Solar heat collection sewage purification device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solar heat collection sewage purification device which is characterized in that a heat collection plate is mounted at the top of a submerged plant water tank, and an upper high-light-transmittance glass plate, a photo-thermal conversion phase change microcapsule, a SiC heat conduction plate, a phase change material, common glass, a heat preservation layer and a metal outer wall plate are sequentially laid in the heat collection plate from top to bottom; graphite felt cathodes are arranged on the inner walls of the left side and the right side of the submerged plant water tank, the graphite felt is divided into graphite sheets which are vertically arranged in bottom mud to serve as graphite felt anodes, wires are arranged between the graphite felt cathodes and the graphite felt anodes, and the capacitance plate and the voltmeter are connected through the wires. SiC heat conduction rods and heat storage rods filled with phase change materials are uniformly arranged in the submerged plant water tank. According to the device, solar energy is collected and stored by utilizing the characteristics of light absorption and heat storage of the photo-thermal conversion phase change microcapsules, and the device is used for maintaining the stable temperature of a sewage treatment system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of sewage purification using solar energy, in particular to a solar energy heat collection sewage purification device. Background Art

[0002] my country's aquaculture industry has developed rapidly. While increasing economic benefits, it has also brought about the problem of environmental pollution.

[0003] The problem of pollutant treatment in aquaculture wastewater has always been a pain point in rural ecological optimization. The submerged plant-SMFC coupling system can convert pollutants into non-polluting substances through microbial oxidation and degradation. While submerged plants cooperate with the SMFC system to deeply treat and reduce pollution emissions, they also have the functions of carbon fixation and electricity generation. However, since the system temperature is affected by the environment and the temperature fluctuation range is large, it is difficult to maintain an efficient state at a stable temperature, which limits the development and application of the submerged plant-SMFC coupling system.

[0004] In view of the discontinuous and unstable characteristics of solar energy, solar energy is combined with low-temperature phase change thermal storage materials. When there is sufficient sunlight, photothermal conversion is carried out, a large amount of heat is absorbed and converted into phase change latent heat. At night or when there is insufficient light, the phase change latent heat is released and the temperature is supplied, thereby maintaining temperature stability within a certain range and improving the stability of the solar energy utilization system. Photothermal conversion phase change microcapsules are obtained by modifying phase change microcapsules with photothermal materials for photothermal conversion. They can effectively absorb sunlight and directly transfer the absorbed heat to the internal thermal storage material, reducing the loss in the heat transfer process and achieving more efficient use of solar energy. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention discloses a solar heat collection sewage purification device, which reduces the loss in the heat transfer process and achieves more efficient use of solar energy.

[0006] A solar heat collection sewage purification device comprises a heat collecting plate, a SiC heat conducting rod, a phase change material heat storage rod, a submerged plant water tank, and a sediment microbial fuel cell. A heat collecting plate is installed on the top of the submerged plant water tank, and an upper layer of high light transmittance glass, a light-heat conversion phase change microcapsule, a SiC heat conducting plate, a phase change material, ordinary glass, a thermal insulation layer, and a metal outer wall plate are sequentially laid in the heat collecting plate from top to bottom; a guide rail is installed on the upper part of the submerged plant water tank, and a rotating shaft device is installed on both sides of the heat collecting plate; a water inlet is arranged on the upper left side of the submerged plant water tank, and a water outlet is arranged on the lower right side; graphite felt cathodes are arranged on the inner walls on the left and right sides of the submerged plant water tank, and the bottom of the submerged plant water tank is covered with bottom mud and transplanted submerged plants; the graphite felt is divided into graphite sheets, which are arranged vertically in the bottom mud as graphite felt anodes, and a wire is arranged between the graphite felt cathode and the graphite felt anode, and a capacitor plate and a voltmeter are connected through the wire; SiC is also evenly arranged in the submerged plant water tank. Thermally conductive rods and heat storage rods filled with phase change materials.

[0007] The graphite felt is divided into graphite sheets, which are arranged vertically in the bottom mud as anodes, and wires are arranged between the cathode and cathode to connect the capacitor plate and the voltmeter. SiC heat conducting rods and heat storage rods filled with phase change materials are also evenly arranged in the water tank.

