A direction finding antenna array

Abstract

The utility model provides a direction-finding antenna array, belonging to the field of monitoring direction-finding technology, including a first switch connected to a 30MHz-500MHz antenna array, a second switch connected to a 500MHz-2GHz antenna array, a third switch connected to a 2GHz-18GHz antenna array, a fourth switch connected to an 18GHz-50GHz antenna array, a multi-channel radio frequency receiver connected to the first switch to the fourth switch, an intermediate frequency multi-channel amplifier module connected to the multi-channel radio frequency receiver, a logic control unit connected to the intermediate frequency multi-channel amplifier module, and a positioning module and an electronic compass connected to the logic control unit. The utility model solves the problem of completing the installation of a high-frequency band antenna array and interferometer direction-finding related to short-wave frequency band application in a small space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of monitoring and direction finding, and in particular relates to a direction finding antenna array. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of social modernization, the application frequency bands of frequency-using equipment are also expanding. Services such as shortwave communication, mobile communication, command communication, target detection, friend-or-foe identification, data link, weapon guidance and satellite radar are all posing new challenges to the spectrum management model. Most of the mainstream radio monitoring and direction-finding equipment on the market, such as fixed, vehicle-mounted and portable, are produced to 8GHz, 18GHz and 26.5GHz. The direction-finding method basically uses correlation interferometers. Under this premise, if the detection frequency band needs to be expanded, it is often limited to the size of the platform and the overall system performance indicators. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a direction-finding antenna array, which can operate in a wider detection frequency band range and solves the technical problem of completing the installation of high-frequency band antenna arrays and interferometer direction-finding related to shortwave frequency band applications in a small space. The direction-finding antenna array can monitor and find the direction of frequency-using equipment within the entire working frequency band, thereby improving the efficiency of detection tasks.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a direction-finding antenna array, including a 30MHz-500MHz antenna array and a 500MHz-2GHz antenna array installed outside the antenna cover and in a circular array in the horizontal direction, a 2GHz-18GHz antenna array and a 18GHz-50GHz antenna array installed inside the antenna cover and in a circular array in the horizontal direction, a first switching switch connected to the 30MHz-500MHz antenna array, a second switching switch connected to the 500MHz-2GHz antenna array, a third switching switch connected to the 2GHz-18GHz antenna array, a fourth switching switch connected to the 18GHz-50GHz antenna array, a multi-channel radio frequency receiver connected to the first switching switch, the second switching switch, the third switching switch and the fourth switching switch, an intermediate frequency multi-channel amplifier module connected to the multi-channel radio frequency receiver, a logic control unit connected to the intermediate frequency multi-channel amplifier module, and a positioning module and an electronic compass both connected to the logic control unit.

[0005] Furthermore, the 30MHz-500MHz antenna array and the 500MHz-2GHz antenna array are both seven-element antenna arrays, and the 30MHz-500MHz antenna array and the 500MHz-2GHz antenna array both use dipole antenna arrays;

[0006] The 2 GHz to 18 GHz antenna array and the 18 GHz to 50 GHz antenna array are both nine-element antenna arrays, and the 2 GHz to 18 GHz antenna array and the 18 GHz to 50 GHz antenna array both use monopole antenna arrays.

[0007] Furthermore, the monopole antenna array includes a monopole antenna, a reflective surface, a vibrator, a connector and an amplifier;

[0008] The monopole antenna is located above the reflecting surface, the connector and the amplifier are both located below the reflecting surface, the connector is connected to the amplifier, and the reflecting surface is located at one end of the vibration head.

[0009] Furthermore, a glass insulator is arranged in the connector, the glass insulator is welded to the monopole antenna, and a groove is arranged at the bottom of the reflecting surface.

