Tracking-free condensation unit and photovoltaic power generation combined structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tracking-free condensation unit and photovoltaic power generation combined structure, and solves the problems that the change range of the incident angle of light rays is large when the sun runs from sunrise to sunset, and sunlight is difficult to efficiently and stably collect without adopting a tracking device through the unique design of a condensation optical system. And meanwhile, through the effective combination of the light-gathering heat-collecting unit and the photovoltaic power generation panel, a combined structure of the tracking-free light-gathering heat-collecting unit and photovoltaic power generation is formed, the integrated operation of light-gathering heat-collecting and photovoltaic power generation is realized, and the comprehensive utilization efficiency of sunlight is improved. According to the utility model, a plurality of effective combinations can be formed with relatively mature photovoltaic technology, photo-thermal technology and light guide illumination technology, so that the device is suitable for various concentrating light fields from low power to high power and from small power to large power, can be widely applied to the fields of solar concentrating heat collection, illumination, power generation and the like, and is wide in application scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to solar energy utilization technology, in particular to a tracking-free focusing unit and photovoltaic power generation combined structure. Background Art

[0002] When humans use solar energy, no matter what technical approach they adopt, they must first collect sunlight. In order to efficiently utilize solar energy and overcome the deficiency of low energy flux density of solar radiation itself, the main method is to use focusing. Since the azimuth and altitude angles of the sun's orbit are constantly changing, it is difficult to achieve efficient and stable collection of sunlight without using a fixed-day tracking system. Therefore, the existing technology generally uses tracking devices to establish a focusing light field. The tracking devices used in existing focusing technologies mainly include single-axis or dual-axis sun tracking systems, which have relatively bulky and complex mechanical structures and high tracking accuracy requirements. They not only require external power to drive their mechanical structures to operate, but also have specific requirements for installation conditions, resulting in high site construction costs, low long-term reliability, and high maintenance costs during system operation. Its safety, reliability, and economy need to be improved and improved. To this end, people are continuously exploring and researching and developing tracking-free focusing optical systems to achieve safer, more reliable, and more economical efficient development and utilization of sunlight resources. There are many patent documents developed and published in this direction, such as Chinese patent application 202010915633.0 "A non-tracking composite structure solar collector" and 202311503455.0 "Light-conducting energy-concentrating planar solar concentrator", which propose different solutions to promote the advancement of non-tracking concentrating technology, but they are not practical and difficult to promote and apply. At the same time, solar photovoltaic power generation technology is becoming more and more mature and has been commercialized on a large scale in various scenarios, but the photoelectric conversion efficiency is still not high (the photoelectric conversion efficiency of commercial photovoltaic panels is generally about 25%). How to effectively combine photovoltaic power generation with efficient concentrated light and heat to improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of sunlight is also a key direction of research and exploration. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a tracking-free focusing unit and photovoltaic power generation combined structure, which, through a unique focusing optical system design, solves the problem that the incident angle of the sun's light varies greatly from sunrise to sunset, and it is difficult to collect sunlight efficiently and stably without a tracking device; at the same time, through the effective combination of the focusing unit and the photovoltaic power generation panel, a tracking-free focusing unit and photovoltaic power generation combined structure is formed, realizing the integrated operation of photovoltaic power generation and concentrated solar heat / lighting, and improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of sunlight.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A tracking-free focusing unit and photovoltaic power generation combined structure, characterized in that: the tracking-free focusing unit is composed of a light incident angle modulation cavity, a focusing lens, and a secondary focusing homogenizer; photovoltaic power generation panels are installed on both sides of the upper part of the light incident angle modulation cavity, and a focusing collector or a light-guiding lighting receiver is installed at the light convergence position of the lower part of the focusing unit, forming a tracking-free focusing collector and photovoltaic power generation combined structure in an integrated manner; the light incident angle modulation cavity is composed of a group of symmetrical reflecting surfaces with inclined angles; the focusing lens is located at the lower part of the light incident angle modulation cavity; the secondary focusing homogenizer is a device that reflects, converges and homogenizes the light focused by the focusing lens again, and is located below the focusing lens, and its two side walls are reflecting surfaces with inclined angles.

[0006] Furthermore, the conditions that the inclination angle, spacing, and height of the reflective surfaces of the light incident angle modulation cavity meet are: the range of the incident angle of the inclined light generated during the movement of sunlight from east to west is α s Modulation to the required relatively small range of light incident angle variation β s , so as to achieve s The incident light with a large angle in the range passes through the modulation cavity and then enters the focusing lens surface. The change angle of the incident light is controlled at a smaller angle β s The inclination angle, height and width of the reflecting surface of the secondary focusing and homogenizing device satisfy the following conditions: the incident angle variation range accepted by the focusing lens is β s The outgoing light is focused by the reflecting surface to the focusing collector or the light guide lighting receiver.

