Solar cell sheet
By setting up laser grid, main gate and laser dark mark on the back of the solar cell, the position information of the laser dark mark is used to quickly lock the production line of abnormal products, solving the problem of abnormal products traceability caused by the interleaving of multiple production lines, and improving production efficiency and yield.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420681336.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-03
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-03
AI Technical Summary
In the PERC solar cell production workshop produced at the same time on multiple production lines, it is difficult to quickly and accurately trace and lock the specific production lines of abnormal products, resulting in the inability to isolate and improve in time, affecting the yield and efficiency of production.
A laser grid and main gate are set on the back of the solar cell, and a laser dark mark is added on the basis of it. The position information of the laser dark mark (m, n) is used to indicate the production line. This information quickly locks the production line of abnormal products.
It realizes the production line of rapid and accurate locking and traceability of abnormal products, timely isolation and improvement, and improves the production yield and efficiency of solar cell cells.
Smart Images
Figure CN222621495U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of photovoltaic equipment, and in particular to a solar cell. Background Art
[0002] In the preparation of PERC (Passivated Emitter Rear Cell) solar cells, in order to increase production capacity, production workshops generally use multiple production lines for simultaneous production. Among them, the production process of a production line includes processes such as laser etching or metal chemical engineering. For example, in the metallization process, appearance (such as rough grid, uneven thickness, virtual printing, abnormal margin distance, etc.) and reliability (such as cold solder joints, false cold solder joints, low tension, PID failure, DH failure, etc.) problems are prone to occur.
[0003] Due to the large scale of production and the difficulty in ensuring that each device is only used in one production line, the production lines are staggered, so the production situation in the production workshop is relatively complicated. If an abnormality is found in the solar cell during the test, the specific production line cannot be traced back and troubleshooted quickly, and the cell cannot be isolated in a targeted manner, it may cause abnormalities in a large number of solar cells. Utility Model Content
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present application provide a solar cell sheet that can quickly and accurately identify the production line of abnormal products through laser dark marking, thereby isolating the abnormal products as quickly as possible and carrying out targeted improvement work.
[0005] An embodiment of the present application provides a solar cell sheet, wherein a laser grid, a main grid and a laser mark are provided on the back side of the solar cell sheet, wherein the laser grid includes a plurality of grid lines, the main grid includes a plurality of main grid lines, the extension direction of the grid lines is perpendicular to the extension direction of the main grid lines, the laser mark is located below the mth main grid line and on the nth grid line, and the position information (m, n) of the laser mark is used to indicate the production line of the solar cell sheet.
[0006] Furthermore, the production line categories of the solar cell sheet include large line categories and small line categories, the position information m of the laser mark located on the main grid line represents the large line category of the solar cell sheet, and the position information n of the laser mark located on the grid line represents the small line category of the solar cell sheet.
[0007] Furthermore, the grid lines of the laser grid are in the form of dotted lines, and the laser dark marks are in the form of continuous line segments.
[0008] Furthermore, the grid lines of the laser grid are in the form of dotted lines, and the laser dark mark is in the form of blank space.
[0009] Furthermore, there are multiple laser dark marks, and the multiple laser dark marks are arranged in a central symmetric manner relative to the center point of the back side of the solar cell sheet.
[0010] Furthermore, the width of the laser dark mark is equal to the width of the grid lines of the laser grid.
[0011] Furthermore, the width of the laser mark is between 80 and 180 microns.
[0012] Furthermore, the length of the laser mark is between 1 and 10 mm.
[0013] Furthermore, the material of the laser dark mark is silicon-aluminum alloy, and the laser dark mark is electrically connected to the passivation layer of the solar cell sheet and to the main grid line of the main grid.
[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a back electrode, which is arranged in the back electrode hollow area on the back of the solar cell, the main grid line of the main grid surrounds the back electrode and is electrically connected to the back electrode, and the laser mark is electrically connected to the back electrode through the main grid line of the main grid.
