A multi-position switch

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of switches, and specifically relates to a multi-gear switch, comprising a rotating shaft, a main module and an auxiliary module; the main module comprises a rotating component one and a conductive head one, the rotating shaft drives the rotating component one to contact with the conductive head one and is in a closed state; the auxiliary module comprises a rotating component two and a conductive head two, the rotating shaft drives the rotating component two to contact with the conductive head two and is in a closed state; the working states of the main module and the auxiliary module include simultaneous disconnection, simultaneous closing, and one closing and the other disconnecting, the main module is connected to a main circuit, the auxiliary module is connected to a detection circuit, the rotating shaft first drives the rotating component two to contact with the conductive head two, the detection circuit is connected, and the detection unit on the detection circuit is used to detect whether the main circuit is normal, if there is no abnormality, the rotating shaft is adjusted to only drive the rotating component one to contact with the conductive head one, the main circuit is connected, the electrical equipment can operate normally, and the problem of current backflow after the PV direct current input polarity is reversed is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of switches, and in particular relates to a multi-position switch. Background Art

[0002] In the photovoltaic power generation system, because the current and voltage of a single circuit are small, in order to more effectively utilize the maximum output of the inverter, multiple PV strings will be connected in parallel to the input end of the photovoltaic power generation system. When one or more strings are reversed in polarity, the string with correct polarity will inject current into the string with reverse polarity. When the reverse current exceeds the limit current that the solar panel can withstand, it will cause damage to the solar panel or even burn and cause a fire, especially in the topology of the string with a common negative pole. Therefore, according to the characteristics of the solar panel, the industry will only connect two inputs in parallel at the input end of the inverter, that is, the front end of the isolation switch, and parallelize again through the back end of the isolation switch while ensuring the correct polarity.

[0003] In order to ensure the correct input polarity, the common practices in the industry are: 1. Connecting fuses in series to each string to solve the reverse connection problem. This solution has certain problems, such as: the number of fuses used is equal to the number of strings, which greatly increases the cost of the whole machine; because the voltage across the fuse will reach twice the string voltage at the moment of disconnection, the fuse is generally selected with the maximum string voltage, which is much smaller than twice the string voltage. At this time, the twice string voltage across the fuse will cause the fuse to fail to disconnect normally when it blows. 2. Use the main and auxiliary switches. The main switch is connected to one string. After the system has power, the system will start the polarity check procedure, make a judgment, and give the result of the judgment. This solution has a complex system and there are multiple switches. In addition, when connecting to the grid, it is necessary to close the main switch first and then the auxiliary switch. Figure 1 As shown, the existing switch adopts two PV parallel connections at the front end and a common negative pole at the back end of the switch. When the polarity of one of the paths is reversed, the current of multiple paths will be reversed (indicated by the arrows in the figure) to the path with reverse polarity. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a multi-position switch, which solves the problem of DC multi-path reverse connection by optimizing the existing switch system and switch sequence.

[0005] The content of the utility model includes: a rotating shaft, a main module and an auxiliary module sleeved on the rotating shaft; the main module includes a rotating component one and a conductive head one, and the rotating shaft drives the rotating component one to contact with the conductive head one in a closed state; the auxiliary module includes a rotating component two and a conductive head two, and the rotating shaft drives the rotating component two to contact with the conductive head two in a closed state; the working states of the main module and the auxiliary module include simultaneous disconnection, simultaneous closing, and one closing and the other disconnecting, the main module is connected to the main circuit, and the auxiliary module is connected to the detection circuit.

[0006] Optionally, the axial movement of the rotating shaft and the rotating component 2 have two states of disengagement and connection, and the rotating shaft and the rotating component 1 are always in connection.

[0007] Optionally, the rotating component 2 is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft, and the rotating component 1 and the rotating component 2 are matched with the rotating shaft through splines.

[0008] Optionally, the rotating component 1 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, the rotating component 2 is movably sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the rotating component 2 cooperates with the rotating shaft through a step structure, so that the rotating shaft drives the rotating component 2 in a single direction.

[0009] Optionally, a notch along the axial direction is provided at a portion where the rotating shaft cooperates with the second rotating component, and a protrusion is provided on the inner side of the second rotating component.

[0010] Optionally, the main module further includes a support member 1, and the rotating component 1 is rotatably disposed on the support member 1.

[0011] Optionally, the auxiliary module further includes a second support member, and the second rotating component is rotatably disposed on the second support member.

[0012] Optionally, the second support member is an insulating square plate structure.

[0013] Optionally, the conductive head 1 and the conductive head 2 are staggered along the direction of the rotation axis.

[0014] Optionally, 2-6 main modules are arranged on the rotating shaft.

