Hydraulic jet drill bit

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydraulic jet drill bit which comprises a jet drill bit body, and the jet drill bit body comprises a conical drill bit part, a drill body part and a mounting part. The hydraulic jet drill bit further comprises a plurality of nozzle structures assembled and connected to the drill body part. The nozzle assembly comprises a nozzle opening formed in the drill body part, a nozzle assembly is assembled and connected to the nozzle opening, the nozzle assembly comprises a nozzle assembled in the nozzle opening, and a nozzle cavity communicated with the nozzle opening is formed in the nozzle; the nozzle cavity comprises a main cavity part, a water hole cavity part is integrally formed in the main cavity part, and an arc-shaped cavity top part is integrally formed on the shoulder part of the main cavity part; the nozzle kit further comprises a nozzle gland in threaded connection with the interior of the nozzle opening. The hydraulic jet drill bit further comprises a plurality of reinforcing structures arranged on the drill bit part. By means of the structure, in the coal extraction process, high-pressure water is sprayed in a stable mode to form the water jet cutter, the coal extraction radius is increased, and the coal extraction effect is improved. According to the design, the high-pressure water resistance of the nozzle is greatly improved, and long-time stable coal extraction operation can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of hydraulic drill bits, in particular to a hydraulic jet drill bit. Background Art

[0002] In the development of coalbed methane in soft and low-permeability coal seams, coal digging is an important step in the construction of cluster wells on the ground to quickly reduce gas pressure and achieve gas control. Coal digging is to repeatedly use special underground tools or other power means to collapse the underground coal seam, and carry the collapsed coal and rock debris to the wellhead; a cave several times (dozens of times) larger than the well diameter is formed in the coal seam section, thereby achieving maximum connectivity between the coal seam and the wellbore, increasing the effective radius of the wellbore, and maximizing the release of coal-rock gas.

[0003] Coal mining projects are mostly carried out by mechanical expansion and coal mining, and the coal seam is continuously moved by a high-speed rotating drill bit. However, the effective coal mining surface of the conventional drill bit is too narrow, and the coal seam cannot be collapsed over a large area during the coal mining process. As a result, in actual work, it is necessary to install an auxiliary device on the drill bit to increase the coal mining radius, such as installing an upper arm knife on the drill bit.

[0004] However, the disadvantages of this method are also very obvious. It is difficult for the drill bit to go into the coal seam, especially when the soil structure is relatively hard, and construction is very difficult. Utility Model Content

[0005] Based on the above background, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a hydraulic jet drill bit.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A hydraulic jet drill bit comprises a jet drill bit body, wherein the jet drill bit body comprises a conical drill head portion, a drill body portion integrally formed with the drill head portion, and a mounting portion integrally formed on the drill body portion;

[0008] The hydraulic jet drill bit also includes a plurality of nozzle structures assembled and connected to the drill body;

[0009] The nozzle structure comprises a nozzle opening opened on the drill body, the nozzle opening is equipped with a nozzle kit, the nozzle kit comprises a nozzle installed in the nozzle opening, and the nozzle is provided with a nozzle cavity connected to the nozzle opening;

[0010] The nozzle cavity comprises a main cavity portion, the main cavity portion is integrally formed with a water eye cavity portion, and the shoulder portion of the main cavity portion is integrally formed with an arc-shaped cavity top portion;

[0011] The nozzle kit also includes a nozzle gland threadedly connected within the nozzle opening;

[0012] Positioning the nozzle via the nozzle gland;

[0013] The water jet drill bit also includes a plurality of reinforcing structures arranged on the drill head portion.

[0014] Preferably, the radius of the top of the arc-shaped cavity is 10 mm.

[0015] Preferably, two nozzle openings are distributed on the drill body;

[0016] The nozzle openings are located at the top and bottom of the drill body.

[0017] Preferably, the nozzle is made of alloy material, and the hardness of the nozzle is 91 in Rockwell hardness.

[0018] Preferably, the top and the bottom of the drill body are respectively provided with groove structures, and the nozzle opening is located in the groove.

[0019] Preferably, the reinforcement structure comprises an alloy welding groove formed on the drill head, and a wear-resistant alloy material is welded on the alloy welding groove.

[0020] Preferably, the drill head is provided with three equidistantly distributed alloy welding grooves.

[0021] Preferably, a water guide groove is provided on the side of the drill head.

[0022] Preferably, the cavity diameter of the main cavity is 29 mm, and the cavity diameter of the water eye cavity is 13 mm.

