Lithium battery pack for passive fire extinguishing structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a lithium battery PACK with a passive fire extinguishing structure, which relates to the technical field of automotive batteries and is used to solve the problem that the surplus time of battery thermal runaway prevention and control is small and the thermal runaway prevention and control of the battery pack interferes with its heat dissipation. The utility model mainly improves the conduction and elimination rate of heat from battery runaway, improves the risk avoidance time of battery thermal runaway, and improves the reliability of the fire extinguishing measures equipped with the battery by providing a barrier patch and a barrier capsule. By providing an expansion cavity, a barrier capsule, an expansion guide sheet, a packaging cover and an expansion cavity, the scope of damage to the battery by the runaway heat is reduced, and the possibility of secondary damage caused by the thermal runaway of the battery is reduced. By providing a first partition, a storage cavity, a heat flow channel and a feedback disconnecting one-way tube, the possibility of the thermal runaway prevention and control of the battery interfering with the heat dissipation of the battery is reduced, and the coordination effect of heat dissipation and thermal prevention and control is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile batteries, in particular to a lithium battery PACK bag with a passive fire extinguishing structure. Background Art

[0002] With the development of industry, new energy vehicles are becoming more and more popular. Their power mode is different from traditional petroleum energy. New energy vehicles use electricity as part or all of the power source. The source of electricity is wide, and compared with oil, electricity is more sustainable. At present, automobile batteries are key components of power assemblies. Their safety and economy determine the use efficiency of new energy vehicles. Even in some industrial fields, automobile batteries can be directly used as the main energy supply. Automobile batteries have a wide range of uses, and their safety is the basis for ensuring the use of new energy vehicles and other industrial equipment that use them as a power source.

[0003] At present, due to their structural properties, most automotive power batteries will generate working heat inside the battery. The heat from the environment can be regulated by auxiliary temperature control components installed in industrial equipment, while the heat inside the battery is often in a relatively fixed structural state after the assembly is packaged. Therefore, the heat generated inside the battery will cause battery damage if it is not handled properly, affecting the safe use of industrial equipment and the external environment. The deflagration, leakage and other situations caused by its thermal runaway will have serious consequences. The existing automotive battery fire extinguishing structure is roughly divided into active fire extinguishing based on monitoring feedback and passive fire extinguishing structure based on normalized response. Usually, the realization of its fire extinguishing function depends on the fireproof properties of the fire extinguishing agent and the thermal contact material. When a fire occurs in the battery and the thermal contact structure is destroyed, the fire is mainly extinguished by common fire extinguishing agents. These fireproof structures have high requirements for the integrated overall packaging of the integrated battery pack. When the battery is in use, it is difficult to ensure reliable fire prevention and control while maintaining a good heat dissipation effect.

[0004] In the prior art, for example, the U.S. invention patent US20210328304A1 discloses a battery pack. In this utility model patent, an integrated battery pack is encapsulated and isolated by a highly airtight shell, and fire prevention and control is achieved by an isolation belt between the encapsulated shell and the integrated battery pack. After the isolation layer is burned and damaged, the fire extinguishing agent will be used to extinguish the fire part of the integrated battery pack. In this technical solution, there may be a situation where the explosion impact after the battery pack catches fire quickly burns the isolation layer, making it difficult for the fire extinguishing agent to take effect in time, thereby causing the battery packs to burn each other over a large area.

[0005] Korean utility model patent KR2020230002197U discloses an emergency airbag for preventing breathing from fire smoke. In this utility model patent, a foldable airbag assembly is used to isolate the combustion smoke and clean air, thereby serving as a backup buffer for the transfer of combustion smoke. In this technical solution, the isolation effect of the airbag buffering space and the hot smoke generated by the combustion environment is more dependent on the sealing of the air duct. It is possible that the hot smoke from the fire environment enters the airbag and destroys its isolation effect, and the transfer buffering effect of the combustion smoke may be poor. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model aims to provide a lithium battery PACK with a passive fire extinguishing structure to solve the problem that the battery thermal runaway prevention and control time surplus is small and the thermal runaway prevention and control of the battery pack interferes with its heat dissipation.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model specifically provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A lithium battery PACK package of a passive fire extinguishing structure includes a storage box, a storage cavity is provided in the storage box, a battery integration group is provided in the storage cavity, a cover plate and a bottom plate are provided on the storage box, a uniformly distributed fixed flow cavity is provided in the side wall of the storage cavity, an expansion mechanism is provided in the storage cavity, the expansion mechanism includes a barrier patch and a barrier capsule, an expansion cavity is provided in the barrier capsule, and an input end of the barrier capsule is fixedly connected to the barrier patch;

[0009] By setting barrier patches and barrier capsules to isolate and contain the runaway heat, the battery thermal runaway prevention and control time is extended, the spatial range of thermal runaway heat distribution is increased, the battery runaway heat conduction elimination rate is increased, the battery thermal runaway avoidance time is increased, the reliability of the battery's fire extinguishing measures is improved, and the battery's safety of use is improved.

