A water body particle sampling and filtering device

Abstract

The utility model provides a water body particle sampling and filtering device, comprising a sample storage unit, a sampling unit, a filtration unit and an automatic control unit; the sample storage unit comprises at least two corrosion-resistant containers with a capacity of not less than 2000ml; the sampling unit comprises a peristaltic pump and a peristaltic pump tube; the filtration unit comprises a row filtration unit and a graded filtration unit; the row filtration unit comprises at least two filter cups, a filtration bottle and a first vacuum pump; the graded filtration unit comprises at least two filters connected in series and a second vacuum pump; the second vacuum pump is connected to the air suction port of each filter through a pipeline, and the filtrate discharge port and the sample inlet are connected in series in sequence between at least two filters through a pipeline; the automatic control unit controls the peristaltic pump of the sampling unit and the first vacuum pump and the second vacuum pump of the filtration unit. The device of the utility model can realize automatic sampling and filtration of water body samples, and can efficiently realize the specified measurement requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a device for water body observation, in particular to a water body particle sampling and filtering device for ocean optical investigation. Background Art

[0002] Water is one of the most important material resources on the earth's surface. Optical surveys of water bodies can provide various information such as water quality and water quantity, and provide data support for environmental monitoring, resource management, disaster warning and other fields. Using a spectrophotometer to measure the absorption coefficients of the three elements of water bodies is an important means of optical surveys of water bodies, usually referring to measuring the absorption coefficients of phytoplankton, non-algae particles and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in water bodies. These components are important components of the optical properties of water bodies and are of great significance to water color remote sensing and water quality analysis. According to the "Technical Regulations for Marine Optical Surveys" commonly used in this field, when using a spectrophotometer to measure the absorption coefficients of the three elements of water bodies, water samples must first be collected and filtered as needed to separate different water components.

[0003] In order to achieve the measurement standards specified in the "Ocean Optical Survey Technical Regulations", it is usually necessary to vacuum filter the total particulate matter AP, vacuum filter and multi-stage filter the yellow matter CDOM and fractionated chlorophyll a, and control the water sample volume and pressure during filtration, etc. The measurement methods used in the prior art are complex to operate, have low filtration efficiency, large errors in the amount of particulate matter collected, high risk of sample contamination, inability to accurately control the water sample volume and pressure, and poor adaptability to specific environmental conditions (such as hull swing).

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new water particle sampling and filtering device to efficiently achieve the measurement requirements specified in the "Technical Regulations for Marine Optical Surveys". Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above technical background, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a water particle sampling and filtering device, which can realize automatic sampling and filtering of water samples and can efficiently achieve the measurement requirements specified in the "Technical Regulations for Marine Optical Surveys".

[0006] The above-mentioned purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] Provided is a water body particle sampling and filtering device, comprising a sample storage unit, a sampling unit, a filtration unit and an automatic control unit;

[0008] The sample storage unit is used to store pure water and collected water samples, and includes at least two corrosion-resistant containers with a capacity of not less than 2000 ml;

[0009] The sampling unit is used to quantitatively extract pure water and / or water samples from the corrosion-resistant container and then send them to the filtration unit, and includes a peristaltic pump and a peristaltic pump tube; the peristaltic pump quantitatively extracts pure water and / or water samples and then sends them to the filtration unit through the peristaltic pump tube;