[0023] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The nozzle is designed such that the nozzle cavity includes a main cavity portion, the main cavity portion is integrally formed with a water eye cavity portion, and the shoulder portion of the main cavity portion is integrally formed with an arc-shaped cavity top portion. Specifically, the shoulder portion of the main cavity portion is designed to be an arc-shaped structure in order to increase the stability of the nozzle. When high-pressure water impacts the nozzle cavity, the arc-shaped cavity top portion has a greater impact resistance (the arc-shaped structure has a greater surface tension, which can eliminate the stress of high-pressure water). Therefore, this structural method greatly improves the stability of the nozzle, and avoids the nozzle spraying high-pressure water for a long time, resulting in defects such as easy deformation and breakage of the water spray.

[0025] 2. The nozzle cover can be used to easily replace and protect the nozzle.

[0026] 3. During the working process, the high-speed rotating jet drill body sprays high-pressure water from both sides, and the high-pressure water forms a water knife, which then increases the coal digging radius during the coal digging process. Due to the use of a highly stable nozzle, it can spray high-pressure water for a long time without the nozzle deforming. The nozzle gland is used to protect the nozzle and facilitate the disassembly and replacement of the nozzle, which greatly improves the practicality of the entire drill bit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 For the utility model embodiment Figure 1 Right view in;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution position relationship structure of the nozzle openings in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the reinforcement structure in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nozzle in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nozzle gland in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0034] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the utility model will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0036] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0037] In addition, in the present utility model, descriptions such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present utility model.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] like Figure 1-6 As shown, a hydraulic jet drill bit includes a jet drill bit body (made of 35CrMo, Brinell hardness 229, and a thread type of NC38 (3 1 / 2IF) oil drill pipe male thread), the jet drill bit body includes a conical drill head 2, a drill body 1 integrally formed with the drill head 2, and a mounting portion 3 integrally formed on the drill body 1. The mounting portion 3 is mounted on the drill pipe in the same manner as the conventional drill bit and drill pipe.

[0040] The hydraulic jet drill bit also includes two nozzle structures assembled and connected to the drill body 1 (specifically, two nozzle structures are distributed on the drill body 1, located at the top and bottom); the nozzle structures each include a nozzle opening opened on the drill body 1 (the nozzle opening is located at the top and bottom of the drill body 1). The position of the nozzle opening is: a groove structure is opened at the top and bottom of the drill body 1, respectively, and the nozzle opening is located in the groove.

[0041] According to the existing conventional method, a flow channel connected to the nozzle opening is opened on the jet drill body (the specific flow channel opening method is the same as the existing water drill. When the jet drill body is installed on the drill rod, high-pressure water is introduced to achieve high-pressure water spraying out from the nozzle opening through the flow channel in the drill bit).

[0042] The nozzle opening is connected with a nozzle set 4, which includes a nozzle 42 installed in the nozzle opening (the nozzle 42 is lined in the nozzle 42 opening of a shape-matched shape), and a nozzle 42 cavity connected to the nozzle 42 opening is opened on the nozzle 42. The nozzle 42 is made of a hard and wear-resistant alloy material, and the hardness of the nozzle 42 is Rockwell hardness 91.

[0043] In order to realize the jetting of high-pressure water to form a water jet, the nozzle 42 cavity is designed to have the following high stability structure:

[0044] The cavity of the nozzle 42 includes a main cavity 421 (the main cavity 421 is a columnar structure, and the cavity diameter of the main cavity 421 is 29 mm), the main cavity 421 is integrally formed with a water eye cavity 4212 (the water eye cavity 4212 is a columnar structure, and the cavity diameter of the water eye cavity 4212 is 13 mm), and the shoulder of the main cavity 421 is integrally formed with an arc-shaped cavity top 4211 (the radius of the arc-shaped cavity top 4211 is 10 mm). Specifically, the shoulder of the main cavity 421 is designed as an arc structure in order to increase the stability of the nozzle 42. When high-pressure water impacts the cavity of the nozzle 42, the arc-shaped cavity top 4211 has a greater impact resistance (the arc structure has a greater surface tension, which can eliminate the stress of high-pressure water). Therefore, this structural method greatly improves the stability of the nozzle 42, and avoids the nozzle 42 from spraying high-pressure water for a long time, resulting in defects such as easy deformation and breakage of the water spray.

[0045] In order to facilitate the replacement of the nozzle 42 , for example, when the jet drill body is damaged, the nozzle 42 kit 4 further includes a nozzle gland 41 threadedly connected to the nozzle 42 opening; the nozzle 42 is positioned by the nozzle gland 41 .

