A PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device, including: a water supply mechanism, an electrolyzer, a hydrogen purification mechanism, the electrolyzer is connected with an electrolyzer hydrogen output pipe and an electrolyzer oxygen output pipe, the electrolyzer hydrogen output pipe is connected to the hydrogen purification mechanism, a hydrogen output pipe is arranged on the hydrogen purification mechanism, the electrolyzer oxygen output pipe is connected to the water supply mechanism, the top of the water supply mechanism is connected with an oxygen output pipe, and a plurality of pressure equalization mechanisms are arranged between the output ends of the hydrogen output pipe and the oxygen output pipe, and the structure of each pressure equalization mechanism includes: a pressure equalization chamber with a buffer baffle, and the two sides of the buffer baffle in the pressure equalization chamber are oxygen buffer chamber and hydrogen buffer chamber; the oxygen inlet connected to the oxygen buffer chamber and the hydrogen inlet connected to the hydrogen buffer chamber are respectively connected to the oxygen output pipe and the hydrogen output pipe; the buffer baffle will deform under the action of pressure. The advantage of the utility model is that it can effectively avoid the situation that hydrogen and oxygen permeate each other through the membrane electrode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment. Background Art

[0002] The current hydrogen production requirement for proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment is 0-3Mpa. When water electrolysis produces hydrogen at 3Mpa, the membrane electrode of the proton exchange membrane PEM water electrolysis is required to withstand a 3Mpa pressure difference, that is, the pressure on the hydrogen side of the electrode is 3 Mpa, and the pressure on the oxygen side is 0 Mpa.

[0003] When water is electrolyzed to produce hydrogen, oxygen will appear in the reaction water, so oxygen will enter the water tank along with the water and then be discharged. When the membrane electrode of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is subjected to 3Mpa, hydrogen permeation will occur. That is, hydrogen will penetrate from the micropores of the membrane electrode to the oxygen side, causing the oxygen measurement hydrogen concentration to exceed the standard.

[0004] At present, when PEM electrolyzes water to produce high-pressure hydrogen, hydrogen will be produced on the oxygen side. This is because the pressure on the hydrogen side is higher than that on the oxygen side. In order to prevent hydrogen permeation, the current method is to hold the oxygen side to the same pressure as the hydrogen side. However, this pressure holding will bring the following technical problems: First, it will cause water replenishment difficulties. The pressure of the water replenishment port needs to be raised to >3Mpa before water can be replenished into the water tank, resulting in a huge power consumption of the water replenishment pump and an unstable system. Second, the hydrogen output is usually twice that of oxygen. When both sides are simultaneously held to >3Mpa through the back pressure valve, the release rates of hydrogen and oxygen are different, which will cause a certain pressure difference between the hydrogen end and the oxygen end, causing hydrogen and oxygen to penetrate each other through the membrane electrode. As a result, there is a certain amount of oxygen in the hydrogen and a certain amount of hydrogen in the oxygen.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device that can balance the pressure on the oxygen side and the hydrogen side and effectively avoid the mutual penetration of hydrogen and oxygen. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device, which has a simple structure and can effectively avoid the mutual penetration of hydrogen and oxygen.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device, including: a water supply mechanism, an electrolyzer, and a hydrogen purification mechanism, the water supply mechanism and the electrolyzer are connected by a water delivery pipe with a water pump, the electrolyzer is connected with an electrolyzer hydrogen output pipe and an electrolyzer oxygen output pipe, the electrolyzer hydrogen output pipe is connected to the hydrogen purification mechanism, the hydrogen purification mechanism is provided with a hydrogen output pipe, the electrolyzer oxygen output pipe is connected to the top of the water supply mechanism, the top of the water supply mechanism is connected with an oxygen output pipe, the output ends of the hydrogen output pipe and the output ends of the oxygen output pipe are both provided with an oxygen back pressure valve; the output ends of the hydrogen output pipe and the oxygen output pipe are connected to the top of the water supply mechanism. Several pressure equalizing mechanisms are arranged between the output ends, and the structure of each pressure equalizing mechanism includes: a pressure equalizing chamber, in which a buffer baffle capable of elastic deformation is arranged, an oxygen buffer chamber and a hydrogen buffer chamber are respectively formed in the pressure equalizing chamber on both sides of the buffer baffle, and the volume of the hydrogen buffer chamber is twice the volume of the oxygen buffer chamber; an oxygen inlet connected to the oxygen buffer chamber and a hydrogen inlet connected to the hydrogen buffer chamber are arranged on the pressure equalizing chamber, the oxygen inlet on the pressure equalizing chamber is connected to the output end of the oxygen output pipe, and the hydrogen inlet on the pressure equalizing chamber is connected to the output end of the hydrogen output pipe; when the pressure on both sides of the oxygen buffer chamber and the hydrogen buffer chamber is unbalanced, the buffer baffle will deform under the action of pressure.

