A laboratory-specific sorghum single ear threshing and shelling device

Abstract

The present application relates to a laboratory-specific sorghum single ear threshing and shelling device, comprising: a shell, a feeding port is arranged at the top of the shell, and a discharging port and a shelling port are arranged at the bottom respectively; a threshing zone is arranged inside the shell, a threshing module is arranged in the threshing zone, and the threshing module is used to thresh the sorghum; a shelling zone is arranged below the threshing zone inside the shell, a shelling module is arranged in the shelling zone, and the shelling module is used to shell the sorghum grains after threshing; a separation and cleaning zone is arranged below the shelling zone inside the shell, a separation and cleaning module is arranged in the separation and cleaning zone, and the separation and cleaning module is used to separate broken shells and sorghum grains, and the separated broken shells flow out from the shelling port and the sorghum grains flow out from the discharging port. The device of the present application can ensure that all varieties of sorghum can be cleanly threshed and shelled when testing seeds, and no sorghum grains will remain in the device to avoid variety mixing, and at the same time, the integrity of the grains can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of sorghum seed testing and detection, and in particular to a laboratory-specific sorghum single ear threshing and shelling device. Background Art

[0002] When testing sorghum in the laboratory, some single-ear threshers or manual threshing are usually used. If the sorghum variety has good threshing properties, pure sorghum grains can be easily obtained. However, when dealing with different sorghum germplasm resources, the threshing properties are different due to the different varieties, and the threshing effects are also different. On the other hand, the hulling properties of sorghum also vary greatly among different germplasm resources. If ordinary threshers or manual threshing are used during seed testing, a large amount of sorghum husks will be attached to the grains of sorghum varieties with poor hulling properties, resulting in large deviations in the seed testing data and other quality detection data and low accuracy.

[0003] Among the current threshing devices, there is no single-ear processing device that can both thresh and shell all sorghum germplasm resources, and many single shelling devices adopt the method of stick crushing when shelling the sorghum, which will lead to an increase in broken grains, affect the seed testing effect, and cause a waste of high-quality resources. On the other hand, some devices will have components similar to conveyor belts inside, which will make the structure complicated, and there is also the risk of residual grains causing variety mixing.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to provide a laboratory-specific sorghum single ear threshing and shelling device to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] Based on this, a laboratory-specific single-ear sorghum threshing and shelling device is provided. Through the use of this device, it can be ensured that all varieties of sorghum can be cleanly threshed and shelled during seed testing, and no sorghum grains will remain in the device to avoid mixing of varieties. At the same time, the integrity of the grains can be guaranteed, that is, the number of broken rice grains is low.

[0006] On the one hand, a laboratory-specific single-ear sorghum threshing and shelling device is provided, comprising: a shell body, wherein a feed inlet is provided on the top side of the shell body, and a discharge port and a shelling port are respectively provided on the bottom side of the shell body; wherein a threshing zone is provided above the interior of the shell body, a threshing module is provided in the threshing zone, and the threshing module is used for threshing the sorghum; a shelling zone is provided below the threshing zone in the interior of the shell body, a shelling module is provided in the shelling zone, and the shelling module is used for shelling the threshed sorghum grains; a separation and cleaning zone is provided below the shelling zone in the interior of the shell body, a separation and cleaning zone is provided with a separation and cleaning module, and the separation and cleaning module is used for separating broken shells and sorghum grains, and the separated broken shells flow out from the shelling port, and the sorghum grains flow out from the discharge port.

[0007] An optional solution is that the threshing module includes a fixed tooth rod, a rotating shaft and a stick tooth rod; the fixed tooth rod is arranged on the inner wall of the shell, and is evenly spaced from top to bottom around the inner circumferential wall of the shell to form a plurality of layers; the rotating shaft is vertically arranged in the middle position of the shell and is driven by a bottom motor to rotate; the stick tooth rod is connected to the outer circumferential wall of the rotating shaft, and is evenly spaced from top to bottom around the outer circumferential wall of the rotating shaft to form a plurality of layers, and the stick tooth rod is correspondingly inserted between two adjacent fixed tooth rods.

[0008] An optional solution is that a guide plate is further provided inside the shell, and the guide plate is provided between the threshing module and the shelling module; the guide plate is inclined downwardly toward the shelling module.