[0010] Furthermore, the 30MHz~500MHz antenna array and the 500MHz~2GHz antenna array adopt a staggered design; the caliber of the 30MHz~500MHz antenna array is 1300mm, and the caliber of the 500MHz~2GHz antenna array is 250mm

[0011] The 2GHz-18GHz antenna array and the 18GHz-50GHz antenna array are installed in concentric circles, the outer circle is the 2GHz-18GHz antenna array, whose diameter is 75mm, and the inner circle is the 18GHz-50GHz antenna array, whose diameter is 25mm.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0013] (1) The utility model provides a 30MHz to 50GHz direction-finding antenna array that can be carried on an aerial platform. The direction-finding antenna array can operate in a wider detection frequency band range and solve the problem of completing the installation of a high-frequency antenna array and the interferometer direction-finding technology related to the short-wave frequency band application in a small space. The direction-finding antenna array can monitor and find the direction of frequency-using equipment within the entire working frequency band, thereby improving the efficiency of the detection task.

[0014] (2) The direction-finding antenna array in the utility model can perform monitoring and direction-finding tasks in the air, and can also use related interferometer direction-finding technology within the frequency range of 30MHz to 50GHz, so as to better meet the needs of different users and realize the capture of frequency-using equipment in a complex electromagnetic environment.

[0015] (3) The monopole direction-finding antenna array in the utility model can effectively realize direction-finding using a related interferometer direction-finding system in a higher frequency band. At the same time, the utility model realizes interferometer direction-finding in medium and short waves, solving the problem of consistency between antenna amplitude and phase. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is the structural diagram of the direction finding antenna array.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the direction-finding antenna array and the launch platform in the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna misalignment design in the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of consistency test in this embodiment.

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the implementation of the monopole antenna amplifier in this embodiment.

[0021] Among them, 1-monopole antenna, 2-reflection surface, 3-vibrator head, 4-connector, 5-amplifier. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The specific implementation methods of the utility model are described below to facilitate technical personnel in this technical field to understand the utility model, but it should be clear that the utility model is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation methods. For ordinary technical personnel in this technical field, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the utility model defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all utility model creations using the concept of the utility model are protected.

[0023] Example

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the utility model provides a direction-finding antenna array, including a 30MHz-500MHz antenna array and a 500MHz-2GHz antenna array installed outside the antenna cover and in a circular array in the horizontal direction, a 2GHz-18GHz antenna array and a 18GHz-50GHz antenna array installed inside the antenna cover and in a circular array in the horizontal direction, a first switching switch connected to the 30MHz-500MHz antenna array, a second switching switch connected to the 500MHz-2GHz antenna array, a third switching switch connected to the 2GHz-18GHz antenna array, a fourth switching switch connected to the 18GHz-50GHz antenna array, a multi-channel radio frequency receiver connected to the first switching switch, the second switching switch, the third switching switch and the fourth switching switch, an intermediate frequency multi-channel amplifier module connected to the multi-channel radio frequency receiver, a logic control unit connected to the intermediate frequency multi-channel amplifier module, and a positioning module and an electronic compass both connected to the logic control unit. The 30MHz~500MHz antenna array and the 500MHz~2GHz antenna array are both seven-element antenna arrays, and the 30MHz~500MHz antenna array and the 500MHz~2GHz antenna array both adopt dipole antenna arrays, the 2GHz~18GHz antenna array and the 18GHz~50GHz antenna array are both nine-element antenna arrays, and the 2GHz~18GHz antenna array and the 18GHz~50GHz antenna both adopt monopole antenna arrays. The caliber of the 30MHz~500MHz antenna array is 1300mm, and the 30MHz~500MHz antenna array and the 500MHz~2GHz antenna array adopt a staggered layer and staggered design; the caliber of the 30MHz~500MHz antenna array is 1300mm, and the caliber of the 500MHz~2GHz antenna array is 250mm; the 2GHz~18GHz antenna array and the 18GHz~50GHz antenna array are installed in concentric circles, the outer circle is the 2GHz~18GHz antenna array with a caliber of 75mm, and the inner circle is the 18GHz~50GHz antenna array with a caliber of 25mm.