[0010] The filtration unit includes a parallel filtration unit and a graded filtration unit; the parallel filtration unit is used to filter the total particulate matter AP in the water sample, and includes at least two filter cups, a filtration bottle and a first vacuum pump; each filter cup has an inlet open to the peristaltic pump tube and a filter membrane inside the outlet; the filtration bottle is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet, a liquid inlet and a liquid discharge port; the air inlet is provided with an air inlet valve, the air outlet is connected to the first vacuum pump via a pipeline, and the liquid inlet is connected to the outlet of the filter cup via a pipeline; the graded filtration unit is used for filtering the total particulate matter AP in the water sample, and includes at least two filter cups, a filtration bottle and a first vacuum pump; the inlet of each filter cup is open to the peristaltic pump tube and a filter membrane is provided inside the outlet; the filtration bottle is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet, a liquid inlet and a liquid discharge port; the air inlet is provided with an air inlet valve, the air outlet is connected to the first vacuum pump via a pipeline, and the liquid inlet is connected to the outlet of the filter cup via a pipeline; the graded filtration unit is used for filtering the total particulate matter AP in the water sample, and includes at least two filter cups, a filtration bottle and a first vacuum pump; the graded filtration unit is used for filtering the total particulate matter AP in the water sample, and ... The invention is used for repeatedly filtering yellow substance CDOM in water samples and filtering and classifying chlorophyll a, comprising at least two filters connected in series and a second vacuum pump; each of the filters is composed of a sample chamber and a filtrate chamber connected in a detachable manner, and a filter membrane is arranged between the sample chamber and the filtrate chamber; the sample chamber is provided with a sample inlet, and the filtrate chamber is provided with a filtrate discharge port and an air suction port; the second vacuum pump is respectively connected to the air suction port of the filtrate chamber of each filter through a pipeline, and at the same time, the filtrate discharge port and the sample inlet are connected in series in sequence through a pipeline between the at least two filters;

[0011] The automatic control unit controls the peristaltic pump of the sampling unit and the first vacuum pump and the second vacuum pump of the filtration unit, and includes a single-chip microcomputer; the single-chip microcomputer is connected to a drive chip and a relay, the drive chip is electrically connected to the peristaltic pump, and the relay is electrically connected to the first vacuum pump and the second vacuum pump.

[0012] In the preferred solution of the utility model, in order to ensure sufficient water samples, the sample storage unit includes 3-5 corrosion-resistant containers with a capacity of 3000-5000ml. The corrosion-resistant container is preferably made of PE.

[0013] In a preferred solution of the utility model, in order to enable the peristaltic pump tube to be moved to any of the filter cups or filters for accurate sample separation during use, a universal tube is provided next to each peristaltic pump tube in the sample separation unit, and the universal tube can bind or support the peristaltic pump tube next to it so that it can reach the target filter cup or filter at any angle; in a further preferred solution, each universal tube is provided with a universal damping joint.

[0014] In the preferred embodiment of the utility model, in order to allow the sample solution to be fully discharged into the filter cup and the filter, and to allow pure water to flush the filter cup and / or the filter at a certain pressure, the end of the peristaltic pump tube is also provided with a pressure nozzle.

[0015] In the preferred solution of the utility model, in order to facilitate the exhaust of air in the pipeline before sampling and sub-sampling, so that the sample solution can fully flow through the pipeline and reduce the inaccurate sampling error caused by the air in the pipeline, the sub-sampling unit is further provided with a waste liquid storage container for receiving the waste liquid from the peristaltic pump tube; the waste liquid storage container is provided with a waste liquid inlet and a waste outlet. In a further preferred solution, a drain valve is provided outside the liquid outlet of the filter bottle of the linked filter unit and outside the waste outlet of the waste liquid storage container.

[0016] In the preferred solution of the utility model, in order to meet the filtering requirements of the total particulate matter AP to the greatest extent, the said coupled filtration unit includes 4 said filter cups.

[0017] In a further preferred solution of the utility model, the air inlet valve of the air inlet of the suction bottle is a pneumatic valve; the drain valves outside the liquid discharge port of the suction bottle and outside the waste discharge port of the waste liquid storage container are both electromagnetic water valves; and the relay of the automatic control unit is electrically connected to the pneumatic valve and the electromagnetic water valve.

