Multi-stage mixing screw extrusion device
By designing a multi-stage screw extrusion device, using the combination of multi-stage screw and transfer channels, the problems of high energy consumption and insufficient mixing uniformity in the prior art are solved, and a more efficient and uniform material mixing and extrusion effect is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421563113.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-03
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-15
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-03
AI Technical Summary
The existing screw extrusion devices have high energy consumption during material transportation, insufficient mixing uniformity, and poor extrusion quality.
A multi-stage mixing screw extrusion device is designed, including a plurality of screws connected in sequence along the feed direction, with transfer channels between each screw, and a gradient setting of the threaded blade, combining temperature control components and pressing parts to realize multi-stage shear and mixing of materials.
It improves the mixing and extrusion effect of materials, reduces conveying resistance, improves the smoothness of extrusion operations, reduces energy consumption, and extends service life.
Smart Images
Figure CN222756031U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of screw extrusion, in particular to a multi-stage mixing screw extrusion device. Background Art
[0002] In the processing industry of polymer materials such as plastics and rubber, screw extruder is a kind of equipment widely used in material mixing, plasticizing and extrusion molding. The processed and extruded products can be widely used in different fields.
[0003] Traditional screw extruders usually use a single screw in conjunction with an extrusion container to achieve processing. The motor drives the screw to rotate, and the rotating screw forms a forward-driving spiral extrusion force, which can achieve mixed extrusion of materials. In order to overcome the resistance of materials during the transportation process, existing screw extruders usually need to consume a lot of energy, have high extrusion energy consumption, and a single screw mixed extrusion uniformity is insufficient, resulting in poor extrusion quality. Utility Model Content
[0004] The utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the utility model provides a multi-stage mixing screw extruder, which has smooth extrusion action, low extrusion energy consumption and good uniformity of mixed extrusion.
[0005] A multi-stage mixing screw extruder according to an embodiment of the utility model comprises an extrusion barrel, a driving mechanism, a screw assembly and a temperature control assembly, wherein the screw assembly is arranged in the extrusion barrel, the driving mechanism is arranged outside the extrusion barrel, the screw assembly is connected to the driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is used to drive the screw assembly to rotate, the temperature control assembly is arranged outside the extrusion barrel, the temperature control assembly is used to adjust the temperature of the material in the extrusion barrel, and a plurality of dialing and pressing parts are arranged in the extrusion barrel;
[0006] The screw assembly includes a first screw, a second screw and a third screw connected in sequence along a feeding direction, the end of the first screw away from the second screw is connected to a driving mechanism, the first screw is provided with a plurality of helically wound first thread leaves, the second screw is provided with a plurality of helically wound second thread leaves, a first transfer channel is provided between the first thread leaves and the second thread leaves, the third screw is provided with a plurality of helically wound third thread leaves, a second transfer channel is provided between the second thread leaves and the third thread leaves, the pitch of the second thread leaves and the pitch of the third thread leaves are both smaller than the pitch of the first thread leaves, the pressing piece is located on one side of the rotation path of the third thread leaves, and the third thread leaves are opposite to the pressing piece, so that the pressing piece cooperates with the third thread leaves to extrude and mix the materials.
[0007] In this embodiment, a first material feeding gap is formed between two adjacent first thread leaves, a second material feeding gap is formed between two adjacent second thread leaves, and a third material feeding gap is formed between two adjacent third thread leaves.
[0008] In this embodiment, a feeding hopper is connected to the extrusion cylinder, and the bottom outlet of the feeding hopper is directly facing the first screw.
[0009] In this embodiment, the temperature control component includes a preheater and a heater. The preheater is arranged on the side of the extrusion barrel away from the second screw, and the preheater is used to preheat the extrusion barrel in the area where the second screw is located. The heater is arranged on the side of the extrusion barrel away from the third screw, and the heater is used to heat the extrusion barrel in the area where the third screw is located.
[0010] In this embodiment, the screw assembly also includes a fourth screw, which is connected to an end of the third screw away from the second screw. The fourth screw is provided with a plurality of spirally wound fourth thread leaves, and a third transfer channel is provided between the fourth thread leaves and the third thread leaves.
[0011] In this embodiment, the temperature control component further includes a cooler, which is disposed on a side of the extrusion barrel away from the fourth screw, and is used to cool the extrusion barrel in the area where the fourth screw is located.
[0012] In this embodiment, the pitch of the fourth thread lobe is greater than the pitch of the third thread lobe.