[0015] The beneficial effect of the utility model is that the rotating shaft first drives the rotating component two to contact the conductive head two, and the detection circuit is connected. The detection unit on the detection circuit is used to detect whether the main circuit is normal. If there is no abnormality, the rotating shaft is adjusted to only drive the rotating component one to contact the conductive head one, and the main circuit is connected. The electrical equipment can operate normally, and the problem of current backflow after the PV DC input polarity is reversed is solved. The working states of the main module and the auxiliary module include simultaneous disconnection, simultaneous closing, and one closing and the other disconnection, that is, the switch is set with 3 gears or 4 gears. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is the circuit principle diagram of the existing multi-position switch;

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-position switch provided by the utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the main module provided by the utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the auxiliary module provided by the utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the working process of the multi-position switch provided by the utility model;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a circuit schematic diagram of the multi-position switch provided by the utility model.

[0022] In the figure: 10, rotating shaft; 20, main module; 201, rotating component one; 202, conductive head one; 203, supporting component one; 30, auxiliary module; 301, rotating component two; 302, conductive head two; 303, supporting component two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] like Figure 2-6 As shown, the utility model provides a multi-speed switch, comprising: a rotating shaft 10, a main module 20 and an auxiliary module 30 sleeved on the rotating shaft 10; the main module 20 comprises a rotating component 1 201 and a conductive head 1 202, the rotating shaft 10 drives the rotating component 1 201 to contact with the conductive head 1 202 in a closed state; the auxiliary module 30 comprises a rotating component 2 301 and a conductive head 2 302, the rotating shaft 10 drives the rotating component 2 301 to contact with the conductive head 2 302 in a closed state; the working states of the main module 20 and the auxiliary module 30 include simultaneous disconnection, simultaneous closing, and one closed and the other disconnected, the main module 20 is connected to the main circuit, and the auxiliary module 30 is connected to the detection circuit.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the multi-speed switch provided by the utility model, the rotating shaft 10 first drives the rotating component 2 301 to contact with the conductive head 2 302, and the detection circuit is connected. The detection unit on the detection circuit is used to detect whether the main circuit is normal. If there is no abnormality, the rotating shaft 10 is adjusted to only drive the rotating component 1 201 to contact with the conductive head 1 202, and the main circuit is connected. The electrical equipment can operate normally, and the problem of current backflow after the PV DC input polarity is reversed is solved. The working states of the main module 20 and the auxiliary module 30 include simultaneous disconnection, simultaneous closing, and one closing and the other disconnection, that is, the switch is provided with 3 gears or 4 gears.

[0025] In one embodiment, the axial movement of the rotating shaft 10 and the rotating component 2 301 have two states: disconnection and connection. The rotating shaft 10 and the rotating component 1 201 are always in connection.

[0026] Specifically, the second rotating component 301 is disposed at the end of the rotating shaft 10, and the rotating component 1 201 and the second rotating component 301 are matched with the rotating shaft 10 through a spline. After the rotating shaft 10 is rotated to first drive the second rotating component 301 to contact with the second conductive head 302 (ON1 state), the rotating shaft 10 is pulled outward to disengage from the spline of the second rotating component 301, and then the rotating shaft 10 is continued to rotate to drive the two joints of the rotating component 1 201 to contact with the conductive head 1 202 (ON2 state). Figure 6 shown.

[0027] Among them, in the actual operation process of the photovoltaic inverter system, there are many operating modes, including but not limited to the following:

[0028] Initial gear position 1: the initial system is completely disconnected, that is, the auxiliary module 30 and the main power module are completely disconnected (OFF state);

[0029] Position 2: The auxiliary module 30 is connected to the system to supply power to the system, and can be connected by one PV or multiple PVs (ON1 state);

[0030] Gear position 3: Auxiliary module 30 and main power module are all connected to the system. The system operates normally (ON2 state);

[0031] Position 4: After the set delay switch is actuated, the auxiliary module 30 is actuated and disconnected. During this process, the main power module remains connected;

[0032] Position 5: System abnormality or maintenance, main power module disconnected;

[0033] The working order is as follows: gear 1-2-3-4-5; gear 1-2-3-5; gear 1-3-4-5; gear 1-3-5.

[0034] In another embodiment, the rotating component 1 201 is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 10, and the rotating component 2 301 is movably mounted on the rotating shaft 10, and the rotating component 2 301 cooperates with the rotating shaft 10 through a step structure, so that the rotating shaft 10 drives the rotating component 2 301 in a single direction.