[0015] During the production process of solar cell sheets, a laser grooving process is performed on the back side thereof, that is, a laser grid is generated by laser scanning on the back side thereof to expose the passivation layer under the solar cell sheet, and a main grid is printed by a silk screen process at the same time, wherein the laser grid includes a plurality of grid lines extending in the horizontal direction, and the main grid includes a plurality of main grid lines extending in the vertical direction. The solar cell sheet of the embodiment of the present application is provided with a laser mark on the basis of the laser grooving laser grid, and the laser mark is located below the mth main grid line and on the nth grid line, and the position information (m, n) of the laser mark is used to indicate the production line of the solar cell sheet. Therefore, the different position information of the laser mark can indicate the production line of the solar cell sheet, and the production personnel can quickly and accurately lock the production line of the solar cell sheet or solar cell sheet assembly according to the position information of the laser mark, quickly trace the specific production line and troubleshoot, thereby isolating abnormal products as soon as possible and carrying out targeted improvement work, thereby improving the production yield or production efficiency of the solar cell sheet. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.
[0017] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the structure of the back side of a solar cell sheet provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the main grid and the laser dark mark are not shown;
[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the distribution of laser spots on the back of a solar cell;
[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the distribution of laser spots and laser dark marks on the back of a solar cell;
[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the physical effect of the back side of the solar cell;
[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Another physical effect diagram of the back side of the solar cell.
[0022] Description of Figure Numbers:
[0023]
[0024] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0026] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present application (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.
[0027] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in this application are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.
[0028] In the process of preparing solar cells, in order to increase production capacity, several or even dozens of production lines are generally set up in the production workshop to produce at the same time. Therefore, the production situation in the production workshop is relatively complicated. After the solar cells are processed by the production line, the electrical performance of the solar cells needs to be tested to detect whether the processed solar cells are qualified. Since the processing parameters of the production line are manually controlled, and the production line may fail after a long period of production, the solar cells processed by the production line are likely to be unqualified. At this time, it is necessary to quickly locate the production line to promptly investigate the reasons for the unqualified solar cells.
[0029] In view of this, refer to Figures 1 to 4 The embodiment of the present application provides a solar cell sheet 100, and a laser grid 101, a main grid 102 and a laser mark 103 are provided on the back side of the solar cell sheet 100, wherein the laser grid 101 includes a plurality of grid lines 111, and the main grid 102 includes a plurality of main grid lines 121, and the extension direction of the grid lines 111 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the main grid lines 121, and the laser mark 103 is located below the mth main grid line and on the nth grid line, and the position information (m, n) of the laser mark 103 is used to indicate the production line of the solar cell sheet 100.
[0030] Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, during the production process of the PERC solar cell 100, a laser grooving process is performed on the back side thereof, that is, a laser grid 101 is generated by laser scanning on the back side thereof to expose the passivation layer under the solar cell 100, and a main grid 102 is printed by a silk screen process, wherein the laser grid 101 includes a plurality of grid lines 111 extending in the horizontal direction, and the main grid 102 includes a plurality of main grid lines 121 extending in the vertical direction. Figure 3 to Figure 4As shown, the solar cell sheet of the embodiment of the present application is provided with a laser mark 103 on the basis of the laser grid 101 of the laser groove, and the laser mark 103 is located below the mth main grid line and on the nth grid line, and the position information (m, n) of the laser mark 103 is used to indicate the production line of the solar cell sheet 100. Therefore, the different position information of the laser mark 103 can indicate the production line of the solar cell sheet 100, and the production personnel can quickly and accurately lock the production line of the solar cell sheet 100 or the solar cell sheet assembly according to the position information of the laser mark 103, quickly trace the specific production line and troubleshoot, so as to isolate abnormal products as soon as possible and carry out targeted improvement work, thereby improving the production yield or production efficiency of the solar cell sheet 100.
[0031] Reference Figure 1 In some embodiments of the present application, the production line types of the solar cell 100 include large line types and small line types. The position information m of the laser mark 103 located on the main grid line 121 represents the large line type of the solar cell 100, and the position information n of the laser mark 103 located on the grid line 111 represents the small line type of the solar cell 100.