[0009] An optional solution is that the shelling module includes a dermabrasion groove, a dermabrasion rotating wheel and a mounting plate; the bottom of the dermabrasion groove is installed in the shell through the mounting plate; the dermabrasion rotating wheel is rotatably arranged in the dermabrasion groove, and there is a gap between the dermabrasion rotating wheel and the inner wall of the dermabrasion groove; the bottom of the dermabrasion groove is provided with a discharge hole connected to the separation and cleaning area.

[0010] An optional solution is that the gap is configured to be gradually narrowed from top to bottom.

[0011] An optional solution is that the dermabrasion groove and the dermabrasion dynamic wheel are both made of colloid material.

[0012] An optional solution is that the separation and cleaning module includes a screen plate and a fan; the screen plate includes a first screen segment and a second screen segment that are inclined, the first screen segment is inclined downward toward the discharge port, and the second screen segment is inclined downward toward the shell outlet; the fan is arranged below the first screen segment.

[0013] An optional solution is that a steel wire mesh is provided at a position of the first screen segment near the discharge port; and the fan is provided at a position below the steel wire mesh.

[0014] An optional solution is that a plurality of heat dissipation holes are provided on the bottom side of the shell at positions corresponding to the motor.

[0015] An optional solution is that a top cover that can be opened or closed is provided on the top of the shell.

[0016] Beneficial effects:

[0017] The above-mentioned laboratory-specific single-ear sorghum threshing and shelling device has a simple structure and multiple functions, and adopts a cylindrical structure with fewer complex accessories. The process is simple but has multiple functions, and includes three parts: a threshing area, a shelling area, and a separation and cleaning area. The sorghum is threshed in the threshing area, and the sorghum grains after threshing enter the shelling area for shelling. The sorghum grains and broken shells or glume husks after shelling enter the separation and cleaning area for separation, and the separated broken shells or glume husks flow out from the shell outlet, and the separated sorghum grains flow out from the material outlet. The device can ensure that all varieties of sorghum can be cleanly threshed and shelled when testing, and no sorghum grains will remain in the device to avoid mixing of varieties. At the same time, it can also ensure the integrity of the grains, that is, the number of broken rice grains is low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a front view of the laboratory-specific sorghum single ear threshing and shelling device in this embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A vertical section view of

[0020] Figure 3 It is a side view of the laboratory-specific sorghum single ear threshing and shelling device in this embodiment;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A vertical section view of

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the laboratory-specific sorghum single ear threshing and shelling device in this embodiment.

[0023] Figure markings: 1. Shell; 11. Feed inlet; 12. Discharge outlet; 13. Shell outlet; 14. Threshing area; 15. Shelling area; 16. Separation and cleaning area; 17. Heat dissipation hole; 18. Upper cover; 2. Threshing module; 21. Fixed gear rod; 22. Rotating shaft; 23. Cylinder section; 24. Stick gear rod; 3. Shelling module; 31. Grinding groove; 311. Discharge hole; 32. Grinding moving wheel; 33. Mounting plate; 4. Separation and cleaning module; 41. Screen plate; 411. First screen section; 4111. Wire mesh; 412. Second screen section; 42. Fan; 5. Motor; 6. Guide plate; 7. Gap; 8. Support ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0025] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in this embodiment only illustrate the basic concept of the present application in a schematic manner, and therefore the drawings only show components related to the present application rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complicated.

[0026] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so as to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with this technology. They are not used to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented, and therefore have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportion or adjustment of size, without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by this application, should still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in this application.

[0027] The directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", "longitudinal", "lateral", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "radial", "circumferential" and the like in this specification are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings and are only for the convenience of simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] The embodiment of the present application provides a laboratory-specific single-ear threshing and shelling device for sorghum, which can ensure that all varieties of sorghum can be cleanly threshed and shelled during seed testing, and no sorghum grains will remain in the device to avoid mixing of varieties. At the same time, it can also ensure the integrity of the grains, that is, the number of broken rice grains is low.

[0029] The following is a detailed description of a laboratory-specific sorghum ear threshing and shelling device provided in this embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, it includes a cylindrical shell 1, a feed port 11 is arranged on the top side of the shell 1, and a discharge port 12 and a shell outlet 13 are respectively arranged on the bottom side, the discharge port 12 is arranged below the feed port 11, and the shell outlet 13 is arranged beside the discharge port 12 and higher than the discharge port 12, and the opening size of the shell outlet 13 is larger than the opening size of the discharge port 12; wherein, a threshing area 14, a shelling area 15 and a separation and cleaning area 16 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom inside the shell 1, a threshing module 2 is arranged in the threshing area 14, and the threshing module 2 is used for threshing sorghum; a shelling module 3 is arranged in the shelling area 15, and the shelling module 3 is used for shelling the threshed sorghum grains; a separation and cleaning module 4 is arranged in the separation and cleaning area 16, and the separation and cleaning module 4 is used for separating broken shells and sorghum grains, and the separated broken shells flow out from the shell outlet 13, and the sorghum grains flow out from the discharge port 12.