[0008] Furthermore, the heat collecting plate forms a closed cavity by a bottom metal outer wall plate and an upper layer of high-transmittance glass, and the closed cavity is divided into a heat collecting area, a heat storage area, and a thermal insulation area from top to bottom by a SiC heat conducting plate and ordinary glass; the heat collecting area includes an upper layer of high-transmittance glass, an upper layer of the SiC heat conducting plate, and light-to-heat conversion phase change microcapsules filled in the middle; the thermal storage area is composed of a lower layer of the SiC heat conducting plate, ordinary glass, and a phase change material filled in the middle, and the SiC heat conducting plate connects the heat collecting area and the heat storage area; ordinary glass, thermal insulation layer, and the bottom metal outer wall plate form a thermal insulation area.

[0009] Furthermore, the photothermal conversion phase change microcapsules are filled in the uppermost layer of the solar collector plate cavity and a small amount of water is added to form a solution.

[0010] Furthermore, in the solar heat collection sewage purification device, a guide rail is installed at the lower end of the heat collection plate, and a rotating shaft device is installed on both sides.

[0011] Furthermore, in the solar heat collection sewage purification device, the SiC heat conducting rod is tightly connected to the turned over heat collecting plate, and the phase change material heat storage rod is filled with a suitable phase change material according to the controlled temperature.

[0012] Furthermore, the graphite felt anode is vertically distributed in the bottom mud in the form of graphite flakes.

[0013] Furthermore, each of the rotating shaft devices is connected to the supporting device as a whole and is connected to the guide rail.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0015] 1. The restriction of large temperature difference between day and night on submerged plant-SMFC coupling system is solved, the temperature of wastewater treatment system is regulated, and deep purification of aquaculture wastewater by submerged plant-SMFC coupling system is promoted. The power generation efficiency of the synergistic treatment device of submerged plant-microcapsule constant temperature device-SMFC (pc-SMFC) can reach more than 1.5 times that of submerged plant-SMFC coupling device (p-SMFC) and more than 2 times that of SMFC device. In winter with low temperature, the two values ​​can reach 2.0 times and 6.0 times respectively, and the pc-SMFC device has smaller internal resistance. The removal efficiency of wastewater pollutants (TN, TP, COD) of pc-SMFC in each season is about 1.5 times that of p-SMFC and about 3 times that of SMFC.

[0016] 2. Photothermal conversion phase change microcapsules are a new type of working fluid that integrates photothermal conversion, heat storage and enhanced heat transfer functions. They make full use of the constant temperature characteristics provided by their combination with a variety of phase change materials to achieve constant temperature in different seasons and morning and evening, reducing the impact of temperature difference on the pollutant removal rate of the submerged plant-SMFC coupling system, ensuring the intensity of life activities of submerged plants and electricity-producing microorganisms, extending the stable electricity production time of the system, and realizing continuous and stable decontamination and electricity production.

[0017] 3. This design can fill phase change materials with different phase change temperatures in different seasons according to the different external climates and solar radiation intensities, so as to achieve stable temperature control in multiple temperatures and multiple scenes.

[0018] 4. Photothermal conversion phase change microcapsules build a link between solar energy and aquaculture wastewater treatment, and develop new application scenarios for new energy in rural ecological construction. While increasing carbon efficiency, it helps to improve the efficiency of biological carbon fixation, achieve green power generation, purification and decontamination and other multiple effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a general schematic diagram of a solar heat collection sewage purification device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a daytime schematic diagram of a solar heat collection sewage purification device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a night schematic diagram of a solar heat collection sewage purification device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the solar thermal collector panel partitioning of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a rotating shaft supporting device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the heat collecting plate and the heat conducting rod of the present invention being closely fitted together;

[0025] In the figure: 1-phase change microcapsule collector plate; 2-water inlet; 3-graphite felt anode; 4-bottom mud; 5-SiC thermal conductive rod; 6-heat storage rod; 7-graphite felt cathode; 8-submerged plant; 9-conductor wire; 10-capacitor plate; 11-voltmeter; 12-rotating shaft device; 13-guide rail; 14-water outlet; 15-upper layer high light transmittance glass; 16-photothermal conversion phase change microcapsule; 17-SiC thermal conductive plate; 18-phase change material; 19-ordinary glass; 20-insulation layer; 21-metal outer wall panel; 22-submerged plant water tank; 23-support device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, and the words "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0027] See also Figure 1 , 2 A solar heat collection sewage purification device comprises a photothermal conversion phase change microcapsule heat collection plate 1, a heat conducting rod, a phase change material heat storage rod 6, a submerged plant water tank 22, and a sediment microbial fuel cell 16. The heat collection plate 1 is installed on the top of the device, and the upper layer of high light transmittance glass 15, photothermal conversion phase change microcapsules 16, SiC heat conducting plates 17, phase change materials 18, ordinary glass 19, insulation layers 20, and metal outer wall plates 21 are laid in sequence from top to bottom in the heat collection plate 1; a guide rail 13 is installed at the lower end of the heat collection plate 1, and a rotating shaft device 12 is installed on both sides. The water inlet 2 is arranged on the upper left side of the submerged plant water tank, and the water outlet 14 is arranged on the lower right side. Graphite felt cathodes 7 are arranged inside both sides. The bottom of the water tank is covered with bottom mud 4, and submerged plants 8 are transplanted. The graphite felt is divided into graphite sheets and arranged vertically in the bottom mud as an anode 3. A wire 9 is arranged between the cathode and the anode to connect the capacitor plate 10 and the voltmeter 11. SiC heat conducting rods 5 and heat storage rods 6 filled with phase change material are evenly arranged in the water tank.

