Fuel cell membrane electrode, cell and device
By designing the frame structure and using an adhesive layer in the fuel cell membrane electrode, the problem of displacement of the catalyst-coated membrane and gas diffusion layer in the traditional packaging process is solved, and a more stable membrane electrode structure and lower material usage are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420696207.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-07
AI Technical Summary
In the traditional fuel cell membrane electrode packaging process, the catalyst-coated film and the gas diffusion layer are prone to lateral displacement, resulting in air leakage defects.
A new fuel cell membrane electrode structure is adopted, including a cathode and anode gas diffusion layer, a frame structure and a catalyst-coated membrane. The displacement of the catalyst-coated film and gas diffusion layer is limited by the design of the frame structure and the use of the adhesive layer.
It effectively prevents the lateral displacement of the catalyst-coated film and the gas diffusion layer, reduces the amount of microporous layer slurry, and improves the overall performance of the fuel cell and the stability of the packaging.
Smart Images
Figure CN222619785U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to a fuel cell technology, in particular to a fuel cell membrane electrode, a battery and a device. Background Art
[0002] With the development of hydrogen energy technology, the commercialization of fuel cells is also advancing rapidly. The core and most expensive component of fuel cells is the membrane electrode, which consists of a gas diffusion layer (GDL), frame materials, and a catalyst coated membrane (CCM). The gas diffusion layer (GDL) consists of a substrate layer and a microporous layer. As the place where the electrochemical reaction occurs, the membrane electrode plays a vital role in the fuel cell, and its characteristics directly determine the overall performance of the fuel cell.
[0003] When using the traditional method to encapsulate the membrane electrode, two layers of frame material are respectively pasted on both sides of the catalyst coated membrane (CCM), and then two layers of gas diffusion layers are respectively pasted on the frame material to make a seven-in-one membrane electrode. However, this packaging process uses a large amount of materials and the catalyst coated membrane and gas diffusion layer are prone to lateral displacement and leakage defects.
[0004] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to increase the understanding of the overall background of the present invention, and should not be regarded as acknowledging or suggesting in any form that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Utility Model Content
[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a new fuel cell membrane electrode, battery and device solution.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a fuel cell membrane electrode, which at least includes a catalyst coated membrane; a gas diffusion layer, which includes a cathode gas diffusion layer and an anode gas diffusion layer respectively arranged on both sides of the catalyst coated membrane: the cathode gas diffusion layer includes a first substrate layer and a first microporous layer, and the anode gas diffusion layer includes a second substrate layer and a second microporous layer; a frame structure, including a first frame and a second frame arranged in parallel in an extension direction and both of which have at least an enclosed external frame structure, and the first frame and the second frame jointly form a defined space for limiting the catalyst coated membrane, the cathode gas diffusion layer and the anode gas diffusion layer.
[0007] In one or more embodiments, the first frame is limited by the second substrate layer on the side away from the second frame, and the first frame is arranged outside the second microporous layer.
[0008] In one or more embodiments, the inner vacant area enclosed and defined by the external frame structure of the first frame is smaller than the inner vacant area enclosed and defined by the external frame structure of the second frame: when observed from the second frame side and perpendicular to the extension direction, the first frame has a first portion that is not obscured by the second frame; the catalyst coating film is at least partially restricted to the first portion (at this time, a structure similar to a groove vacancy is formed, and the catalyst coating film can be partially set on the supporting first portion, thereby being restricted).
[0009] In one or more embodiments, the area of the first microporous layer is equal to the area of the catalyst coated membrane, and the area of the second microporous layer is smaller than the area of the second substrate layer.
[0010] In one or more embodiments, the area of the second microporous layer is 85-99% of the area of the second substrate layer.
[0011] In one or more embodiments, the thickness of the first frame is greater than the thickness of the second microporous layer, and the thickness of the second frame is equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the catalyst coated membrane and the first microporous layer.
[0012] In one or more embodiments, the first frame is further limited by the second base layer via the first adhesive layer.
[0013] In one or more embodiments, the catalyst coated membrane is further constrained to the first portion by a second adhesive layer.
