: The evaporator outlet is arranged on the second header, and the evaporator outlet is connected with the first flow channel through the second header; The plurality of evaporator flat tubes are divided into three groups, each forming an evaporator flow channel 1, an evaporator flow channel 2 and an evaporator flow channel 3; the refrigerant flows into the evaporator flow channel 1, then turns in the opposite direction to flow into the evaporator flow channel 2, and then turns in the opposite direction to flow into the evaporator flow channel 3.

8. An outdoor heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heat exchanger refrigerates, and the liquid refrigerant enters the evaporating flat tubes from the inlet, vaporizes, and flows out from the evaporator outlet.

9. An outdoor heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heat exchanger dissipates heat, and the gaseous refrigerant enters the evaporating flat tubes from the inlet, then enters the condensing flat tubes through the drainage device to be liquefied, and flows out from the condenser outlet.

10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises an outdoor heat exchanger as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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