Plastic hinge structure for fabricated building

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of buildings, and discloses a plastic hinge structure for a fabricated building, the plastic hinge structure is provided with a lower ball seat, an upper ball seat and a ball body, the upper ball seat is arranged in a cavity formed by the lower ball seat and the ball body, and the upper ball seat can rotate in all directions in a small range on a plane and can rotate in multiple postures such as front, back, left, right and the like. The wide opening has a limiting effect, limits the deflection angle, is suitable for a column structure of a building, and improves the anti-seismic property of a concrete frame structure by utilizing a plastic hinge active control technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of construction, in particular to a plastic hinge structure used for assembled buildings. Background Art

[0002] Prefabricated buildings have become an important direction for achieving green buildings and industrialization due to their short construction period and low environmental impact. However, the integrity of prefabricated concrete frame structures is poor and their seismic performance is low. Whether prefabricated concrete frame structures can be applied in high-intensity areas remains to be discussed. Many prefabricated buildings adopt plastic hinge structures. Plastic hinges refer to the fact that when the bending moment at several sections of the structure reaches the plastic limit moment under load, the section rotates to a certain extent, similar to the effect of hinges, causing the structure to redistribute internal forces. Under the action of earthquakes, steel structures often form plastic hinges at the beam-column nodes to dissipate most of the energy input into the structure, and the protective columns and nodes are basically in the linear elastic working range, so that the structure can achieve the goal of not being damaged by small earthquakes, being repairable by medium earthquakes, and not collapsing by large earthquakes. This requires the structure to have a feasible energy dissipation mechanism, including establishing an ideal order of appearance of plastic hinges, and giving appropriate strength to each component to ensure that the plastic hinges of the structure only appear at selected locations.

[0003] The plastic hinges in the prior art are mostly structures of pins and ears, which can only move up and down in the vertical plane, and are mostly used between beams or between columns, and are rarely used on columns. If this plastic hinge is directly used on the column, the effect is poor. Therefore, it is urgent to provide a plastic hinge structure for prefabricated buildings. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a plastic hinge structure for prefabricated buildings to solve the technical problem that the existing plastic hinge can only move in the up and down directions of the vertical plane, and directly used on the column leads to poor effect.

[0005] The utility model is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the utility model provides a plastic hinge structure for a prefabricated building, comprising a plastic hinge mechanism;

[0007] The plastic hinge mechanism comprises an upper mounting plate frame, a lower mounting plate frame, a plurality of damper mild steel plates, a lower ball seat, an upper ball seat and a ball;

[0008] The top surface of the lower ball seat is provided with a lower half groove, the bottom surface of the upper ball seat is provided with an upper half groove, the upper ball seat cover is provided on the lower ball seat, wherein the upper half groove and the lower half groove are opposite to form a spherical groove; the ball is assembled in the spherical groove;

[0009] The top surface of the upper ball seat is provided with a wide opening, wherein the wide opening is communicated with the upper half groove;

[0010] The upper mounting plate frame is arranged on the top surface of the upper ball seat, the ball is fixed to the bottom surface of the upper mounting plate frame through the wide opening, and the top surface of the upper mounting plate frame is provided with a first connecting member connected to the column structure;

[0011] The top surface of the lower mounting plate frame is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the lower ball seat, and the bottom surface of the lower mounting plate frame is provided with a second connecting member connected to the column structure;

[0012] A plurality of damper mild steel plates are arranged between the upper mounting plate frame and the lower mounting plate frame.

[0013] Preferably, a connecting portion is provided on the sphere, and the connecting portion is fixed to the bottom surface of the upper mounting plate frame through the wide opening.

[0014] Furthermore, the opening direction of the wide opening is gradually expanded from the inside to the outside, wherein the top opening diameter of the wide opening is larger than the bottom opening diameter, and the bottom opening diameter is larger than the diameter of the connecting portion.

[0015] Furthermore, an energy dissipation pad is provided on the inner wall of the wide opening, and the energy dissipation pad is formed by splicing two groups of symmetrical structures, and the material of the energy dissipation pad is shock-absorbing rubber.