[0032] Specifically, in the production workshop of the solar cell 100, the production line of the solar cell 100 includes a large line and a small line, each large line includes multiple small lines, wherein the naming rule of the large line can be 1, 2, 3..., and the naming rule of the small line is 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B... For example, Figure 1The solar cell 100 shown has 9 main grids 102, wherein, from left to right, each main grid 102 represents the large line type 1-2, 3-4...15-16 of the solar cell 100. After confirming the large line type of the solar cell 100, from top to bottom, each grid line 111 represents the small line type 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B...15A, 15B, 16A, 16B of the solar cell 100. For example, if the laser mark 103 is located below the first main grid and on the first grid line, it means that the production line of the solar cell is 1A; if the laser mark 103 is located below the first main grid and on the second grid line, it means that the production line of the solar cell is 1B; if the laser mark 103 is located below the first main grid and on the third grid line, it means that the production line of the solar cell is 2A; if the laser mark 103 is located below the first main grid and on the fourth grid line, it means that the production line of the solar cell is 2B. By analogy, the production line of the solar cell 100 or solar cell module can be quickly and accurately locked, and the specific production line can be quickly traced and troubleshooted, so as to isolate abnormal products as soon as possible and carry out targeted improvement work, thereby improving the production yield or production efficiency of the solar cell 100.
[0033] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments of the present application, the grid lines 111 of the laser grid 101 are in the form of dotted lines, and the laser dark mark 103 is in the form of continuous line segments, so that production personnel can quickly and readily identify the laser dark mark 103, thereby quickly and accurately identifying or locking the production line of the solar cell 100 or solar cell module, quickly tracing the specific production line and troubleshooting, and can isolate abnormal products as soon as possible and carry out targeted improvement work, thereby improving the production yield or production efficiency of the solar cell 100. In addition, the solar cell 100 provided in this embodiment, through the above settings, does not increase the production cost additionally, so that the manufacturing cost of the solar cell 100 can be controlled.
[0034] It is understandable that the shape of the laser mark 103 can be other forms that are easy to identify, such as a curve, etc. The specific shape depends on the actual situation and is not limited here.
[0035] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present application, the grid lines 111 of the laser grid 101 are in the form of dotted lines, and the laser dark mark 103' (see Figure 5) is left blank, that is, when the laser device scans and generates the grid lines 111, the laser scanning is not performed at the position of the laser dark mark 103', and the grid lines 111 are in a broken shape here. Therefore, the passivation layer of the solar cell 100 here will not be exposed, and will not react with the main grid 102, so that the laser dark mark 103' is left blank. Therefore, the production personnel can quickly identify the laser dark mark 103', and according to the position of the laser dark mark 103', quickly and accurately identify or lock the production line of the solar cell 100 or the solar cell module, quickly trace the specific production line and troubleshoot, and can isolate abnormal products as soon as possible and carry out targeted improvement work, thereby improving the production yield or production efficiency of the solar cell 100. At the same time, the solar cell 100 of the embodiment of the present application will not increase the production cost through the above-mentioned settings, so that the manufacturing cost of the solar cell 100 can be controlled.
[0036] Reference Figure 1 In some embodiments of the present application, there are multiple laser dark marks 103 , and the multiple laser dark marks 103 are centrally symmetrically arranged relative to the center point of the back side of the solar cell panel 100 .
[0037] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the laser grid 101 and the main grid 102 of the solar cell sheet 100 are centrally symmetrically arranged relative to the center point of the back side of the solar cell sheet 100. In order to facilitate production personnel to quickly identify the laser mark 103, the laser mark 103 can be set to multiple, for example Figure 1 The solar cell panel 100 in the embodiment can be provided with two laser dark marks 103, which are respectively placed on the laser grid 101 above or below the solar cell panel 100, and are centrally symmetrically arranged relative to the center point of the back side of the solar cell panel 100. Therefore, when the operator identifies the laser dark mark 103, there is no need to rotate the solar cell panel 100, and the laser dark mark 103 can be quickly identified. According to the position of the laser dark mark 103, the production line of the solar cell panel 100 or the solar cell panel module can be quickly and accurately identified or locked, and the specific production line can be quickly traced and troubleshooted, so that abnormal products can be isolated as soon as possible and targeted improvement work can be carried out, thereby improving the production yield or production efficiency of the solar cell panel 100.