[0030] The laboratory-specific single-ear threshing and shelling device for sorghum in the present application has a simple structure, fewer complex accessories, but more functions, including a threshing zone 14, a shelling zone 15 and a separation and cleaning zone 16. The sorghum is threshed in the threshing zone 14, and the threshed sorghum grains enter the shelling zone 15 for shelling. The shelled sorghum grains and broken husks or glumes enter the separation and cleaning zone 16 for separation, and the separated broken husks or glumes flow out from the shell outlet 13, and the separated sorghum grains flow out from the discharge port 12. The device can ensure that all varieties of sorghum can be cleanly threshed and shelled when testing, and no sorghum grains will remain in the device to avoid mixing of varieties. At the same time, the integrity of the grains can be ensured, that is, the number of broken rice grains is low.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, in the present embodiment, it should be noted that the threshing module 2 includes a fixed tooth rod 21, a rotating shaft 22, a cylindrical section 23 and a stick tooth rod 24, and the fixed tooth rod 21 is arranged as a plurality of identical ones, and a plurality of fixed tooth rods 21 are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the shell 1, and are arranged in a plurality of layers at uniform intervals from top to bottom around the inner circumferential wall of the shell 1, and a spacing is left between two fixed tooth rods 21 on the same horizontal plane, and the spacing is provided for the cylindrical section 23 to be installed.

[0032] The rotating shaft 22 is vertically arranged and located in the middle of the housing 1. The bottom of the rotating shaft 22 extends to a position close to the bottom of the housing 1. A motor 5 is arranged at the bottom of the housing 1. The output shaft of the motor 5 is coaxially connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft 22. Then, the rotating shaft 22 is driven by the motor 5. Preferably, a plurality of heat dissipation holes 17 (such as Figure 3 As shown), the heat dissipation holes 17 can be used to dissipate heat from the motor 5.

[0033] A cylindrical section 23 is coaxially sleeved on the upper end of the rotating shaft 22, and the cylindrical section 23 and the rotating shaft 22 are fixedly connected. A plurality of stick tooth rods 24 are provided. After passing through the cylindrical section 23, the plurality of stick tooth rods 24 are connected to the outer circumference of the rotating shaft 22 and are evenly spaced and arranged in a plurality of layers from top to bottom around the outer circumference of the cylindrical section 23. The stick tooth rod 24 is inserted exactly between two adjacent fixed tooth rods 21.

[0034] Thus, the sorghum enters the shell 1 through the feed port 11, and first passes through the threshing module 2 in the threshing area 14 for threshing. There is a fixed tooth rod 21 on the inner wall of the shell 1, and the rotating shaft 22 is driven by the motor 5 to rotate. The rotating shaft 22 rotates with the cylindrical section 23 and the stick tooth rod 24. During the rotation, the grains on the sorghum are "combed" off, thereby realizing the threshing operation, and then the threshed sorghum grains enter the shelling area 15 below for shelling.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, a guide plate 6 is provided at the lower part of the threshing area 14, and the guide plate 6 is inclined downward in the direction of the shelling module 3. The guide plate 6 is provided between the threshing module 2 and the shelling module 3. Specifically, the guide plate 6 is provided in a cone shape with a large opening at the upper end and a small opening at the lower end. The end with a larger opening in the guide plate 6 is provided at the lower end of the threshing module 2, and the end with a smaller opening in the guide plate 6 is provided at the upper end of the shelling module 3. Thus, the threshed sorghum grains fall onto the guide plate 6, and slide into the shelling module 3 through the guide plate 6 for shelling. The examination of sorghum germplasm resources is very important, and a little carelessness will cause mixing between varieties. In this application, with the help of gravity, a guide plate 6 with an inclined surface is provided below the threshing module 2, so that the sorghum grains can be completely dropped into the shelling area 15 for processing with the help of the guide plate 6 by gravity, and no sorghum grains will remain in the device to prevent the mixing of varieties.

