Hydrocracking reactor

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogenation reactors, in particular to a hydrocracking reactor which comprises a reaction tank, a gas inlet pipe is vertically arranged in the reaction tank, the lower end of the gas inlet pipe is closed, the upper end of the gas inlet pipe penetrates out of the reaction tank and is rotatably connected and communicated with a gas conveying pipe through a sealing bearing, and the gas conveying pipe is communicated with a hydrogen gas source. The gas inlet pipe is rotationally connected with the reaction tank through a sealing bearing; the lower portion of the air inlet pipe is evenly communicated with a plurality of transverse pipes with the lengths decreasing in sequence in the circumferential direction, the outer ends of the transverse pipes are perpendicularly connected with vertical pipes with the two ends closed, the vertical pipes are provided with nozzles communicated with the interior in the height direction, and the air inlet pipe is driven by a driving device to rotate along the axis of the air inlet pipe. According to the application, the spraying position of hydrogen in the reaction tank can be increased through the gas inlet pipe, the transverse pipe and the vertical pipe which are different in length and the manner that the vertical pipe rotates along the gas inlet pipe when the gas inlet pipe rotates, so that the contact area of the hydrogen and a catalyst is increased, and the catalytic effect and the conversion effect of the hydrogen are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of hydrogenation reactors, in particular to a hydrocracking reactor. Background Art

[0002] Hydrocracking technology is an important technology for deep processing of crude oil. It is also the only means to directly produce high-quality chemical raw materials when the raw materials are light. In recent years, hydrocracking technology has become a bridge technology for modern refining enterprises. Hydrocracking is a process in which hydrogen is used by catalysts to hydrogenate, crack and isomerize heavy oil under high pressure and temperature during the refining process of petroleum, and then converted into light oil (gasoline, kerosene, diesel, or raw materials for catalytic cracking and cracking to produce olefins).

[0003] Among them, heavy oil undergoes hydrogenation, cracking and isomerization reactions in the reactor. When hydrogenating the reactor, the existing method is to directly introduce hydrogen into the tank body. Due to the low density of hydrogen, the hydrogen is mainly suspended in the upper part of the tank body, resulting in a small amount of reaction with the catalyst in the tank body, resulting in poor conversion effect. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model provides a hydrocracking reactor to solve the defects in the prior art.

[0005] The utility model is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A hydrocracking reactor comprises a reaction tank, wherein an air inlet pipe is vertically arranged in the reaction tank, the lower end of the air inlet pipe is closed, and the upper end passes through the reaction tank and is rotatably connected and communicated with a conveying air pipe through a sealed bearing, the conveying air pipe is communicated with a hydrogen gas source, and the air inlet pipe is rotatably connected to the reaction tank through a sealed bearing; the lower part of the air inlet pipe is evenly connected with a plurality of horizontal pipes of decreasing lengths along its circumference, the outer end of the horizontal pipe is vertically connected with a vertical pipe with both ends closed, the vertical pipe is provided with a nozzle communicated with the interior along its height direction, and the air inlet pipe is driven to rotate along its axis by a driving device.

[0007] When the present application is in use, hydrogen is pressed into the delivery pipe through the hydrogen gas source and enters the intake pipe through the delivery pipe, is dispersed into each horizontal pipe through the intake pipe, enters the vertical pipe through the horizontal pipe, is sprayed out through the nozzle on the vertical pipe, and thus sprayed into the reaction tank. Among them, since the horizontal pipe is located at the lower part of the intake pipe, the nozzle is arranged along the height direction of the vertical pipe, and the length of the horizontal pipe is different. Therefore, when the intake pipe rotates, the hydrogen is distributed along each height of the reactor and from the outside to the inside, which can increase the contact between hydrogen and the catalyst, thereby increasing the reaction, thereby improving the conversion effect.

[0008] Preferably, the nozzles are arranged at equal intervals on the vertical pipe and the nozzles on the four vertical pipes are arranged downward in a spiral shape along the circumference of the air inlet pipe. Since the nozzles rotate along the axis of the air outlet pipe following the vertical pipe, the nozzles arranged downward in a spiral shape along the circumference of the air inlet pipe can fill the gap between the upper and lower nozzles on the same vertical pipe through the nozzles on the remaining three vertical pipes.

