Bottom protection structure of electric vehicle power battery pack

By using a sandwich structure composed of aluminum alloy corrugated sandwich plate and ceramic corrugated sandwich plate at the bottom of the electric vehicle power battery pack, the problems of low strength, poor energy absorption performance and high cost in the prior art are solved, and an efficient and economical bottom protection effect is achieved.

CN222690817UActive Publication Date: 2025-03-28NINGBO UNIV
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202420767722.9
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Utility models(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2024-04-15
Publication Date
2025-03-28
Estimated Expiration
2034-04-15

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

The bottom protective structure of the existing electric vehicle power battery pack has problems such as low strength, poor energy absorption performance and high cost, which is difficult to meet the needs of economical vehicles.

Method used

The bottom protective structure consisting of an upper protective plate, a lower protective plate and an energy-absorbing reinforcement layer is adopted. The energy-absorbing reinforcement layer is composed of an aluminum alloy corrugated sandwich plate and a ceramic corrugated sandwich plate to form a sandwich structure to improve the overall strength and energy-absorbing effect.

Benefits of technology

It realizes the bottom protective structure of the electric vehicle power battery pack with simple structure, high strength, good energy absorption performance and low usage cost, and is suitable for economical vehicles.

✦ Generated by Eureka AI based on patent content.

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Abstract

The utility model discloses a bottom protection structure of a power battery pack of an electric automobile, which comprises a protection structure body and is characterized in that the protection structure body comprises an upper-layer protection plate and a lower-layer protection plate, and an energy absorption reinforcing layer is arranged between the upper-layer protection plate and the lower-layer protection plate and comprises two reinforcing supporting plates. The two reinforcing supporting plates form a storage cavity, and the storage cavity is filled with an energy absorption component. The reinforcing supporting plate comprises a plurality of inclined supporting parts which are arranged from left to right at intervals and obliquely arranged from top to bottom, the left-right adjacent inclined supporting parts are arranged in a left-right mirror symmetry mode, one ends of the two left-right adjacent inclined supporting parts are close to each other to form close ends, and the other ends of the two left-right adjacent inclined supporting parts are away from each other to form away ends. Every two adjacent left and right ends are connected through a horizontal connecting part, the lower connecting part is fixed to the lower protection plate in an attached mode, and the upper connecting part is fixed to the upper protection plate in an attached mode. The material has the advantages of low cost and good strength and energy absorption performance.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of bottom protection of a battery pack of an electric vehicle, in particular to a bottom protection structure of a power battery pack of an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Due to the serious consumption of non-renewable resources and the increasing environmental pollution, traditional fuel vehicles are slowly withdrawing from the market. New energy vehicles are gradually developing rapidly in my country. Among them, pure electric vehicles have the highest technological maturity in the new energy vehicle industry and have the most development prospects.

[0003] As the energy source of pure electric vehicles, the power battery pack is not only the most expensive core component of the car, but also the most dangerous place. When the bottom of the car encounters flying rocks or bottom collision, it will not only damage the structure of the battery box, but even cause internal battery short circuit due to impact deformation, resulting in fire and explosion, causing casualties and economic losses. Based on this, a bottom protection structure is usually installed at the bottom of the battery pack of pure electric vehicles to protect the bottom of the battery pack to avoid the above situation. Conventional bottom protection structures usually set a single aluminum alloy or high-strength steel at the bottom of the battery pack for protection. This kind of protection structure is relatively simple, but has the problems of low strength and poor energy absorption. In order to solve the problems of strength and energy absorption performance of a single aluminum alloy or high-strength steel, some protective plates made of composite materials have also appeared. However, the cost of using this kind of protection structure is high. When applied to automobiles, it will lead to an increase in the overall manufacturing cost of the automobile, which is not suitable for economical vehicles. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a bottom protection structure of an electric vehicle power battery pack which has a simple structure, high strength, good energy absorption performance and low use cost.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the above technical problems is:

[0006] A bottom protection structure of a power battery pack of an electric vehicle comprises a protection structure body, wherein the protection structure body comprises an upper protection plate and a lower protection plate arranged horizontally, wherein the upper protection plate and the lower protection plate are arranged vertically parallel and spaced apart, an energy absorption reinforcement layer is arranged between the upper protection plate and the lower protection plate, wherein the energy absorption reinforcement layer comprises two reinforcement support plates arranged vertically parallel and spaced apart, wherein the two reinforcement support plates form a storage cavity, wherein the storage cavity is filled with an energy absorption component;

[0007] The reinforcing support plate includes a plurality of oblique support portions spaced from left to right and arranged obliquely from top to bottom, and the oblique support portions adjacent to each other on the left and right are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner on the left and right, so that one end of the two oblique support portions adjacent to each other on the left and right are close to each other to form a close end, and the other end is away from each other to form a far end;

[0008] The two adjacent ends are connected by a horizontal connecting portion, and the two adjacent connecting portions are staggered up and down, the connecting portion located at the bottom is the lower connecting portion, and the connecting portion located at the top is the upper connecting portion;

[0009] The upper connection portion of the reinforcing support plate located above is fitted and fixed to the upper protective plate, and the lower connection portion of the reinforcing support plate located below is fitted and fixed to the lower protective plate.

