Self-propelled pinellia ternate fritillary bulb harvester with two-stage root-soil separation function

Abstract

The utility model discloses a self-propelled pinellia ternate fritillaria harvester with two-stage root-soil separation, which comprises a self-propelled walking mechanism, the front end of the self-propelled walking mechanism is provided with an excavating and transporting mechanism, the rear end of the self-propelled walking mechanism is provided with a self-discharging type material collecting mechanism, and a vibrating type screening mechanism and a cab are arranged above the self-propelled walking mechanism; a drum screen is arranged above the self-propelled walking mechanism between the vibration type screening mechanism and the self-discharging type material collecting mechanism, the feeding end of the vibration type screening mechanism is communicated with the discharging end of the excavating and transporting mechanism, and the discharging end of the vibration type screening mechanism is communicated with the feeding end of the drum screen. And the discharging end of the drum screen is communicated with a material collecting box in the self-discharging type material collecting mechanism through a discharging groove. Pinellia ternate fritillaria transported by the excavating and transporting mechanism can be subjected to two-stage screening through the vibrating type screening mechanism and the drum screen, soil and stone impurities adhering to the Pinellia ternate fritillaria are removed, the Pinellia ternate fritillaria enters the self-discharging type material collecting mechanism to be self-discharged after being removed, and the harvester is suitable for operation in hilly and mountainous areas and high in harvesting efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of pinellia and fritillaria harvesting equipment, in particular to a self-propelled pinellia and fritillaria harvester with two-stage root-soil separation. Background Art

[0002] Pinellia and Fritillaria are shallow rhizome Chinese medicinal materials with strong medicinal value and high economic benefits. In recent years, due to the large demand in the domestic and foreign markets, the planting area has expanded rapidly under the stimulation of market demand. They are widely planted in the north and south of my country. Planting Pinellia or Fritillaria has become an important means for farmers to increase their economic benefits.

[0003] There are relatively few existing machines for harvesting mature Pinellia and Fritillaria, and the following problems exist when using them: (1) Most harvesting machines are tethered machines, which are not suitable for operations in hilly and mountainous areas; (2) Existing Pinellia and Fritillaria harvesters use a vibrating screen to sieve the Pinellia and Fritillaria to the ground, which are then picked up manually. This method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also has high harvesting costs and low efficiency.

[0004] To solve the above problems, Chinese patent application with application number 202322109519.0 discloses a self-propelled Pinellia and Fritillaria harvester, which realizes the self-propelled movement of the whole machine through a self-propelled walking mechanism, and can vibrate and screen the materials transported by the excavation and transportation mechanism through a vibrating screening mechanism to remove the soil and stone impurities adhering to the materials. After removal, the materials enter the self-unloading aggregation mechanism and are collected by the self-unloading aggregation mechanism. When the materials are full, the self-unloading aggregation mechanism unloads the materials by itself. Although the above-mentioned harvester meets the needs of harvesting Pinellia and Fritillaria, there are still the following problems when using it: (1) When relying solely on the vibrating screen for screening, Pinellia and Fritillaria are prone to clogging the screen holes, and the residence time of Pinellia and Fritillaria on the vibrating screen is short, resulting in poor root-soil separation effect; (2) The depth of the digging shovel is uncertain, and Pinellia and Fritillaria have a high water content and the epidermis is easily damaged. Shallow digging will damage the surface of the medicinal material, and deep digging will cause a large load on the machine, which is not only difficult to operate, but also affects the quality of the medicinal material and reduces economic benefits; (3) When the feeding chain plate assembly runs to the top of the digging and transporting mechanism, the gap between adjacent bars will increase at the corner of the transmission chain, and may even be larger than the maximum diameter of the Pinellia and Fritillaria, causing the Pinellia and Fritillaria to fall and get stuck in the harvester and cannot be transported. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model provides a self-propelled Pinellia and Fritillaria harvester with two-stage root-soil separation, aiming to solve the problems of high Pinellia and Fritillaria harvesting cost and low efficiency, and the existing harvesters being easily damaged during the root-soil separation process, thereby affecting the quality of the medicinal materials.