[0007] Furthermore, the condenser lens is a Fresnel lens or a condenser lens of other shapes.

[0008] Furthermore, a plurality of the tracking-free focusing units are connected and arranged in an orderly manner to form a tracking-free focusing heat collection or focusing lighting and photovoltaic power generation combined structure array.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0010] Through the unique light incident angle modulation cavity design, when the sunlight is incident at a large angle, its incident light α s Modulated to a relatively small incident angle β s After incident on the upper surface of the focusing lens, β s The modulated angle is calculated as follows:

[0011] β s =α s - 2δ1

[0012] When the sunlight is incident or the incident angle of the light is between 0° and ≤δ1, all the light rays are directly incident on the upper surface of the condenser lens. At this time, the angle of the light rays incident on the upper surface of the condenser lens varies within a range of 0° to δ1.

[0013] The above structure can effectively modulate the wide angle variation range of sunlight incident, solving the problem of low focusing efficiency, scattered focal spots and wide variation range of focusing lenses caused by the large angle of incident light of the sun during operation. The focused light, whether it is near-axis light or paraxial light, can be effectively and reliably introduced into the secondary focusing homogenizer and then converged to the focusing collector or light guide lighting receiver again, and efficient collection or illumination of sunlight can be achieved without the need to install a sun tracking device. Since the symmetrical reflection surfaces BG and CF of the light incident angle modulation cavity are designed with an inclination angle δ1, the light within the range of AB and CD on both sides of the upper part of the cavity cannot enter the focusing unit. This position is used to reasonably install solar photovoltaic panels, realizing the comprehensive and efficient utilization of light energy within the range of sunlight exposure.

[0014] The utility model updates the relatively complex, bulky and expensive sun-tracking system commonly used in the prior art with a relatively simple and reliable optical system, greatly reducing the construction, installation, operation and maintenance costs of the concentrated light field. The materials and manufacturing processing techniques and technologies used in the utility model are highly mature and easy to implement, and are economical, safe, reliable and practical. At the same time, the utility model can form a variety of effective combinations with relatively mature photovoltaic technology, photothermal technology, and optical waveguide lighting technology, and can adapt to various concentrated light fields from low to high magnifications and from small to large. It can be widely used in the fields of solar concentration and heat collection, lighting, power generation, etc., and has a wide range of application scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a tracking-free focusing unit and photovoltaic power generation combination structure;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the light path for a larger range of light incident angle changes;

[0017] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the light path for normal incident sunlight or a small incident angle;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a tracking-free focusing unit and photovoltaic power generation combined structure array. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0020] According to the movement law of the sun relative to the earth, the spring equinox and autumnal equinox are located at 0° of the celestial equator, the summer solstice is located at 23.5°, and the winter solstice is located at -23.5°, and the cycle repeats from spring equinox to summer solstice to autumnal equinox to winter solstice. If the optical center line O of the focusing unit (100) is installed facing the celestial equator at 0°, the solar altitude angle in the north-south direction changes within the range of ±23.5° every year, and the azimuth angle α from east to west of the sun received every day changes within the range of ±23.5°. s The change range is ±90°. According to the longitude and latitude of the installation site, the changing trajectory of sunlight can be accurately calculated. Therefore, the azimuth angle α in the east-west direction during the movement of the sun can be calculated. s The modulation design is carried out within a large angle variation range (for example, from an incident angle of ±80° to ±30°), while taking into account the change of the solar altitude angle of ±23.5° in the north-south direction, so that the light incident on the surface of the focusing lens (200) is controlled to change within a smaller three-dimensional spatial angle (for example, ±30°), so that the light focused by the focusing lens (200) can be efficiently and reliably introduced into the secondary focusing homogenizer (300) and reflected again to converge on the effective receiving area of ​​the focusing collector (500), thereby achieving the purpose of tracking-free focusing and heat collection.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, a tracking-free focusing unit and photovoltaic power generation combined structure is provided, wherein the tracking-free focusing unit is formed by a light incident angle modulation cavity (100), a focusing lens (200), and a secondary focusing homogenizer (300); photovoltaic power generation panels (400) are installed at the upper two sides AB and CD of the light incident angle modulation cavity (100), and a focusing collector (500) is installed at the light convergence position at the bottom of the focusing unit, thereby forming a tracking-free focusing collector and photovoltaic power generation combined structure in an integrated manner.

