A self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor

Abstract

The utility model provides a self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, the key points of its technical solution are: comprising a shell and an end cover, a rotor made of permanent magnet material is arranged in the shell, a stator with asymmetric tooth shape is also arranged in the shell, a stator winding is arranged on the stator, a first bearing is arranged above the inner part of the shell, a second bearing is arranged above the end cover and below the first bearing, and a motor shaft is arranged in the first bearing and the second bearing; the utility model replaces the cast aluminum rotor used in ordinary AC motors with a rotor made of permanent magnet material, which can greatly improve the efficiency of the motor, eliminate the slip rate, and increase the speed of the motor; the motor also replaces the traditional symmetrical stator with an asymmetric stator, which can ensure that the motor is in an easy-to-start position when it stops, avoids staying in a dead point, and facilitates the starting of the motor.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of motors, in particular to a self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor. [Background technology]

[0002] Single-phase AC asynchronous motors are widely used. They are used as the power source in various household appliances such as exhaust fans, fans, and air coolers. However, ordinary single-phase AC motors have extremely low efficiency, generally between 10-25%, and have various defects such as high noise and difficulty in speed regulation.

[0003] In recent years, many products have switched to single-phase brushless DC motors. Although this has improved motor efficiency, the cost of the motor has increased significantly because the single-phase brushless DC motor requires a motor drive circuit, an external power supply, and control circuit boards and other modules. In addition, the size and mounting holes of the single-phase brushless DC motor are different from those of the traditional single-phase AC motor, and the power supply method has also changed. Therefore, the single-phase brushless DC motor cannot be directly used to replace the original AC motor in the product. A new structural design must be made for the single-phase brushless DC motor, which greatly increases the cost of product updates.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor. [Contents of the utility model]

[0005] In order to solve the defects of ordinary single-phase AC motors such as low efficiency and high noise, as well as the existing single-phase DC brushless motors with high cost and complex installation structure, the utility model provides a self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, characterized in that it includes a shell and an end cover, a rotor made of permanent magnet material is arranged in the shell, a stator with asymmetric tooth shape is also arranged in the shell, a stator winding is arranged on the stator, a first bearing is arranged above the interior of the shell, a second bearing is arranged above the end cover and below the first bearing, and a motor shaft is arranged in the first bearing and the second bearing.

[0008] The self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor as described above is characterized in that: the motor is an outer rotor motor, the rotor is a magnetic ring rotor, the rotor is nested on the inner wall of the shell and the shell rotates with the rotor, and the stator is located in the ring of the rotor.

[0009] The self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor as described above is characterized in that: a center column is provided on the motor shaft and in the ring of the stator, the stator is nested and installed on the center column, the center column is installed and fixed on the end cover, the first bearing is installed in the top groove of the center column, and the second bearing is installed in the bottom groove of the center column.

[0010] The self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor as described above is characterized in that: a first slot and a second slot for limiting are provided on the motor shaft, the first slot is located at the top of the shell, a first retaining spring is provided in the first slot, the second slot is located above the end cover and at the bottom of the second bearing, and a second retaining spring is provided in the second slot.

[0011] The self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor as described above is characterized in that a gap is left between the housing and the end cover, an electrical installation box is provided below the end cover, a circuit board is provided in the electrical installation box, and the circuit board is electrically connected to the stator winding.

[0012] The self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor as described above is characterized in that: the motor is an inner rotor motor, the rotor is a permanent magnet and the rotor is located in the ring of the stator, the rotor is nested on the motor shaft and rotates with the motor shaft, an upper bracket for mounting and fixing the stator is provided at the top of the stator, a lower bracket is provided at the bottom of the stator corresponding to the upper bracket, and a circuit board is installed and fixed below the lower bracket.

[0013] The self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor as described above is characterized in that: the first bearing is located at the top of the inside of the shell and above the rotor, the second bearing is located at the top of the end cover and below the rotor, the motor shaft passes through the shell and the end cover, and the motor shaft is provided with a first slot and a second slot for limiting, the first slot is located at the top of the shell, a first retaining spring is provided in the first slot, the second slot is located at the bottom of the end cover, a second retaining spring is provided in the second slot, a first meson is provided between the first retaining spring and the top of the shell, and a second meson is provided between the second retaining spring and the bottom of the end cover.