[0008] Furthermore, in the aforementioned PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device, the pressure equalization chamber is formed by the matching of a hydrogen buffer chamber and an oxygen buffer chamber, flanges are provided on the outer walls of the oxygen buffer chamber and the hydrogen buffer chamber at the matching position, the edge of the buffer baffle extends to the matching position of the hydrogen buffer chamber and the oxygen buffer chamber, a sealing assembly is provided between the hydrogen buffer chamber and the oxygen buffer chamber, and the flanges on the hydrogen buffer chamber and the oxygen buffer chamber are fixed by bolts, thereby fixing and sealing the hydrogen buffer chamber and the oxygen buffer chamber, and fixing the buffer baffle between the hydrogen buffer chamber and the oxygen buffer chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, in the aforementioned PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device, a first flange is provided on the outer wall of the oxygen buffer bin, a second flange is provided on the outer wall of the hydrogen buffer bin, a blocking groove is provided on the second flange near the outer wall of the pressure equalizing bin, and a blocking protrusion is provided on the first flange near the outer wall of the pressure equalizing bin, the edge of the buffer baffle extends into the blocking groove, a sealing ring is provided between the hydrogen buffer bin and the oxygen buffer bin, the sealing ring is clamped in the blocking groove, and tightening the bolts between the first flange and the second flange can make the blocking protrusion blocked outside the sealing ring.

[0010] Furthermore, in the aforementioned PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device, the buffer baffle is made of an elastic steel sheet.

[0011] Furthermore, the aforementioned PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device, wherein the water supply mechanism includes a first water tank and a second water tank, the first water tank is provided with a first liquid level gauge for monitoring the highest liquid level, the second water tank is provided with a second liquid level gauge for monitoring the lowest liquid level, the bottoms of the first water tank and the second water tank are connected through a water supply pipe with a water supply control valve, and the tops of the first water tank and the second water tank are connected with a gas connecting pipe with an air path control valve; the first water tank is connected to a water inlet pipe, and a water inlet control valve and a water inlet check valve are provided on the water inlet pipe; the electrolyzer oxygen output pipe is connected to the top of the second water tank, and the oxygen output pipe is also connected to the top of the second water tank.

[0012] Furthermore, in the aforementioned PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device, an exhaust pipeline is provided on the first water tank, and an exhaust check valve and an exhaust control valve are provided on the exhaust pipeline.

[0013] Furthermore, in the aforementioned PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device, a drain pipe with a drain control valve is provided at the bottom of the purification mechanism.