[0038] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments of the present application, the width of the laser mark 103 is equal to the width of the grid line 111 of the laser grid 101. Therefore, when generating the laser mark 103, it is only necessary to adjust the settings of the laser device and change the dotted line into a continuous line segment of a solid line to scan out the laser mark 103 without increasing the production cost, thereby being able to control the manufacturing cost of the solar cell 100.
[0039] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present application, the width of the laser mark 103 is between 80 and 180 microns. The width of the laser mark 103 is equal to the width of the grid line 111 of the laser grid 101, so the width of the grid line 111 is also between 80 and 180 microns. The width of the laser mark 103 is sufficient to allow the operator to quickly identify the laser mark 103, and according to the position of the laser mark 103, quickly and accurately identify or lock the production line of the solar cell 100 or the solar cell module, quickly trace the specific production line and troubleshoot, and can isolate abnormal products as soon as possible and carry out targeted improvement work, thereby improving the production yield or production efficiency of the solar cell 100. At the same time, the solar cell 100 of the embodiment of the present application, through the above-mentioned setting, will not increase the production cost additionally, so that the manufacturing cost of the solar cell 100 can be controlled.
[0040] In addition, in some embodiments of the present application, the length of the laser mark 103 is between 1 and 10 mm. The length of the laser mark 103 is sufficient to allow the operator to quickly identify the laser mark 103, and according to the position of the laser mark 103, quickly and accurately identify or lock the production line of the solar cell 100 or the solar cell module, quickly trace the specific production line and troubleshoot, and isolate abnormal products as soon as possible and carry out targeted improvement work, thereby improving the production yield or production efficiency of the solar cell 100. At the same time, the solar cell 100 of the embodiment of the present application, through the above-mentioned setting, will not increase the production cost additionally, so that the manufacturing cost of the solar cell 100 can be controlled.
[0041] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present application, the length of the laser mark 103 is between 1 and 4 mm. The length of the laser mark 103 is sufficient to allow the operator to quickly identify the laser mark 103, and according to the position of the laser mark 103, quickly and accurately identify or lock the production line of the solar cell 100 or the solar cell module, quickly trace the specific production line and troubleshoot, and isolate abnormal products as soon as possible and carry out targeted improvement work, thereby improving the production yield or production efficiency of the solar cell 100. At the same time, the solar cell 100 of the embodiment of the present application, through the above-mentioned setting, will not increase the production cost additionally, so that the manufacturing cost of the solar cell 100 can be controlled.
[0042] Reference Figure 4 In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the laser mark 103 is silicon-aluminum alloy, and the laser mark 103 is electrically connected to the passivation layer (not shown) of the solar cell 100 and to the main grid line 121 of the main grid 102 .
[0043] Specifically, Figure 4As shown, the main material of the main grid 102 is aluminum metal paste, and the main grid 102 will cover the laser mark 103. When the laser mark 103 is generated on the solar cell 100, the passivation layer of the solar cell 100 will be exposed and react with the main grid 102 to produce silicon aluminum alloy. At this time, the laser mark 103 is gray and darker than the main grid 102, so the production staff can quickly identify the laser mark 103. In addition, the laser mark 103 is made of conductive material, which is electrically connected to the passivation layer of the solar cell 100 and the main grid line 121 of the main grid 102, so as to transfer the charge or current of the solar cell 100 to the main grid line 121. In other words, the laser mark 103 can not only identify the production line of the solar cell 100, but also collect the charge or current on the back of the solar cell 100.