[0014] The self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor as described above is characterized in that: the first bearing and the second bearing are both spherical oil-containing bearings, the first meson and the second meson are both made of graphite, a first bearing ring is provided below the first bearing, a first oil cup is provided below the first bearing ring, a second bearing ring is provided above the second bearing, and a second oil cup is provided above the second bearing ring.

[0015] The self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor as described above is characterized in that the housing and the end cover are fixedly connected by screws and the connection point is located on the outside of the stator.

[0016] The self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor as described above is characterized in that the end cover is buckled on the bottom end of the shell and the connection point is located below the circuit board.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0018] 1. The utility model self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor replaces the cast aluminum rotor used in ordinary AC motors with a rotor made of permanent magnets. The permanent magnet rotor realizes the excitation magnetic field, which can greatly improve the efficiency of the motor, and greatly improve the output efficiency from 15% to 20% of ordinary AC motors to more than 60%, and eliminates the slip rate and increases the speed of the motor.

[0019] 2. The self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor of the utility model replaces the traditional symmetrical stator with an asymmetrical stator, which can ensure that the motor is in an easy-to-start position when it stops, avoids staying at a dead point, and facilitates the starting of the motor.

[0020] 3. The self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor of the utility model has a simple structure. Compared with the single-phase brushless DC motor, it does not require modules such as a motor drive circuit and an external power supply, and has a lower cost. Moreover, the size and mounting hole position of the motor are consistent with those of a traditional single-phase AC motor, and it also uses an ordinary AC power supply, which facilitates product updates.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional diagram of the outer rotor structure of the motor;

[0022] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the outer rotor structure of the motor;

[0023] Figure 3 This is an exploded diagram of the motor's outer rotor structure;

[0024] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional diagram of the first embodiment of the inner rotor structure of the motor;

[0025] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the inner rotor structure of the motor;

[0026] Figure 6 is an exploded view of the first embodiment of the inner rotor structure of the motor;

[0027] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional diagram of the second embodiment of the inner rotor structure of the motor;

[0028] Figure 8is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the inner rotor structure of the motor;

[0029] Fig. 9 is a three-dimensional diagram of the third embodiment of the inner rotor structure of the motor;

[0030] Fig.10 A cross-sectional view of the third embodiment of the inner rotor structure of the motor.

[0031] In the figure: 1 is a housing; 2 is an end cover; 3 is a rotor; 4 is a stator; 5 is a stator winding; 6 is a motor shaft; 7 is a first bearing; 8 is a second bearing; 9 is a first slot; 10 is a second slot; 11 is a first retaining spring; 12 is a second retaining spring; 13 is a circuit board;

[0032] 21 is a center column; 22 is an electrical installation box;

[0033] 31 is an upper bracket; 32 is a lower bracket; 33 is a first meson; 34 is a second meson; 35 is a first bearing ring; 36 is a first oil cup; 37 is a second bearing ring; and 38 is a second oil cup. [Specific implementation method]

[0034] The technical features of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can understand them.

[0035] A self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor includes two structures, an outer rotor and an inner rotor, wherein the outer rotor structure is as follows Figure 1 to Figure 3 As shown, the inner rotor structure is as follows Figures 4 to 10 As shown, due to the different shapes of the housing 1 in the inner rotor structure and the different extending directions of the motor shaft 6, the inner rotor structure of the motor forms three embodiments, as shown in Embodiment 1. Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the second embodiment is as Figure 7-Figure 8 As shown, Example 3 is as Figure 9-10 As shown;

[0036] The specific structure of the motor includes a shell 1 and an end cover 2. A rotor 3 made of permanent magnet material is provided in the shell 1. A stator 4 with an asymmetric tooth shape is also provided in the shell 1. A stator winding 5 is provided on the stator 4. A first bearing 7 is provided above the interior of the shell 1. A second bearing 8 is provided above the end cover 2 and below the first bearing 7. A motor shaft 6 is provided in the first bearing 7 and the second bearing 8.