[0014] The advantages of the utility model are: simple structure, and the setting of the pressure equalizing mechanism avoids pressure imbalance in the pipeline caused by fluctuations in factors such as flow rate during the release of oxygen and hydrogen, thereby effectively reducing the pressure difference on both sides of the membrane electrode inside the electrolyzer, and avoiding the mutual penetration of hydrogen and oxygen through the membrane electrode. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of a PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device described in the utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a pressure equalizing mechanism in a PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device described in the utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram comparing the components of hydrogen and oxygen produced by PEM water electrolysis with and without a pressure equalizing mechanism installed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0020] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, a PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device includes: a water supply mechanism 1, an electrolyzer 2, and a hydrogen purification mechanism 3. The water supply mechanism 1 is connected to the electrolyzer 2 through a water delivery pipe 4 with a water pump 41. The electrolyzer 2 is connected with an electrolyzer hydrogen output pipe 21 and an electrolyzer oxygen output pipe 22, and the electrolyzer hydrogen output pipe 21 is connected to the hydrogen purification mechanism 3, and the hydrogen purification mechanism 3 is provided with a hydrogen output pipe 31. A drain pipe 32 with a drain control valve 321 is provided at the bottom of the purification mechanism 3. The water generated in the purification mechanism 3 is discharged to the outside through the drain pipe 32.

[0021] The electrolytic cell oxygen output pipe 22 is connected to the top of the water supply mechanism 1, the top of the water supply mechanism 1 is connected to the oxygen output pipe 121, the output end of the hydrogen output pipe 31 is provided with a hydrogen back pressure valve 311, and the output end of the oxygen output pipe 121 is provided with an oxygen back pressure valve 122.

[0022] In this embodiment, a plurality of pressure equalizing mechanisms are arranged between the output end of the hydrogen output pipe 31 and the output end of the oxygen output pipe 122, and the structure of each pressure equalizing mechanism includes: a pressure equalizing chamber 5, a buffer baffle 6 capable of elastic deformation is arranged in the pressure equalizing chamber 5, and an oxygen buffer chamber 51 and a hydrogen buffer chamber 52 are formed in the pressure equalizing chamber 5 on both sides of the buffer baffle 6, respectively, and the volume of the hydrogen buffer chamber 52 is twice the volume of the oxygen buffer chamber 51. The pressure equalizing chamber 5 is provided with an oxygen inlet 511 connected to the oxygen buffer chamber 51 and a hydrogen inlet 521 connected to the hydrogen buffer chamber 52. The oxygen inlet 511 on the pressure equalizing chamber 5 is connected to the output end of the oxygen output pipe 122, and the hydrogen inlet 521 on the pressure equalizing chamber 5 is connected to the output end of the hydrogen output pipe 31; when the pressure on both sides of the oxygen buffer chamber 51 and the hydrogen buffer chamber 52 is unbalanced, the buffer baffle 6 will deform under the pressure. In this embodiment, the buffer baffle 6 is made of elastic steel sheet.

[0023] The installation structure of the buffer baffle 6 includes: the pressure equalizing chamber 5 is formed by the hydrogen buffer chamber 52 and the oxygen buffer chamber 51 being matched, and flanges are provided on the outer walls of the oxygen buffer chamber 51 and the hydrogen buffer chamber 52 at the matching position, specifically, a first flange 71 is provided on the outer wall of the oxygen buffer chamber 51, and a second flange 72 is provided on the outer wall of the hydrogen buffer chamber 52, the edge of the buffer baffle 6 extends to the matching position of the hydrogen buffer chamber 52 and the oxygen buffer chamber 51, a sealing assembly is provided between the hydrogen buffer chamber 52 and the oxygen buffer chamber 51, and the flanges on the hydrogen buffer chamber 52 and the oxygen buffer chamber 51 are fixed by bolts, so that the hydrogen buffer chamber 52 and the oxygen buffer chamber 51 are fixed and sealed, and the buffer baffle 6 is fixed between the hydrogen buffer chamber 52 and the oxygen buffer chamber 51.

[0024] The sealing assembly includes: a blocking groove 721 is provided at the position of the second flange 72 near the outer wall of the pressure equalizing chamber 5, and a blocking protrusion 711 is provided at the position of the first flange 71 near the outer wall of the pressure equalizing chamber 5. The edge of the buffer baffle 6 extends into the blocking groove 721, and a sealing ring 61 is provided between the hydrogen buffer chamber 52 and the oxygen buffer chamber 51. The sealing ring 61 is stuck in the blocking groove 721. Tightening the bolts between the first flange 71 and the second flange 72 can make the blocking protrusion 711 stuck outside the sealing ring 61.