[0016] Furthermore, a protective component is coated between the connecting portion and the top surface of the upper ball seat, and the outer wall of the protective component is wavy and in a compressed state.

[0017] Preferably, lubricating strips are provided on the inner walls of the lower half groove and the upper half groove, and the lubricating strips are in an annular structure and are respectively annularly embedded in the inner cavity walls of the lower half groove and the upper half groove.

[0018] Preferably, the first connecting member comprises a plurality of upper plate frame longitudinal bars and anchoring steel bars, wherein the plurality of upper plate frame longitudinal bars are rectangular and vertically disposed on the top surface of the upper mounting plate frame, and the anchoring steel bars are mounted on the top surface of the mounting plate frame;

[0019] The second connection structure includes a plurality of lower plate frame longitudinal bars and anchor steel bars. The plurality of lower plate frame longitudinal bars are rectangular and vertically arranged on the bottom surface of the lower mounting plate frame, and their positions correspond to the positions of the upper plate frame longitudinal bars installed on the upper mounting plate frame. The anchor steel bars are installed on the bottom surface of the lower mounting plate frame.

[0020] Preferably, the damper soft steel plate is located at the edge corners of the upper mounting plate frame and the lower mounting plate frame, and is installed at the edge corners on the inner side of the upper mounting plate frame and the lower mounting plate frame by connecting bolts. The damper soft steel plate includes two soft steel plate side plates, and the long sides of the two soft steel plate side plates are perpendicular to each other to form a vertical plate body. Mounting plates are provided at both ends of the vertical plate body, and mounting holes are opened on the mounting plates for assembly on the upper mounting plate frame and the lower mounting plate frame by passing connecting bolts through the mounting holes.

[0021] In a second aspect, the utility model provides a prefabricated building for assembling the plastic hinge structure, comprising a concrete column structure and a base, wherein the plastic hinge structure is arranged between the concrete column structure and the base.

[0022] Preferably, the concrete column structure comprises column concrete and column reinforcement arranged in the column concrete;

[0023] The base comprises base concrete, bottom steel mesh and base reinforcement, wherein the bottom steel mesh and the base reinforcement are arranged in the base concrete;

[0024] The bottom end of the plastic hinge structure is connected to the base reinforcement, and the top end is connected to the column reinforcement.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0026] The utility model provides a plastic hinge structure for assembled buildings. The plastic hinge structure is designed with a lower ball seat, an upper ball seat and a sphere. The upper ball seat is in a chamber formed by the lower ball seat and the sphere. The upper ball seat can rotate in a small range in all directions on a plane and can rotate in multiple postures such as front, back, left and right. The wide opening has a limiting function and limits the deflection angle. The utility model is suitable for the column structure of the building. The plastic hinge active control technology is used to improve the seismic performance of the concrete frame structure.

[0027] Furthermore, a connecting portion is provided on the sphere, and the connecting portion is fixed to the bottom surface of the upper mounting plate frame through the wide opening, thereby improving the stability of the assembly between the sphere and the upper mounting plate frame.

[0028] Furthermore, the opening direction of the wide opening is gradually expanded from the inside to the outside, wherein the top opening diameter of the wide opening is larger than the bottom opening diameter, and the bottom opening diameter is larger than the diameter of the connecting part, which effectively limits the connecting part of the sphere, making it convenient for the sphere to flexibly rotate in the wide opening and realize multi-posture rotation.

[0029] Furthermore, an energy dissipation pad is provided on the inner wall of the wide opening. The energy dissipation pad is formed by splicing two groups of symmetrical structures. The material of the energy dissipation pad is shock-absorbing rubber. The energy dissipation pad enables the sphere to perform shock absorption during rotation, and the seismic resistance is improved.

[0030] Furthermore, a protective component is coated between the connecting portion and the top surface of the upper ball seat. The outer wall of the protective component is wavy and in a compressed state, which plays a protective role for the ball during rotation.