[0006] To achieve its purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The self-propelled Pinellia tuber and Fritillaria thunbergii harvester with two-stage root-soil separation comprises a self-propelled walking mechanism, wherein the front end of the self-propelled walking mechanism is provided with an excavation and transport mechanism, the rear end is provided with a self-unloading aggregate mechanism, and the upper part is provided with a vibrating screening mechanism and a cab.

[0008] A drum screen is provided above the self-propelled traveling mechanism between the vibrating screening mechanism and the self-unloading collecting mechanism, the feeding end of the vibrating screening mechanism is communicated with the discharging end of the excavating and moving mechanism, the discharging end of the vibrating screening mechanism is communicated with the feeding end of the drum screen, and the discharging end of the drum screen is communicated with the collecting box in the self-unloading collecting mechanism through a discharging trough;

[0009] A bevel gear steering mechanism is provided at the feed end of the drum screen. The power source of the self-propelled walking mechanism transmits power to the excavation and transportation mechanism through the second transmission mechanism, and transmits power to the vibrating screening mechanism and the bevel gear steering mechanism respectively through the first transmission mechanism. The bevel gear steering mechanism then transmits power to the drum screen through the third transmission mechanism.

[0010] Furthermore, a limiting mechanism is provided at the front end of the excavation and transport mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the limiting mechanism includes connecting rods symmetrically arranged above the front end of the excavation and transportation mechanism, a rotating shaft is hinged between the free ends of the connecting rods, and a depth-limiting roller is sleeved on the rotating shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the depth limiting roller is height-adjustable, and the bottom surface of the depth limiting roller is 120-180 mm higher than the top surface of the digging shovel at the front end of the digging and transporting mechanism.

[0013] Furthermore, the excavation and transport mechanism includes two mutually parallel first side plates and a second side plate, and a loading chain plate is provided between the first side plate and the second side plate; the loading chain plate includes a plurality of equidistant and parallel bars, and connecting plates are bent at both ends of the bars, and the bars are fixed to the first side plate and the second side plate through the connecting plates; a baffle is vertically provided on the top of either side of the bars, and a plurality of through holes are provided on the baffle and the bars, and reinforcing ribs are provided at the bending parts of the bars and the connecting plates.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner wall of the drum screen is provided with material guiding spiral blades along the circumferential direction, the discharge end of the drum screen is provided with a medicine lifting ring, and the feed end of the drum screen is 2-4 cm higher than the discharge end.

[0015] Furthermore, the medicine lifting ring is formed by splicing a plurality of symmetrically arranged baffles, and the inner diameter of the medicine lifting ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the drum screen.

[0016] Furthermore, the vibrating screening mechanism includes a vibrating screen fixing frame horizontally mounted on the self-propelled walking mechanism, the lower part of the vibrating screen fixing frame is connected to the vibrating screen frame through a plurality of connecting rockers, horizontal horizontal axes are penetrated on both sides of the vibrating screen frame, and a vibrating screen is provided at the bottom of the vibrating screen frame; one end of the transmission chain of the vibrating screening mechanism is connected with the output shaft of the reducer of the self-propelled walking mechanism, and the other end is connected with the vibrating screen driving shaft through a driving sprocket, an eccentric connecting plate is connected to the vibrating screen driving shaft, an eccentric rocker is eccentrically mounted on the eccentric connecting plate, and the free end of the eccentric rocker is connected to the horizontal axis on the vibrating screen frame; the vibrating screen fixing frame is also provided with a bridge shaft colinear with the vibrating screen driving shaft; the feeding end of the vibrating screen is 5-7cm lower than the discharging end.

[0017] Furthermore, the power source of the self-propelled walking mechanism includes an engine, which is respectively connected to a gearbox and a reducer through a transmission belt, and the output end of the reducer transmits power to the vibrating screen drive shaft through a sprocket chain; the vibrating screen drive shaft and the bridge shaft are connected to a bridge gear set, and the bridge gear set includes a first bridge gear and a second bridge gear that are meshed with each other.

