Motor rotor and motor
By setting up a fitting structure between the end plate of the motor rotor and the end ring of the squirrel cage, the high yield strength of the end plate disperses the stress, the problem of cracking failure of the end ring at high speed is solved, and the reliability and service life of the motor are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421073397.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-16
AI Technical Summary
At high speeds, the end ring of the squirrel cage is prone to stress concentration due to the centrifugal effect, increasing the risk of crack failure.
By providing a recess on the end surface of the end plate, a convex portion fitting with the recess on the end surface of the squirrel cage end ring, the end plate and the end ring are closely combined with the end ring of the squirrel cage, and stress is dispersed by the high yield strength of the end plate, and the load on the squirrel cage end ring is reduced.
It effectively reduces the risk of cracking and failure of the end ring of the squirrel cage at high speed, extends the service life of the motor and improves the reliability of the overall structure.
Smart Images
Figure CN222691459U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a motor rotor and a motor. Background Art
[0002] The rotor assembly is an important component of the motor. Its main function is to generate and output torque with the stator. It is mainly composed of iron core, cast aluminum cage, shaft and other parts.
[0003] Traditional squirrel cage conductors are arranged between two oppositely arranged end rings to be sleeved on the periphery of the iron core, and a pressure block or a pressure ring is usually installed on the outside of the end ring to press the end ring and the end plate of the iron core. This can ensure a tight connection between the end ring and the end plate, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the motor rotor.
[0004] However, due to the low strength of industrial pure aluminum, at high speeds, the squirrel cage end rings will be subject to strong centrifugal force effects, which will cause stress concentration inside the end rings, which in turn can easily lead to cracks in the end rings and increase the risk of cracking failure. Utility Model Content
[0005] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a motor rotor, aiming to reduce the risk of squirrel cage end ring cracking failure at high speed.
[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the utility model provides a motor rotor, comprising a main shaft and an iron core, wherein the iron core comprises:
[0007] an end plate, the end plate being sleeved on the main shaft, and an end surface of the end plate being formed with a recess; and
[0008] A squirrel cage end ring is sleeved on the main shaft, and an end surface of the squirrel cage end ring is formed with a convex portion which is an integral structure with the squirrel cage end ring, and the convex portion is embedded in the concave portion so that the end plate and the squirrel cage end ring are connected as a whole.
[0009] Optionally, a plurality of the recesses are formed on the end surface of the end plate, and the plurality of recesses are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the main shaft;
[0010] The end surface of the squirrel cage end ring is formed with a plurality of protrusions, and the plurality of protrusions are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of recesses.
[0011] Optionally, the recess comprises a plurality of casting grooves spaced apart in a radial direction of the main axis;
[0012] The convex portion includes a plurality of casting protrusions which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of casting grooves, and the plurality of casting protrusions are protrudingly formed on the end surface of the squirrel cage end ring close to the end plate.
[0013] Optionally, a partition rib extending in the radial direction of the main axis is formed on the end surface of the end plate, and the partition rib is located between any two adjacent convex portions;
[0014] The end surface of the squirrel cage end ring is formed with a partition groove which is engaged with the partition rib.
[0015] Optionally, a plurality of the partition convex ribs are formed on the end surface of the end plate, the plurality of the partition convex ribs are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the main shaft, and the plurality of the partition convex ribs are respectively arranged between two adjacent convex portions;
[0016] The end surface of the squirrel cage end ring is formed with a plurality of partition grooves, and the plurality of partition grooves are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of partition ribs.
[0017] Optionally, the partition rib is arranged to gradually decrease in size along the edge of the end plate in the direction of the main axis.
[0018] Optionally, a plurality of the recesses are formed on the end surface of the end plate, and the plurality of recesses are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the main shaft;
[0019] The end surface of the squirrel cage end ring is formed with a plurality of protrusions, and the plurality of protrusions are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of recesses.
[0020] Optionally, the casting trough is a trapezoidal trough, a rectangular trough or a semicircular trough.
[0021] Optionally, the iron core includes two end plates and two squirrel cage end rings, the two squirrel cage end rings are arranged at intervals, the two end plates are located between the two squirrel cage end rings, the end surface of each end plate facing away from the other end plate is formed with the concave portion, and the end surface of each squirrel cage end ring close to the other squirrel cage end ring is formed with the convex portion.
[0022] The utility model also provides a motor, which comprises the motor rotor as described above.