[0014] In one or more embodiments, the second frame is further defined by the third adhesive layer and the first base layer (1).
[0015] In one or more embodiments, a battery, such as the aforementioned fuel cell membrane electrode.
[0016] In one or more embodiments, a device includes a main body and a battery as described above connected to the main body.
[0017] Further preferably, in one embodiment of the electrode, the first frame is fixed on the second substrate layer at the outer edge of the second microporous layer, the catalyst coated membrane is fixed on the inner edge of the top of the first frame, and the second frame is fixed on the peripheral side of the catalyst coated membrane. The top of the second frame is fixed to the first substrate layer of the cathode gas diffusion layer.
[0018] Preferably, in one embodiment of the electrode, the first frame is fixed to the second base layer at the outer edge of the second microporous layer of the anode gas diffusion layer through a first adhesive layer, the catalyst coated membrane is fixed to the inner edge of the top of the first frame through a second adhesive layer, the second frame is fixed to the peripheral side of the catalyst coated membrane through the second adhesive layer, and the top of the second frame is fixed to the first base layer of the cathode gas diffusion layer through a third adhesive layer.
[0019] Preferably, in one embodiment of the electrode, the first frame and the second frame can be made of rigid materials, such as polyimide (PI), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), etc. The first adhesive layer, the second adhesive layer and the third adhesive layer are made of rubber polymer materials as the main adhesive raw materials, such as silicone rubber, fluororubber, nitrile rubber (NBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), etc.
[0020] Preferably, in one embodiment of the electrode, the first microporous layer of the cathode gas diffusion layer and the second microporous layer of the anode gas diffusion layer can be prepared using traditional processes, such as dispersing carbon black and a hydrophobic agent in a solvent, and then using ultrasound, paddle stirring, homogenizer homogenization, etc. to form a uniform slurry, and then spraying, slit coating, screen printing or wire rod coating to coat the base layer to prepare it.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the fuel cell membrane electrode, battery and device according to the utility model can prevent the catalyst coating membrane and the gas diffusion layer from lateral displacement, and reduce the amount of microporous layer slurry used in the production of the gas diffusion layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the membrane electrode structure of a fuel cell according to one embodiment of the utility model.
[0023] Explanation of the reference numerals: first base layer 1 of cathode gas diffusion layer; first microporous layer 2 of cathode gas diffusion layer; second base layer 3 of anode gas diffusion layer; second microporous layer 4 of anode gas diffusion layer; first frame 5; second frame 6; catalyst coating membrane 7; first adhesive layer 8; second adhesive layer 9; third adhesive layer 10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation modes.
[0025] Unless explicitly stated otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the term “comprise” or variations such as “include” or “comprising”, etc., will be understood to include the stated elements or components but not to exclude other elements or components.
[0026] like Figure 1As shown, the fuel cell membrane electrode structure according to the embodiment of the utility model includes a cathode gas diffusion layer, an anode gas diffusion layer, a first frame 5, a second frame 6 and a catalyst coated membrane 7. The cathode gas diffusion layer includes a first substrate layer 1 and a first microporous layer 2, and the anode gas diffusion layer includes a second substrate layer 3 and a second microporous layer 4. The first frame 5 is fixed to the second substrate layer 3 at the outer edge of the second microporous layer 4 through a first adhesive layer 8, the catalyst coated membrane 7 is fixed to the inner edge of the top of the first frame 5 through a second adhesive layer 9, and the second frame 6 is fixed to the peripheral side of the catalyst coated membrane 7 through the second adhesive layer 9. The top of the second frame 6 is fixed to the first substrate layer 1 of the cathode gas diffusion layer through a third adhesive layer 10.
[0027] As a possible solution, the first microporous layer of the cathode gas diffusion layer and the second microporous layer of the anode gas diffusion layer can be prepared using traditional processes, such as by dispersing carbon black and a hydrophobic agent in a solvent, and then using ultrasound, paddle stirring, homogenizer homogenization, etc. to form a uniform slurry, and then spraying, slit coating, screen printing or wire rod coating on the base layer to prepare it.