[0018] Furthermore, the first transmission mechanism, the second transmission mechanism and the third transmission mechanism are all sprocket chain structures. The power of the first transmission mechanism is transmitted to the third transmission mechanism after being redirected by the bevel gear steering mechanism, and the third transmission mechanism then drives the driving shaft of the drum screen to rotate; the first bridge gear is coaxially connected to the output sprocket of the first transmission mechanism on the vibrating screen driving shaft, and the second bridge gear is coaxially connected to the output sprocket of the second transmission mechanism on the bridge shaft.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0020] 1. The Pinellia tuber and Fritillaria harvester provided by the utility model realizes the self-propelled movement of the whole machine through the self-propelled walking mechanism, realizes the automation of the excavation and transportation of Pinellia tuber and Fritillaria through the excavation and transportation mechanism at the front end of the self-propelled walking mechanism, can vibrate and rotate the Pinellia tuber and Fritillaria transported by the excavation and transportation mechanism through the vibrating screening mechanism and the drum screen, remove the soil and stone impurities adhering to the Pinellia tuber and Fritillaria, and after removal, the Pinellia tuber and Fritillaria enter the self-unloading aggregate mechanism and are collected in the aggregate box. When the collected material is full, the self-unloading aggregate mechanism performs self-unloading and discharges the material. The whole machine is suitable for operation in hilly and mountainous areas, and the collected Pinellia tuber and Fritillaria directly enter the aggregate box, which saves time and effort, and has high harvesting efficiency. In addition, the two-stage root-soil separation is performed through the vibrating screening mechanism and the drum screen, which enhances the root-soil separation effect.

[0021] 2. A limiting mechanism is provided at the front end of the excavation and transport mechanism of the utility model. The depth limiting roller of the limiting mechanism is height-adjustable, and the bottom of the depth limiting roller is 120-180mm higher than the excavation shovel at the front end of the excavation and transport mechanism, ensuring that the limiting mechanism is at an appropriate excavation depth and remains stable, avoiding the excavation effect affected by the uncertain depth of the excavation shovel, ensuring the integrity of the Pinellia and Fritillaria, improving the quality of medicinal materials, increasing economic benefits, and reducing the load on the machine.

[0022] 3. The vibrating screen of the utility model is set low in front and high in the back, in order to increase the residence time of the Pinellia tuber and Fritillaria tuber on the vibrating screen frame and enhance the vibrating screening effect, and the drum screen is set high in front and low in the back, in order to perform rotary screening, so that the Pinellia tuber and Fritillaria tuber can smoothly pass through the drum screen and flow into the collection box of the self-unloading collection mechanism. Through two-stage screening, the root-soil separation efficiency is improved, and the Pinellia tuber and Fritillaria tuber can smoothly enter the collection box for collection, which is highly practical.

[0023] 4. The feeding chain plate of the utility model includes a plurality of equidistant and parallel bars, with connecting plates bent at both ends of the bars, and the bars are fixed to the first side plate and the second side plate through the connecting plates. The bars are designed to be sunken, so that the gaps between adjacent bars are fixed, and the gaps between adjacent bars are no longer enlarged at the corners when being transmitted to the top of the excavation and transport mechanism due to the transmission chain, ensuring that the Pinellia and Fritillaria do not fall and become blocked. A baffle is vertically welded to the top of either side of the bar, and a plurality of through holes are provided on the baffle and the bar, which are used to screen out loose soil and stone impurities during the transmission process, and reinforcing ribs are welded at the bends of the bars and the connecting plates, which strengthens the strength of the bars and prolongs their service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Pinellia and Fritillaria harvester of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The main view;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a front view of the excavation and transport mechanism of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a front view of the vibrating screening mechanism of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A top view of

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the drum screen structure of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The main view;

[0032] Fig. 9 A three-dimensional diagram of the grid bars of the utility model;

[0033] Fig.10 This is a front view of the grid bar of the utility model;

[0034] Fig.11 for Fig.10 A top view of

[0035] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the aggregate box of the utility model;