[0023] The motor rotor provided by the utility model is provided with a recess on the end face of the end plate, and a protrusion which is embedded with the recess on the end face of the cage end ring, so that the end plate and the cage end ring are tightly combined into one and are not easy to separate. Since the yield strength of the end plate is high and the yield strength of the cage end ring is low, after the two are tightly combined, the end plate can not only provide additional support and protection for the cage end ring, but also assist in strengthening the cage end ring, so that the end plate can bear part of the stress when the rotor rotates, reduce the load of the cage end ring, and reduce the risk of cracking and failure of the cage end ring at high speed, thereby extending the service life of the motor and improving the reliability of the overall structure of the motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.
[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a motor rotor provided by the utility model;
[0026] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an end plate provided by the utility model;
[0027] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a squirrel cage end ring provided by the utility model.
[0028] Description of Figure Numbers:
[0029] Label name Label name 100 Motor rotor 211a Casting trough 1 Spindle 213 Partition ribs 2 Iron Core 22 Squirrel Cage End Ring 21 End Plate 221 convex part 211 concavity 221a Casting bulge
[0030] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the utility model will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0032] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.
[0033] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present utility model are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present utility model.
[0034] The rotor cage of a general asynchronous motor is formed by casting industrial pure aluminum and is widely used in the industrial field. Although the strength of industrial pure aluminum is relatively low, since the maximum speed of industrial motors does not exceed 3000RPM, the cast aluminum cage can meet the requirements. However, for certain scenarios with specific high speeds, such as cast cage asynchronous motors used in EMUs, a considerable proportion of cage end ring cracking and failure failures occur. To solve this problem, most asynchronous motor rotors use a copper-welded rotor cage and a guard ring. By using copper welding to repair or reinforce the rotor cage, its strength and durability can be improved. At the same time, the addition of a guard ring also helps protect the rotor cage from external damage.
[0035] However, in order to ensure the strength and durability of the welding parts, high-quality copper welding materials and guard ring materials are usually required. These materials are usually expensive, and the copper welding and guard ring installation process has high requirements and needs to be operated by skilled technicians to ensure the welding quality and the accuracy of the guard ring position. Therefore, the production cost cannot be effectively reduced.
[0036] In view of this, the present application provides a motor rotor 100 .
[0037] See also Figures 1 to 3 The present application discloses a motor rotor 100, which includes a main shaft 1 and an iron core 2. The iron core 2 includes an end plate 21 and a squirrel cage end ring 22. The end plate 21 is sleeved on the main shaft 1, and a recess 211 is formed on the end surface of the end plate 21; the squirrel cage end ring 22 is sleeved on the main shaft 1, and a convex portion 221 is formed on the end surface of the squirrel cage end ring 22 as an integrated structure with the squirrel cage end ring 22, and the convex portion 221 is embedded in the recess 211 to connect the end plate 21 and the squirrel cage end ring 22 as a whole.
[0038] The motor rotor 100 provided by the utility model is provided with a recess 211 on the end face of the end plate 21, and a protrusion 221 which is embedded with the recess 211 is provided on the end face of the cage end ring 22, so that the end plate 21 and the cage end ring 22 are tightly combined into one and are not easy to separate. Since the yield strength of the end plate 21 is high and the yield strength of the cage end ring 22 is low, after the two are tightly combined, the end plate 21 can not only provide additional support and protection for the cage end ring 22, but also assist in strengthening the cage end ring 22, so that the end plate 21 can bear part of the stress when the rotor rotates, reduce the load of the cage end ring 22, and reduce the risk of cracking and failure of the cage end ring 22 at high speed, thereby extending the service life of the motor and improving the reliability of the overall structure of the motor.
[0039] It can be understood that, in one embodiment of the present application, the concave portion 211 provided on the end plate 21 is a groove, and the convex portion 221 provided on the squirrel cage end ring 22 is a protrusion embedded in the groove; and in another embodiment of the present application, the concave portion 211 provided on the end plate 21 is also a concave-convex structure formed by a plurality of grooves arranged at intervals, and the convex portion 221 provided on the squirrel cage end ring 22 is a convex-concave structure formed by a plurality of protrusions arranged at intervals, and the concave-convex structure and the convex-concave structure are arranged in a corresponding manner. Therefore, the end plate 21 and the squirrel cage end ring 22 are tightly combined into one by matching different numbers of grooves and protrusions.