[0018] In a further preferred scheme of the utility model, in order to more conveniently control the entire sampling and filtering device, the automatic control unit is also provided with an external input keyboard, and the input keyboard is provided with 9-16 function keys, which respectively correspond to different control functions such as reset and restart, start and stop of each peristaltic pump, start and stop of each vacuum pump, start and stop of each electromagnetic water valve, start and stop of each pneumatic valve, different sampling volumes, and emergency stop.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the sampling and filtering device of the utility model can realize automatic sampling and filtering of water samples, can efficiently realize the measurement requirements specified in the "Technical Regulations for Marine Optical Surveys", and is more suitable for marine optical surveys. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the front side of the sampling and filtering device of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the reverse side of the sampling and filtering device of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 The present invention embodies the structural schematic diagram of the filtration unit of the sampling filtration device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of automatic control in the sampling and filtering device of the utility model.

[0024] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals:

[0025] 10-PP plastic shell, 20-aluminum bracket, 31-liquid storage barrel, 41-peristaltic pump, 42-peristaltic pump tube, 43-universal tube, 45-waste liquid barrel, 46-universal damping joint, 50-electromagnetic water valve, 51-filter cup, 52-filter bottle, 53-first vacuum pump, 54-air inlet, 55-air outlet, 56-liquid inlet, 57-liquid discharge port, 58-electromagnetic air valve, 60-filter, 61-second vacuum pump, 62-sample chamber, 63-filtrate chamber, 64-sample liquid inlet, 66-air suction port, 67-water stop valve, 70-16-bit keyboard. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in the form of enumerated embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0027] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0028] Secondly, the utility model is described in detail with schematic diagrams. When describing the embodiments of the utility model, for the convenience of explanation, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general proportion, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the utility model. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0029] The utility model provides an automatic water body particle sampling and filtering device, the overall structure of which is as follows Figure 1 As shown, it includes a PP plastic shell 10 and an aluminum bracket 20 inside it; the aluminum bracket 20 is provided with a control unit module, a sample storage unit module, an automatic sampling module, a quadruple filtration module and a graded filtration module.

[0030] The sample storage unit is used to store pure water and collected water samples, such as Figure 1 As shown, five 5L PE liquid storage barrels 31 are included, one of which is used to store pure water, and the others are used to store different collected water samples.

[0031] The main function of the automatic sampling module is to accurately and quantitatively separate pure water and various sample liquids, and quantitatively extract pure water and / or water samples from the PE liquid storage barrel 31 and send them to the quadruple filtration module and the graded filtration module. Figure 1 , 2As shown, it includes 5 high-precision peristaltic pumps 41, 5 groups of peristaltic pump tubes 42, 5 universal tubes 43, 5 pressure nozzles and 1 waste liquid barrel 45. Each universal tube 43 is provided with a universal damping joint 46. The peristaltic pump tube 42 can form a temporary combination with the universal tube 43 by winding or bundling. With the support of the universal tube 43, the opening of the peristaltic pump tube 42 can reach the target container (filter cup or filter) for sampling at any angle. The capacity of the waste liquid barrel 45 is 3L-5L, and an electromagnetic water valve 50 is provided outside the waste outlet. The universal damping joint 46 is provided to facilitate the user to move to any filter cup for accurate sampling during use; the pressure nozzle is provided to ensure complete rinsing by increasing the water flow pressure during the rinsing process. Considering that the device needs to be reused, the peristaltic pump 41 has problems such as inaccurate sampling in the presence of air. Therefore, before the sample is divided, the peristaltic pump 41 needs to be started to exhaust the air in the clean pipe, and the sample liquid needs to flow through the pipe fully before the sampling can be officially started. Therefore, this module provides a waste liquid bucket 45 to facilitate the user to carry out the preliminary pretreatment work.

[0032] The quadruple filtration module is mainly used to meet the filtration requirements of total particulate matter AP. The structural diagram of the quadruple filtration module is as follows: Figure 1 , 3 As shown, it includes 4 transparent filter cups 51 with a capacity of 300ml, 1 suction filtration bottle 52 with a capacity of 2L and a first vacuum pump 53; each filter cup 51 has an inlet open to the peristaltic pump tube 42, an outlet is provided with a replaceable 25mm diameter filter membrane, and a manual switch 59 is provided at the bottom; the suction filtration bottle 52 is provided with an air inlet 54, an air outlet 55, a liquid inlet 56 and a liquid discharge port 57; the air inlet 54 is provided with an electromagnetic air valve 58, the air outlet 55 is connected to the first vacuum pump 53 through a pipeline, and the liquid inlet 56 is connected to the outlet of the filter cup 51 through a pipeline; the liquid discharge port 57 is provided with an electromagnetic water valve 50 outside.