[0009] Preferably, the driving device comprises a driving motor fixedly arranged on the top surface of the reaction tank, the rotating shaft of the driving motor is vertically connected with a driving gear, and a driven gear meshing with the driving gear is sleeved on the air inlet pipe. The rotation of the rotating shaft of the driving motor drives the rotation of the driving gear, the rotation of the driving gear drives the rotation of the driven gear, and the rotation of the driven gear drives the rotation of the air inlet pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the air inlet of the air delivery pipe is connected to the air outlet of the heat exchanger, and the air inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the hydrogen gas source. The heat exchanger can heat the hydrogen, so that the hydrogen and the catalyst can react better.

[0011] Preferably, the gas delivery pipe is further provided with an air pump, the air inlet of the air pump is connected to the gas outlet of the heat exchanger, and the air outlet of the air pump is connected to the gas delivery pipe. The air pump can facilitate the hydrogen to be better ejected from the nozzle.

[0012] Preferably, the air delivery pipe is wrapped with a thermal insulation layer, and the upper end of the air inlet pipe passes through the thermal insulation layer and communicates with the air delivery pipe. The thermal insulation layer can reduce the heat dissipation of hydrogen on the air delivery pipe, thereby achieving a better thermal insulation effect.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: by using the present application, the hydrogen spraying position in the reaction tank can be increased by means of an intake pipe, horizontal pipes and vertical pipes of different lengths and the vertical pipe rotating along the intake pipe when the intake pipe rotates, thereby increasing the contact area between hydrogen and the catalyst, thereby improving its catalytic effect and improving its conversion effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of cross pipes on the intake pipe.

[0017] As shown in the figure:

[0018] 1. Inlet pipe, 2. Air delivery pipe, 3. Horizontal pipe, 4. Vertical pipe, 5. Nozzle, 6. Driving motor, 7. Driving gear, 8. Driven gear, 9. Heat exchanger, 10. Air pump, 11. Reactor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0020] A hydrocracking reactor, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 It comprises a reaction tank 11, in which an air inlet pipe 1 is vertically arranged, the lower end of the air inlet pipe 1 is closed, and the upper end passes through the reaction tank 11 and is rotatably connected and communicated with a delivery air pipe 2 through a sealed bearing, the delivery air pipe 2 is communicated with a hydrogen gas source, an air pump 10 is also arranged on the delivery air pipe 2, the air inlet of the air pump 10 is communicated with the hydrogen gas source, the air outlet of the air pump 10 is communicated with the delivery air pipe 2, the delivery air pipe 2 is communicated with the air inlet pipe 1, and the air inlet pipe 1 is rotatably connected with the reaction tank 11 through a sealed bearing The lower part of the air intake pipe 1 is evenly connected with several horizontal pipes 3 of decreasing lengths along its circumference. The outer ends of the horizontal pipes 3 are vertically connected with vertical pipes 4 with closed ends. The vertical pipes 4 are provided with nozzles 5 communicating with the inside along their height direction. The air intake pipe 1 is driven by a driving device to rotate along its axis. The driving device includes a driving motor 6 fixedly arranged on the top surface of the reaction tank 11. The rotating shaft of the driving motor 6 is vertically connected with a driving gear 7. The air intake pipe 1 is sleeved with a driven gear 8 meshing with the driving gear 7. A connecting rod is also fixedly connected between the air intake pipe 1 and the vertical pipe 4. The connecting rod is located at the upper part of the vertical pipe 4, thereby increasing the connection stability between the air intake pipe 1 and the vertical pipe 4.

[0021] The intake pipe 1 and the delivery air pipe 2 are rotatably connected in such a way that a through hole is opened on the bottom surface of the delivery air pipe 2, a sealed bearing is arranged in the through hole, and the inner wall of the through hole fits and is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sealed bearing and the connection is sealed, and the intake pipe 1 penetrates into the sealed bearing and fits and is fixedly connected to the sealed bearing in a sealed manner.

[0022] The rotational connection between the air intake pipe 1 and the reaction tank 11 is that a through hole is opened on the top surface of the reaction tank 11, a sealed bearing is arranged in the through hole, and the inner wall of the through hole is fitted with and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sealed bearing and the connection is sealed, and the air intake pipe 1 penetrates into the sealed bearing and is fitted with and sealed and fixedly connected to the sealed bearing.