[0040] It can be known that under high-speed rotation, the centrifugal force effect will cause the inside of the annular structure of the squirrel cage end ring 22 to be subjected to outward centrifugal force, so that the edge of the squirrel cage end ring 22 is subjected to greater tensile stress, which in turn leads to stress concentration at the edge, increasing the risk of fatigue failure at the edge. To solve the above problem, in one embodiment of the present application, the end face of the end plate 21 is formed with a plurality of recesses 211, and the plurality of recesses 211 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the main shaft 1; the end face of the squirrel cage end ring 22 is formed with a plurality of protrusions 221, and the plurality of protrusions 221 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of recesses 211. On the one hand, the mutual engagement of multiple recesses 211 and multiple protrusions 221 can increase the contact area between the end plate 21 and the cage end ring 22, thereby improving the stability and bearing capacity of the connection between the end plate 21 and the cage end ring 22. On the other hand, the arrangement of the multiple recesses 211 distributed circumferentially along the main shaft 1 can transfer stress from each recess 211 to each protrusion 221, and then to the end plate 21, thereby reducing the concentration of stress at the edge of the cage end ring 22, helping to balance the stress distribution, and reducing the stress concentration at the edge and the risk of deformation and damage caused by excessive stress at the edge.
[0041] Since it is best to simplify the process steps in the actual production process to reduce the production cost, in one embodiment of the present application, the recess 211 includes a plurality of casting grooves 211a arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the main axis; the protrusion 221 includes a plurality of casting protrusions 221a arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of casting grooves 211a, and the plurality of casting protrusions 221a are formed on the end surface of the squirrel cage end ring close to the end plate. It should be noted that machining the casting grooves 211a on the end surface of the end plate 21 basically does not affect the use of the original casting mold, but if the original end plate 21 is thin, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the end plate 21 to avoid the opening of the casting grooves 211a and affecting the original structural strength of the end plate 21, and the casting mold only needs to update the height of the middle sleeve. During the pouring process of the squirrel cage end ring 22, the casting material (generally copper or aluminum) can fill the plurality of casting grooves 211a to form a plurality of corresponding casting protrusions 221. a. Since the casting protrusion 221a is integrally formed with the original cage end ring 22, there is no joint between the casting protrusion 221a and the cage end ring 22, thereby improving the reliability and durability of the cage end ring 22. At high speeds of the motor, due to the reliable fit between the casting protrusion 221a and the casting trough 211a, the stress can be effectively dispersed through the end plate 21, thereby improving the stability of the cage end ring 22. In addition, the formation of the casting protrusion 221a can also reduce subsequent processing procedures and save production costs and time.
[0042] In order to further improve the connection stability between the squirrel cage end ring 22 and the end plate 21, in one embodiment of the present application, the end surface of the end plate 21 is formed with a partition rib 213 extending radially along the main shaft 1, and the partition rib 213 is arranged between any two adjacent recesses 211; the end surface of the squirrel cage end ring 22 is formed with a partition groove embedded with the partition rib 213. On the one hand, since the partition rib 213 is provided on the partition plate, a partition groove is formed on the end face of the cage end ring 22 corresponding to the partition rib 213 during the integral casting process. The cooperation between the partition rib 213 and the partition groove can further improve the connection stability between the end plate 21 and the cage end ring 22, and further improve the ability of the end plate 21 to disperse stress. On the other hand, the design of the partition rib 213 can increase the surface area in contact with the casting material, which helps to accelerate the cooling rate and solidification process of the casting material, and also helps to optimize the stability and uniformity of the flow of the casting material during the casting process of the cage end ring 22, so that the casting material can fill the entire casting cavity more evenly, reduce the generation of pores and inclusions, and thereby improve the density and strength of the casting (cage end ring 22).
[0043] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present application, the end surface of the end plate 21 is formed with a plurality of partition ribs 213, the plurality of partition ribs 213 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the main shaft 1, and the plurality of partition ribs 213 are respectively arranged between two adjacent recesses 211; the end surface of the squirrel cage end ring 22 is formed with a plurality of partition grooves, and the plurality of partition grooves are arranged one by one with the plurality of partition ribs 213. In this way, the structural characteristics of the casting can be further optimized and the connection stability of the end plate 21 and the squirrel cage end ring 22 can be improved.
[0044] In one embodiment of the present application, the partition rib 213 is gradually reduced in size from the edge of the end plate 21 in the direction of the main shaft 1. This design can provide a better flow path and guiding effect for the casting material, which helps to optimize the flow and filling of the casting material during the pouring process, thereby improving the density and surface quality of the squirrel cage end ring 22.