[0013] In this embodiment, a fourth material feeding gap is formed between two adjacent fourth threaded leaves.
[0014] The embodiments of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects:
[0015] By setting a multi-stage screw assembly and setting a transfer channel between screws of different stages, the material can be sheared and mixed by different screw blades in the process of advancing along the conveying direction, which can effectively improve the mixed extrusion effect of the material. In particular, under the cooperation between the third thread leaf and the pressing piece, the material in this area can be extruded and mixed with higher strength and more precision, so that materials with many components or large viscosity differences can also be mixed and extruded uniformly and reliably, with good mixing reaction effect, which can effectively ensure the extrusion density, thereby effectively improving the performance of the product obtained by mixed extrusion. In addition, by gradiently setting the pitch of the second thread leaf and the third thread leaf to be smaller than the pitch of the first thread leaf, the gradually dense thread leaves can effectively reduce the conveying resistance, thereby improving the smoothness of the mixed extrusion action of the material in the extruder, which can effectively reduce energy consumption and extend the service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:
[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a multi-stage mixing screw extruder according to an embodiment of the utility model;
[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a multi-stage mixing screw extruder according to an embodiment of the utility model;
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the multi-stage mixing screw extruder of an embodiment of the utility model from another perspective.
[0020] Reference numerals:
[0021] Extrusion cylinder 100, pressing member 110, and feeding hopper 120;
[0022] Driving mechanism 200;
[0023] Screw assembly 300, first screw 310, first thread leaf 311, first feed gap 312, second screw 320, second thread leaf 321, second feed gap 322, third screw 330, third thread leaf 331, third feed gap 332, fourth screw 340, fourth thread leaf 341, fourth feed gap 342, first transfer channel 350, second transfer channel 360, third transfer channel 370;
[0024] Temperature control assembly 400 , preheater 410 , heater 420 , cooler 430 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.
[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientation, such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.
[0027] In the description of the utility model, if there is a description of first and second, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.
[0028] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.
[0029] The screw extruder is a device widely used in material mixing, plasticizing, and extrusion molding, and is usually used in the processing industry of polymer materials such as plastics and rubber. In the related art, the screw extruder usually uses a single screw in conjunction with an extrusion container to achieve processing. The motor drives the screw to rotate, and the rotating screw forms a forward-driving spiral extrusion force, which can achieve mixed extrusion of the material. In order to overcome the resistance of the material during the transportation process, the existing screw extruder usually consumes a lot of energy, has high extrusion energy consumption, and the single screw mixed extrusion uniformity is insufficient, and the extrusion quality is poor.
[0030] The following is the attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 3 , describing the multi-stage mixing screw extruder device of the embodiment of the utility model, which has smooth extrusion action, low extrusion energy consumption and good uniformity of mixed extrusion.
[0031] Reference Figures 1 to 3 A multi-stage mixing screw extruder of an embodiment of the utility model comprises an extrusion barrel 100, a driving mechanism 200, a screw assembly 300 and a temperature control assembly 400, wherein the screw assembly 300 is arranged in the extrusion barrel 100, and the screw assembly 300 is used to transport and extrude the material in the extrusion barrel 100 along the conveying direction, the driving mechanism 200 is arranged outside the extrusion barrel 100, the screw assembly 300 is connected to the driving mechanism 200, the driving mechanism 200 is used to drive the screw assembly 300 to rotate, the temperature control assembly 400 is arranged outside the extrusion barrel 100, and the temperature control assembly 400 is used to adjust the temperature of the material in the extrusion barrel 100 so that the material can achieve corresponding mixing reaction and molding, and a plurality of pressing pieces 110 are arranged in the extrusion barrel 100, and the pressing pieces 110 can be set to be cylindrical;
[0032] The screw assembly 300 includes a first screw 310, a second screw 320 and a third screw 330 connected in sequence along a feeding direction, that is, when the screw assembly 300 is in a rotating transmission working state, the material reaches the first screw 310, the second screw 320 and the third screw 330 in sequence, the first screw 310, the second screw 320 and the third screw 330 are coaxially arranged, the feeding direction is the direction in which the material in the extruder 100 advances, the end of the first screw 310 away from the second screw 320 is connected to the driving mechanism 200, and the driving mechanism 200 can synchronously drive the first screw 310, the second screw 320 and the third screw 330 to rotate, the first screw 310 is provided with a plurality of first thread leaves 311 spirally wound around the first screw 310, the second screw 320 is provided with a plurality of second thread leaves 321 spirally wound around the second screw 320, a first transfer channel 350 for material to pass through is provided between the first thread leaf 311 and the second thread leaf 321, and the third screw 330 is provided with a plurality of second thread leaves 321 spirally wound around the second screw 320, and a first transfer channel 350 for material to pass through is provided between the first thread leaf 311 and the second thread leaf 321. A plurality of third threaded leaves 331 are spirally wound around the third screw 330, and a second transfer channel 360 for material to pass through is provided between the second threaded leaves 321 and the third threaded leaves 331. The pitch of the second threaded leaves 321 and the pitch of the third threaded leaves 331 are both smaller than the pitch of the first threaded leaves 311. The pitch refers to the distance between two adjacent threads. The material is pre-mixed first by the first threaded leaves 311 with a large pitch, which can not only effectively ensure the reliability of the feeding action, but also provide a good mixing foundation for subsequent mixed extrusion, which can effectively improve the mixed extrusion effect. By setting the second threaded leaves 321 and the third threaded leaves 331 with small pitches, the material is mixed and extruded with high pressure, which can effectively improve the effect of mixed extrusion. The pressing piece 110 is located on one side of the rotation path of the third threaded leaf 331, and the third threaded leaf 331 is adjacent to the pressing piece 110 so that the pressing piece 110 cooperates with the third threaded leaves 331 to extrude and mix the material.