[0028] The heat collecting plate is formed of a closed cavity by a metal outer wall plate 21 and an upper layer of highly transparent glass 15, which is divided into a heat collecting area, a heat storage area, and a heat preservation area by SiC heat conducting plates and thin glass. The heat collecting area includes the upper layer of highly transparent glass, the upper layer of SiC heat conducting plates, and the light-heat conversion phase change microcapsules filled in the middle. The heat storage area is mainly composed of the lower layer of SiC heat conducting plates, ordinary glass, and the phase change microcapsules filled in the middle. The SiC heat conducting plates connect the heat collecting area and the heat storage area. Ordinary glass and heat insulation materials form a heat preservation area that prevents the collector from dissipating heat to the outside.

[0029] The top layer of the cavity is filled with photothermal conversion phase change microcapsules and a small amount of water is added to form a solution. The solution state can not only enhance the light absorption performance, but also enhance the local heat conduction of the phase change microcapsules and the heat conduction between the heat collection area and the heat storage area, making the heat distribution more uniform.

[0030] The SiC heat conducting plate 17 connects the upper photothermal conversion phase change microcapsule solution and the lower phase change material 18, isolating the two materials while enhancing the thermal conductivity. The double-layer phase change material temperature control structure has a "relay race" type buffering temperature control process. In the photothermal conversion stage, the upper photothermal conversion phase change material plays a leading role and absorbs a large amount of solar energy. Before the temperature in the heat collection area reaches the phase change temperature, the photothermal conversion microcapsules serve both the functions of heat collection and heat storage. When the temperature in the heat collection area rises above the phase change temperature, the upper photothermal phase change material dominates the heat collection function, and the phase change material in the heat storage area dominates the heat storage function. The overall structural temperature rise is controlled within a certain range to reduce the heat dissipation of the heat collector to the outside world.

[0031] A guide rail 13 is installed at the lower end of the solar collector 1, and a rotating shaft device 12 is installed on both sides. During the day, the guide rail 13 allows the solar collector to slide on both sides above the water tank, extending 1 / 3 outward on each side to avoid completely blocking the sunlight and leaving sufficient light for the growth of aquatic plants in the water tank. The supporting device 23 first supports the solar collector to a height of 1 / 2 of the plate width, and then adjusts the inclination angle of the solar collector. The optimal inclination angle is generally determined by the local latitude and season, which improves the heat collection efficiency of the solar collector. At night, the rotating shaft device can flip the solar collector 180 degrees to swap the upper and lower sides of the solar collector. After flipping and storing heat, the thermal insulation layer of the solar collector is close to the air above, reducing heat dissipation to the external environment at night. The high-transmittance glass side is in close contact with the water in the water tank and the heat-conducting rod 5, transferring the energy stored in the phase change microcapsules downward to heat the water tank.

[0032] The SiC heat conducting rod 5 is tightly connected to the flipped heat collecting plate, and cooperates with the water in the water tank to enhance the heat transfer from the heat collecting plate to the water tank. The phase change material heat storage rod 6 is filled with phase change material with the same phase change temperature according to the controlled temperature, which can avoid the occurrence of local temperature unevenness during the heat transfer from the heat collecting plate downward.

[0033] The graphite felt anode 3 is vertically distributed in the bottom mud in the form of graphite flakes, which can increase the total projection area of ​​the anode while ensuring that there is space for submerged plants to take root, without affecting the normal growth of the plants.

[0034] A water inlet 2 is arranged on the upper left side of the submerged plant water tank, and a water outlet 14 is arranged on the lower right side. Graphite felt cathodes 7 are arranged inside both sides to not block the sunlight from the front and back of the water tank, ensuring sufficient sunlight for plant growth.