[0036] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, it should be noted that the shelling module 3 includes a dermabrasion groove 31, a dermabrasion moving wheel 32 and a mounting plate 33. The mounting plate 33 is horizontally arranged and fixed on the inner peripheral wall of the housing 1. A ring-shaped support ring 8 is fixedly arranged on the mounting plate 33. The upper end of the support ring 8 is connected to the lower end of the guide plate 6, so that the guide plate 6 is further supported by the support ring 8. The dermabrasion groove 31 is arranged in the middle position of the housing 1 and is located in the support ring 8. The lower end of the dermabrasion groove 31 is installed on the mounting plate 33, and the upper end extends to the lower end of the docking guide plate 6. The dermabrasion groove 31 can be supported by the mounting plate 33.

[0037] The dermabrasion moving wheel 32 matches the dermabrasion groove 31, and the dermabrasion moving wheel 32 is rotatably arranged in the dermabrasion groove 31, and there is a gap 7 between the dermabrasion moving wheel 32 and the inner wall of the dermabrasion groove 31, and the width of the gap 7 is gradually narrowed from top to bottom, so that no matter how big or small the particles are, they can enter the gap 7; the rotating shaft 22 is coaxially penetrated through the dermabrasion moving wheel 32 and is fixedly connected, that is, the rotating shaft 22 can be rotated with the dermabrasion moving wheel 32 in the dermabrasion groove 31. The groove bottom of the dermabrasion groove 31 is provided with a discharge hole 311 connected to the separation and cleaning area 16.

[0038] The threshed sorghum grains pass through the guide plate 6 into the gap 7 between the grinding wheel 32 and the grinding trough 31. Under the action of rotary grinding, the sorghum grains are shelled. When the sorghum grains reach the bottom of the grinding trough 31 after shelling, they flow out from the discharge hole 311 to the separation and cleaning area 16.

[0039] In some embodiments, the grinding groove 31 and the grinding wheel 32 are both made of colloid material, and the outer wall of the grinding wheel 32 is a spiral structure. The sorghum grains are ground vertically in the shelling area 15 so that they fall into the separation and cleaning area 16 below. The sorghum grains are guided to the discharge port 12 through the separation and cleaning area 16 to flow out. No grains remain in the whole process. The grinding groove 31 and the grinding wheel 32 are both made of colloid material. The integrity of the grain shelling is high. No matter whether the sorghum grains are large or small, the sorghum grains will not be damaged. The tolerance is strong and meets the needs of germplasm resource testing.

[0040] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 As shown, in the present embodiment, it is also necessary to explain that the separation and cleaning module 4 includes a screen plate 41 and a fan 42, the screen plate 41 includes a first screen segment 411 and a second screen segment 412 which are arranged obliquely, the upper end of the first screen segment 411 and the upper end of the second screen segment 412 are connected, the first screen segment 411 is arranged obliquely downward in the direction of the discharge port 12, the second screen segment 412 is arranged obliquely downward in the direction of the shell outlet 13, and the first screen segment 411 is provided with an opening at a position close to the discharge port 12, a wire mesh 4111 is provided at the opening position, and the fan 42 is provided at a position below the screen plate 41.

[0041] After the sorghum grains are shelled by the shelling module 3, the grains and broken husks flow out from the discharge hole 311 and fall naturally. When the fan 42 below rotates, the wind blows up the light husks or broken husks through the wire mesh 4111. Since the shelling outlet 13 has a large opening, the wind can easily blow out the broken husks, while the heavier sorghum grains fall on the first screen segment 411 and slide along the slope of the first screen segment 411 to the discharge port 12 for outflow, thereby completing the complete separation of the grains and broken husks, ensuring the quality of sorghum shelling, and providing a screen plate 41 with a steep slope shape is beneficial to the separation of grains and husk residues.

[0042] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, an upper cover 18 is provided on the top of the housing 1, and the upper cover 18 can be opened. Some varieties of sorghum stalks are very thick, and the threshing effect using the stick tooth rod 24 may not be ideal. If the threshing cannot be turned, the sorghum stalks stuck in the device can also be removed by opening the upper cover 18, so that the upper cover 18 can be opened flexibly as needed.