[0010] Preferably, an expansion guide sheet is provided in the side wall of the storage cavity to form an expansion cavity, and a smoke input end of the expansion cavity is fixedly connected to the barrier patch;

[0011] By providing an extended cavity to accommodate the barrier bag, the safety of the battery runaway heat prevention and control treatment is improved, the scope of battery damage caused by runaway heat is reduced, and the battery thermal runaway loss is reduced.

[0012] Preferably, the barrier bladder is made of elastic material;

[0013] By setting a fixed flow cavity and a barrier capsule, the thermal prevention and control cost is reduced and the battery performance is improved.

[0014] Preferably, a packaging cover is slidably connected to the lower end of the expansion cavity, the packaging cover is made of elastic material, and an expansion guide sheet is fixedly connected to the smoke flow end of the barrier bag;

[0015] By providing an expansion guide sheet, a packaging cover and an expansion cavity, the possibility of reverse conduction of the runaway heat control into the interior of the battery is reduced, and the possibility of secondary damage caused by thermal runaway of the battery is reduced.

[0016] Preferably, a first baffle is fixedly connected to the lower end of the storage chamber, a heat flow channel is provided in the first baffle, a distance is left between the end surface of the first baffle in the smoke flow outflow direction and the side wall of the storage chamber, and a feedback breaking one-way pipe is provided in the side wall of the storage chamber;

[0017] By providing the first partition, the storage cavity, the heat flow channel and the feedback disconnect one-way tube, the safety of the battery's temperature environment is improved and the risk of the battery being damaged by impact is reduced; the possibility of the battery thermal runaway prevention and control work interfering with the battery's heat dissipation is reduced, and the coordinated effect of heat dissipation and thermal prevention and control is improved.

[0018] Preferably, an expansion input pipe is fixedly connected to the side wall of the expansion cavity, and a smoke input seat is fixedly connected to the other end of the expansion input pipe, and the smoke input seat is located in the storage cavity;

[0019] By providing a smoke input seat, a barrier patch, an expansion chamber and a storage chamber, the convenience of thermal prevention and control maintenance and the reliability of battery heat dissipation are improved, and the cost of battery thermal prevention and control is reduced.

[0020] Preferably, the main isolation patch is fixedly connected to the end face of the first partition in the direction of smoke input, the end face of the cover plate facing the battery integration group, and the wall surface of the storage cavity side wall facing the battery integration group, and the barrier strengthening layer is fixedly connected to the expansion cavity side wall;

[0021] By providing a main isolation patch, an expansion cavity and a barrier reinforcement layer, the reliability of battery thermal runaway prevention and control is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation of the utility model or the technical solution in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the implementation or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly structure of the lithium battery PACK of the passive fire extinguishing structure of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a lithium battery PACK of the passive fire extinguishing structure of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A local enlarged schematic diagram of the middle A;

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle;

[0027] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point C in the middle;

[0028] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the assembly relationship between the battery integration group and the storage box.

[0029] Figure numbers: storage box 10; storage cavity 11; cover plate 12; fixed flow cavity 13; second partition plate 14; first partition plate 15; battery integration group 16; heat transfer bracket 17; feedback disconnect one-way tube 18; bottom plate 19; expansion cavity 20; expansion mechanism 30; packaging cover 31; heat flow channel 32; barrier patch 33; barrier sac 34; expansion cavity 35; barrier reinforcement layer 37; expansion guide plate 38; anti-break sliding plug 39; expansion input pipe 40; smoke input seat 41; main isolation patch 50; connection installation frame 51. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0031] The following first describes the concepts involved in the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following description of each concept is only to make the content of the present application easier to understand, and does not limit the scope of protection of the present application; at the same time, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other in the absence of conflict. The present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] Refer to the attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 4As shown, the utility model provides a lithium battery PACK package with a passive fire extinguishing structure, including a storage box 10, a storage cavity 11 is provided in the storage box 10, a battery integration group 16 is provided in the storage cavity 11, a cover plate 12 and a bottom plate 19 are provided on the storage box 10, a uniformly distributed fixed flow cavity 13 is provided in the side wall of the storage cavity 11, an expansion mechanism 30 is provided in the storage cavity 11, the position of the expansion mechanism 30 corresponds to the position of the battery integration group 16, the expansion mechanism 30 includes a barrier patch 33 and a barrier capsule 34, an expansion cavity 35 is provided in the barrier capsule 34, the input end of the barrier capsule 34 is fixedly connected to the barrier patch 33, and the barrier patch 33 is located between the battery integration group 16 and the barrier capsule 34;