[0035] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0036] The system can be used to treat aquaculture wastewater, organically combining the solar energy absorption and storage system with the submerged plant-SMFC system. When there is sufficient sunlight, the photothermal conversion modified phase change microcapsules in the collector area directly absorb solar energy and store heat. If the temperature of the collector area continues to rise, the heat is transferred to the heat storage area for storage. At night or when there is insufficient light, the collector plate is flipped to make it in close contact with the water in the water tank and the heat conducting rod to enhance the heat transfer to the water tank. The water tank relies on the heat transmitted by the collector plate and the temperature control function of the heat storage rod to maintain the temperature stability of the submerged plant-SMFC coupling system. At the same time, in response to the different external climates and solar radiation intensities, phase change microcapsules with different phase change temperatures are filled according to the optimal temperature that the water tank can maintain in different seasons to achieve temperature stability control in multiple temperatures and multiple scenes. The present invention utilizes the light-absorbing and heat-storing characteristics of photothermal conversion phase-change microcapsules to collect and store solar energy for maintaining a stable temperature in the wastewater treatment system. This effectively solves the problems of a decrease in pollutant removal rates of plants and microorganisms in the coupled system and a decrease in system power generation caused by large temperature fluctuations in the submerged plant-SMFC coupling system under natural conditions, thereby improving the efficiency of deep purification of aquaculture wastewater.

[0037] The technical means disclosed in the scheme of the present invention are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above-mentioned implementation mode, but also include technical schemes composed of any combination of the above technical features.

Claims

1. A solar heat collection sewage purification device, comprising a heat collection plate (1), a SiC heat conducting rod (5), a phase change material heat storage rod (6), and a submerged plant water tank (22), characterized in that: A heat collecting plate (1) is installed on the top of the submerged plant water tank (22), and an upper layer of high light transmittance glass (15), light-heat conversion phase change microcapsules (16), SiC heat conducting plates (17), phase change materials (18), ordinary glass (19), a heat insulation layer (20) and a metal outer wall plate (21) are laid in sequence from top to bottom in the heat collecting plate (1); a guide rail (13) is installed on the upper part of the submerged plant water tank (22), and rotating shaft devices (12) are installed on both sides of the heat collecting plate (1); a water inlet (2) is arranged on the upper left side of the submerged plant water tank (22) A water outlet (14) is arranged at the lower right side; graphite felt cathodes (7) are arranged on the inner walls of the left and right sides of the submerged plant water tank (22); the bottom of the submerged plant water tank (22) is covered with bottom mud (4) and transplanted submerged plants (8); the graphite felt is divided into graphite sheets and arranged vertically in the bottom mud (4) as a graphite felt anode (3); a wire (9) is arranged between the graphite felt cathode (7) and the graphite felt anode (3); the capacitor plate (10) and the voltmeter (11) are connected via the wire (9); SiC heat conducting rods (5) and heat storage rods (6) filled with phase change materials are also evenly arranged in the submerged plant water tank (22).

2. A solar heat collection sewage purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat collecting plate (1) is formed of a closed cavity by a bottom metal outer wall plate (21) and an upper layer of high light transmittance glass (15), and the closed cavity is divided from top to bottom into a heat collecting area, a heat storage area, and a heat preservation area by a SiC heat conducting plate (17) and ordinary glass (19); the heat collecting area includes the upper layer of high light transmittance glass (15), the upper layer of the SiC heat conducting plate (17), and light-heat conversion phase change microcapsules (16) filled in the middle; the heat storage area is composed of the lower layer of the SiC heat conducting plate (17), ordinary glass (19), and a phase change material (18) filled in the middle, and the SiC heat conducting plate (17) connects the heat collecting area and the heat storage area; the ordinary glass (19), the heat preservation layer (20), and the bottom metal outer wall plate (21) form the heat preservation area.

3. A solar heat collection sewage purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The uppermost layer of the cavity of the heat collecting plate (1) is filled with light-heat conversion phase change microcapsules (16) and a small amount of water is added to form a solution.

4. A solar heat collection sewage purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The SiC heat conducting rod (5) is tightly fitted to the turned over heat collecting plate (1), and the phase change material heat storage rod (6) is filled with phase change material according to the controlled temperature.

5. The solar heat collection sewage purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the rotating shaft devices (12) is connected to the supporting device (23) as a whole and is connected to the guide rail (13).

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