[0023] When the present application is in use, hydrogen is pressed into the delivery pipe 2 through the hydrogen gas source and enters the intake pipe 1 through the delivery pipe 2, is dispersed into each transverse pipe 3 through the intake pipe 1, enters the vertical pipe 4 through the transverse pipe 3, and is sprayed out through the nozzle 5 on the vertical pipe 4, thereby spraying into the reaction tank 11, wherein, since the transverse pipe 3 is located at the lower part of the intake pipe 1, the nozzle 5 is arranged along the height direction of the vertical pipe 4, and the length of the transverse pipe 3 is different. The transverse pipe 3 has different lengths, which can ensure that the nozzle 5 sprays to different positions on the transverse plane when following the rotation of the intake pipe 1, and the nozzle 5 is distributed along the height of the vertical pipe 4, which can ensure that the nozzle 5 sprays to different ends in the vertical direction, therefore, when the intake pipe 1 rotates, the hydrogen is distributed along each height of the reactor and from the outside to the inside, thereby increasing the contact between the hydrogen and the catalyst, thereby increasing the reaction, thereby improving the conversion effect.

[0024] When the air intake pipe 1 rotates, the rotation of the rotating shaft of the driving motor 6 drives the driving gear 7 to rotate, the rotation of the driving gear 7 drives the rotation of the driven gear 8, and the rotation of the driven gear 8 drives the rotation of the air intake pipe 1.

[0025] The air pump 10 can facilitate the hydrogen to be sprayed out from the nozzle 5 better.

[0026] Since there is a distance between the two nozzles 5 on the same vertical pipe 4, no hydrogen is sprayed into the position between the two nozzles 5. Therefore, the nozzles 5 are arranged at equal intervals on the vertical pipe 4 and the nozzles 5 on the four vertical pipes 4 are arranged downward in a spiral shape along the circumference of the air inlet pipe 1. Since the nozzles 5 rotate along the axis of the air outlet pipe following the vertical pipe 4, the nozzles 5 arranged downward in a spiral shape along the circumference of the air inlet pipe 1 can make up for the gap between the upper and lower nozzles 5 on the same vertical pipe 4 through the nozzles 5 on the other three vertical pipes 4.

[0027] The air inlet of the air delivery pipe 2 is connected to the air outlet of the air pump 10, the air inlet of the air pump 10 is connected to the air outlet of the heat exchanger 9, and the air inlet of the heat exchanger 9 is connected to the hydrogen gas source. The heat exchanger 9 can heat the hydrogen, so that the hydrogen and the catalyst can react better.

[0028] The gas delivery pipe 2 is wrapped with a heat preservation layer, and the upper end of the air inlet pipe 1 passes through the heat preservation layer and communicates with the gas delivery pipe 2. The heat preservation layer can reduce the heat dissipation of hydrogen on the gas delivery pipe 2, thereby achieving a better heat preservation effect.

[0029] The use of the present application can increase the hydrogen spraying position in the reaction tank 11 by means of the intake pipe 1, the horizontal pipes 3 and the vertical pipes 4 of different lengths and the vertical pipes 4 rotating along the intake pipe 1 when the intake pipe 1 rotates, thereby increasing the contact area between the hydrogen and the catalyst, thereby improving its catalytic effect and improving its conversion effect.

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A hydrocracking reactor, characterized in that: It comprises a reaction tank, in which an air inlet pipe is vertically arranged, the lower end of the air inlet pipe is closed, and the upper end passes through the reaction tank and is rotatably connected and communicated with a delivery air pipe through a sealed bearing, the delivery air pipe is communicated with a hydrogen gas source, and the air inlet pipe is rotatably connected with the reaction tank through a sealed bearing; the lower part of the air inlet pipe is evenly connected with a plurality of transverse pipes of decreasing lengths along its circumference, the outer end of the transverse pipe is vertically connected with a vertical pipe with closed two ends, the vertical pipe is provided with a nozzle communicated with the inside along its height direction, and the air inlet pipe is driven to rotate along its axis by a driving device.

2. The hydrocracking reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzles are arranged at equal intervals on the vertical pipes, and the nozzles on the four vertical pipes are arranged downward in a spiral shape along the circumference of the air inlet pipe.

3. The hydrocracking reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving device comprises a driving motor fixedly arranged on the top surface of the reaction tank, a rotating shaft of the driving motor is vertically connected with a driving gear, and a driven gear meshing with the driving gear is sleeved on the air inlet pipe.

4. The hydrocracking reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air inlet end of the air delivery pipe is connected to the air outlet end of the heat exchanger, and the air inlet end of the heat exchanger is connected to the hydrogen gas source.

5. The hydrocracking reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air delivery pipe is wrapped with a heat preservation layer, and the upper end of the air inlet pipe passes through the heat preservation layer and communicates with the air delivery pipe.

6. The hydrocracking reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air pump is also arranged on the air delivery pipe, the air inlet of the air pump is communicated with the air outlet of the heat exchanger, and the air outlet of the air pump is communicated with the air delivery pipe.

Images