[0033] The graded filtration unit is used to repeatedly filter the yellow substance CDOM in the water sample and filter and grade chlorophyll a. Its structure is as follows Figure 1 , 3 As shown, it includes three 1000ml filters 60 and a second vacuum pump 61 connected in series; each filter 60 is composed of a sample chamber 62 and a filtrate chamber 63 which are detachably connected, and a filter membrane with a diameter of 47mm is arranged between the sample chamber and the filtrate chamber; the sample chamber 62 is provided with a sample inlet 64, and the filtrate chamber 63 is provided with a filtrate discharge port and an air suction port 66; the second vacuum pump 61 is connected to the air suction port of each filter 60 through a pipeline, and at the same time, the filtrate discharge port and the sample inlet 64 are connected in series in sequence between the three filters 60 through pipelines; the second vacuum pump 61 is connected to each filter 60 through a pipeline, and a water stop valve 67 is arranged on each pipeline.

[0034] The control unit module includes the main control microcontroller YD-CH32V307VCT6, and its control schematic diagram is as follows Figure 4 As shown, one serial port is used to directly connect a 16-key custom keyboard 70, five serial ports are used to connect to an RS485 driver chip, and then connected to five peristaltic pumps 41; three GPIOs are used to control a 12V relay to connect two solenoid water valves 50 and one solenoid gas valve 58.

[0035] When the sampling and filtering device described in the utility model is used, the method of using each filtering module is as follows:

[0036] The method of using the quadruple filtration module is as follows: first, use the peristaltic pump 41 to drive the peristaltic pump tube 42 to extract water samples from the liquid storage barrel 31 according to a predetermined amount, and add different types of sample liquids to different filter cups 51 through the peristaltic pump tube 42 and the pressure nozzle, and then turn on the first vacuum pump 53 to start filtration. During the filtration process, the user can observe the color of the filter membrane at any time to grasp the filtration situation, and can add new sample solution to any filter cup 51 at any time. When a certain sample liquid has been filtered and other samples have not been filtered, the user can turn off the manual switch 59 of the channel by himself to prevent dry extraction. Finally, when all the sample liquid in the filter cup 51 passes through the filtration device and reaches the filtration bottle 52, turn off the first vacuum pump 53, open the electromagnetic water valve 50 and the electromagnetic air valve 58, and discharge the unnecessary waste liquid into the waste liquid barrel 45. When the filter cup 51 needs to be rinsed with pure water, the peristaltic pump 41 drives the peristaltic pump tube 42 to extract pure water from the liquid storage barrel 31 storing pure water according to a predetermined amount, and then sprays it into the filter cup 51 to be rinsed through the peristaltic pump tube 42 and the pressure nozzle to achieve pressurized rinsing. It can be seen that this module can meet the requirements of vacuum filtration, flow control, cleaning and rinsing, real-time observation and replacement of filter membranes required by total particulate matter AP.

