Ash gasification boiler hearth
By designing dense phase zones, water-cooled membrane walls, heat insulation layers and multiple air inlets in the boiler furnace, the problem of low reuse of gasified ash slag is solved, and efficient combustion and high reuse of gasified ash slag is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421386977.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-18
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the gasified ash slag has a low reuse rate due to low calorific value and high moisture content during the combustion process of the boiler, and some of the gasified ash slag that is not fully burned is discharged from the tail of the boiler.
A gasified ash boiler furnace is designed, including a dense phase area at the lower part of the furnace, a water-cooled film wall, a heat insulating layer and multiple air inlets. By forming an annular airflow and a heat insulating layer, the full mixing of air and gasified ash slag is promoted, and the energy retention of the dense phase area is increased.
By fully mixing air with gasified ash slag and increasing the energy retention amount in the dense phase area, the efficient combustion of gasified ash slag in the furnace is achieved, and the reuse rate of gasified ash slag is improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN222688253U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of gasification ash recycling, and in particular relates to a furnace of a gasification ash boiler. Background Art
[0002] At present, some factories often burn coal as fuel in industrial production to provide energy for industrial production. However, in the process of coal combustion, incomplete combustion will occur more or less and gasification ash will be produced. Gasification ash has the characteristics of low calorific value, high moisture content and fine particle size, which makes some gasification ash enter the conventional boiler and be discharged from the tail before being burned, resulting in a low reuse rate of gasification ash. Utility Model Content
[0003] The utility model overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a gasification ash boiler furnace, which can improve the recycling rate of gasification ash.
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0005] A gasification ash boiler furnace comprises a furnace, a water-cooled membrane wall is arranged in the furnace, a heat insulation layer is arranged on the lower inner wall of the furnace, a plurality of air inlets for supplying secondary air with different flow rates are arranged at different vertical positions in the lower part of the furnace, an input port for inputting gasified ash after primary air fluidization is arranged at the lower end of the furnace, and an output port for outputting flue gas is arranged at the upper end of the furnace.
[0006] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are as follows: a dense phase zone is formed in the lower part of the furnace, and the gasified ash after primary air fluidization is input through the inlet. The secondary air supplied by the air inlets at different vertical positions can form a circular airflow in the dense phase zone, which is conducive to the full mixing of air and gasified ash in the dense phase zone; at the same time, the thermal insulation layer can make the heat of the dense phase zone be transferred to the water-cooled membrane wall as little as possible, so as to increase the energy retention of the dense phase zone, which is conducive to drying the gasified ash with high moisture content and burning the gasified ash with low calorific value as soon as possible; by fully mixing the air with the gasified ash and burning the gasified ash with low calorific value as soon as possible, it is conducive to burning as much gasified ash as possible in the furnace, so as to improve the reuse rate of the gasified ash.
[0007] In one embodiment, a conical portion that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom is provided at the lower portion of the furnace.
[0008] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the conical portion at the lower part of the furnace can gather the gasified ash and slag material falling from the upper part due to gravity, thereby facilitating the circulation and combustion of the gasified ash and slag in the furnace.
[0009] In one embodiment, a heat insulation layer is provided on the inner wall of the tapered portion.
[0010] In one embodiment, a heat insulation layer is applied on the tapered portion, and the heat insulation layer is pinned to the tapered portion.
[0011] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the heat insulation layer is laid on the inner wall of the tapered portion and is fixed on the tapered portion by pins.
[0012] In one embodiment, the height difference between the output port and the input port is 26.6 m to 28 m.
[0013] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: the furnace height is relatively high, which is beneficial to increase the residence time of gasified ash in the furnace, thereby facilitating the combustion rate of gasified ash, and at the same time facilitating the gasified ash to form an internal circulation in the furnace and transfer heat through collision with the inner wall of the furnace.
[0014] In one embodiment, a superheater for heating steam is provided in the furnace.
[0015] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the superheater can make the steam introduced absorb the heat in the furnace, thereby heating the steam.
[0016] In one embodiment, the superheater includes a first platen superheater and a second platen superheater which are arranged vertically, and a lower end of the first platen superheater is communicated with a lower end of the second platen superheater.
[0017] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the lower end of the first screen superheater is connected with the lower end of the second screen superheater, so that the steam entering the superheater first exchanges heat with the gasified ash and flue gas in the furnace in countercurrent flow and then is discharged downstream.