[0025] The water supply mechanism includes a first water tank 11 and a second water tank 12. A first liquid level gauge 111 for monitoring the highest liquid level is provided in the first water tank 11, and a second liquid level gauge 121 for monitoring the lowest liquid level is provided in the second water tank 12. The bottom of the first water tank 11 and the second water tank 12 are connected through a water supply pipe 9 with a water supply control valve 91, and the top of the first water tank 11 and the second water tank 12 are connected with a gas connection pipe 8 with a gas circuit control valve 81. The first water tank 11 is connected with a water inlet pipe 10, and a water inlet control valve 101 and a water inlet check valve 102 are provided on the water inlet pipe 10. An exhaust pipeline 112 is provided on the first water tank 11, and an exhaust check valve 113 and an exhaust control valve 114 are provided on the exhaust pipeline 112. The electrolyzer oxygen output pipe 22 is connected to the top of the second water tank 12, and the oxygen output pipe 122 is also connected to the top of the second water tank 12.

[0026] During the electrolysis of water, when the second liquid level gauge 121 detects that the liquid level in the second water tank 12 is low, the gas circuit control valve 81 and the water replenishment control valve 91 are opened, and the water in the first water tank 11 is replenished into the second water tank 12 through the water replenishment pipe 9 under the action of gravity, until the water levels in the two water tanks are flush, the water replenishment in the second water tank is completed, and the gas circuit control valve 81 and the water replenishment control valve 91 are closed. Then, the water inlet control valve 101 and the exhaust control valve 114 are opened, and the external water supply is replenished into the first water tank 11 through the water pipe 10, until the first liquid level gauge 111 detects that the water level reaches the highest level, then the water replenishment of the first water tank 11 is completed, and then the water inlet control valve 101 and the exhaust control valve 114 are closed.

[0027] The working principle is as follows: the water in the second water tank 12 enters the electrolytic cell 2 through the water delivery pipe 4 under the pumping of the water pump 41, and the hydrogen generated by electrolysis in the electrolytic cell 2 enters the hydrogen purification mechanism 3 through the electrolytic cell hydrogen output pipe 21 for purification, and the purified hydrogen is output to the outside through the hydrogen output pipe 31.

[0028] The oxygen generated by electrolysis in the electrolytic cell 2 contains a large amount of water and is therefore transported to the second water tank 12 through the electrolytic cell oxygen output pipe 22. The oxygen in the second water tank 12 is output to the outside through the oxygen exhaust pipe 122.

[0029] In this embodiment, a pressure equalizing mechanism is provided between the output end of the hydrogen output pipe 31 and the output end of the oxygen exhaust pipe 122, the oxygen in the oxygen exhaust pipe 122 will enter the air buffer chamber 52 for buffering, and the hydrogen in the hydrogen output pipe 31 will enter the hydrogen buffer chamber 52 for buffering. When the pressure on both sides of the air buffer chamber 51 and the hydrogen buffer chamber 52 is unbalanced, the buffer baffle 6 will deform under the pressure to balance the pressure difference between the oxygen exhaust pipe 122 and the hydrogen output pipe 31, thereby preventing hydrogen and oxygen from permeating each other through the membrane electrode. Figure 4 As shown, after the pressure equalizing mechanism is set, the hydrogen content in oxygen is greatly reduced, and the oxygen content in hydrogen is also greatly reduced, which obviously greatly improves the quality of the product hydrogen. The number of pressure equalizing mechanisms can be set according to actual needs.

[0030] The advantages of the utility model are: simple structure, the setting of the pressure equalizing mechanism avoids the pressure imbalance in the pipeline caused by fluctuations in factors such as flow rate during the release of oxygen and hydrogen, thereby effectively reducing the pressure difference on both sides of the membrane electrode inside the electrolyzer, and avoiding the mutual penetration of hydrogen and oxygen through the membrane electrode.