[0031] Furthermore, lubricating strips are provided on the inner walls of the lower and upper grooves. The lubricating strips are in annular structures and are respectively embedded in the inner cavity walls of the lower and upper grooves in an annular shape, thereby ensuring that the ball can rotate flexibly in the spherical groove.

[0032] Furthermore, the damper soft steel plate is located at the edge corners of the upper mounting plate frame and the lower mounting plate frame, and is installed at the edge corners of the inner sides of the upper mounting plate frame and the lower mounting plate frame by connecting bolts. The damper soft steel plate includes two soft steel plate side plates, and the long sides of the two soft steel plate side plates are perpendicular to each other to form a vertical plate body. Mounting plates are provided at both ends of the vertical plate body. Mounting holes are opened on the mounting plates for assembly on the upper mounting plate frame and the lower mounting plate frame by passing connecting bolts through the mounting holes. The damper soft steel plate is provided at each of the four corners, which is adapted to the range of circular rotation. No matter in which direction the plate deflects, it can perform shock absorption and energy dissipation.

[0033] The utility model also provides a prefabricated building, which is easy to assemble through the plastic hinge structure. There are also upper mounting plates and lower mounting plates at both ends of the plastic hinge structure, and anchoring steel bars are arranged outside the upper mounting plates and the lower mounting plates. The connection with the column structure is stable, the operation is convenient, and the construction speed is guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of the utility model used for prefabricated buildings;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the plastic hinge mechanism in the utility model;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the plastic hinge mechanism in the utility model;

[0037] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the decomposition of

[0038] Figure 5 for Figure 3 The enlarged schematic diagram at A in the middle;

[0039] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional cross-sectional schematic diagram of the lower ball seat, the upper ball seat and the ball in the utility model;

[0040] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the upper mounting plate frame in the utility model.

[0041] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the damper mild steel plate in the utility model.

[0042] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the energy dissipation pad in the utility model.

[0043] In the figure: 1-base concrete; 2-bottom steel mesh; 3-base reinforcement; 4-plastic hinge mechanism; 5-column concrete; 6-column reinforcement; 71-upper mounting plate frame; 72-lower mounting plate frame; 81-upper plate frame longitudinal reinforcement; 82-lower plate frame longitudinal reinforcement; 9-anchor reinforcement; 10-damper mild steel plate; 101-mild steel plate side plate; 102-mounting plate; 103-mounting hole; 11-lower ball seat; 111-lower half groove; 12-upper ball seat; 121-wide opening; 122-upper half groove; 13-sphere; 131-connecting part; 14-energy dissipation pad; 15-protection component; 16-lubricating strip; 17-connecting bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the utility model, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0045] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the utility model and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the utility model described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0046] The utility model is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0047] The utility model aims to provide a plastic hinge structure for assembled buildings, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing plastic hinge can only be deflected in the vertical direction and the effect is poor when directly used on the column.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 6 In one embodiment of the utility model, a plastic hinge structure for a prefabricated building is provided, comprising a plastic hinge mechanism 4;

[0050] The plastic hinge mechanism 4 includes an upper mounting plate frame 71, a lower mounting plate frame 72, a plurality of damper mild steel plates 10, a lower ball seat 11, an upper ball seat 12 and a ball 13;

[0051] The top surface of the lower ball seat 11 is provided with a lower half groove 111, and the bottom surface of the upper ball seat 12 is provided with an upper half groove 122. The upper ball seat 12 is covered on the lower ball seat 11, wherein the upper half groove 122 and the lower half groove 111 are opposite to form a spherical groove; the ball 13 is assembled in the spherical groove;

[0052] The top surface of the upper ball seat 12 is provided with a wide opening 121, wherein the wide opening 121 is connected to the upper half groove 122;

[0053] The upper mounting plate frame 71 is arranged on the top surface of the upper ball seat 12, the ball 13 is fixed to the bottom surface of the upper mounting plate frame 71 through the wide opening 121, and the top surface of the upper mounting plate frame 71 is provided with a first connecting member connected to the column structure;

[0054] The top surface of the lower mounting plate frame 72 is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the lower ball seat 11, and the bottom surface of the lower mounting plate frame 72 is provided with a second connecting member connected to the column structure;

[0055] A plurality of damper mild steel plates 10 are disposed between the upper mounting plate frame 71 and the lower mounting plate frame 72 .