[0037] The method of using the graded filtration module is as follows: first, use the peristaltic pump 41 to drive the peristaltic pump tube 42 to extract a water sample from the liquid storage barrel 31 according to a predetermined amount, and add different types of sample liquids to the sample chamber 62 of the filter 60 with a capacity of 1000ml on the far right (first stage) through the peristaltic pump tube 42 and the pressure nozzle, open the rightmost water stop valve 67, and then turn on the second vacuum pump 61 to start filtration. During the filtration process, the user can observe the color of the filter membrane and the filtrate at any time to grasp the filtration situation, and can add new sample solution to the filter at any time. When the sample liquid in the filter 60 on the far right has been filtered out, the second vacuum pump 61 and the water stop valve 67 are closed to prevent dry extraction. Then, remove the filtrate chamber 63 at the bottom of the filter 60 on the far right (first stage) that receives the filtrate, and pour it into the sample chamber 62 of the middle (second stage) filter 60; or complete the liquid transfer through a pump and a pipeline. Then use the peristaltic pump 41 of the automatic sampling module to add pure water to the rightmost (first stage) filter 60 to rinse the cup wall, open the second vacuum pump 61 and the water stop valve 67 of the middle road (second stage), and start the second stage filtration. According to the above process, the user can use the leftmost (third stage) filter 60 for the third stage filtration according to his own experimental design. Finally, after the third stage filtration is completed, close the second vacuum pump 61 and all water stop valves 67, and take the filtrate from the last stage filter 60. It can be seen that this module can meet the requirements of vacuum filtration, multi-stage filtration, flow control, cleaning, rinsing and obtaining filtrate required for the filtration of yellow substance CDOM and graded chlorophyll a.

[0038] In addition, based on the control unit module, the method of using a 16-key custom keyboard to operate the sampling filtering device of the utility model is as follows:

[0039] The 16-bit keyboards are numbered 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, and F.

[0040] Here is the function table:

[0041] Table 1.16-bit keyboard function table

[0042]

[0043]

[0044] When you input 1 to 5, the control light corresponding to the peristaltic pump lights up. Press it again to turn off the control light. At this time, input A to E to start sampling. Each time the user inputs 1 to 5, the previous control will be automatically turned off. For example: If the user has turned on the No. 1 peristaltic pump control light, when the pure water control light is pressed again, the No. 1 control light will turn off and the pure water control light will light up.

[0045] If there is no sampling operation within 90 seconds after pressing the control light, all control lights will be automatically turned off.

[0046] Note: When no control light is on, directly inputting A~E will not produce any response.

[0047] When the waste liquid discharge, sample discharge, quadruple filtration vacuum pump and multi-stage filtration vacuum pump are turned on, the corresponding control lights will light up. Pressing them again will automatically turn off and the control lights will go out.

[0048] Specific experimental process example using the device of the utility model

[0049] This section designs an experimental process based on an automatic water particle sampling and filtration device according to the Regulations and previous cases.

[0050] 1. Filtration and storage of yellow substance CDOM

[0051] 1) Soak 0.2 μm polycarbonate filter paper in 10% hydrochloric acid (HCl) for at least 15 minutes, then rinse the filter paper three times with pure water for standby use;

[0052] 2) Shake at least 1L of the sample liquid to be filtered and then input it into the No. 1 liquid storage barrel 31. After the input is completed, turn on the device and prepare for sampling;

[0053] 3) Adjust the universal damping joint 46 so that the peristaltic pump tube 42 corresponding to the No. 1 liquid storage barrel points to the waste liquid barrel 45, press the 1 key on the 16-bit keyboard to turn on the No. 1 peristaltic pump 41, press the E key to select custom sampling, wait for water to flow out, and when the water flow is stable and free of bubbles, press the F key to close the custom mode. This step is mainly used to drain the residual air in the device and rinse the pipeline.

[0054] 4) Install a 0.7 μm GF / F membrane in the first-stage filter 60 of the graded filtration module;

[0055] 5) Adjust the universal damping joint 46 so that the peristaltic pump tube 42 corresponding to the No. 1 liquid storage barrel points to the first-stage filter 60 of the graded filtration module, press the D key - sample 50 ml, and wait for the water sample to be automatically discharged;

[0056] 6) Observe the scale line on the filter to see if there is 50ml. If it is less than 50ml, use the E and F keys to add more. If there is excess, use a dropper to suck out some.

[0057] 7) Open the water stop valve of the first-stage filter 60, press the 9 key to turn on the second vacuum pump 61 of the graded filtration module, start filtration, wait for the device to finish filtering, press the 9 key again to turn off the second vacuum pump 61, gently shake the filtrate to rinse the container wall, and then discharge the filtrate for disposal;

[0058] 8) Remove the filter membrane and repeat step 4.