[0037] Specifically, the self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor of the utility model replaces the cast aluminum rotor used in ordinary AC motors with a rotor 3 made of permanent magnet material. The excitation magnetic field is realized by the permanent magnet rotor, which can greatly improve the efficiency of the motor, and greatly improve the output efficiency from 15% to 20% of ordinary AC motors to more than 60%, and eliminates the slip rate and increases the speed of the motor; the traditional symmetrical stator is replaced by an asymmetrical stator 4, which can ensure that the motor is in an easy-to-start position when it stops, avoids staying in a dead point, and facilitates the starting of the motor.

[0038] Specifically, Figure 1 to Figure 3 As shown, the motor is an outer rotor motor, the rotor 3 is a magnetic ring rotor, the rotor 3 is nested on the inner wall of the housing 1 and the housing 1 rotates with the rotor 3 , and the stator 4 is located in the ring of the rotor 3 .

[0039] Specifically, a center column 21 is provided on the motor shaft 6 and located in the ring of the stator 4. The stator 4 is nested and installed on the center column 21. The center column 21 is installed and fixed on the end cover 2. The first bearing 7 is installed in the top groove of the center column 21, and the second bearing 8 is installed in the bottom groove of the center column 21.

[0040] In addition, the motor shaft 6 is provided with a first clamping groove 9 and a second clamping groove 10 for limiting, the first clamping groove 9 is located at the top of the shell 1, and a first clamping spring 11 is provided in the first clamping groove 9, the second clamping groove 10 is located above the end cover 2 and at the bottom of the second bearing 8, and a second clamping spring 12 is provided in the second clamping groove 10, and the first clamping spring 11 and the second clamping spring 12 are located at both ends of the motor body, which can prevent the motor shaft 6 from moving up and down.

[0041] In addition, a gap is left between the shell 1 and the end cover 2 to avoid affecting the rotation of the shell 1. An electrical installation box 22 is provided under the end cover 2. A circuit board 13 is provided in the electrical installation box 22. The circuit board 13 is electrically connected to the stator winding 5. The control circuit of the motor can be integrated on the circuit board 13 to realize the speed regulation function of the motor. At the same time, an external starting capacitor is required when the motor is started. The starting capacitor can be installed in the electrical installation box 22, so that the overall structure of the motor is streamlined and wiring is convenient during use.

[0042] Specifically, Figures 4 to 10As shown, the motor is an inner rotor motor, the rotor 3 is a permanent magnet and the rotor 3 is located in the ring of the stator 4, the rotor 3 is nested on the motor shaft 6 and rotates with the motor shaft 6, an upper bracket 31 for mounting and fixing the stator 4 is provided at the top of the stator 4, a lower bracket 32 ​​is provided at the bottom end of the stator 4 corresponding to the upper bracket 31, a circuit board 13 is installed and fixed below the lower bracket 32, the circuit board 13 can be integrated with the control circuit of the motor to realize the speed regulation function of the motor, and at the same time, a starting capacitor needs to be electrically connected when the motor is started. Since the internal space of the inner rotor structure of the motor is large, the starting capacitor can be installed in the housing 1 or the end cover 2, so that the overall structure of the motor is streamlined and wiring is convenient when in use.

[0043] In addition, the first bearing 7 is located at the top of the shell 1 and above the rotor 3, the second bearing 8 is located at the top of the end cover 2 and below the rotor 3, the motor shaft 6 passes through the shell 1 and the end cover 2, and the motor shaft 6 is provided with a first clamping groove 9 and a second clamping groove 10 for limiting. The first clamping groove 9 is located at the top of the shell 1, and a first retaining spring 11 is provided in the first clamping groove 9. The second clamping groove 10 is located at the bottom of the end cover 2, and a second retaining spring 12 is provided in the second clamping groove 10. A first meson 33 is provided between the first retaining spring 11 and the top of the shell 1, and a second meson 34 is provided between the second retaining spring 12 and the bottom of the end cover 2.

[0044] Specifically, the first bearing 7 and the second bearing 8 are both spherical oil-containing bearings, the first meson 33 and the second meson 34 are both made of graphite, which can reduce the rotational friction of the motor shaft 6 and reduce the loss. A first bearing ring 35 is provided under the first bearing 7, and a first oil cup 36 is provided under the first bearing ring 35. The first bearing ring 35 and the first oil cup 36 are used to limit the position of the first bearing 7 to prevent the first bearing 7 from vibrating on the motor shaft 6. A second bearing ring 37 is provided above the second bearing 8, and a second oil cup 38 is provided above the second bearing ring 37. The second bearing ring 37 and the second oil cup 38 are used to limit the position of the second bearing 8 to prevent the second bearing 8 from vibrating on the motor shaft 6.