[0036] In the figure: 1-first transmission mechanism; 2-second transmission mechanism; 3-third transmission mechanism; 4-drum screen; 5-cone gear steering mechanism; 6-self-unloading material collection mechanism; 7-digging and transporting mechanism; 8-self-propelled walking mechanism; 9-discharging chute; 10-driver's cab; 11-vibrating screening mechanism; 12-limiting mechanism; 13-connecting rod; 14-depth limiting roller; 15-digging shovel; 16-first side plate; 17-second side plate; 18-feeding chain plate; 19-grid bar; 20-connecting Plate; 21-reinforcement rib; 22-baffle; 23-through hole; 24-material guiding spiral blade; 25-lifting ring; 26-engine; 27-soil crushing drum drive shaft; 28-vibrating screen drive shaft; 29-bridge gear set; 30-vibrating screen fixing frame; 31-connecting rocker; 32-vibrating screen frame; 33-soil crushing and feeding roller; 34-spiral dragon; 35-eccentric connecting plate; 36-eccentric rocker; 37-aggregate box; 38-bridge shaft; 39-gearbox; 40-reducer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0038] like Figure 1-12 As shown, the utility model is a self-propelled Pinellia and Fritillaria harvester with two-stage root-soil separation, including a self-propelled walking mechanism 8, a digging and transporting mechanism 7 is provided at the front end of the self-propelled walking mechanism 8, a self-unloading aggregate mechanism 6 is provided at the rear end, and a vibrating screening mechanism 11 and a cab 10 are provided on the top.

[0039] The specific structures of the self-unloading collecting mechanism 6, the self-propelled walking mechanism 8 and the excavation and transportation mechanism 7 described in the utility model refer to the authorized utility model patent (application number: 202322109519.0, patent name: Self-propelled Pinellia and Fritillaria harvester). The front end of the excavation and transportation mechanism 7 is provided with a soil crushing and material removal roller 33, and the rear end is provided with a spiral dragon 34.

[0040] The vibrating screening mechanism 11 includes a vibrating screen fixing frame 30 horizontally mounted on the self-propelled walking mechanism 8, the lower part of the vibrating screen fixing frame 30 is connected to a vibrating screen frame 32 through a plurality of connecting rockers 31, horizontal transverse axes are penetrated on both sides of the vibrating screen frame 32, and a vibrating screen mesh is provided at the bottom of the vibrating screen frame 32; one end of the transmission chain of the vibrating screening mechanism 11 is cooperatively connected to the output shaft of the reducer 40 of the self-propelled walking mechanism 8, and the other end is cooperatively connected to the vibrating screen drive shaft 28 through a driving sprocket, an eccentric connecting plate 35 is connected to the vibrating screen drive shaft 28, an eccentric rocker 36 is eccentrically mounted on the eccentric connecting plate 35, and the free end of the eccentric rocker 36 is connected to the transverse axis on the vibrating screen frame 32.

[0041] A drum screen 4 is provided above the self-propelled walking mechanism 8 between the vibrating screening mechanism 11 and the self-unloading aggregate mechanism 6, the feed end of the vibrating screening mechanism 11 is communicated with the discharge end of the excavation and transportation mechanism 7, the discharge end of the vibrating screening mechanism 11 is communicated with the feed end of the drum screen 4, the discharge end of the drum screen 4 is connected with the aggregate box 37 in the self-unloading aggregate mechanism 6 through the discharge trough 9; the vibrating screen fixing frame 30 is also provided with a bridge shaft 38 which is colinear with the vibrating screen drive shaft 28, the feed end of the vibrating screen is 5 cm lower than the discharge end, the purpose is to increase the residence time of the pinellia and Fritillaria on the vibrating screening mechanism 11 and enhance the vibration screening effect, and the feed end of the drum screen 4 is 2 cm higher than the discharge end, the purpose is to perform rotary screening, so that the pinellia and Fritillaria can smoothly pass through the drum screen 4 and flow into the aggregate box 37 in the self-unloading aggregate mechanism 6. The inner wall of the drum screen 4 is provided with a material guiding spiral blade 24 along the circumferential direction, and the discharge end of the drum screen 4 is connected with a medicine lifting ring 25 , which is formed by splicing a plurality of symmetrically arranged baffles, and the inner diameter of the medicine lifting ring 25 is smaller than the inner diameter of the drum screen 4 .

[0042] The power source of the self-propelled walking mechanism 8 includes an engine 26, which is respectively connected to a gearbox 39 and a reducer 40 through a transmission belt, and the output end of the reducer 40 transmits power to the vibrating screen drive shaft 28 through a sprocket chain; the vibrating screen drive shaft 28 and the bridge shaft 38 are connected to a bridge gear set 29, and the bridge gear set 29 includes a first bridge gear and a second bridge gear that are meshed with each other.