[0025] like Figure 5 As shown, the monopole antenna array includes a monopole antenna 1, a reflective surface 2, a vibration head 3, a connector 4 and an amplifier 5; the monopole antenna 1 is located above the reflective surface 2, the connector 4 and the amplifier 5 are both located below the reflective surface 2, the connector 4 is connected to the amplifier 5, and the reflective surface 2 is located at one end of the vibration head 3. A glass insulator is arranged in the connector 4, and the glass insulator is welded to the monopole antenna 1, and a groove is arranged at the bottom of the reflective surface 2.

[0026] In this embodiment, the 30MHz-500MHz antenna array and the first switch receive electromagnetic signals within the 30MHz-500MHz frequency band in the area; the 500MHz-2GHz antenna array and the second switch receive electromagnetic signals within the 500MHz-2GHz frequency band in the area; the 2GHz-18GHz antenna array and the third switch receive electromagnetic signals within the 2GHz-18GHz frequency band in the area; the 18GHz-50GHz antenna array and the fourth switch receive electromagnetic signals within the 18GHz-50GHz frequency band in the area; the multi-channel radio frequency receiver is used to receive electromagnetic signals within the 18GHz-50GHz frequency band based on instructions issued by ground equipment to the direction finding antenna array. The linear array selects the frequency band by switching the switch, and amplifies, converts and filters the selected frequency band to output the intermediate frequency signal; the intermediate frequency multi-channel amplification module is used to perform multi-channel amplification on the intermediate frequency signal; the positioning module is used to perform positioning and north-seeking according to the data collected by the direction-finding antenna array; the electronic compass is used to determine the device orientation according to the data collected by the direction-finding antenna array; the multi-channel optical terminal is used to transmit the positioning data, electronic compass data and amplified intermediate frequency data to the retractor 2 through the tether cable, and then transmit it to the multi-channel optical terminal in the processing terminal by optical fiber to realize the mutual conversion between optical signals and electrical signals; the logic control unit is used to power and control the direction-finding antenna array, and receive the position data and electronic compass data.

[0027] In this embodiment, the ground equipment located on the ground part of the launch platform issues task instructions to the direction-finding antenna array. After receiving the instructions, the antenna arrays of each frequency band select the frequency band by switching switches. After the selection, the frequency band data is amplified, frequency converted and filtered by a multi-channel RF receiver to output an intermediate frequency signal. The processed intermediate frequency signal is amplified by an intermediate frequency multi-channel amplifier module. At the same time, the data collected by the positioning and direction-finding antenna is analyzed by the positioning module and transmitted to the logic control unit together with the electronic compass data. Finally, the intermediate frequency data and position data are transmitted to the ground equipment through a multi-channel optical terminal.

[0028] In this embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the direction-finding antenna array is installed below the aerial platform, and integrates antenna arrays of various frequency bands, switching switches, multi-channel RF receivers, positioning modules, electronic compasses, logic control units, intermediate frequency multi-channel amplifier modules, and multi-channel optical transceivers. The signal received by the antenna is processed by the switching switch and enters the multi-channel RF receiver. After being processed by the multi-channel RF receiver, an intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the number of channels is obtained. After the intermediate frequency signal is compensated by the intermediate frequency multi-channel amplifier module, it enters the ground equipment (processing terminal) for quantitative processing to obtain the final relative direction-finding result. The electronic compass provides a real-time true north azimuth, which is synthesized with the relative direction-finding result to obtain the direction-finding result relative to true north.

[0029] In this embodiment, the logic control unit can preferably be a single-chip microcomputer of the STM32 series, the multi-channel RF receiver can preferably be a RF chip of the integrated bare chip series, the positioning module can preferably be a positioning chip of the K823G model, the electronic compass can preferably be a single-board chip of the HCM360 full-attitude three-dimensional electronic compass, the intermediate frequency multi-channel amplifier module can preferably be an amplifier chip of the ZDH3019 model, and the multi-channel optical terminal can preferably be a multi-channel optical terminal movement of the MG07401S model. Table 1 is a main wiring table of the positioning module, the electronic compass, the intermediate frequency multi-channel amplifier module and the logic control unit, Table 2 is a main wiring table of the multi-channel RF receiver, the multi-channel optical terminal and the intermediate frequency multi-channel amplifier module, and Table 3 is a main wiring table of the switch and the multi-channel RF receiver.