[0059] 9) Based on steps 5 to 7, filter 300 ml of sample solution and wait for the filtration to be completed;

[0060] 10) Install 0.2 μm GF / F membrane on the second stage filter 60;

[0061] 11) Take out the filtrate in the filtrate chamber 63 of the first-stage filter 60 and pour 30 ml into the sample chamber 62 of the second-stage filter 60;

[0062] 12) Open the water stop valve 67 of the second-stage filter 60, press the 9 key to turn on the second vacuum pump 61, start filtration, wait for the device to finish filtering, press the 9 key again to turn off the second vacuum pump 61, gently shake the filtrate to rinse the container wall, and then discharge the filtrate for disposal;

[0063] 13) Take out the filter membrane and repeat step 10;

[0064] 14) Based on steps 11 and 12, filter 300 ml of the sample solution and wait for the filtration to be completed;

[0065] 15) Obtain the filtrate in the filtrate chamber 63 of the second-stage filter 60 and store it. The storage process will not be described in detail;

[0066] 16) Press key 7 - open the electromagnetic valve 50 outside the drain port 57 of the suction filter bottle 52 to drain the liquid, and at the same time open the electromagnetic valve 50 outside the outlet of the waste liquid barrel 45 to discharge the waste liquid.

[0067] 2 Filter total particulate matter AP

[0068] 1) Prepare about 40 ml of sample water filtered through 0.2 μm filter paper and use it to soak three pieces of GF / F filter paper with a diameter of 25 mm and a pore size of 0.7 μm for 0.5 hour, and set aside;

[0069] 2) Shake the two parallel samples of the surface layer and the 3L sample water of 5m and 10m evenly and then input them into the liquid storage barrels 31 of No. 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. Input at least 1L of pure water into the liquid storage barrel 31 storing pure water (the pure water barrel is mainly used for flushing pipes and containers. If there are other requirements, pure water can be replaced with other flushing liquids). After the input is completed, open the device and prepare for sampling;

[0070] 3) Adjust the universal damping joint 46 so that the peristaltic pump tube 42 corresponding to the No. 1 liquid storage barrel points to the waste liquid barrel 45, press the 1 key of the 16-bit keyboard to turn on the peristaltic pump 41 corresponding to the No. 1 liquid storage barrel, press the E key to select custom sampling, wait for water to flow out, and when the water flow is stable and free of bubbles, press the F key to close the custom mode. This step is mainly used to exhaust the residual air in the device and rinse the pipeline;

[0071] 4) Repeat step 3 to rinse pipelines 2, 3, 4 and their pure water pipelines;

[0072] 5) Install GF / F filter paper with a pore size of 0.7 μm in the filter cups 51 of different branches of the quadruple filtration module;

[0073] 6) Adjust the universal damping joint 46 so that the peristaltic pump tube 42 corresponding to the No. 1 liquid storage barrel points to the first filter cup 51 of the quadruple device, press the 1 key on the 16-bit keyboard to turn on the No. 1 peristaltic pump, and press the A key to sample 300 ml;

[0074] 7) Observe whether there is 300 ml of sample liquid in the filter cup 51. If it is less than 300 ml, use the E and F keys to add more sample liquid. If there is excess sample liquid, use a dropper to suck out the excess sample liquid.

[0075] 8) Turn on the manual switch 59 of the first filter cup;

[0076] 9) Press key 8 to turn on the first vacuum pump 53 of the quadruple filtration, wait for the filtration to be completed, and then turn off the first vacuum pump 53;

[0077] 10) Adjust the universal damping joint 46 so that the peristaltic pump tube 42 corresponding to the pure water points to the first filter cup 51 of the quadruple filtration module, press the 5 key on the 16-bit keyboard to turn on the peristaltic pump 41 corresponding to the pure water, press the D key to sample 10 ml, repeat twice, and take 20 ml;

[0078] 11) Rinse and filter with pure water, and repeat according to 7-9;

[0079] 12) Repeat filtering 2, 3, and 4 according to 6-11;

[0080] 13) Take out the filter membrane and store it. The storage process will not be described in detail.