[0035] Specifically, the part where the rotating shaft 10 and the rotating component 2 301 cooperate is provided with a notch along the axial direction, and a protrusion is provided on the inner side of the rotating component 2 301. In the OFF state, the rotating shaft 10 rotates clockwise to abut against the protrusion, driving the rotating component 2 301 to contact the conductive head 2 302 (ON1 state), and the rotating component 1 201 rotates along with it, without passing through the conductive head 1 202, so that the main circuit will not be energized, and then the rotating shaft 10 is rotated in the opposite direction, the rotating component 1 201 contacts the conductive head 1 202, and the main circuit is energized, and the rotating shaft 10 continues to rotate, and the rotating component 1 201 is disconnected from the conductive head 1 202, until the rotating shaft 10 contacts the other side of the protrusion, driving the rotating component 2 301 to disconnect from the conductive head 2 302, and the rotating shaft 10 is rotated in the opposite direction, and the rotating shaft 10 is separated from the protrusion again (OFF state), and the rotating component 1 201 contacts the conductive head 1 202 (gear position 4).

[0036] In one embodiment, the main module 20 further includes a support member 203, and the rotating component 201 is rotatably disposed on the support member 203, which has structural support and insulation functions.

[0037] In one embodiment, the second support member 303 is an insulating square plate-shaped structure, which is convenient for positioning and installation; in some embodiments, the second support member 303 is an insulating circular plate-shaped structure.

[0038] It should be noted that the rotating component 1 201 and the supporting component 1 203 as well as the rotating component 2 301 and the supporting component 2 303 adopt a damping fixed-axis rotation structure, which can maintain the stability of the positions of the rotating component 1 201 and the rotating component 2 301 in each gear position.

[0039] In this embodiment, the conductive head 1 202 and the conductive head 2 302 are staggered along the direction of the rotating shaft 10. In some embodiments, the conductive head 1 202 and the conductive head 2 302 are overlapped along the direction of the rotating shaft 10, each main module 20 has two conductive heads 1 202, and the two conductive heads 1 202 are respectively arranged on both sides of the rotating component 1 201, and each main module 20 has two conductive heads 2 302, and the two conductive heads 2 302 are respectively arranged on both sides of the rotating component 2 301.

[0040] In this embodiment, a plurality of main modules 20 are disposed on the rotating shaft 10 . Preferably, 2-6 main modules 20 are disposed on the rotating shaft 10 , and each main module 20 is used to connect a corresponding main circuit.

[0041] A person skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to imply that the scope of protection of the present application is limited to these examples. In line with the concept of the present application, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of one or more embodiments of the present application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity.

[0042] One or more embodiments of the present application are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the present application. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-position switch, characterized in that: include: A rotating shaft (10), a main module (20) sleeved on the rotating shaft (10), and an auxiliary module (30); the main module (20) comprises a rotating component 1 (201) and a conductive head 1 (202); the rotating shaft (10) drives the rotating component 1 (201) to contact the conductive head 1 (202) in a closed state; the auxiliary module (30) comprises a rotating component 2 (301) and a conductive head 2 (302); the rotating shaft (10) drives the rotating component 2 (301) to contact the conductive head 2 (302) in a closed state; the working states of the main module (20) and the auxiliary module (30) include simultaneous disconnection, simultaneous closing, and one closed and the other disconnected; the main module (20) is connected to a main circuit, and the auxiliary module (30) is connected to a detection circuit.

2. The multi-position switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial movement of the rotating shaft (10) and the rotating component 2 (301) have two states: disengagement and connection. The rotating shaft (10) and the rotating component 1 (201) are always in connection.

3. The multi-position switch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second rotating component (301) is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft (10), and the first rotating component (201) and the second rotating component (301) are matched with the rotating shaft (10) via splines.

4. The multi-position switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating component 1 (201) is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (10), and the rotating component 2 (301) is movably sleeved on the rotating shaft (10), and the rotating component 2 (301) and the rotating shaft (10) are matched through a stepped structure, so that the rotating shaft (10) drives the rotating component 2 (301) in a single direction.

5. The multi-position switch according to claim 4, characterized in that: A notch is provided along the axial direction at the portion where the rotating shaft (10) cooperates with the second rotating component (301), and a protrusion is provided on the inner side of the second rotating component (301).

6. The multi-position switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main module (20) further comprises a support member 1 (203), and the rotating component 1 (201) is rotatably disposed on the support member 1 (203).

7. The multi-position switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary module (30) further comprises a second support member (303), and the second rotating component (301) is rotatably disposed on the second support member (303).

8. The multi-position switch according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second support member (303) is an insulating square plate-shaped structure.

9. The multi-position switch according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The conductive head 1 (202) and the conductive head 2 (302) are staggered along the direction of the rotation axis (10).

10. The multi-position switch according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: 2 to 6 main modules (20) are arranged on the rotating shaft (10).

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