[0034] The barrier patch 33 can isolate the combustion generated by the temperature-enriched thermal runaway of the battery integration group 16 and directly transfer it to the barrier capsule 34. The thermal runaway of the battery integration group 16 first destroys the barrier patch 33 and then the combustion flue gas is transferred to the expansion chamber 35. The barrier patch 33 can block the transmission of the thermal runaway combustion and absorb part of the runaway heat of the battery integration group 16. The barrier capsule 34 can accommodate the combustion flue gas that expands after the barrier patch 33 is destroyed and dilute the heat dispersed therein. The barrier patch 33 and the barrier capsule 34 transfer the thermal runaway of the battery integration group 16 in sections, which can suppress the thermal runaway and improve the thermal runaway transmission lead of the battery.

[0035] By arranging the barrier patch 33 and the barrier capsule 34 to block and contain the runaway heat, the battery thermal runaway prevention and control time is increased, the thermal runaway heat distribution space is increased, the battery runaway heat conduction elimination rate is increased, the battery thermal runaway avoidance time is increased, the reliability of the battery's fire extinguishing measures is improved, and the battery's safety of use is improved.

[0036] See attached Figure 2 To Attachment Figure 4 As shown, an expansion guide sheet 38 is provided in the side wall of the storage chamber 11 to form an expansion chamber 20, and a smoke input end of the expansion chamber 20 is fixedly connected to a barrier patch 33;

[0037] By setting up the expansion cavity 20 to accommodate the barrier capsule 34, the expansion cavity 20 can limit the destructive expansion tendency direction of the thermal runaway transmission of the barrier capsule 34, expand the runaway heat prevention and control buffer space, can release excessive thermal runaway pressure, reduce the impact of thermal runaway pressure mutation, improve the safety of battery runaway heat prevention and control processing, reduce the scope of battery damage caused by runaway heat, and reduce battery thermal runaway losses.

[0038] See attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 4 As shown, the barrier capsule 34 is made of elastic material, and the barrier capsule 34 is installed in the storage cavity 11 in a folded manner;

[0039] By setting a fixed flow cavity 13 and a barrier capsule 34, the fixed flow cavity 13 can increase the overall heat dissipation contact area of ​​the battery pack and reduce the overall weight, thereby improving the economy of the battery pack; the barrier capsule 34 is folded and arranged in the storage cavity 11, thereby reducing the space occupied by the battery runaway thermal prevention and control, further improving the runaway heat transfer path, increasing the risk avoidance time, reducing the thermal prevention and control cost, and improving the battery use efficiency.

[0040] Refer to the attached Figure 2 To Attachment Figure 4 As shown, the lower end of the expansion chamber 20 is slidably connected with a packaging cover 31, and a limiting installation groove matched with the packaging cover 31 is provided in the side wall of the expansion chamber 20. The packaging cover 31 is made of elastic material, and the smoke input end of the barrier capsule 34 is fixedly connected to the barrier patch 33 through the connection installation frame 51, and the smoke flow end of the barrier capsule 34 is fixedly connected to the expansion guide piece 38;

[0041] When the barrier sac 34 accommodates the conducted uncontrolled hot flue gas, the pressure in the expansion chamber 35 increases, causing the barrier sac 34 to expand, driving the expansion guide piece 38 to expand in the expansion chamber 20. The rigidity of the expansion guide piece 38 is better than that of the barrier sac 34, so that the expansion guide piece 38 guides the expansion direction of the barrier sac 34 toward the outward direction of the expansion chamber 20. At the same time, the packaging cover 31 is pushed by the expansion of the expansion guide piece 38. Under the effect of the elastic properties of the packaging cover 31 and its non-fixed installation in the limit groove of the side wall of the expansion chamber 20, the packaging cover 31 is pushed by the expansion guide piece 38 to pop out of the expansion chamber 20, which can open the expansion chamber 20 and connect the expansion range of the barrier sac 34 to the outside of the storage box 10. By arranging the expansion guide piece 38, the packaging cover 31 and the expansion chamber 20, the possibility of reverse conduction of the uncontrolled heat prevention and control into the battery is reduced, and secondary damage caused by thermal runaway of the battery is avoided, thereby further improving the safety of battery use.

