Photovoltaic power generation device based on sky radiation refrigeration and hydrogel

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic power generation device based on sky radiation refrigeration and hydrogel, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation devices. Comprising a plurality of refrigeration and power generation assemblies and a multi-angle rotating supporting frame, and each refrigeration and power generation assembly comprises a sky radiation refrigeration film, a photovoltaic panel, foamy copper and a hydrogel material; the sky radiation refrigeration film is arranged on the front surface of the photovoltaic panel; and the foamy copper and the hydrogel are coupled and then arranged on the back surface of the photovoltaic panel. According to the utility model, through the radiation heat dissipation of the sky radiation refrigeration film and the spontaneous perspiration effect of the hydrogel, the photovoltaic panel obtains enough cooling capacity, the cooling of the photovoltaic panel is realized, in addition, the preparation process of the related material is simple, the economic benefit is good, the multi-angle rotation support frame is matched, the installation cost is low, and the application range is wide. The problems that in the prior art, the cooling effect is poor, the cooling cost is high, and large-scale use is difficult are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation devices, in particular to a photovoltaic power generation device utilizing sky radiation cooling and hydrogel "spontaneous sweating". Background Art

[0002] When working, solar photovoltaic panels will generate a lot of waste heat, making the temperature of solar photovoltaic panels 40℃ higher than the ambient temperature. For uncooled photovoltaic panels, the operating temperature is usually 60~80℃. The operating temperature of photovoltaic panels is one of the important factors affecting their performance and life. For every 1℃ increase in the temperature of solar photovoltaic panels, the efficiency will decrease by about 0.45%~0.65%, and the aging rate will increase by 0.1 times, which will seriously affect the performance and life of photovoltaic panels. The ideal operating temperature can improve the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic panels while reducing the damage to the battery caused by the temperature increase. Therefore, effective and multifunctional cooling of photovoltaic panels is very important for the effective and long-term power generation of existing and future solar power plants.

[0003] There are various cooling methods for photovoltaic panels nowadays, but the current research on photovoltaic panel cooling technology has not seen practical application. The main reasons are high cost, poor stability of cooling system performance, and the improvement of power generation and power generation efficiency still cannot meet the needs of actual projects. At present, there are few photovoltaic power generation devices that use sky radiation cooling and hydrogel "spontaneous sweating" coupling cooling at home and abroad, and the devices are not simple enough. For this reason, a photovoltaic power generation device based on sky radiation cooling and hydrogel "spontaneous sweating" with a simple structure is designed in combination with the above, creating a new photovoltaic panel cooling and efficiency enhancement method, maximizing the double-sided cooling of photovoltaic panels and improving the performance of photovoltaic panels, which has practical significance and good application prospects. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model provides a photovoltaic power generation device based on sky radiation cooling and hydrogel "spontaneous sweating", which is used to solve the problems in the prior art of high cooling cost, poor performance stability of the cooling system, and the inability of the power generation power and power generation efficiency improvement effect to meet the needs of actual projects.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the utility model is:

[0006] A photovoltaic power generation device based on sky radiation cooling and hydrogel "spontaneous sweating" includes a plurality of cooling and power generation components and a multi-angle rotating support frame. The cooling and power generation components are installed on the multi-angle rotating support frame. The cooling and power generation components include a sky radiation cooling film, a photovoltaic panel, a hydrogel material, and a copper foam. The sky radiation cooling film is attached to the front surface of the photovoltaic panel by its own viscosity, and the sky radiation cooling film is used to reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic panel by daytime sky radiation cooling. The hydrogel material is coupled with the copper foam and attached to the back of the photovoltaic panel. The hydrogel material is used to absorb water vapor in the air at night, and the hydrogel material absorbs the heat energy generated by the photovoltaic panel during the day to evaporate and desorb water, thereby reducing the temperature of the photovoltaic panel. The copper foam has good thermal conductivity and can enhance the heat transfer between the photovoltaic panel and the hydrogel material.

[0007] Preferably, the photovoltaic power generation device also includes a reverse osmosis membrane and a wire mesh. The reverse osmosis membrane is laid on the lower side of the copper foam coupled with the hydrogel material, and the wire mesh is arranged on the lower side of the reverse osmosis membrane and installed on the multi-angle rotating support frame. The reverse osmosis membrane only allows water molecules to enter and exit, ensuring the purity of the hydrogel material and preventing the performance of the hydrogel material from being affected by the entry and exit of impurities in the surrounding environment. The hydrogel material coupled with the copper foam is attached to the back of the photovoltaic panel by its own viscosity. The wire mesh is arranged on the lower side of the reverse osmosis membrane. Because the viscosity of the hydrogel material will be relatively weakened when it is working, the copper foam coupled with the hydrogel material is not enough to rely on the viscosity of the hydrogel material to attach to the back of the photovoltaic panel, so the wire mesh plays a role in supporting the hydrogel material and the copper foam.