Claims

1. A PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device, comprising: A water supply mechanism, an electrolyzer, and a hydrogen purification mechanism, wherein the water supply mechanism and the electrolyzer are connected via a water delivery pipe with a water pump, the electrolyzer is connected with an electrolyzer hydrogen output pipe and an electrolyzer oxygen output pipe, the electrolyzer hydrogen output pipe is connected to the hydrogen purification mechanism, a hydrogen output pipe is provided on the hydrogen purification mechanism, the electrolyzer oxygen output pipe is connected to the top of the water supply mechanism, the top of the water supply mechanism is connected with an oxygen output pipe, and the output ends of the hydrogen output pipe and the oxygen output pipe are both provided with oxygen back pressure valves; the characteristic is that: a plurality of pressure equalizing mechanisms are provided between the output ends of the hydrogen output pipe and the output ends of the oxygen output pipe, each The structure of a pressure equalizing mechanism includes: a pressure equalizing chamber, in which a buffer baffle capable of elastic deformation is arranged, an oxygen buffer chamber and a hydrogen buffer chamber are respectively formed in the pressure equalizing chamber on both sides of the buffer baffle, and the volume of the hydrogen buffer chamber is twice the volume of the oxygen buffer chamber; the pressure equalizing chamber is provided with an oxygen inlet connected to the oxygen buffer chamber and a hydrogen inlet connected to the hydrogen buffer chamber, the oxygen inlet on the pressure equalizing chamber is connected to the output end of the oxygen output pipe, and the hydrogen inlet on the pressure equalizing chamber is connected to the output end of the hydrogen output pipe; when the pressure on both sides of the oxygen buffer chamber and the hydrogen buffer chamber is unbalanced, the buffer baffle will be deformed under the action of pressure.

2. A PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure equalizing bin is formed by the matching of a hydrogen buffer bin and an oxygen buffer bin. Flanges are provided on the outer walls of the oxygen buffer bin and the hydrogen buffer bin at the matching position. The edge of the buffer baffle extends to the matching position of the hydrogen buffer bin and the oxygen buffer bin. A sealing component is provided between the hydrogen buffer bin and the oxygen buffer bin. The flanges on the hydrogen buffer bin and the oxygen buffer bin are fixed by bolts, so that the hydrogen buffer bin and the oxygen buffer bin are fixed and sealed, and the buffer baffle is fixed between the hydrogen buffer bin and the oxygen buffer bin.

3. A PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first flange is arranged on the outer wall of the oxygen buffer bin, a second flange is arranged on the outer wall of the hydrogen buffer bin, a blocking groove is arranged on the second flange near the outer wall of the pressure equalizing bin, a blocking protrusion is arranged on the first flange near the outer wall of the pressure equalizing bin, the edge of the buffer blocking piece extends into the blocking groove, a sealing ring is arranged between the hydrogen buffer bin and the oxygen buffer bin, the sealing ring is stuck in the blocking groove, and tightening the bolts between the first flange and the second flange can make the blocking protrusion stuck outside the sealing ring.

4. A PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer baffle is made of elastic steel sheet.

5. A PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The water supply mechanism includes a first water tank and a second water tank. The first water tank is provided with a first liquid level gauge for monitoring the highest liquid level, and the second water tank is provided with a second liquid level gauge for monitoring the lowest liquid level. The bottoms of the first water tank and the second water tank are connected through a water supply pipe with a water supply control valve, and the tops of the first water tank and the second water tank are connected with a gas connecting pipe with an air path control valve; the first water tank is connected to a water inlet pipe, and a water inlet control valve and a water inlet check valve are provided on the water inlet pipe; the oxygen output pipe of the electrolyzer is connected to the top of the second water tank, and the oxygen output pipe is also connected to the top of the second water tank.

6. A PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An exhaust pipeline is arranged on the first water tank, and an exhaust check valve and an exhaust control valve are arranged on the exhaust pipeline.

7. A PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A drain pipe with a drain control valve is provided at the bottom of the purification mechanism.

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