[0056] In this embodiment, a connecting portion 131 is vertically provided on the top of the sphere 13. The connecting portion 131 and the sphere 13 are not an integral structure. After the sphere 13 is installed, the connecting portion 131 is installed. The connecting portion between the sphere 13 and the connecting portion 131 passes through the wide opening 121. The sphere 13 can rotate and deflect in the ball groove, and can deflect in all directions front, back, left, and right, which meets the vibration conditions of the column structure.

[0057] Specifically, a connecting portion 131 is provided on the sphere 13 , and the connecting portion 131 is fixed to the bottom surface of the upper mounting plate frame 71 through the wide opening 121 .

[0058] The opening direction of the wide opening 121 is gradually expanded from the inside to the outside, wherein the top opening diameter of the wide opening 121 is larger than the bottom opening diameter, and the bottom opening diameter is larger than the diameter of the connecting portion 131 .

[0059] In this embodiment, the sphere 13 can be deflected in the vertical direction through this design, and the cylindrical connecting part of the sphere 13 can be deflected within a certain range until it abuts against the opening of the wide opening 121 and then cannot be deflected.

[0060] An energy dissipation pad 14 is disposed on the inner wall of the wide opening 121 . The energy dissipation pad 14 is formed by splicing two groups of symmetrical structures. The material of the energy dissipation pad 14 is shock-absorbing rubber.

[0061] In this embodiment, the curled long-chain molecular structure and the weak secondary force between molecules of the energy dissipation pad 14 make the rubber material present unique viscoelastic properties, thus having good shock absorption, sound insulation and buffering properties. Rubber parts are widely used to isolate vibrations and absorb shocks because they have the characteristics of hysteresis, damping and reversible large deformation. Fig. 9 The energy dissipation pad 14 is in a bowl shape, transparent from top to bottom, and fits with the inner wall of the wide opening 121. The split design allows for flexible and convenient operation when installed in the wide opening 121, and can be installed after the sphere 13 is installed.

[0062] Specifically, a protective component 15 is coated between the connecting portion 131 and the top surface of the upper ball seat 12 , and the outer wall of the protective component 15 is wavy and in a compressed state.

[0063] In this embodiment, the two ends of the protection component 15 are respectively connected to the bottom surface of the connecting part 131 and the top surface of the upper ball seat 12, so as to shield the cylindrical connecting part of the sphere 13. The protection component 15 can adopt a bellows structure, and the protection effect can be guaranteed when the sphere 13 is deflected, and the protection is comprehensive.

[0064] Specifically, according to Figure 5 As shown, lubricating strips 16 are provided on the inner walls of the lower half groove 111 and the upper half groove 122 . The lubricating strips 16 are in an annular structure and are respectively annularly embedded in the inner cavity walls of the lower half groove 111 and the upper half groove 122 .

[0065] In this embodiment, the lubricating strip 16 is a semi-solid lubricating material, which is arranged in the ball groove to ensure the smoothness of the rotation, deflection, and movement between the ball 13 and the ball groove, avoid jamming, and improve stability.

[0066] Specifically, according to Figure 7 As shown, the first connecting member includes a plurality of upper plate frame longitudinal bars 81 and anchoring steel bars 9, wherein the plurality of upper plate frame longitudinal bars 81 are rectangular and vertically disposed on the top surface of the upper mounting plate frame 71, and the anchoring steel bars 9 are mounted on the top surface of the mounting plate frame 71;

[0067] In this embodiment, the anchoring steel bars 9 can increase the connection effect with the column structure.