[0008] Preferably, the hydrogel material is embedded in the internal pores of the copper foam. The copper foam has more pores. Embedding the hydrogel material in the pores of the copper foam in an ultrasonic environment for 0.5h can not only make more hydrogel material attached to the back of the photovoltaic panel, but also provide support for the hydrogel material.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are:

[0010] 1. The utility model couples the hydrogel material with the foam copper. The foam copper has good thermal conductivity, which can strengthen the heat transfer between the photovoltaic panel and the hydrogel material, enhance the cooling performance of the hydrogel material, and effectively reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic panel.

[0011] 2. The photovoltaic power generation device based on sky radiation cooling and hydrogel "spontaneous sweating" provided by the utility model has working states divided into daytime working state and nighttime working state. In the nighttime working state, the hydrogel material has good hygroscopicity, and the hydrogel material absorbs water vapor in the air, providing conditions for the daytime working state. In the daytime working state, the sky radiation cooling film can reduce the reflectivity of the photovoltaic panel surface and increase the emissivity of some bands, thereby enhancing the heat transfer between the photovoltaic panel and the sky; at the same time, the hydrogel material absorbs the heat energy generated when the photovoltaic panel is working, and when enough heat energy is absorbed, water evaporates and desorbs from the hydrogel material. The cooling method of the utility model has good stability, can effectively reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic panel when it is working, and does not need to be matched with other additional accessories, has low cooling cost, and can adjust the overall angle of the device according to actual conditions, effectively solving the problems of high cooling cost, poor stability of cooling system performance, and power generation and power generation efficiency improvement effects in the prior art that cannot meet the needs of actual projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic power generation device based on sky radiation cooling and hydrogel "spontaneous sweating" provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0013] Figure 2 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic power generation device based on sky radiation cooling and hydrogel "spontaneous sweating" provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of preparing a sky radiation cooling film for a photovoltaic power generation device based on sky radiation cooling and hydrogel "spontaneous sweating" provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of the preparation of hydrogel materials for a photovoltaic power generation device based on sky radiation cooling and hydrogel "spontaneous sweating" provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0016] Figure numerals: 1. Refrigeration and power generation component; 11. Sky radiation cooling film; 12. Photovoltaic panel; 13. Hydrogel material; 14. Foam copper; 2. Reverse osmosis membrane; 3. Wire mesh; 4. Multi-angle rotating support frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the technical solution of the utility model will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the drawings in the utility model. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0018] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "front", "back", "bottom", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0019] The following describes the photovoltaic power generation device based on sky radiation cooling and hydrogel "spontaneous sweating" of the utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figure 1-2 As shown, the photovoltaic power generation device based on sky radiation cooling and hydrogel "spontaneous sweating" includes a cooling and power generation component 1, a reverse osmosis membrane 2, a wire mesh 3 and a multi-angle rotating support frame 4, and the cooling and power generation component 1 is installed on the multi-angle rotating support frame 4. According to actual needs, multiple cooling and power generation components can be installed on the multi-angle rotating support frame 4. The cooling and power generation component 1 includes a sky radiation cooling film 11, a photovoltaic panel 12, a hydrogel material 13, and a copper foam 14. The sky radiation cooling film 11 is attached to the front surface of the photovoltaic panel 12, and the hydrogel material 13 is coupled with the copper foam 14 and embedded in the pores of the copper foam 14. The coupling material is attached to the back of the photovoltaic panel 12 by the viscosity of the hydrogel 13. The overall device structure is very simple, no additional accessories are required, and the installation cost is low.

[0020] The sky radiation cooling film 11 is: polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coupling curing agent. The sky radiation cooling film 11 regards the sky as a cold source, and uses the infrared radiation principle of the object itself to radiate the heat energy generated by the photovoltaic panel 12 through the atmosphere to the universe, thereby realizing the cooling of the photovoltaic panel 12. The sky radiation cooling film 11 can reduce the reflectivity of the surface of the photovoltaic panel 12, increase the emissivity in some bands, enhance the heat transfer between the photovoltaic panel 12 and the sky, and increase the radiation cooling capacity. Therefore, the reasonable use of the sky radiation cooling film can reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic panel 12 when it is working. On this basis, the coupled hydrogel material 13 and the foam copper 14 are used to absorb water vapor in the air at night, and water evaporates and desorbs from the hydrogel material 13 by absorbing the heat energy generated by the photovoltaic panel 12 during the day, thereby realizing the cooling of the photovoltaic panel 12, and the hydrogel material 13 has good hygroscopicity, reaching a water absorption rate of 1.95g / g at 25°C and 60% RH (relative humidity). Hygroscopicity largely determines the performance of passive cooling. The hydrogel material 13 is: polyacrylamide (PAM) coupled with LiCl.