[0043] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: sorghum is added through the feed inlet 11, the sorghum enters the threshing area 14 for threshing, and then the threshed sorghum grains slide into the shelling area 15 through the guide plate 6, and in the shelling area 15, the shelled grains and broken shells are dropped on the screen plate 41 and dispersed by vertical spiral grinding, and the dispersed grains and broken shells are separated by the action of the fan 42, and when the fan 42 rotates, the wind blows up the light broken shells or husks through the wire mesh 4111, and the shell outlet 13 has a large opening, and the wind can easily blow the broken shells or husks out to the shell outlet 13, and the heavier sorghum grains fall on the first screen segment 411 and slide along the slope to the discharge port 12 to flow out, thereby completing the complete separation of the grains and broken shells, and ensuring the shelling quality of sorghum.

[0044] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0045] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A laboratory-specific sorghum ear threshing and shelling device, characterized in that: include: A shell (1), wherein the top side of the shell (1) is provided with a feed inlet (11), and the bottom side is provided with a discharge port (12) and a shell outlet (13); wherein; A threshing area (14) is arranged above the interior of the housing (1), and a threshing module (2) is arranged in the threshing area (14), and the threshing module (2) is used to thresh sorghum; A shelling area (15) is arranged inside the housing (1) below the threshing area (14), and a shelling module (3) is arranged in the shelling area (15), and the shelling module (3) is used to perform shelling processing on the threshed sorghum grains; A separation and cleaning zone (16) is arranged inside the shell (1) below the shelling zone (15), and the separation and cleaning zone (16) is provided with a separation and cleaning module (4). The separation and cleaning module (4) is used to separate the broken shells and sorghum grains, and the separated broken shells flow out from the shell outlet (13) and the sorghum grains flow out from the material outlet (12).

2. The laboratory-specific sorghum ear threshing and shelling device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The threshing module (2) comprises a fixed tooth rod (21), a rotating shaft (22) and a stick tooth rod (24); The fixed gear rods (21) are arranged on the inner wall of the shell (1), and are evenly spaced and arranged in a plurality of layers from top to bottom around the inner wall of the shell (1); The rotating shaft (22) is vertically arranged at the middle of the housing (1) and is driven by a bottom motor (5) to rotate. The stick tooth rod (24) is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the rotating shaft (22), and is evenly spaced from top to bottom around the outer peripheral wall of the rotating shaft (22) to form a plurality of layers, and the stick tooth rod (24) is correspondingly inserted between two adjacent fixed tooth rods (21).

3. The laboratory-specific sorghum ear threshing and shelling device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A guide plate (6) is further provided inside the housing (1), and the guide plate (6) is provided between the threshing module (2) and the shelling module (3); The guide plate (6) is arranged to be inclined downward in the direction of the shelling module (3).

4. The laboratory-specific sorghum ear threshing and shelling device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The shelling module (3) comprises a dermabrasion groove (31), a dermabrasion moving wheel (32) and a mounting plate (33); The bottom of the dermabrasion groove (31) is installed in the housing (1) via a mounting plate (33); The dermabrasion moving wheel (32) is rotatably disposed in the dermabrasion groove (31), and a gap (7) is provided between the dermabrasion moving wheel (32) and the inner wall of the dermabrasion groove (31); The bottom of the grinding tank (31) is provided with a discharge hole (311) connected to the separation and cleaning area (16).

5. The laboratory-specific sorghum ear threshing and shelling device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The width of the gap (7) gradually narrows from top to bottom.

6. The laboratory-specific sorghum ear threshing and shelling device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The dermabrasion groove (31) and the dermabrasion moving wheel (32) are both made of colloid material.

7. The laboratory-specific sorghum ear threshing and shelling device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The separation and cleaning module (4) comprises a screen plate (41) and a fan (42); The screen plate (41) comprises a first screen segment (411) and a second screen segment (412) which are arranged obliquely, wherein the first screen segment (411) is arranged obliquely downward in the direction of the material outlet (12), and the second screen segment (412) is arranged obliquely downward in the direction of the shell outlet (13); The fan (42) is arranged below the first screen segment (411).

8. The laboratory-specific sorghum ear threshing and shelling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first screen section (411) is provided with a steel wire mesh (4111) at a position close to the discharge port (12); The fan (42) is arranged below the wire mesh (4111).

9. The laboratory-specific sorghum ear threshing and shelling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of heat dissipation holes (17) are arranged on the bottom side of the housing (1) at positions corresponding to the motor (5).

10. The laboratory-specific sorghum ear threshing and shelling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the housing (1) is provided with an upper cover (18) which can be opened or closed.

Images