[0043] The feed end of the drum screen 4 is provided with a bevel gear steering mechanism 5. The power source of the self-propelled walking mechanism 8 transmits power to the excavation and transportation mechanism 7 through the second transmission mechanism 2, and transmits power to the vibrating screening mechanism 11 and the bevel gear steering mechanism 5 through the first transmission mechanism 1. The bevel gear steering mechanism 5 then transmits power to the drum screen 4 through the third transmission mechanism 3. Specifically, the first transmission mechanism 1, the second transmission mechanism 2 and the third transmission mechanism 3 are all sprocket chain structures. The power of the first transmission mechanism 1 is transmitted to the third transmission mechanism 3 after being turned by the bevel gear steering mechanism 5, and the third transmission mechanism 3 then drives the driving shaft of the drum screen 4 to rotate. The first bridge gear is coaxially connected to the output sprocket of the first transmission mechanism 1 on the vibrating screen drive shaft 28, and the second bridge gear is coaxially connected to the output sprocket of the second transmission mechanism 2 on the bridge shaft 38.

[0044] The front end of the excavation and transport mechanism 7 is provided with a limiting mechanism 12, which includes a connecting rod 13 symmetrically arranged above the front end of the excavation and transport mechanism 7, a rotating shaft is hinged between the free ends of the connecting rod 13, and a depth limiting roller 14 is sleeved on the rotating shaft. By adjusting the hinge angle of the connecting rod 13, the bottom surface of the depth limiting roller 14 is 120mm higher than the top surface of the excavation shovel 15 at the front end of the excavation and transport mechanism 7. The position of the depth limiting roller 14 is fixed during excavation. When the excavation shovel 15 is lowered into the soil, the depth limiting roller 14 will no longer penetrate into the soil after contacting the surface, which can ensure the stability of the excavation depth, avoid the problem of shallow excavation causing damage to the medicine, and deep excavation causing a large load on the machine.

[0045] The excavation and transport mechanism 7 includes two mutually parallel first side plates 16 and second side plates 17, a feeding chain plate 18 is provided between the first side plate 16 and the second side plate 17, the feeding chain plate 18 includes a plurality of equidistant and parallel bars 19, connecting plates 20 are bent at both ends of the bars 19, and the bars 19 are fixed to the first side plates 16 and the second side plates 17 through the connecting plates 20; a baffle 22 is vertically welded to the top of either side of the bars 19, a plurality of through holes 23 are provided on the baffle 22 and the bars 19, and reinforcing ribs 21 are welded at the bends of the bars 19 and the connecting plates 20.

[0046] When in use, the operator enters the cab 10 and starts the engine 26. The engine 26 is connected to the gearbox 39 and the reducer 40 through a transmission belt. The gearbox 39 is connected to the track drive shaft to drive the equipment to move automatically. The output end of the reducer 40 is connected to the vibrating screen drive shaft 28 through a sprocket chain to drive the vibrating screening mechanism 11 to work. The vibrating screening mechanism 11 drives the bridge shaft 38 to rotate in the opposite direction through its bridge gear set. The bridge shaft 38 drives the feeding chain plate 18 of the excavation and transportation mechanism 7 to work through the sprocket chain. The driving shaft of the feeding chain plate 18 drives the soil crushing roller drive shaft 27 and the gear set on the excavation and transportation mechanism 7 to work through the sprocket chain. After the gear set on the excavation and transportation mechanism 7 changes direction, it drives the soil crushing and material digging roller 33 to rotate.

[0047] When the equipment enters the working area, the hydraulic control components in the operating cab 10 are operated to make the corresponding hydraulic rod move, and the digging shovel 15 is lowered into the soil to dig out the Pinellia and Fritillaria. The deep roller 14 during the digging ensures the stability of the digging depth to avoid the problem of shallow digging hurting the medicine and deep digging causing heavy load on the equipment. The excavated Pinellia and Fritillaria with soil will enter the top of the digging shovel 15 due to inertia, and then the soil-breaking and material-digging roller 33 will continuously hit the Pinellia and Fritillaria with soil, breaking the soil blocks attached to the Pinellia and Fritillaria, while pushing the Pinellia and Fritillaria into the feeding chain plate 18, and the feeding chain plate 18 will transport the Pinellia and Fritillaria backwards into the bottom shell at the bottom of the spiral dragon 34, and then the spiral dragon 34 will send it to the screen of the vibrating screening mechanism 11 for screening.