[0018] In one embodiment, a water spray desuperheater is provided between the lower end of the first platen superheater and the lower end of the second platen superheater.
[0019] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the water spray desuperheater can reduce the temperature of the steam that has undergone countercurrent heat exchange to adjust the temperature of the steam so that the temperature of the steam meets the temperature requirements.
[0020] In one embodiment, a plurality of slag discharge ports are provided at the lower portion of the furnace.
[0021] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that among the several slag discharge ports, some can be used as normal slag discharge ports, and the other parts can be used as emergency slag discharge ports.
[0022] In one embodiment, a manhole for maintenance is provided at the lower portion of the furnace.
[0023] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is: a manhole is provided to facilitate maintenance personnel to enter the furnace for maintenance.
[0024] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0025] A dense phase zone is formed at the lower part of the furnace, and the gasified ash after primary air fluidization is input through the inlet. The secondary air supplied by the air inlets at different vertical positions can form a circular airflow in the dense phase zone, which is conducive to the full mixing of air and gasified ash in the dense phase zone; at the same time, the thermal insulation layer can minimize the heat in the dense phase zone from being transferred to the water-cooled membrane wall, so as to increase the energy retention in the dense phase zone, which is conducive to drying the gasified ash with high moisture content and burning the gasified ash with low calorific value as soon as possible; by fully mixing the air with the gasified ash and burning the gasified ash with low calorific value as soon as possible, it is conducive to burning as much gasified ash as possible in the furnace, so as to increase the reuse rate of the gasified ash. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] The present invention will be described in more detail below based on embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0027] in:
[0028] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the utility model is shown;
[0029] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;
[0030] In the drawings, like reference numerals are used for like parts. The drawings are not necessarily to scale.
[0031] Reference numerals:
[0032] 1-furnace, 101-inlet, 102-outlet, 2-superheater, 3-water-cooled membrane wall, 4-insulation layer, 5-conical part, 6-air inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0034] The utility model provides a gasification ash boiler furnace, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a furnace 1, a water-cooled membrane wall 3 is arranged in the furnace 1, a heat insulation layer 4 is arranged on the lower inner wall of the furnace 1, a plurality of air inlets 6 for supplying secondary air with different flow rates are arranged at different vertical positions at the lower part of the furnace 1, an input port 101 for inputting gasified ash after primary air fluidization is arranged at the lower end of the furnace 1, and an output port 102 for outputting flue gas is arranged at the upper end of the furnace 1.
[0035] It can be understood that a dense phase zone is formed in the lower part of the furnace 1, and the gasified ash after primary air fluidization is input through the input port 101. The secondary air supplied by the air inlets 6 at different vertical positions can form an annular airflow in the dense phase zone, which is conducive to the full mixing of air and gasified ash in the dense phase zone; at the same time, the thermal insulation layer 4 can make the heat of the dense phase zone be transferred to the water-cooled membrane wall 3 as little as possible, so as to increase the energy retention of the dense phase zone, which is conducive to drying the gasified ash with high moisture content and burning the gasified ash with low calorific value as soon as possible; by fully mixing the air with the gasified ash and burning the gasified ash with low calorific value as soon as possible, it is conducive to burning as much gasified ash as possible in the furnace 1, so as to improve the recycling rate of the gasified ash.
[0036] In one embodiment, a conical portion 5 with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion is provided at the lower portion of the furnace 1 .
[0037] It can be understood that the conical portion 5 at the lower part of the furnace 1 can gather the gasified ash and slag material falling from the upper part due to gravity, thereby facilitating the circulation and combustion of the gasified ash and slag in the furnace 1 .
[0038] In one embodiment, a heat insulation layer 4 is disposed on the inner wall of the tapered portion 5 .
[0039] In one embodiment, a heat insulation layer 4 is laid on the tapered portion 5 , and the heat insulation layer 4 is pinned to the tapered portion 5 .
[0040] It can be understood that the heat-insulating and wear-resistant material is laid on the inner wall of the tapered portion 5 to form the heat-insulating layer 4, and the heat-insulating material is fixed on the tapered portion 5 by means of closely welded pins.
[0041] In one embodiment, the height difference between the output port 102 and the input port 101 is 26.6 m to 28 m.