[0033] The working process of the screw extruder of the embodiment of the utility model is as follows: materials are added to the extrusion barrel 100 according to the proportion, and the temperature control component 400 adjusts the temperature of the extrusion barrel 100 so that the materials are mixed and extruded at the corresponding temperature; the driving mechanism 200 drives the screw assembly 300 to rotate, and the first thread leaf 311 pre-mixes the materials in the corresponding area of the extrusion barrel 100, and the materials are continuously stirred and mixed by the first thread leaf 311 in the extrusion barrel 100 and move forward along the feeding direction, so that the pre-mixed materials pass through the first transfer channel 350 and enter the area where the second thread leaf 321 is located; the second thread leaf 321 further stirs the pre-mixed materials. The mixed extrusion can effectively improve the mixing reaction effect of the material by extruding the material at a higher pressure and more frequently. The part of the material is continuously mixed by the second threaded leaf 321 in the extrusion barrel 100 and continues to move forward in the feeding direction, so that the further mixed material passes through the second transfer channel 360 and enters the area where the third threaded leaf 331 is located; the third threaded leaf 331 realizes a mixed extrusion with a higher extrusion force and a finer density for the further mixed material. The material is mixed and extruded at a high pressure and a high density between the third threaded leaf 331 and the pressing member 110, which can significantly improve the mixing reaction effect, thereby effectively improving the performance of the final extruded product.
[0034] By setting a multi-stage screw assembly 300 and setting transfer channels between screws of different stages, the material can be sheared and mixed by different screw blades in the process of advancing along the conveying direction, which can effectively improve the mixing and extrusion effect of the material. In particular, under the cooperation between the third thread leaf 331 and the pressing piece 110, the material in this area can be extruded and mixed with higher strength and more precision, so that materials with many components or large viscosity differences can also be mixed and extruded uniformly and reliably, with good mixing reaction effect, which can effectively ensure the extrusion density, thereby effectively improving the performance of the product obtained by mixed extrusion. In addition, by gradiently setting the pitch of the second thread leaf 321 and the third thread leaf 331 to be smaller than the pitch of the first thread leaf 311, the gradually dense thread leaves can effectively reduce the conveying resistance, thereby improving the smoothness of the mixing and extrusion action of the material in the extrusion barrel 100, which can effectively reduce energy consumption and extend the service life.
[0035] It can be understood that the driving mechanism 200 includes a motor, and the screw assembly 300 is connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the motor can drive the first screw 310, the second screw 320 and the third screw 330 to rotate.
[0036] Specifically, the driving mechanism 200 further includes a worm wheel and a worm, the worm wheel is connected to one end of the first screw 310 away from the second screw 320, the worm is connected to the output shaft of the motor, the worm wheel and the worm are kneaded and connected, the motor drives the worm to rotate, and then drives the worm wheel and the first screw 310 to rotate, and the second screw 320 and the third screw 330 rotate following the first screw 310. The worm wheel and worm structure can effectively improve the load capacity of the driving mechanism 200.