[0048] At the same time, the engine 26 transmits power to the first transmission mechanism 1, and transmits the power to the vibrating screening mechanism 11 and the bevel gear steering mechanism 5 respectively through the first transmission mechanism 1, and the bevel gear steering mechanism 5 then transmits the power to the drum screen 4 through the third transmission mechanism 3.

[0049] Since the eccentric connecting plate 35 is connected to the vibrating screen drive shaft 28, and the eccentric rocker 36 is eccentrically installed on the eccentric connecting plate 35, the eccentric rocker 36 drives the vibrating screening mechanism 11 to do reciprocating shaking when the eccentric rocker 36 shakes back and forth, the soil residue falls out of the screen of the vibrating screening mechanism 11, and the Pinellia tuber and Fritillaria enter the drum screen 4, thereby realizing the first level of root-soil separation. Since the driven wheel of the third transmission mechanism 3 is connected to the driving shaft of the drum screen 4, the drum screen 4 is driven to rotate, the soil residue falls out of the screen of the drum screen 4, and the clean Pinellia tuber and Fritillaria enter the collection box of the self-unloading collection mechanism 6, thereby realizing the second level of root-soil separation. In particular, the vibrating screening mechanism 11 is set low in the front and high in the back, in order to increase the residence time of the pinellia tuber and Fritillaria tuber on the vibrating screening mechanism 11 and enhance the screening effect; the drum screen 4 is set high in the front and low in the back, in order to allow the pinellia tuber and Fritillaria tuber to be smoothly screened through the drum screen 4. After the pinellia tuber and Fritillaria tuber flow to the tail of the drum screen 4, the medicine lifting ring 25 rotates with the drum screen 4 to collect the pinellia tuber and Fritillaria tuber at the discharge end of the drum screen 4 to prevent them from falling. When the pinellia tuber and Fritillaria tuber rotate with the drum screen 4 to the position above the discharge end, the pinellia tuber and Fritillaria tuber fall into the discharge trough 9 by their own weight, and then slide into the collection box 37 in the self-unloading collection mechanism 6. When the collection box 37 is full of material, the hydraulic control component is operated to make the corresponding hydraulic rod move, lift the collection box 37, pour the pinellia tuber and Fritillaria tuber out of the collection box 37, and complete the unloading.

Claims

1. A self-propelled Pinellia tuber and Fritillaria thunbergii harvester with two-stage root-soil separation, comprising a self-propelled walking mechanism (8), wherein the front end of the self-propelled walking mechanism (8) is provided with an excavation and transport mechanism (7), the rear end is provided with a self-unloading material collecting mechanism (6), and the upper part is provided with a vibrating screening mechanism (11) and a cab (10), characterized in that: A drum screen (4) is provided above the self-propelled walking mechanism (8) between the vibrating screening mechanism (11) and the self-unloading material collecting mechanism (6); the feeding end of the vibrating screening mechanism (11) is connected to the discharging end of the excavating and transporting mechanism (7); the discharging end of the vibrating screening mechanism (11) is connected to the feeding end of the drum screen (4); and the discharging end of the drum screen (4) is connected to the material collecting box (37) in the self-unloading material collecting mechanism (6) via a discharging trough (9); The feed end of the drum screen (4) is provided with a bevel gear steering mechanism (5); the power source of the self-propelled walking mechanism (8) transmits power to the excavation and transport mechanism (7) through the second transmission mechanism (2); the power is transmitted to the vibrating screening mechanism (11) and the bevel gear steering mechanism (5) through the first transmission mechanism (1); and the bevel gear steering mechanism (5) transmits power to the drum screen (4) through the third transmission mechanism (3).

2. The self-propelled Pinellia and Fritillaria harvester with two-stage root-soil separation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting mechanism (12) is provided at the front end of the excavation and transport mechanism (7).

3. The self-propelled Pinellia and Fritillaria harvester with two-stage root-soil separation as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (12) comprises a connecting rod (13) symmetrically arranged above the front end of the excavation and transport mechanism (7), a rotating shaft is hinged between the free ends of the connecting rod (13), and a depth limiting roller (14) is sleeved on the rotating shaft.