[0045] Specifically, Figures 4 to 8 As shown, the housing 1 and the end cover 2 are fixedly connected by screws and the connection point is located outside the stator 4, and the volumes of the housing 1 and the end cover 2 are similar.

[0046] Specifically, Figure 9-10 As shown, the end cover 2 is buckled on the bottom end of the housing 1 and the connection is located below the circuit board 13. The end cover 2 is in sheet shape.

[0047] The embodiments described in the present invention are merely descriptions of preferred implementation modes of the present invention and are not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings. Various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. Without departing from the design concept of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by engineers and technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing (1) and an end cover (2); a rotor (3) made of a permanent magnet material is arranged in the housing (1); a stator (4) with an asymmetric tooth shape is also arranged in the housing (1); a stator winding (5) is arranged on the stator (4); a first bearing (7) is arranged above the interior of the housing (1); a second bearing (8) is arranged above the end cover (2) and below the first bearing (7); and a motor shaft (6) is arranged in the first bearing (7) and the second bearing (8).

2. The self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor is an external rotor motor, the rotor (3) is a magnetic ring rotor, the rotor (3) is nested on the inner wall of the housing (1) and the housing (1) rotates together with the rotor (3), and the stator (4) is located inside the ring of the rotor (3).

3. The self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: A center column (21) is provided on the motor shaft (6) and located in a ring of the stator (4); the stator (4) is nested and mounted on the center column (21); the center column (21) is mounted and fixed on the end cover (2); the first bearing (7) is mounted in a top end groove of the center column (21); and the second bearing (8) is mounted in a bottom end groove of the center column (21).

4. The self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The motor shaft (6) is provided with a first clamping groove (9) and a second clamping groove (10) for limiting position, the first clamping groove (9) is located at the top end of the housing (1), a first clamping spring (11) is provided in the first clamping groove (9), the second clamping groove (10) is located above the end cover (2) and at the bottom end of the second bearing (8), a second clamping spring (12) is provided in the second clamping groove (10).

5. The self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: A gap is left between the housing (1) and the end cover (2), an electrical installation box (22) is provided below the end cover (2), a circuit board (13) is provided in the electrical installation box (22), and the circuit board (13) is electrically connected to the stator winding (5).

6. The self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor is an inner rotor motor, the rotor (3) is a permanent magnet and is located in the ring of the stator (4), the rotor (3) is nested on the motor shaft (6) and rotates together with the motor shaft (6), an upper bracket (31) for mounting and fixing the stator (4) is provided at the top end of the stator (4), a lower bracket (32) is provided at the bottom end of the stator (4) corresponding to the upper bracket (31), and a circuit board (13) is mounted and fixed below the lower bracket (32).

7. The self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first bearing (7) is located at the top of the housing (1) and above the rotor (3); the second bearing (8) is located at the top of the end cover (2) and below the rotor (3); the motor shaft (6) passes through the housing (1) and the end cover (2); a first retaining groove (9) and a second retaining groove (10) for limiting are provided on the motor shaft (6); the first retaining groove (9) is located at the top of the housing (1); a first retaining spring (11) is provided in the first retaining groove (9); the second retaining groove (10) is located at the bottom of the end cover (2); a second retaining spring (12) is provided in the second retaining groove (10); a first meson (33) is provided between the first retaining spring (11) and the top of the housing (1); and a second meson (34) is provided between the second retaining spring (12) and the bottom of the end cover (2).

8. The self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first bearing (7) and the second bearing (8) are both spherical oil-containing bearings, the first meson (33) and the second meson (34) are both made of graphite, a first bearing ring (35) is provided below the first bearing (7), a first oil cup (36) is provided below the first bearing ring (35), a second bearing ring (37) is provided above the second bearing (8), and a second oil cup (38) is provided above the second bearing ring (37).

9. The self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The housing (1) and the end cover (2) are fixedly connected by screws, and the connection point is located outside the stator (4).

10. The self-starting single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end cover (2) is buckled onto the bottom end of the housing (1) and the connection point is located below the circuit board (13).

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