[0044] In addition, refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 Another physical effect schematic diagram of the back side of the solar cell panel 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application, wherein the laser mark 103' is left blank, that is, when the laser device scans to generate the grid line 111, no laser scanning is performed at the position of the laser mark 103', and the grid line 111 is in a fracture shape at this location, and other dotted grid lines 111 without the laser mark 103' expose the passivation layer of the solar cell panel 100 and react with the main grid 102 to produce a silicon-aluminum alloy, whose color is darker than that of the main grid 102, and the color of the laser mark 103' is the same as that of the main grid 102, and can therefore be distinguished from the laser mark 103'. Therefore, production personnel can quickly identify the laser mark 103', and according to the position of the laser mark 103', quickly and accurately identify or lock the production line of the solar cell 100 or the solar cell module, quickly trace the specific production line and troubleshoot, and can isolate abnormal products as soon as possible and carry out targeted improvement work, thereby improving the production yield or production efficiency of the solar cell 100. At the same time, the solar cell 100 of the embodiment of the present application, through the above-mentioned settings, will not increase the production cost, so that the manufacturing cost of the solar cell 100 can be controlled.
[0045] Refer again Figure 4 In some embodiments of the present application, the solar cell 100 also includes a back electrode 104, which is arranged in a back electrode hollow area 105 on the back side of the solar cell 100, and the main grid lines 121 of the main grid 102 surround the back electrode 104 and are electrically connected to the back electrode 104, and the laser dark mark 103 is electrically connected to the back electrode 104 through the main grid lines 121 of the main grid 102.
[0046] Specifically, the laser mark 103 is made of a conductive material, which is electrically connected to the passivation layer of the solar cell 100 and to the main grid line 121 of the main grid 102, thereby transferring the charge or current of the solar cell 100 to the main grid line 121. The main grid line 121 of the main grid 102 surrounds the back electrode 104 and is electrically connected to the back electrode 104. The back electrode transfers the charge or current through the welding tape. In other words, the laser mark 103 can not only identify the production line type of the solar cell 100, but also collect the charge or current on the back of the solar cell 100.
[0047] The embodiment of the present application also provides a solar cell panel assembly, including the solar cell panel 100 described above. The specific structure of the solar cell panel 100 refers to the above embodiment. Since the solar cell panel 100 adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here one by one.
[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present application specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present application, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A solar cell sheet, characterized in that: It includes a laser grid, a main grid and a laser mark, wherein the laser grid includes multiple grid lines, the main grid includes multiple main grid lines, the extension direction of the grid lines is perpendicular to the extension direction of the main grid lines, the laser mark is located below the mth main grid line and on the nth grid line, and the position information (m, n) of the laser mark is used to indicate the production line of the solar cell panel.
2. The solar cell sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The production line types of the solar cell sheet include large line types and small line types. The position information m of the laser mark located on the main grid line represents the large line type of the solar cell sheet, and the position information n of the laser mark located on the grid line represents the small line type of the solar cell sheet.
3. The solar cell sheet according to claim 2, characterized in that: The grid lines of the laser grid are in the form of dotted lines, and the laser dark marks are in the form of continuous line segments.
4. The solar cell sheet according to claim 2, characterized in that: The grid lines of the laser grid are in the form of dotted lines, and the laser dark mark is in the form of a blank space.
5. The solar cell sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: There are multiple laser dark marks, and the multiple laser dark marks are arranged in a central symmetric manner relative to the center point of the back side of the solar cell sheet.
6. The solar cell sheet according to claim 5, characterized in that: The width of the laser mark is equal to the width of the grid lines of the laser grid.
7. The solar cell sheet according to claim 6, characterized in that: The width of the laser dark mark is between 80 and 180 microns.
8. The solar cell sheet according to claim 7, characterized in that: The length of the laser dark mark is between 1 and 10 mm.
9. The solar cell sheet according to claim 8, characterized in that: The material of the laser dark mark is silicon aluminum alloy, and the laser dark mark is electrically connected to the passivation layer of the solar cell sheet and is electrically connected to the main grid line of the main grid.
10. The solar cell sheet according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a back electrode, which is arranged in the back electrode hollow area on the back of the solar cell sheet. The main grid line of the main grid surrounds the back electrode and is electrically connected to the back electrode. The laser mark is electrically connected to the back electrode through the main grid line of the main grid.