[0046] Specifically, the outer wall of the nozzle cover 41 is provided with a threaded structure, and correspondingly, the inner wall of the nozzle 42 is provided with an adaptable threaded structure, and the nozzle 42 is pressed and positioned by threading the nozzle cover 41 to the nozzle 42.

[0047] During operation, the high-speed rotating jet drill body sprays high-pressure water from both sides, and the high-pressure water forms a water knife, thereby increasing the coal digging radius during the coal digging process. Since the nozzle 42 with high stability is adopted, the high-pressure water can be sprayed for a long time, and the nozzle 42 will not be deformed. The nozzle pressure cap 41 is adopted to protect the nozzle 42, and the nozzle pressure cap 41 is convenient to disassemble and replace the nozzle 42, which greatly improves the practicality of the entire drill bit.

[0048] A water guide groove 11 is provided on the side of the drill head 2. The purpose of the water guide groove 11 is to guide the water flow to fully wet the drill bit when low-speed water spraying is required to cool the drill bit.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] like Figure 1-6 As shown, based on the structure of Example 1, in order to improve the stability of the drill bit and avoid deformation and excessive wear of the drill head 2 due to long-term wear during operation, the above-mentioned hydraulic jet drill bit also includes a plurality of reinforcing structures arranged on the drill head 2.

[0051] Specifically, the reinforcement structure includes an alloy welding groove 5 (specifically, three equally spaced alloy welding grooves 5 are provided on the drill head 2), and a wear-resistant alloy material is welded on the alloy welding groove 5. Specifically, the welding material is welded along the groove length direction of the alloy welding groove 5 in accordance with the existing method. After the alloy material is welded, a row of alloy reinforcement parts are formed on the alloy welding groove 5. The alloy reinforcement parts with high hardness first contact with hard materials such as ore during the drilling process. Due to their high hardness and high wear resistance, they can greatly avoid the defect of easy deformation of naked drill bits and greatly improve the service life of the drill bits.

[0052] Embodiment 3 Coal digging method

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, the hole-making and coal-digging engineering is divided into mechanical hole-expanding and coal-digging, high-pressure water jet cutting and coal-digging, and drainage and pressure-releasing agitation hole-expanding and coal-digging.

[0054] (1) First, mechanical reaming of Φ350mm and Φ500mm is used to gradually expand the hole to 500mm;

[0055] (2) Then, the hydraulic jet drill bit disclosed in the utility model is used to perform high-pressure water jet cutting and coal excavation process to expand the hole to 800-1000 mm;

[0056] (3) Use Φ1200mm and Φ1500mm mechanical hole expansion to gradually expand the hole to 1500mm. Finally, use drainage and pressure release agitation hole expansion technology to continue to dig out coal, and dig as much coal as possible to the ground. It is expected that the borehole will be expanded to Φ1600~1800mm.

[0057] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic jet drill bit, characterized in that: The jet drill bit body comprises a conical drill head, a drill body portion integrally formed with the drill head, and a mounting portion integrally formed on the drill body portion; The hydraulic jet drill bit also includes a plurality of nozzle structures assembled and connected to the drill body; The nozzle structure comprises a nozzle opening opened on the drill body, the nozzle opening is connected with a nozzle kit, the nozzle kit comprises a nozzle installed in the nozzle opening, and the nozzle is provided with a nozzle cavity connected with the nozzle opening; The nozzle cavity comprises a main cavity portion, the main cavity portion is integrally formed with a water eye cavity portion, and the shoulder portion of the main cavity portion is integrally formed with an arc-shaped cavity top portion; The nozzle kit also includes a nozzle gland threadedly connected within the nozzle opening; Positioning the nozzle via the nozzle gland; The water jet drill bit also includes a plurality of reinforcing structures arranged on the drill head portion.

2. The water jet drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radius of the top of the arc-shaped cavity is 10 mm.

3. The water jet drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two nozzle openings are distributed on the drill body; The nozzle openings are located at the top and bottom of the drill body.

4. The water jet drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle is made of alloy material, and the hardness of the nozzle is Rockwell hardness 91.

5. The water jet drill bit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top and the bottom of the drill body are respectively provided with groove structures, and the nozzle opening is located in the groove.

6. The water jet drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcement structures all include alloy welding grooves formed on the drill head, and wear-resistant alloy material is welded on the alloy welding grooves.

7. The water jet drill bit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drill head is provided with three alloy welding grooves which are distributed at equal distances.

8. The water jet drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water guide groove is provided on the side surface of the drill head.

9. The water jet drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity diameter of the main cavity is 29 mm, and the cavity diameter of the water eye cavity is 13 mm.

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