[0022] The light incident angle modulation cavity (100) is composed of a group of symmetrical reflection surfaces BG and CF with an inclination angle of δ1, a height of h1, and a BC spacing of d; the condensing lens (200) is an optical lens with a focal length of f (such as a Fresnel lens or a condensing lens of other shapes), and is located at the lower part of the light incident angle modulation cavity BCEF; the secondary focusing homogenizer (300) is a device for re-reflecting, converging, and homogenizing the light focused by the condensing lens (200); JK and IL are both reflection surfaces with an inclination angle of γ and a height of h2, and are located below the condensing lens (200).

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the inclination angle δ1, BC spacing d, and height h1 of the light incident angle modulation cavity (100) satisfy the following conditions: the maximum light incident angle variation range α generated during the movement of sunlight from east to west is s Modulation to the required relatively small range of light incident angle variation β s(For example, when δ1=25°, the incident beam with an incident range of ±80° is modulated to ±30°), thereby achieving s The change angle of the incident light beam incident on the surface of the focusing lens (200) after passing through the modulation cavity (100) at a large angle within the range is controlled to be a small angle β s The conditions satisfied by the inclination angle γ between the reflection surface JK and IL, the height h2, and the width of JI of the secondary focusing and homogenizing device (300) are: the range of the incident angle accepted by the focusing lens (200) is β s All the emitted light rays are reflected and converged to the concentrating thermal collector (500).

[0024] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown, when sunlight is incident or the incident angle of light changes from 0° to ≤δ1, all light rays are directly incident on the upper surface of the condenser lens (200). At this time, the angle of light rays incident on the upper surface of the condenser lens (200) changes within a range of 0° to δ1.

[0025] The focusing heat collector (500) installed below the tracking-free focusing unit is converted into a light-conducting lighting receiver, thereby forming a combined structure of tracking-free focusing lighting and photovoltaic power generation.

[0026] like Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of the above-mentioned combined structures are connected and arranged in an orderly manner to form a tracking-free concentrated heat collection or concentrated lighting and photovoltaic power generation combined structure array.

[0027] The above description is only a specific description of the structure of the utility model, and does not limit the scope of the utility model. Without departing from the design spirit of the utility model, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the utility model by technicians in this field should fall within the protection scope determined by the utility model.

Claims

1. A tracking-free focusing unit and photovoltaic power generation combined structure, characterized in that: A tracking-free focusing unit is formed by a light incident angle modulation cavity (100), a focusing lens (200), and a secondary focusing homogenizer (300); photovoltaic power generation panels (400) are installed on both sides of the upper part of the light incident angle modulation cavity (100); a focusing collector (500) or a light guide lighting receiver is installed at the light convergence position of the lower part of the focusing unit, and a tracking-free focusing collector and photovoltaic power generation combined structure is formed in an integrated manner; the light incident angle modulation cavity (100) is composed of a group of symmetrical reflection surfaces with inclined angles; the focusing lens (200) is located at the lower part of the light incident angle modulation cavity (100); the secondary focusing homogenizer (300) is a device for re-reflecting, converging and homogenizing the light focused by the focusing lens (200), and is located below the focusing lens (200), and its two side walls are reflection surfaces with inclined angles.

2. The tracking-free focusing unit and photovoltaic power generation combined structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conditions that the inclination angle, spacing and height of the reflection surfaces of the light incident angle modulation cavity (100) meet are: the range of variation of the incident angle of the inclined light generated when the sunlight moves from east to west is α s Modulation to the required relatively small range of light incident angle variation β s , so as to achieve s The change angle of the incident light beam incident on the surface of the focusing lens (200) after passing through the modulation cavity (100) at a large angle within the range is controlled to be a small angle β s The inclination angle, height and width of the reflecting surface of the secondary focusing homogenizer (300) satisfy the following conditions: the incident angle variation range accepted by the focusing lens (200) is β s The outgoing light is converged to the focusing heat collector (500) or the light guide lighting receiver through the reflecting surface.

3. The tracking-free focusing unit and photovoltaic power generation combined structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condenser lens (200) is a Fresnel lens.

4. The tracking-free focusing unit and photovoltaic power generation combined structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tracking-free focusing units are connected and arranged in a plurality in an orderly manner to form a tracking-free focusing heat collection or focusing lighting and photovoltaic power generation combined structure array.

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