[0037] It can be understood that a first feed notch 312 is formed between two adjacent first thread leaves 311. By setting each first thread leaf 311 to form a discontinuous thread structure, the first feed notch 312 can realize the transfer of material between two adjacent first thread leaves 311, which can effectively avoid material accumulation and affect mixed extrusion, and can effectively ensure the mixed extrusion effect. A second feed notch 322 is formed between two adjacent second thread leaves 321. By setting each second thread leaf 321 to form a discontinuous thread structure, the second feed notch 322 can realize the transfer of material between two adjacent second thread leaves 321, which can effectively avoid material accumulation and affect mixed extrusion, and can effectively ensure the mixed extrusion effect. A third feed notch 332 is formed between two adjacent third thread leaves 331. By setting each third thread leaf 331 to form a discontinuous thread structure, the third feed notch 332 can realize the transfer of material between two adjacent third thread leaves 331, which can effectively avoid material accumulation and affect mixed extrusion, and can effectively ensure the mixed extrusion effect. The mixed extrusion action of the overall structure is continuous and reliable, which enables the material to move forward smoothly and achieves good mixed extrusion effect.
[0038] It is understandable that the extruder 100 is connected to a hopper 120 , the bottom outlet of the hopper 120 faces the first screw 310 , and the first thread leaf 311 rotates with the first screw 310 to convey the material along the feeding direction to the area where the second thread leaf 321 is located.
[0039] The extrusion barrel 100 is provided with a feeding port and a discharging port which are arranged in sequence along the feeding direction. The feeding port is located at the side of the extrusion barrel 100 corresponding to the starting area of the feeding direction, and the discharging port is located at the end of the extrusion barrel 100 corresponding to the end area of the feeding direction. The bottom inlet of the feeding hopper 120 is arranged at the feeding port to realize the connection between the feeding hopper 120 and the extrusion barrel 100.
[0040] It can be understood that the temperature control assembly 400 includes a preheater 410 and a heater 420. The preheater 410 is arranged on the side of the extrusion barrel 100 away from the second screw 320. The preheater 410 is used to preheat the material in the extrusion barrel 100 in the area where the second screw 320 is located. The heater 420 is arranged on the side of the extrusion barrel 100 away from the third screw 330. The heater 420 is used to heat the material in the extrusion barrel 100 in the area where the third screw 330 is located. When the material moves along the conveying direction in the extrusion barrel 100, it is preheated by the preheater 410 and heated by the heater 420 in sequence. The second thread leaf 321 performs a preliminary reaction on the preheated material, which can provide a good foundation for the subsequent further mixing reaction; the third thread leaf 331 cooperates with the pressing member 110 to perform high-intensity extrusion mixing on the heated material, which can effectively improve the effect of the mixing reaction and the performance of the mixed extrusion product.
[0041] Specifically, the preheater 410 and the heater 420 are both electric heating films. The temperature of the preheater 410 and the heater 420 is controlled by a control device so that the heating temperature of the heater 420 is greater than the preheating temperature of the preheater 410, thereby achieving a preheating and heating effect with a high degree of controllability, which can effectively improve the extrusion production quality of the product.
[0042] It can be understood that the screw assembly 300 also includes a fourth screw 340, which is connected to one end of the third screw 330 away from the second screw 320. The fourth screw 340 is provided with a plurality of fourth threaded leaves 341 spirally wound around the fourth screw 340. A third transfer channel 370 for material to pass through is provided between the fourth threaded leaves 341 and the third threaded leaves 331. The third transfer channel 370 is used for transferring material from the third threaded leaves 331 to the area where the fourth threaded leaves 341 are located. The fourth threaded leaves 341 rotate with the fourth screw 340 to achieve further extrusion action on the material from the third screw 330.
[0043] It can be understood that the temperature control component 400 also includes a cooler 430, which is arranged on the side of the extrusion barrel 100 away from the fourth screw 340. The cooler 430 is used to cool the material in the extrusion barrel 100 in the area where the fourth screw 340 is located. The material cooled by the cooler 430 is pre-formed and output along the conveying direction by the fourth thread leaf 341. The material passing through the fourth thread leaf 341 and the cooler 430 can be output to the outside of the extrusion barrel 100 in a semi-formed state, which can provide a reliable molding basis for the subsequent final molding, and can effectively ensure the quality of the final extruded product. The pre-cooling setting before the final extrusion can ensure the extrusion density and the good performance consistency of each area of the extruded product.
[0044] Specifically, the cooler 430 may be a fan with an air outlet facing the extruder barrel 100 , which can cool down the material under the condition of effectively controlling the cooling temperature difference, thereby effectively ensuring the extrusion effect of the material.