[0042] It can be understood that the height of the furnace 1 is relatively high, which is conducive to increasing the residence time of the gasified ash in the furnace 1, thereby facilitating the combustion rate of the gasified ash, and at the same time facilitating the gasified ash to form an internal circulation in the furnace 1 and transfer heat through collision with the inner wall of the furnace 1.
[0043] It should be noted that, based on trial burning experience, when the residence time of gasified ash in the furnace 1 is 7 to 8 seconds, the burnout rate of gasified ash can reach more than 90%, and by controlling the cross-section and flue gas volume of the furnace 1, the flue gas velocity in the furnace 1 can be controlled at 3.5 to 3.8 m / s, that is, the height difference between the output port 102 and the input port 101 needs to be within the range of 26.6 to 28 m.
[0044] In one embodiment, a superheater 2 for heating steam is disposed in the furnace 1 .
[0045] It can be understood that the superheater 2 allows the steam introduced into the superheater 2 to absorb the heat in the furnace 1, thereby heating the steam.
[0046] In one embodiment, the superheater 2 includes a first platen superheater and a second platen superheater which are arranged vertically, and the lower end of the first platen superheater is communicated with the lower end of the second platen superheater.
[0047] It can be understood that the lower end of the first screen superheater is connected to the lower end of the second screen superheater, so that the steam entering the superheater 2 first exchanges heat with the gasified ash and flue gas in the furnace 1 in countercurrent flow and then is discharged downstream.
[0048] In one embodiment, a water spray desuperheater is provided between the lower end of the first platen superheater and the lower end of the second platen superheater.
[0049] It can be understood that the water spray desuperheater can desuperheat the steam that has undergone countercurrent heat exchange to adjust the temperature of the steam so that the temperature of the steam meets the temperature requirements.
[0050] In one embodiment, four slag discharge ports are provided at the lower portion of the furnace 1 .
[0051] It can be understood that, among the four slag discharge ports, three slag discharge ports can be used as normal slag discharge ports, and one can be used as an emergency slag discharge port.
[0052] In one embodiment, a manhole for maintenance is provided at the lower portion of the furnace 1 .
[0053] It is understandable that a manhole is provided to facilitate maintenance personnel to enter the furnace 1 for maintenance.
[0054] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "bottom", "top", "front", "back", "inside", "outside", "left", "right", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.
[0055] Although the present invention is described herein with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely examples of the principles and applications of the present invention. It should therefore be understood that many modifications may be made to the exemplary embodiments, and other arrangements may be designed without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that the features described in the various dependent claims and herein may be combined in a manner different from that described in the original claims. It may also be understood that the features described in conjunction with the individual embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.
Claims
1. A gasification ash boiler furnace, characterized in that: The invention comprises a furnace (1), wherein a water-cooled membrane wall (3) is arranged in the furnace (1), a heat insulating layer (4) is arranged on the lower inner wall of the furnace (1), a plurality of air inlets (6) for supplying secondary air of different flow rates are arranged at different vertical positions in the lower part of the furnace (1), an input port (101) for inputting gasified ash after primary air fluidization is arranged at the lower end of the furnace (1), and an output port (102) for outputting flue gas is arranged at the upper end of the furnace (1).
2. The furnace of a gasification ash boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the furnace (1) is provided with a conical part (5) which is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom.
3. The furnace of a gasification ash boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat insulation layer (4) is arranged on the inner wall of the tapered portion (5).
4. The furnace of a gasification ash boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat insulation layer (4) is laid on the conical portion (5), and the heat insulation layer (4) is pinned to the conical portion (5).
5. The furnace of a gasification ash boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height difference between the output port (102) and the input port (101) is 26.6 m to 28 m.
6. The furnace of a gasification ash boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A superheater (2) for heating steam is arranged in the furnace (1).
7. The furnace of a gasification ash boiler according to claim 6, characterized in that: The superheater (2) comprises a first platen superheater and a second platen superheater arranged vertically, wherein the lower end of the first platen superheater is connected to the lower end of the second platen superheater.
8. The furnace of a gasification ash boiler according to claim 7, characterized in that: A water spray desuperheater is arranged between the lower end of the first platen superheater and the lower end of the second platen superheater.
9. The furnace of a gasification ash boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of slag discharge ports are arranged at the lower part of the furnace (1).
10. The furnace of a gasification ash boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A manhole for maintenance is provided at the lower part of the furnace (1).