[0042] Refer to the attached Figure 2 To Attachment Figure 5 As shown, a first partition 15 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the storage chamber 11, and a second partition 14 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first partition 15. The second partition 14 and the first partition 15 can separate and package the battery integration group 16. A heat flow channel 32 is provided in the first partition 15, and the positions of the heat flow channel 32 and the battery integration group 16 correspond to each other. There is a gap between the end surface of the first partition 15 in the smoke outflow direction and the side wall of the storage chamber 11. A feedback breaking one-way pipe 18 is provided in the side wall of the storage chamber 11. The position of the feedback breaking one-way pipe 18 is within the gap between the first partition 15 and the side wall of the storage chamber 11. A heat transfer bracket 17 is fixedly connected to the lower end wall of the storage chamber 11.

[0043] The first separator 15 can isolate the direct contact between the battery and the battery PACK, reduce the possibility of thermal runaway caused by heat exchange between the battery and the external environment, buffer the possibility of external impact and damage directly transmitted to the battery pack, improve the safety of the battery temperature environment, and reduce the risk of battery damage by impact;

[0044] By providing the first partition 15, the storage cavity 11 and the feedback disconnect one-way tube 18, the gap between the first partition 15 and the side wall of the storage cavity 11 cooperates with the feedback disconnect one-way tube 18, so that the circulating heat dissipation airflow enters the storage cavity 11 through the feedback disconnect one-way tube 18 to contact the battery for heat dissipation, and the space in contact between the battery and the heat dissipation gas is sealed relative to the external environment, which can increase the heat dissipation contact area and heat dissipation stability of the internal space of the battery, reduce the possibility of battery thermal runaway prevention and control work interfering with the battery heat dissipation, improve the coordination effect of heat dissipation and thermal prevention and control, and improve the battery use efficiency.

[0045] Refer to the attached Figure 2 To Attachment Figure 5 As shown, an expansion input pipe 40 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the expansion chamber 35, an anti-breakage sliding plug 39 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the expansion chamber 35, the expansion input pipe 40 is slidably connected to the anti-breakage sliding plug 39, and the other end of the expansion input pipe 40 is fixedly connected to a smoke input seat 41, and the smoke input seat 41 is located in the storage chamber 11;

[0046] By arranging the smoke input seat 41, the barrier patch 33, the expansion chamber 35 and the storage chamber 11, the smoke input seat 41 can pre-transport the high-pressure gas expanded due to thermal runaway in the storage chamber 11 into the expansion chamber 35, further improving the heat dissipation contact area and heat dissipation effect of a lower degree of thermal runaway. After the barrier patch 33 is burned by the thermal runaway of the battery, the barrier capsule 34 will take effect again to store the burning smoke, which can conduct the thermal runaway smoke of the battery in stages, preventing the thermal runaway prevention and control from being triggered by a lower degree of thermal runaway that does not cause combustion, thereby improving the convenience of thermal prevention and control maintenance and the reliability of battery heat dissipation, and reducing the thermal prevention and control cost.

[0047] Refer to the attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 6As shown, the end face of the first partition 15 in the direction of smoke input, the end face of the second partition 14 facing the battery integration group 16, the end face of the cover plate 12 facing the battery integration group 16, and the wall surface of the side wall of the storage chamber 11 facing the battery integration group 16 are all fixedly connected with a main isolation patch 50, and the main isolation patch 50 can block the combustion of the second partition 14 and prevent it from being directly transmitted to the side wall of the storage chamber 11. The side wall of the expansion chamber 35 is fixedly connected with a barrier reinforcement layer 37, and the barrier reinforcement layer 37 and the main isolation patch 50 are made of the same fireproof material. The barrier reinforcement layer 37 can be fixed in the side wall of the expansion chamber 35 by using small-area local patches scattered, or by using an elastic base connected to multiple small-area patches made of barrier reinforcement layer 37 materials as an integrated composite layer and fixed in the side wall of the expansion chamber 35;

[0048] By providing the main isolation patch 50, the expansion cavity 35 and the barrier reinforcement layer 37, the main isolation patch 50 and the barrier reinforcement layer 37 isolate the smoke or combustion between the battery integration group 16 and the storage box 10, and can pre-contact the thermal runaway smoke and combustion, thereby improving the flame retardancy of the battery during thermal runaway operation, further increasing the thermal runaway prevention and control time, and improving the reliability of the battery thermal runaway prevention and control.