[0045] It can be understood that the pitch of the fourth thread leaf 341 is greater than the pitch of the third thread leaf 331. By increasing the pitch of the fourth thread leaf 341, the fluidity of the material is reduced after pre-cooling by the cooler 430. The fourth thread leaf 341 with a large pitch setting can still achieve reliable conveying and extrusion action for the pre-cooled material, which can effectively improve the reliability of the overall mixing and extrusion action.
[0046] It can be understood that a fourth material feeding gap 342 is formed between two adjacent fourth thread leaves 341. By setting each fourth thread leaf 341 to form a discontinuous thread structure, the fourth material feeding gap 342 can realize the transfer of material between two adjacent fourth thread leaves 341, which can effectively avoid material accumulation and affect mixed extrusion, and can effectively ensure the mixed extrusion effect.
[0047] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A multi-stage mixing screw extruder, characterized in that: The invention comprises an extrusion barrel (100), a driving mechanism (200), a screw assembly (300) and a temperature control assembly (400), wherein the screw assembly (300) is arranged inside the extrusion barrel (100), the driving mechanism (200) is arranged outside the extrusion barrel (100), the screw assembly (300) is connected to the driving mechanism (200), the driving mechanism (200) is used to drive the screw assembly (300) to rotate, the temperature control assembly (400) is arranged outside the extrusion barrel (100), the temperature control assembly (400) is used to adjust the temperature of the material in the extrusion barrel (100), and a plurality of pressing members (110) are arranged inside the extrusion barrel (100); The screw assembly (300) comprises a first screw (310), a second screw (320) and a third screw (330) which are sequentially connected along a feeding direction, wherein one end of the first screw (310) away from the second screw (320) is connected to the driving mechanism (200), the first screw (310) is provided with a plurality of helically wound first thread leaves (311), the second screw (320) is provided with a plurality of helically wound second thread leaves (321), a first transfer channel (350) is provided between the first thread leaves (311) and the second thread leaves (321), and the third screw (330) is provided with a first transfer channel (350) between the first thread leaves (311) and the second thread leaves (321). 0) is provided with a plurality of spirally wound third thread leaves (331), a second transfer channel (360) is provided between the second thread leaves (321) and the third thread leaves (331), the pitch of the second thread leaves (321) and the pitch of the third thread leaves (331) are both smaller than the pitch of the first thread leaves (311), the pressing member (110) is located on one side of the rotation path of the third thread leaves (331), and the third thread leaves (331) are opposite to the pressing member (110), so that the pressing member (110) cooperates with the third thread leaves (331) to extrude and mix the materials.
2. A multi-stage mixing screw extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first material feeding gap (312) is formed between two adjacent first thread leaves (311), a second material feeding gap (322) is formed between two adjacent second thread leaves (321), and a third material feeding gap (332) is formed between two adjacent third thread leaves (331).
3. A multi-stage mixing screw extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion barrel (100) is connected to a feeding hopper (120), and a bottom outlet of the feeding hopper (120) faces the first screw (310).
4. A multi-stage mixing screw extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control component (400) comprises a preheater (410) and a heater (420). The preheater (410) is arranged on a side of the extrusion barrel (100) away from the second screw (320), and the preheater (410) is used to preheat the extrusion barrel (100) in the area where the second screw (320) is located. The heater (420) is arranged on a side of the extrusion barrel (100) away from the third screw (330), and the heater (420) is used to heat the extrusion barrel (100) in the area where the third screw (330) is located.
5. A multi-stage mixing screw extruder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The screw assembly (300) further comprises a fourth screw (340), wherein the fourth screw (340) is connected to an end of the third screw (330) away from the second screw (320), and the fourth screw (340) is provided with a plurality of helically wound fourth thread leaves (341), and a third transfer channel (370) is provided between the fourth thread leaves (341) and the third thread leaves (331).
6. A multi-stage mixing screw extruder according to claim 5, characterized in that: The temperature control component (400) further comprises a cooler (430), wherein the cooler (430) is arranged on a side of the extrusion barrel (100) away from the fourth screw (340), and the cooler (430) is used to cool the extrusion barrel (100) in the area where the fourth screw (340) is located.
7. A multi-stage mixing screw extruder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pitch of the fourth thread lobe (341) is greater than the pitch of the third thread lobe (331).
8. A multi-stage mixing screw extruder according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: A fourth material feeding gap (342) is formed between two adjacent fourth threaded leaves (341).