[0010] The angle between the oblique support portion and the horizontal plane is 30°, which is used to achieve the transmission of dispersed force and avoid directly transmitting it to the bottom plate, thereby increasing the displacement of the bottom plate.

[0011] The upper protective plate is an aluminum alloy plate. Compared with other metal plates, the aluminum alloy plate has the advantages of light weight, corrosion resistance and good plasticity, which is conducive to the overall lightweight design.

[0012] The lower protective plate is an aluminum alloy plate. Compared with other metal plates, the aluminum alloy plate has the advantages of light weight, corrosion resistance and good plasticity, which is conducive to the overall lightweight design.

[0013] The reinforcing support plate is an aluminum alloy corrugated sandwich plate made of aluminum alloy, which can not only improve the rigidity of the structure and reduce the weight of the structure, but also play a supporting role for brittle ceramics.

[0014] The reinforcing support plate is fixed to the upper protective plate and the lower protective plate by gluing.

[0015] The energy absorbing member is a ceramic corrugated sandwich panel made of ceramic material. The shape of the ceramic corrugated sandwich panel matches the shape of the storage cavity. The ceramic corrugated sandwich panel is tightly fixed and filled in the storage cavity. The ceramic corrugated sandwich panel has the advantages of low density and high strength. The energy absorbing member is made of ceramic corrugated sandwich panel. When it is broken by the impact of flying stones, the fragments formed are stored in the storage cavity (corroding and passivating the flying stones, and the ceramic cone formed in the impact area absorbs its kinetic energy, increasing the effective area, and changing the initial penetration point load of the flying stones into the impact surface load, changing the deformation response of the protective plate), which has a good energy absorbing effect.

[0016] The ceramic corrugated sandwich panel is fixed and filled in the storage cavity by gluing, so that after being impacted and broken, the ceramic fragments can still be stored in the storage space, preventing them from falling off and splashing, and having the effect of increasing the effective area.

[0017] The protective structure body is provided with a plurality of bolt connection holes for realizing fixed connection and installation with the battery box of the power battery pack.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the utility model are: simple structure, the protective structure body is composed of an upper protective plate, a lower protective plate and an energy-absorbing reinforcement layer arranged between the upper protective plate and the lower protective plate, and the cost is relatively low. The energy-absorbing reinforcement layer composed of two reinforced support plates and energy-absorbing components forms a sandwich structure, which achieves enhanced overall strength and energy-absorbing effect, and is beneficial to reducing the overall weight; the reinforced support plates are folded to form multiple trapezoidal support structures, which are more conducive to improving the strength of the overall structure compared with straight plates. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall front view structure of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the energy absorption and reinforcement layer in the utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a front view structural diagram of the reinforced support plate in the utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the downwardly concave position of the overall structure of the utility model when a spherical ball hits it;

[0025] Figure 7 (a) and (b) are energy-absorbing components made of aluminum alloy corrugated sandwich panels and ceramic corrugated sandwich panels respectively. Figure 6 The Von-Mises stress cloud diagram of the reinforcing support plate located at the lower layer after the impact;

[0026] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a spherical ball hitting the upwardly protruding concave position of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0027] Fig. 9 (a) and (b) are energy-absorbing components made of aluminum alloy corrugated sandwich panels and ceramic corrugated sandwich panels respectively. Figure 8 The Von-Mises stress cloud diagram of the reinforcing support plate located at the lower layer after the impact;

[0028] Fig.10 (a) and (b) are energy-absorbing components made of aluminum alloy corrugated sandwich panels and ceramic corrugated sandwich panels respectively. Figure 8 The Von-Mises stress cloud diagram of the energy-absorbing component after impact is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] As shown in the figure, a bottom protection structure of a power battery pack of an electric vehicle includes a protection structure body, the protection structure body includes an upper protection plate 1 and a lower protection plate 2 arranged horizontally, the upper protection plate 1 and the lower protection plate 2 are vertically parallel and spaced apart, an energy absorption reinforcement layer 3 is arranged between the upper protection plate 1 and the lower protection plate 2, the energy absorption reinforcement layer 3 includes two vertically parallel and spaced reinforcement support plates 301, the two reinforcement support plates 301 form a storage cavity, and the storage cavity is filled with an energy absorption member 303;