4. The self-propelled Pinellia and Fritillaria harvester with two-stage root-soil separation as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The depth limiting roller (14) is height-adjustable, and the bottom surface of the depth limiting roller (14) is 120-180 mm higher than the top surface of the digging shovel (15) at the front end of the digging and transporting mechanism (7).

5. The self-propelled Pinellia and Fritillaria harvester with two-stage root-soil separation as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The excavation and transport mechanism (7) comprises a first side plate (16) and a second side plate (17) which are parallel to each other, and a feeding chain plate (18) is provided between the first side plate (16) and the second side plate (17); the feeding chain plate (18) comprises a plurality of equidistant and parallel grid bars (19), and connecting plates (20) are bent at both ends of the grid bars (19), and the grid bars (19) are fixed to the first side plate (16) and the second side plate (17) through the connecting plates (20); a baffle plate (22) is vertically provided at the top of either side of the grid bars (19), and a plurality of through holes (23) are provided on the baffle plate (22) and the grid bars (19), and reinforcing ribs (21) are provided at the bends of the grid bars (19) and the connecting plates (20).

6. The self-propelled Pinellia and Fritillaria harvester with two-stage root-soil separation as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the drum screen (4) is provided with a material guiding spiral blade (24) along the circumferential direction, the discharge end of the drum screen (4) is provided with a medicine lifting ring (25), and the feed end of the drum screen (4) is 2-4 cm higher than the discharge end.

7. The self-propelled Pinellia and Fritillaria harvester with two-stage root-soil separation as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The medicine lifting ring (25) is formed by splicing a plurality of symmetrically arranged baffles, and the inner diameter of the medicine lifting ring (25) is smaller than the inner diameter of the drum screen (4).

8. The self-propelled Pinellia and Fritillaria harvester with two-stage root-soil separation according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The vibrating screening mechanism (11) comprises a vibrating screen fixing frame (30) mounted horizontally on a self-propelled walking mechanism (8); the lower portion of the vibrating screen fixing frame (30) is connected to a vibrating screen frame (32) via a plurality of connecting rockers (31); horizontal transverse axes are provided on both sides of the vibrating screen frame (32); and a vibrating screen mesh is provided at the bottom of the vibrating screen frame (32); one end of a transmission chain of the vibrating screening mechanism (11) is connected to a reducer (40) of the self-propelled walking mechanism (8) to transmit the vibration to the vibrating screen frame (32); The outlet shaft is matched and connected, and the other end is matched and connected with the vibrating screen drive shaft (28); the vibrating screen drive shaft (28) is connected with an eccentric connecting plate (35); an eccentric rocker (36) is eccentrically mounted on the eccentric connecting plate (35); the free end of the eccentric rocker (36) is connected with the transverse axis on the vibrating screen frame (32); the vibrating screen fixing frame (30) is also provided with a bridge shaft (38) colinear with the vibrating screen drive shaft (28); the vibrating screen feed end is 5-7 cm lower than the discharge end.

9. The self-propelled Pinellia and Fritillaria harvester with two-stage root-soil separation as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The power source of the self-propelled walking mechanism (8) comprises an engine (26), the engine (26) being connected to a gearbox (39) and a reducer (40) respectively via a transmission belt, the output end of the reducer (40) transmitting power to a vibrating screen drive shaft (28) via a sprocket chain; a bridge gear set (29) is connected to the vibrating screen drive shaft (28) and the bridge shaft (38), the bridge gear set (29) comprising a first bridge gear and a second bridge gear meshing with each other.

10. The self-propelled Pinellia and Fritillaria harvester with two-stage root-soil separation as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The first transmission mechanism (1), the second transmission mechanism (2) and the third transmission mechanism (3) are all sprocket chain structures. The power of the first transmission mechanism (1) is transferred to the third transmission mechanism (3) after being diverted by a bevel gear diverting mechanism (5). The third transmission mechanism (3) then drives the driving shaft of the drum screen (4) to rotate. The first bridge gear is coaxially connected to the output sprocket of the first transmission mechanism (1) on the vibrating screen driving shaft (28), and the second bridge gear is coaxially connected to the output sprocket of the second transmission mechanism (2) on the bridge shaft (38).

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