[0030] Table 1

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] Table 2

[0034]

[0035] Table 3

[0036]

[0037]

[0038] In this embodiment, based on the instructions issued by the ground equipment to the direction-finding antenna array, each frequency band antenna array selects the frequency band by switching the switches P0_1-P0_4, and outputs the radio frequency signal (intermediate frequency signal). The intermediate frequency signal is input into the intermediate frequency amplification module through the OUT pin of the multi-channel radio frequency receiver for amplification. The amplified intermediate frequency information is transmitted to the P1_0 pin of the logic control unit through the S pin. The electromagnetic information collected by the direction-finding antenna array is transmitted to the P1_0 pin of the logic control unit through the OUT pin after positioning and north-seeking. The electronic compass data is transmitted to the P1_1 pin of the logic control unit through the D1 pin. Finally, the intermediate frequency data and position data are transmitted through the I / Q of the multi-channel optical terminal for photoelectric signal transmission.

[0039] In this embodiment, in order to achieve a wide operating frequency range of 30MHz to 50GHz and full-band correlation interferometer direction finding technology, the direction finding antenna array is constructed with special process improvements to achieve the application of correlation interferometer direction finding in 18GHz to 50GHz. First, the monitoring direction finding antenna array is divided into five sections according to the operating frequency band through an antenna simulator, namely, a 30MHz to 500MHz seven-element antenna array, a 500MHz to 2GHz seven-element antenna array, a 2GHz to 18GHz nine-element antenna array, and a 18GHz to 50GHz nine-element antenna array. In terms of antenna form selection, the 30MHz to 500MHz seven-element antenna array and the 500MHz to 2GHz seven-element antenna array use a dipole antenna array, and the 2GHz to 18GHz nine-element antenna array and the 18GHz to 50GHz nine-element antenna array use a monopole antenna array.

[0040] In this embodiment, in conventional engineering practice, a correlation interferometer is used for direction finding, which places high demands on the amplitude consistency and phase consistency of the direction finding antenna element. In solving the antenna amplitude and phase consistency, first, the circuits of each antenna element need to be exactly the same, and secondly, the test screening and antenna matching board are tested. The direction finding antenna element uses a dipole antenna, which will form an unbalanced state when the RF signal is input. Therefore, the impedance transformation and the balance to unbalanced state are solved in engineering practice. The consistency test method is as follows:

[0041] a) Select several test matching boards according to the principle of unified batch production and unified device procurement, and number them at the same time;

[0042] b) Construction site, site diagram reference Figure 4 :

[0043] Matching board No. 1 is tested according to the above figure.

[0044] c) Vector network analyzer requirements

[0045] Vector network analyzer frequency: shortwave band.

[0046] Vector network analyzer power: -20dBm.

[0047] Measurement content: Gain and phase are measured simultaneously.

[0048] d) Normalization

[0049] Normalize the gain and phase of matching board No. 1 respectively.

[0050] e) Subsequent board testing

[0051] Connect the subsequent test matching boards separately and measure the gain difference and phase difference.

[0052] The consistency test method of switch and calibration is similar to the above method. Only by using the above method can the theoretical direction finding be approached.

[0053] In this embodiment, the realization of the relevant interferometer in the 18GHz to 50GHz frequency band is mainly limited by the antenna volume and the carrying space. Therefore, the array aperture and the vibrator volume will be considered when the antenna is arrayed. The antenna aperture is designed to be 25mm based on the relationship between the antenna aperture and the wavelength of the working frequency. Since the monopole antenna is a half-wave vibrator, the antenna vibrator length is designed based on the relationship between the highest working frequency band range and the length and the average characteristic impedance of the vibrator. After the antenna array aperture and size are designed, the actual project installation will be considered. Since the monopole does not have a transformer due to the shape limitation, the signal needs to be directly located on the amplifier. Therefore, in actual engineering, the monopole direction-finding antenna array includes a monopole antenna, a reflector, a connector and an amplifier. The monopole antenna array is located above the reflector, and the connector is located below. The amplifier is connected to the connector. There is a glass insulator in the connector, which is welded together by slotting the reflector and the monopole antenna made of capillary copper tube material. Since the antenna array may have cold solder joints during assembly, and may cause the vibrator to fall off in harsh environments, in order to improve the stability of the equipment, two solutions will be used: one is to plate the surface with gold, and the other is to make grooves at the bottom of the reflective surface. Figure 5 .