[0031] The reinforcing support plate 301 includes a plurality of oblique support portions 31 spaced from left to right and arranged obliquely from top to bottom, and the oblique support portions 31 adjacent to each other on the left and right are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner on the left and right, so that one end of two adjacent oblique support portions 31 on the left and right are close to each other to form a close end, and the other end is away from each other to form a far end;

[0032] The two adjacent ends on the left and right are connected by a horizontal connecting portion, and the two adjacent connecting portions on the left and right are staggered up and down, and the connecting portion located at the bottom is the lower connecting portion 32, and the upper connecting portion 33 is fitted and fixed to the upper protective plate 1;

[0033] The upper connection portion 33 of the upper reinforcing support plate 301 is fitted and fixed to the upper protective plate 1 , and the lower connection portion 32 of the lower reinforcing support plate 301 is fitted and fixed to the lower protective plate 2 .

[0034] In this specific embodiment, the angle between the oblique support portion 31 and the horizontal plane is 30°, which is used to achieve the transmission of dispersed force and avoid directly transmitting it to the bottom plate, thereby increasing the displacement of the bottom plate.

[0035] In this specific embodiment, the upper protective plate 1 is an aluminum alloy plate. Compared with other metal plates, the aluminum alloy plate has the advantages of light weight, corrosion resistance and good plasticity, which is conducive to the overall lightweight design.

[0036] In this specific embodiment, the lower protective plate 2 is an aluminum alloy plate. Compared with other metal plates, the aluminum alloy plate has the advantages of light weight, corrosion resistance and good plasticity, which is conducive to the overall lightweight design.

[0037] In this specific embodiment, the reinforcing support plate 301 is an aluminum alloy corrugated sandwich plate made of aluminum alloy, which can not only improve the rigidity of the structure and reduce the weight of the structure, but also play a supporting role for brittle ceramics.

[0038] In this specific embodiment, the reinforcing support plate 301 is fixed to the upper protective plate 1 and the lower protective plate 2 by gluing.

[0039] In this specific embodiment, the energy absorbing member 303 is a ceramic corrugated sandwich panel made of ceramic material. The shape of the ceramic corrugated sandwich panel matches the shape of the storage cavity, and the ceramic corrugated sandwich panel is tightly fixed and filled in the storage cavity. The ceramic corrugated sandwich panel has the advantages of low density and high strength. The energy absorbing member is selected from the ceramic corrugated sandwich panel. When it is broken by the impact of flying stones, the fragments formed are stored in the storage cavity, corroding and passivating the flying stones, and the ceramic cone formed in the impact area absorbs its kinetic energy, increasing the effective area, and changing the initial penetration point load of the flying stones into the impact surface load, changing the deformation response of the protective plate, and achieving a better energy absorption effect.

[0040] In this specific embodiment, the ceramic corrugated core plate is fixed and filled in the storage cavity by gluing, so that after being impacted and broken, the ceramic fragments can still be stored in the storage space, preventing them from falling off and splashing, and having the effect of increasing the effective area.

[0041] In this specific embodiment, a plurality of bolt connection holes 10 are provided on the protective structure body, which are used to realize fixed connection and installation with the battery box of the power battery pack.

[0042] In the overall structural composition, the energy absorption reinforcement layer 3 is composed of two aluminum alloy corrugated core plates and a ceramic corrugated core plate arranged between the two aluminum alloy corrugated core plates, forming a corrugated sandwich structure. This sandwich structure can not only improve the rigidity and strength of the overall structure, but also reduce the mass of the entire structure and improve the energy absorption effect; combined with the specific trapezoidal bending structure of the aluminum alloy corrugated core plate, when the ceramic corrugated core plate is broken by impact, it can help the ceramic to be stored inside and not fall off. At the same time, the crushing of the ceramic can increase the force-bearing area of ​​the two aluminum alloy corrugated core plates and reduce the impact strength. At the same time, the ceramic formed by the crushing when the flying stones hit can reduce the speed of the flying stones to avoid penetrating the protective plate too fast.