[0045] Of course, the arrangement of the multiple recesses is not limited to the circumferential spacing along the main shaft 1. In another embodiment of the present application, the end surface of the end plate 21 is formed with multiple recesses 211, and the multiple recesses 211 are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the main shaft 1; the end surface of the squirrel cage end ring 22 is formed with multiple protrusions 221, and the multiple protrusions 221 are arranged one by one with the multiple recesses 211. The arrangement of the multiple recesses 211 along the radial direction of the main shaft 1 can evenly distribute the stress on the squirrel cage end ring 22, thereby reducing the risk of fatigue damage of the squirrel cage end ring 22, and thus achieving the effect of improving the stability of the squirrel cage end ring 22.
[0046] For all the above-mentioned embodiments, in one embodiment of the present application, the casting groove 211a is a trapezoidal groove, a rectangular groove or a semicircular groove. The preferred solution is to set the casting groove 211a as a trapezoidal groove. The characteristics of the trapezoidal groove structure can improve the contact area and stability between the casting protrusion 221a and the casting groove 211a, and the trapezoidal protrusion after casting can be stably embedded in the trapezoidal groove to avoid the trapezoidal protrusion from being separated from the trapezoidal groove under high-speed rotation, thereby ensuring the firmness and stability of the connection between the end plate 21 and the squirrel cage end ring 22. In general, in order to ensure consistency and overall performance, the shape and size of the casting groove 211a formed on the same end plate 21 should usually be the same, which can simplify the production process on the one hand, and ensure the uniform dispersion of stress at each position on the other hand.
[0047] In order to improve the overall safety of the motor rotor 100, in one embodiment of the present application, the iron core 2 includes two end plates 21 and two squirrel cage end rings 22, the two squirrel cage end rings 22 are arranged at intervals, the two end plates 21 are located between the two squirrel cage end rings 22, and the end surface of each end plate 21 away from the other end plate 21 is formed with a recess 211, and the end surface of each squirrel cage end ring 22 close to the other squirrel cage end ring 22 is formed with a convex portion 221. For the specific structure of the convex portion 221 and the concave portion 211, please refer to the embodiment described above.
[0048] The present application also provides a motor, including a motor rotor 100. The specific structure of the motor rotor 100 refers to the above embodiment. Since the motor adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described one by one here.
[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the patent scope of the utility model. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the utility model specification and drawings under the utility model concept, or directly / indirectly used in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A motor rotor, characterized in that: It comprises a main shaft and an iron core, wherein the iron core comprises: an end plate, the end plate being sleeved on the main shaft, and an end surface of the end plate being formed with a recess; and A squirrel cage end ring is sleeved on the main shaft, and an end surface of the squirrel cage end ring is formed with a convex portion which is an integral structure with the squirrel cage end ring, and the convex portion is embedded in the concave portion so that the squirrel cage end ring and the end plate are connected as a whole.
2. The motor rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end surface of the end plate is formed with a plurality of the recesses, and the plurality of the recesses are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the main shaft; The end surface of the squirrel cage end ring is formed with a plurality of protrusions, and the plurality of protrusions are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of recesses.
3. The motor rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The recess includes a plurality of casting grooves spaced apart in a radial direction of the main axis; The convex portion includes a plurality of casting protrusions which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of casting grooves, and the plurality of casting protrusions are protrudingly formed on the end surface of the squirrel cage end ring close to the end plate.
4. The motor rotor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end surface of the end plate is formed with a partition convex rib extending in the radial direction of the main axis, and the partition convex rib is located between any two adjacent convex portions; The end surface of the squirrel cage end ring is formed with a partition groove which is engaged with the partition rib.
5. The motor rotor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end surface of the end plate is formed with a plurality of partition convex ribs, the plurality of partition convex ribs are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the main shaft, and the plurality of partition convex ribs are respectively arranged between two adjacent convex portions; The end surface of the squirrel cage end ring is formed with a plurality of partition grooves, and the plurality of partition grooves are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of partition ribs.
6. The motor rotor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The partition ribs are arranged to gradually decrease in size along the edge of the end plate in the direction of the main axis.
7. The motor rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end surface of the end plate is formed with a plurality of the recesses, and the plurality of the recesses are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the main shaft; The end surface of the squirrel cage end ring is formed with a plurality of protrusions, and the plurality of protrusions are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of recesses.
8. The motor rotor according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: The casting trough is one of a trapezoidal trough, a rectangular trough or a semicircular trough.
9. The motor rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The iron core includes two end plates and two cage end rings, the two cage end rings are arranged at intervals, the two end plates are located between the two cage end rings, the end surface of each end plate facing away from the other end plate is formed with the recessed portion, and the end surface of each cage end ring close to the other cage end ring is formed with the protruding portion.
10. A motor, characterized in that: The electric machine comprises the electric machine rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 9.