[0049] Embodiment 2

[0050] The materials used for the main isolation patch 50, the barrier patch 33 and the barrier reinforcement layer 37 include, but are not limited to, the fireproof materials mentioned in Publication No. CN114736554A and Publication No. CN114748830A. For example, the main isolation patch 50, the barrier patch 33 and the barrier reinforcement layer 37 can be made of other types of materials with flame resistant and fireproof functions.

[0051] The solution of the utility model is not limited to fire prevention and control for automobile batteries, but can also be applied to tools or equipment including but not limited to the following ones with battery packs: battery vehicles, scooters, baby carriages, mobile power supplies for outdoor detection devices, ocean monitoring equipment, weather monitoring equipment, water quality testing equipment, and electric medical tools.

[0052] The embodiments and / or implementation methods described above are only used to illustrate the preferred embodiments and / or implementation methods for realizing the technology of the utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the technology of the utility model in any form. Any technical personnel in this field may make slight changes or replace them with other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical means disclosed in the content of the utility model, but they should still be regarded as technologies or embodiments that are essentially the same as the utility model.

[0053] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core ideas of this application. The above is only the preferred implementation method of this application. It should be pointed out that due to the limitations of textual expression and the objective existence of infinite specific structures, ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements, modifications or changes without departing from the principles of this application, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner; these improvements, modifications, changes or combinations, or the direct application of the concept and technical solution of the utility model to other occasions without improvement, should be regarded as the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A lithium battery PACK package with a passive fire extinguishing structure, comprising a storage box (10), wherein the storage box (10) is provided with a storage cavity (11), wherein the storage cavity (11) is provided with a battery integration group (16), and wherein the storage box (10) is provided with a cover plate (12) and a bottom plate (19), wherein the storage box (10) is characterized in that: The side wall of the storage cavity (11) is provided with uniformly distributed fixed flow cavities (13), the storage cavity (11) is provided with an expansion mechanism (30), the expansion mechanism (30) comprises a barrier patch (33) and a barrier capsule (34), the barrier capsule (34) is provided with an expansion cavity (35), and the input end of the barrier capsule (34) is fixedly connected to the barrier patch (33).

2. The lithium battery PACK package of the passive fire extinguishing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An expansion guide sheet (38) is provided in the side wall of the storage chamber (11) to form an expansion chamber (20), and a smoke input end of the expansion chamber (20) is fixedly connected to the barrier patch (33).

3. The lithium battery PACK package of the passive fire extinguishing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The barrier bag (34) is made of elastic material.

4. The lithium battery PACK package of the passive fire extinguishing structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The lower end of the expansion chamber (20) is slidably connected to a packaging cover (31), the packaging cover (31) is made of elastic material, and the smoke flow end of the barrier bag (34) is fixedly connected to an expansion guide sheet (38).

5. The lithium battery PACK package of the passive fire extinguishing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first baffle (15) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the storage chamber (11), a heat flow channel (32) is provided in the first baffle (15), a distance is left between the end surface of the first baffle (15) in the smoke outflow direction and the side wall of the storage chamber (11), and a feedback disconnecting one-way pipe (18) is provided in the side wall of the storage chamber (11).

6. The lithium battery PACK package of the passive fire extinguishing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: An expansion input pipe (40) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the expansion chamber (35), and a smoke input seat (41) is fixedly connected to the other end of the expansion input pipe (40), and the smoke input seat (41) is located in the storage chamber (11).

7. The lithium battery PACK package of the passive fire extinguishing structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: A main isolation patch (50) is fixedly connected to the end surface of the first partition plate (15) in the smoke input direction, the end surface of the cover plate (12) facing the battery integration group (16), and the wall surface of the side wall of the storage cavity (11) facing the battery integration group (16), and a barrier reinforcement layer (37) is fixedly connected to the inside of the side wall of the expansion cavity (35).

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