[0081] 14) Press the 7 key to open the sample drain (and drain the waste water bottle at the same time) to drain the waste liquid.

[0082] 3 Filtering and grading chlorophyll a

[0083] 1) Soak 20 μm, 3 μm and 0.7 μm polycarbonate filter papers in 10% hydrochloric acid (HCl) for at least 15 minutes, then rinse the filter papers three times with pure water for later use;

[0084] 2) Shake at least 2L of the sample to be filtered and then input it into the No. 1 liquid storage barrel 31, and input at least 1L of pure water into the liquid storage barrel 31 for storing pure water (mainly used for flushing pipes and containers. If there are special requirements, pure water can be replaced with other flushing liquids). After the input is completed, open the device and prepare for sampling;

[0085] 3) Adjust the universal damping joint 46 so that the peristaltic pump tube 42 corresponding to the No. 1 liquid storage barrel points to the waste liquid barrel 45, press the 1 key of the 16-bit keyboard to turn on the No. 1 peristaltic pump, press the E key to select custom sampling, wait for water to flow out, and when the water flow is stable and free of bubbles, press the F key to close the custom mode. This step is mainly used to drain the residual air in the device and rinse the pipeline;

[0086] 4) Repeat step 3 to rinse the pure water pipeline;

[0087] 5) Install a 20 μm GF / F membrane in the first filter 60 of the graded filtration module, install a 3 μm GF / F membrane in the second filter 60, and install a 0.7 μm GF / F membrane in the third filter 60;

[0088] 6) Adjust the universal damping joint 46 so that the peristaltic pump tube 42 corresponding to the No. 1 liquid storage barrel points to the sample chamber 62 of the first-stage filter 60, press the 1 key of the 16-bit keyboard to turn on the No. 1 peristaltic pump 41, press the A key to sample 300 ml, press the B key again to sample 100 ml, repeat twice, and sample a total of 500 ml;

[0089] 7) Observe whether there is 500 ml of sample liquid in the sample chamber 62 of the filter 60. If it is less than 500 ml, use the E and F keys to add more sample liquid. If there is excess sample liquid, use a dropper to suck out the excess sample liquid.

[0090] 8) Open the water stop valve 67 below the first stage filter 60;

[0091] 9) Press the 8 key to turn on the second vacuum pump 61 of the graded filtration module, wait for the filtration to be completed, and then turn off the second vacuum pump 61;

[0092] 10) Observe the filter membrane. If the color is lighter, add another 500 ml and repeat steps 7-9.

[0093] 11) Adjust the universal damping joint 46 so that the peristaltic pump tube 42 corresponding to pure water points to the sample chamber 62 of the first-stage filter 60, press the 5 key of the 16-bit keyboard to turn on the peristaltic pump 41 corresponding to pure water, press the D key to sample 10 ml, repeat 3 times, and take 30 ml;

[0094] 12) Rinse and filter with pure water, and repeat according to 8-10;

[0095] 13) Pour the filtrate in the filtrate chamber 63 of the first-stage filter 60 into the sample chamber 62 of the second-stage filter 60 and filter according to steps 8-12;

[0096] 14) Pour the filtrate from the filtrate chamber 63 of the second filter 60 into the sample chamber 62 of the third filter 60 and filter according to steps 8-12;

[0097] 15) Take out the filter membrane and store it. The storage process will not be described in detail.

[0098] 16) Press the 7 key to open the sample drain (and drain the waste water bottle at the same time) to drain the waste liquid.

[0099] 17) Discard the waste liquid from the third-stage filter.