[0068] The second connection structure includes a plurality of lower plate frame longitudinal reinforcements 82 and anchoring steel bars 9. The plurality of lower plate frame longitudinal reinforcements 82 are rectangular and vertically arranged on the bottom surface of the lower mounting plate frame 72 , and their positions correspond to the positions of the upper plate frame longitudinal reinforcements 81 installed on the upper mounting plate frame 71 . The anchoring steel bars 9 are installed on the bottom surface of the lower mounting plate frame 72 .

[0069] In this embodiment, the lower plate frame longitudinal reinforcement 82 is the same as the upper plate frame longitudinal reinforcement 81 and is also used to connect the steel bars.

[0070] In this embodiment, the upper plate frame longitudinal reinforcement 81 is provided with 8 pieces. From the distribution effect, three pieces are distributed on each of the four sides of the rectangular structure. The anchoring steel bar 9 is installed on the back of the upper mounting plate frame 71. The anchoring steel bar 9 can strengthen the connection effect between the building components. The connecting components on the side of the lower mounting plate frame 72 are the lower plate frame longitudinal reinforcement 82 and the anchoring steel bar 9. The distribution and connection method are the same as those of the upper plate frame longitudinal reinforcement 81.

[0071] Specifically, the damper mild steel plate 10 is located at the edge corner of the upper mounting plate frame 71 and the lower mounting plate frame 72, and is installed at the edge corner of the inner side of the upper mounting plate frame 71 and the lower mounting plate frame 72 by connecting bolts 17. Figure 8 As shown, the damper mild steel plate 10 includes two mild steel side plates 101, and the long sides of the two mild steel side plates 101 are perpendicular to each other to form a vertical plate body. Mounting plates 102 are provided at both ends of the vertical plate body. Mounting holes 103 are opened on the mounting plates 102 for assembling on the upper mounting plate frame 71 and the lower mounting plate frame 72 by passing connecting bolts 17 through the mounting holes 103.

[0072] In this embodiment, the damper mild steel plate 10 is a structural seismic vibration-proof component that is easy to yield and has high energy consumption, and is made of mild steel or alloy. It mainly utilizes the non-elastic characteristics of the special mild steel plate after yielding to dissipate the energy in the external input structure such as earthquakes. It is a displacement-related energy dissipation and shock-absorbing component, and is mature in use in plastic hinge assembly structures.

[0073] Four damper soft steel plates 10 are provided, and the damper soft steel plates 10 are located at the corners of the upper mounting plate frame 71. It should be noted that this is not a two-row design, but a corner design, which is compatible with the omnidirectional deflection of the sphere 13, and will not affect the normal use of the sphere 13 due to the structure or distribution of the damper soft steel plate 10. The damper soft steel plate 10 is installed on the inner side of the upper mounting plate frame 71 by connecting bolts 17. The damper soft steel plate 10 includes two soft steel plate side plates 101. The two soft steel plate side panels 101 are perpendicular to each other and are an integrated structure. A mounting portion 102 is provided at the bottom end of the soft steel plate side panel 101. A mounting hole 103 is opened on the mounting portion 102. The connecting bolts 17 pass through the reserved holes and the mounting holes 103 on the upper mounting plate frame 71 to connect the damper soft steel plate 10 and the upper mounting plate frame 71. Similarly, the other end of the damper soft steel plate 10 is also connected to the lower mounting plate frame 72 in this way, and the connection is reliable and easy to operate.

[0074] The specific structure of the damper mild steel plate 10 is as follows Figure 8 The damper mild steel plate 10 has a right angle body, which has better energy dissipation and shock absorption effect than the plate-shaped structure. The design of the mounting portion 102 makes the installation more convenient.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] according to Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a prefabricated building for assembling the above-mentioned plastic hinge structure, including a concrete column structure and a base, and the plastic hinge structure is arranged between the concrete column structure and the base. A circular plastic hinge structure is installed at the bottom of the column structure, so that the column structure of the building has a better shock absorption effect and improves safety. In addition, this circular plastic hinge structure can be arranged in the middle of the column structure.