[0054] In this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the 30MHz~500MHz antenna array and the 500MHz~2GHz antenna array adopt a staggered design. The 2GHz~18GHz antenna array and the 18GHz~50GHz antenna array are installed in concentric circles, the outer circle is the 2GHz~18GHz antenna array, and its antenna diameter is 75mm, and the inner circle is the 18GHz~50GHz antenna array, and its diameter is 25mm. The 30MHz~500MHz monitoring direction-finding antenna array and the 500MHz~2GHz monitoring direction-finding antenna array in the direction-finding antenna array 9 are installed and set up outside the antenna cover, and are arranged in a circular array in the horizontal direction.

[0055] Through the above implementation method, the monitoring and direction finding antenna array can be used to perform monitoring and direction finding tasks in the air, and related interferometer direction finding technology can be used in the frequency band of 30MHz to 50GHz to better meet the needs of different users and realize the capture of frequency-using equipment in complex electromagnetic environments.

Claims

1. A direction finding antenna array, characterized in that: The invention comprises a 30MHz-500MHz antenna array and a 500MHz-2GHz antenna array which are installed outside the antenna cover and are in a circular array in the horizontal direction, a 2GHz-18GHz antenna array and a 18GHz-50GHz antenna array which are installed inside the antenna cover and are in a circular array in the horizontal direction, a first switching switch connected to the 30MHz-500MHz antenna array, a second switching switch connected to the 500MHz-2GHz antenna array, a third switching switch connected to the 2GHz-18GHz antenna array, a fourth switching switch connected to the 18GHz-50GHz antenna array, a multi-channel radio frequency receiver which is connected to the first switching switch, the second switching switch, the third switching switch and the fourth switching switch, an intermediate frequency multi-channel amplifier module which is connected to the multi-channel radio frequency receiver, a logic control unit which is connected to the intermediate frequency multi-channel amplifier module, and a positioning module and an electronic compass which are both connected to the logic control unit.

2. The direction finding antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 30MHz-500MHz antenna array and the 500MHz-2GHz antenna array are both seven-element antenna arrays, and the 30MHz-500MHz antenna array and the 500MHz-2GHz antenna array both use dipole antenna arrays; The 2 GHz to 18 GHz antenna array and the 18 GHz to 50 GHz antenna array are both nine-element antenna arrays, and the 2 GHz to 18 GHz antenna array and the 18 GHz to 50 GHz antenna array both use monopole antenna arrays.

3. The direction finding antenna array according to claim 2, characterized in that: The monopole antenna array comprises a monopole antenna (1), a reflective surface (2), a vibration head (3), a connector (4) and an amplifier (5); The monopole antenna (1) is located above a reflecting surface (2), the connector (4) and the amplifier (5) are both located below the reflecting surface (2), the connector (4) is connected to the amplifier (5), and the reflecting surface (2) is located at one end of the vibration head (3).

4. The direction finding antenna array according to claim 3, characterized in that: A glass insulator is arranged in the connector (4), the glass insulator is welded to the monopole antenna (1), and a groove is provided at the bottom of the reflective surface (2).

5. The direction finding antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 30MHz-500MHz antenna array and the 500MHz-2GHz antenna array adopt a staggered design; the caliber of the 30MHz-500MHz antenna array is 1300mm, and the caliber of the 500MHz-2GHz antenna array is 250mm The 2GHz-18GHz antenna array and the 18GHz-50GHz antenna array are installed in concentric circles, the outer circle is the 2GHz-18GHz antenna array, whose diameter is 75mm, and the inner circle is the 18GHz-50GHz antenna array, whose diameter is 25mm.

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