[0028] Furthermore, the area of the first microporous layer 1 is equal to the catalyst coating membrane 7 and smaller than the first substrate layer 1, and the area of the second microporous layer 4 is smaller than the second substrate layer 3. The microporous layer area of the anode and cathode gas diffusion layers is smaller than the substrate layer, thereby saving costs.
[0029] Specifically, when manufacturing the fuel cell membrane electrode structure of the embodiment of the utility model, the second microporous layer 4 is first coated on the second substrate layer 3 and placed on the operating platform. Then, a first adhesive layer 8 is coated on one side of the first frame 5, and the second substrate layer 3 and the first frame 5 are bonded together by the first adhesive layer 8. Then, a second adhesive layer 9 is coated on the upper side of the first frame 5, and the first frame 5 and the second frame 6 are bonded together by the second adhesive layer 9. At this time, the first frame 5 and the second frame 6 form a step groove, and the catalyst coating film 7 is placed in the step groove. The inner second adhesive layer 9 on the first frame 5 bonds the catalyst coating film 7, and the first frame 5 and the second frame 6 form a step groove to block the catalyst coating film 7 laterally, so as to prevent the catalyst coating film 7 from lateral displacement. Finally, a third adhesive layer 10 is coated on the upper side of the second frame 6, and the first substrate layer 1 and the second frame 6 are bonded together by the third adhesive layer 10. Therefore, when manufacturing the fuel cell membrane electrode structure of the embodiment of the utility model, there are few process steps and simple operation.
[0030] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the utility model is for the purpose of illustration and illustration. These descriptions are not intended to limit the utility model to the precise form disclosed, and it is clear that many changes and variations can be made based on the above teachings. The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the utility model and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art can realize and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the utility model and various different options and changes. The scope of the utility model is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A fuel cell membrane electrode, characterized in that: At least include Catalyst coated membrane (7); A gas diffusion layer, comprising a cathode gas diffusion layer and an anode gas diffusion layer respectively arranged on both sides of a catalyst coating membrane (7); the cathode gas diffusion layer comprises a first substrate layer (1) and a first microporous layer (2); and the anode gas diffusion layer comprises a second substrate layer (3) and a second microporous layer (4); A frame structure, comprising a first frame (5) and a second frame (6) arranged in parallel in an extension direction, both of which have at least an enclosed external frame structure, wherein the first frame (5) and the second frame (6) together form a limited space for limiting the catalyst coating membrane (7), the cathode gas diffusion layer and the anode gas diffusion layer.
2. The fuel cell membrane electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the side away from the second frame (6), the first frame (5) is limited by the second base layer (3), and the first frame (5) is arranged outside the second microporous layer (4).
3. The fuel cell membrane electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner vacant area defined by the outer frame structure of the first frame (5) is smaller than the inner vacant area defined by the outer frame structure of the second frame (6): when viewed from the side of the second frame (6) and perpendicular to the extension direction, the first frame (5) has a first portion that is not covered by the second frame (6); The catalyst coated membrane (7) is at least partially confined to the first portion.
4. The fuel cell membrane electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The area of the first microporous layer (2) is equal to the area of the catalyst-coated membrane (7), and the area of the second microporous layer (4) is smaller than the area of the second substrate layer (3).
5. The fuel cell membrane electrode according to claim 4, characterized in that: The area of the second microporous layer (4) is 85-99% of the area of the second substrate layer (3).
6. The fuel cell membrane electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the first frame (5) is greater than the thickness of the second microporous layer (4), and the thickness of the second frame (6) is equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the catalyst coating membrane (7) and the first microporous layer (2).
7. The fuel cell membrane electrode according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first frame (5) is also limited by the second base layer (3) through the first adhesive layer (8).
8. The fuel cell membrane electrode according to claim 3, characterized in that: The catalyst coated membrane (7) is also constrained to the first portion by a second adhesive layer (9).
9. A battery, a fuel cell membrane electrode as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A device comprising a main body and the battery according to claim 9 connected to the main body.