[0077] Specifically, the concrete column structure includes column concrete 5 and column reinforcement 6 arranged in the column concrete 5;

[0078] The base comprises a base concrete 1, a bottom steel mesh 2 and a base rib 3, wherein the bottom steel mesh 2 and the base rib 3 are arranged in the base concrete 1;

[0079] The bottom end of the plastic hinge structure is connected to the base reinforcement 3, and the top end is connected to the column reinforcement 6. The plastic hinge structure makes the connection between the concrete column structure and the base more stable.

[0080] When the utility model is used, the process is as follows:

[0081] S1. Build the base. First, build a template at a set location, then lay the fixed bottom steel mesh 2 in the template, and connect the base ribs 3 with the bottom steel mesh 2.

[0082] S2. Assemble the plastic hinge mechanism 4. First, place the sphere 13 in the lower half groove 111, then cover the upper ball seat 12, use fasteners to connect the upper ball seat 12 to the lower ball seat 11, weld the upper plate frame longitudinal ribs 81 and the lower plate frame longitudinal ribs 82 on the upper mounting plate frame 71 and the lower mounting plate frame 72 respectively, weld the anchor steel bars 9 on the upper plate frame longitudinal ribs 81 and the lower plate frame longitudinal ribs 82, install the upper mounting plate frame 71 on the top surface of the connecting part 131, and then install the connecting part 131 on the raised cylinder with the sphere 13, install the lower mounting plate frame 72 on the bottom surface of the lower ball seat 11, and then install the upper damper soft steel plate 10 between the upper mounting plate frame 71 and the lower mounting plate frame 72.

[0083] S3. Install the circular plastic hinge mechanism 4, connect the lower plate frame longitudinal reinforcement 82 at the bottom of the assembled circular plastic hinge mechanism 4 with the base reinforcement 3, connect the upper plate frame longitudinal reinforcement 81 at the top of the circular plastic hinge mechanism 4 with the fixed column reinforcement 6, and then support the template around the column reinforcement 6.

[0084] S4. Pour concrete into the column structure formwork and base formwork.

[0085] S5. Continue to build other building components required for the building.

[0086] In summary, the utility model provides a plastic hinge structure for prefabricated buildings. The plastic hinge structure is designed with a lower ball seat, an upper ball seat and a sphere. The upper ball seat is in a chamber formed by the lower ball seat and the sphere. The upper ball seat can rotate in a small range in all directions on the plane, and can rotate in multiple postures such as front, back, left and right. The wide opening has a limiting function, which limits the deflection angle. It is suitable for the column structure of the building. The plastic hinge active control technology is used to improve the seismic performance of the concrete frame structure.

[0087] The plastic hinge structure is easy to assemble. There are upper mounting plates and lower mounting plates at both ends of the plastic hinge structure. Anchor steel bars are arranged outside the upper mounting plates and the lower mounting plates. The connection with the column structure is stable and easy to operate, thus ensuring the construction speed.

[0088] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model rather than to limit it. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the utility model can still be modified or replaced by equivalents, and any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the utility model should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A plastic hinge structure for prefabricated buildings, characterized in that: It includes a plastic hinge mechanism (4); The plastic hinge mechanism (4) comprises an upper mounting plate frame (71), a lower mounting plate frame (72), a plurality of damper mild steel plates (10), a lower ball seat (11), an upper ball seat (12) and a ball (13); The top surface of the lower ball seat (11) is provided with a lower half groove (111), the bottom surface of the upper ball seat (12) is provided with an upper half groove (122), the upper ball seat (12) is covered on the lower ball seat (11), wherein the upper half groove (122) and the lower half groove (111) are opposite to form a spherical groove; the ball (13) is assembled in the spherical groove; The top surface of the upper ball seat (12) is provided with a wide opening (121), wherein the wide opening (121) is in communication with the upper half groove (122); The upper mounting plate frame (71) is arranged on the top surface of the upper ball seat (12), the ball (13) is fixed to the bottom surface of the upper mounting plate frame (71) through the wide opening (121), and the top surface of the upper mounting plate frame (71) is provided with a first connecting member connected to the column structure; The top surface of the lower mounting plate frame (72) is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the lower ball seat (11), and the bottom surface of the lower mounting plate frame (72) is provided with a second connecting member connected to the column structure; A plurality of damper mild steel plates (10) are arranged between the upper mounting plate frame (71) and the lower mounting plate frame (72).