Claims

1. A water particle sampling and filtering device, characterized in that: It includes a sample storage unit, a sample separation unit, a filtration unit and an automatic control unit; The sample storage unit is used to store pure water and collected water samples, and includes at least two corrosion-resistant containers with a capacity of not less than 2000 ml; The sampling unit is used to quantitatively extract pure water and / or water samples from the corrosion-resistant container and then send them to the filtration unit, and includes a peristaltic pump and a peristaltic pump tube; the peristaltic pump quantitatively extracts pure water and / or water samples and then sends them to the filtration unit through the peristaltic pump tube; The filtration unit includes a parallel filtration unit and a graded filtration unit; the parallel filtration unit is used to filter the total particulate matter AP in the water sample, and includes at least two filter cups, a filtration bottle and a first vacuum pump; each filter cup has an inlet open to the peristaltic pump tube and a filter membrane inside the outlet; the filtration bottle is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet, a liquid inlet and a liquid discharge port; the air inlet is provided with an air inlet valve, the air outlet is connected to the first vacuum pump via a pipeline, and the liquid inlet is connected to the outlet of the filter cup via a pipeline; the graded filtration unit is used for filtering the total particulate matter AP in the water sample, and includes at least two filter cups, a filtration bottle and a first vacuum pump; the inlet of each filter cup is open to the peristaltic pump tube and a filter membrane is provided inside the outlet; the filtration bottle is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet, a liquid inlet and a liquid discharge port; the air inlet is provided with an air inlet valve, the air outlet is connected to the first vacuum pump via a pipeline, and the liquid inlet is connected to the outlet of the filter cup via a pipeline; the graded filtration unit is used for filtering the total particulate matter AP in the water sample, and includes at least two filter cups, a filtration bottle and a first vacuum pump; the graded filtration unit is used for filtering the total particulate matter AP in the water sample, and ... The invention is used for repeatedly filtering yellow substance CDOM in water samples and filtering and classifying chlorophyll a, comprising at least two filters connected in series and a second vacuum pump; each of the filters is composed of a sample chamber and a filtrate chamber connected in a detachable manner, and a filter membrane is arranged between the sample chamber and the filtrate chamber; the sample chamber is provided with a sample inlet, and the filtrate chamber is provided with a filtrate discharge port and an air suction port; the second vacuum pump is respectively connected to the air suction port of the filtrate chamber of each filter through a pipeline, and at the same time, the filtrate discharge port and the sample inlet are connected in series in sequence through a pipeline between the at least two filters; The automatic control unit controls the peristaltic pump of the sampling unit and the first vacuum pump and the second vacuum pump of the filtration unit, and includes a single-chip microcomputer; the single-chip microcomputer is connected to a drive chip and a relay, the drive chip is electrically connected to the peristaltic pump, and the relay is electrically connected to the first vacuum pump and the second vacuum pump.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The sample storage unit comprises 3-5 corrosion-resistant containers with a capacity of 3000-5000 ml.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that A universal tube is arranged beside each peristaltic pump tube in the sample dividing unit.

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that Each universal tube is provided with a universal damping joint.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The end of the peristaltic pump tube is provided with a pressure nozzle.

6. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that The sample separation unit is provided with a waste liquid storage container for receiving the waste liquid from the universal tube; the waste liquid storage container is provided with a waste liquid inlet and a waste outlet.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that Drain valves are arranged outside the liquid discharge port of the filter bottle of the linked filter unit and outside the waste discharge port of the waste liquid storage container.

8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The linked filtration unit comprises four filter cups.

9. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The air inlet valve of the air inlet of the suction filter bottle is a pneumatic valve; the drain valves outside the liquid discharge port of the suction filter bottle and outside the waste discharge port of the waste liquid storage container are both electromagnetic water valves; the relay of the automatic control unit is electrically connected to the pneumatic valve and the electromagnetic water valve.

10. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The automatic control unit has an external input keyboard, and the input keyboard is provided with 9-16 function keys, which respectively correspond to the reset and restart, the start and stop of each peristaltic pump, the start and stop of each vacuum pump, the start and stop of each electromagnetic water valve, the start and stop of each pneumatic valve, different sampling volumes, and the emergency stop control function.

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