[0021] In summary, the sky radiation cooling film 11 and the hydrogel material 13 are combined, the sky radiation cooling film 11 is attached to the front of the photovoltaic panel 12, and the coupled hydrogel material 13 and the foam copper 14 are attached to the back of the photovoltaic panel 12. The sky radiation cooling film 11 is used to reduce the reflectivity of the photovoltaic panel surface and increase the emissivity of some bands, thereby increasing the radiation cooling capacity and effectively reducing the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel. On this basis, the hydrogel material 13 is used to absorb water vapor in the air at night to provide conditions for daytime work, absorb the heat energy generated by the photovoltaic panel during the day, and when enough heat energy is absorbed, water evaporates and desorbs from the hydrogel material. The multi-angle rotating support frame 4 is used to support the operation of the photovoltaic panel, and the overall angle of the device can be changed according to actual lighting conditions to meet actual needs.

[0022] Furthermore, a reverse osmosis membrane 2 is attached to the lower side of the material formed by coupling the hydrogel material 13 and the copper foam 14. Since the reverse osmosis membrane 2 only allows water molecules to enter and exit, the purity of the hydrogel material 13 can be ensured, and the performance of the hydrogel material 13 can be prevented from being affected by the entry and exit of impurities in the surrounding environment.

[0023] Because the viscosity of the hydrogel material will be relatively weakened when working, in order to ensure that the coupling material formed after the coupling of the hydrogel material and the foam copper is firmly attached to the back of the photovoltaic panel and does not fall off, a wire mesh 3 is set on the lower side of the reverse osmosis membrane 2, and the wire 3 plays a role in supporting the hydrogel material and the foam copper.

[0024] The preparation process of sky radiation cooling materials and hydrogel materials is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, sky radiative cooling material: PDMS (dimethylsiloxane) and curing agent are prepared in a ratio of 10:1, the prepared PDMS and curing agent are mixed in a reagent bottle, and placed in a magnetic stirrer for stirring for 1 hour. An aluminum plate is placed on a glass platform, and the fully stirred reagent is poured on the aluminum plate, and a film applicator is used to spread it into a 0.3mm film. After the tiling is completed, the aluminum plate is placed in a dryer and dried at a temperature of 120°C for 0.5h.

[0026] like Figure 4As shown, hydrogel material: polyacrylamide (AM) was added to deionized water and ultrasonicated for 1 minute to obtain a 10% AM solution. Subsequently, nitrogen was purged into the AM solution for 10 minutes to completely remove the dissolved oxygen in the solution. Under ultrasonication, 0.8 ml, 3.8 mg / ml N, N'-methylenebisene amide (MBA) solution, 0.4 ml, 50 mg / ml potassium persulfate (KPS) solution and 100 μL N, N, N', N'-tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) were quickly added to each 10 ml AM solution. After standing for 12 hours to allow the polyacrylamide PAM to completely polymerize, it was washed with deionized water, pre-frozen for 12 hours, and then freeze-dried for 24 hours. The freeze-dried PAM was soaked in a certain concentration of lithium chloride (LiCl) solution for 24 hours, and then dried in a blast dryer at 80°C for 72 hours.

[0027] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the corresponding technical solutions essentially deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic power generation device based on sky radiation cooling and hydrogel, characterized in that: It includes several refrigeration and power generation components and a multi-angle rotating support frame. The refrigeration and power generation components are installed on the multi-angle rotating support frame. The refrigeration and power generation components include sky radiation refrigeration film, photovoltaic panels, hydrogel materials, and foam copper. The sky radiation refrigeration film is applied on the front surface of the photovoltaic panel, and the hydrogel material is coupled with the foam copper and attached to the back of the photovoltaic panel.

2. The photovoltaic power generation device based on sky radiation cooling and hydrogel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The photovoltaic power generation device also includes a reverse osmosis membrane and a wire mesh. The reverse osmosis membrane is laid on the lower side of the material formed by coupling the hydrogel material and the foam copper. The wire mesh is arranged on the lower side of the reverse osmosis membrane and installed on a multi-angle rotating support frame.

3. The photovoltaic power generation device based on sky radiation cooling and hydrogel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogel material is embedded in the internal pores of the foam copper.

4. The photovoltaic power generation device based on sky radiation cooling and hydrogel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sky radiation cooling film is attached to the front surface of the photovoltaic panel by its own adhesiveness.

5. The photovoltaic power generation device based on sky radiation cooling and hydrogel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The coupling material formed by coupling the copper foam and the hydrogel material is attached to the back of the photovoltaic panel by relying on the viscosity of the hydrogel material itself.

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