2. A plastic hinge structure for prefabricated buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spherical body (13) is provided with a connecting portion (131), and the connecting portion (131) is fixed to the bottom surface of the upper mounting plate frame (71) through the wide opening (121).

3. A plastic hinge structure for prefabricated buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The opening direction of the wide opening (121) is gradually expanded from the inside to the outside, wherein the top opening diameter of the wide opening (121) is larger than the bottom opening diameter, and the bottom opening diameter is larger than the diameter of the connecting portion (131).

4. A plastic hinge structure for prefabricated buildings according to claim 3, characterized in that: An energy dissipation pad (14) is provided on the inner wall of the wide opening (121); the energy dissipation pad (14) is formed by splicing two groups of symmetrical structures; the material of the energy dissipation pad (14) is shock-absorbing rubber.

5. The plastic hinge structure for prefabricated buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that: A protective component (15) is coated between the connecting portion (131) and the top surface of the upper ball seat (12); the outer wall of the protective component (15) is wavy and in a compressed state.

6. The plastic hinge structure for prefabricated buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: Lubricating strips (16) are provided on the inner walls of the lower half groove (111) and the upper half groove (122). The lubricating strips (16) are in annular structures and are respectively embedded in the inner cavity walls of the lower half groove (111) and the upper half groove (122) in an annular shape.

7. The plastic hinge structure for prefabricated buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connecting member comprises a plurality of upper plate frame longitudinal bars (81) and anchoring steel bars (9), wherein the plurality of upper plate frame longitudinal bars (81) are rectangular and vertically disposed on the top surface of the upper mounting plate frame (71), and the anchoring steel bars (9) are mounted on the top surface of the upper mounting plate frame (71); The second connecting member comprises a plurality of lower plate frame longitudinal bars (82) and anchoring steel bars (9); the plurality of lower plate frame longitudinal bars (82) are rectangular and vertically disposed on the bottom surface of the lower mounting plate frame (72), and their positions correspond to the positions of the upper plate frame longitudinal bars (81) mounted on the upper mounting plate frame (71); and the anchoring steel bars (9) are mounted on the bottom surface of the lower mounting plate frame (72).

8. The plastic hinge structure for prefabricated buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damper soft steel plate (10) is located at the edge corners of the upper mounting plate frame (71) and the lower mounting plate frame (72), and is installed at the edge corners of the inner sides of the upper mounting plate frame (71) and the lower mounting plate frame (72) by connecting bolts (17). The damper soft steel plate (10) includes two soft steel plate side plates (101), and the long sides of the two soft steel plate side plates (101) are perpendicular to each other to form a vertical plate body. Mounting plates (102) are arranged at both ends of the vertical plate body. Mounting holes (103) are opened on the mounting plates (102), which are used to be installed on the upper mounting plate frame (71) and the lower mounting plate frame (72) by passing the connecting bolts (17) into the mounting holes (103).

9. A method for prefabricated buildings, characterized in that: Used to assemble the plastic hinge structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising a concrete column structure and a base, wherein the plastic hinge structure is arranged between the concrete column structure and the base.

10. The method for prefabricated building according to claim 9, characterized in that: The concrete column structure comprises column concrete (5) and column reinforcement (6) arranged in the column concrete (5); The base comprises base concrete (1), a bottom steel mesh (2) and base ribs (3), wherein the bottom steel mesh (2) and the base ribs (3) are arranged in the base concrete (1); The bottom end of the plastic hinge structure is connected to the base reinforcement (3), and the top end is connected to the column reinforcement (6).

Images