[0043] A plurality of first recessed cavities 11 recessed downwardly and spaced apart are formed between the energy absorption reinforcement layer 3 and the upper protection plate 1, and a plurality of second recessed cavities 12 recessed upwardly and spaced apart are formed between the energy absorption reinforcement layer 3 and the lower protection plate 2. For the overall structure, we conducted a simulation comparison:

[0044] When a ball is used to hit the position corresponding to the first concave cavity 11 of the overall structure (such as Figure 6 As shown), we get Figure 7 The Von-Mises stress cloud diagrams shown in (a) and (b) are Figure 7 (a) is the Von-Mises stress cloud diagram of the energy-absorbing component 303 made of aluminum alloy corrugated sandwich panel after impact. Figure 7 (b) is a Von-Mises stress nephogram of the energy absorbing component 303 after the impact using a ceramic corrugated sandwich panel. It can be seen that when the energy absorbing component 303 uses a ceramic corrugated sandwich panel, the area of ​​the light gray large stress in the circled area of ​​the stress nephogram is larger, which corresponds to a larger average Von Mises stress.

[0045] When a ball hits the first position of the overall structure corresponding to the concave cavity 12 (such as Figure 8 As shown), we get Fig. 9 The Von-Mises stress cloud diagrams shown in (a) and (b) are Fig. 9 (a) is the Von-Mises stress cloud diagram of the energy-absorbing component 303 made of aluminum alloy corrugated sandwich panel after impact. Fig. 9 (b) is the Von-Mises stress nephogram of the energy absorbing component 303 using ceramic corrugated sandwich panels after impact. It can be seen that when the energy absorbing component 303 uses ceramic corrugated sandwich panels, the area of ​​large stress in the circled area of ​​the stress nephogram is larger, and the corresponding average Von Mises stress is larger.

[0046] Through comparison, it is found that the energy absorbing component 303 adopts a ceramic corrugated sandwich panel, which can mobilize a larger area of ​​the aluminum plate to participate in the deformation, making the deformation deflection of the bottom plate smaller and improving the protective performance of the structure.

[0047] At the same time, you can Figure 6 It can be seen that when the recessed position 11 of the overall structure is hit, the trapezoidal gap can delay the extrusion deformation of the lower protective plate 2 to a certain extent, so compared with the superimposed plate structure, the deformation of the lower protective plate 2 is smaller, and the protection performance of the battery pack is better; in addition, when the energy-absorbing component 303 is made of ceramic corrugated sandwich panels, due to the high hardness of the ceramic and the support and storage structure formed by the upper reinforced support plate 301 and the lower reinforced support plate 301, the stress of the energy-absorbing component 303 is greater under the same ball impact displacement, so the overall structure can resist greater force.

Claims

1. A bottom protection structure of an electric vehicle power battery pack, comprising a protection structure body, characterized in that The protective structure body comprises an upper protective plate and a lower protective plate arranged horizontally, the upper protective plate and the lower protective plate are arranged vertically parallel and spaced apart, an energy absorbing reinforcement layer is arranged between the upper protective plate and the lower protective plate, the energy absorbing reinforcement layer comprises two reinforcement support plates arranged vertically parallel and spaced apart, the two reinforcement support plates form a storage cavity, and the storage cavity is filled with an energy absorbing member; The reinforcing support plate includes a plurality of oblique support portions spaced from left to right and arranged obliquely from top to bottom, and the oblique support portions adjacent to each other on the left and right are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner on the left and right, so that one end of the two oblique support portions adjacent to each other on the left and right are close to each other to form a close end, and the other end is away from each other to form a far end; The two adjacent ends are connected by a horizontal connecting portion, and the two adjacent connecting portions are staggered up and down, the connecting portion located at the bottom is the lower connecting portion, and the connecting portion located at the top is the upper connecting portion; The upper connection portion of the reinforcing support plate located above is fitted and fixed to the upper protective plate, and the lower connection portion of the reinforcing support plate located below is fitted and fixed to the lower protective plate.

2. The bottom protection structure of the electric vehicle power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that The angle between the oblique support portion and the horizontal plane is 30°.

3. The bottom protection structure of the electric vehicle power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that The upper protective plate is an aluminum alloy plate.

4. The bottom protection structure of the electric vehicle power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that The lower protective plate is an aluminum alloy plate.

5. The bottom protection structure of the electric vehicle power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that The reinforcing support plate is an aluminum alloy corrugated sandwich plate made of aluminum alloy.

6. The bottom protection structure of the electric vehicle power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that The energy absorbing member is a ceramic corrugated sandwich panel made of ceramic material. The shape of the ceramic corrugated sandwich panel matches the shape of the storage cavity. The ceramic corrugated sandwich panel is tightly fixed and filled in the storage cavity.

7. The bottom protection structure of the electric vehicle power battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that The ceramic corrugated core plate is fixed and filled in the storage cavity by gluing.

8. The bottom protection structure of the electric vehicle power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that The protective structure body is provided with a plurality of bolt connection holes.