Tunnel construction joint waterproof structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a waterproof structure for a tunnel construction joint. The waterproof structure for the tunnel construction joint comprises a water stop groove, a water stop strip and a waterproof coating, the water stop groove comprises a groove body, a water stop long wing and a water stop short wing, a drainage channel is formed in the top of the groove body, and the water stop long wing and the water stop short wing are embedded into the pre-pouring side lining and the post-pouring side lining respectively. The water stop strip is pasted and preset on the interface of the concrete construction joint and the post-pouring joint, and the water stop strip and the water stop groove are arranged up and down at an interval; and the waterproof coatings are coated on the surfaces of the pre-cast side lining and the post-cast side lining. According to the tunnel construction joint waterproof structure, the outer side water stop defensive line is formed through the water stop grooves and used for rapid drainage, the middle water stop defensive line is formed through the water stop strips and used for water plugging, the waterproof coating is used for repairing tiny cracks and erosion on the outer surface, and the outer side water stop defensive line, the middle water stop defensive line and the inner side water stop defensive line are formed through the water stop grooves, the water stop strips and the waterproof coating. And the structure is firm, deformation is not prone to occurring, installation is easy and convenient, and construction is rapid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a tunnel construction joint waterproof structure. Background Art

[0002] With the vigorous development of underground transportation in my country, the waterproofing of tunnels has become a weak link in the construction of underground structures. Water leakage in subway tunnels, high-speed rail tunnels, and highway tunnels continues to occur, which has led to the embarrassing situation that "nine out of ten tunnels leak" in underground tunnels at this stage. According to statistics, almost all tunnel diseases are directly or indirectly related to water leakage. During operation, groundwater leaks into the tunnel through channels such as deformation joints, construction joints, and cracks in the concrete lining, causing the communication, power supply, and lighting equipment in the tunnel to rust, rot, deteriorate, and fail in a humid environment. The lining pouring process of the tunnel project is limited by various factors such as construction procedures, pouring capacity, and structural shape and size. Construction joints need to be set in sections. According to highway maintenance data analysis, water leakage in highway tunnels is generally due to the failure of waterproofing measures in weak environments such as joints, resulting in groundwater behind the lining pouring into the tunnel.

[0003] In order to prevent groundwater from entering the tunnel space through the construction joint, single or composite water-stopping measures are often taken at the construction joint joints, including water-swelling waterstop strips, various types of waterstops, grouting pipes, and waterproof coatings, among which the waterstops have the best waterproof effect. Currently, the commonly used waterstops are divided into steel plate waterstops, steel-edged rubber waterstops, and back-stick rubber waterstops. Although various types of waterstops have solved the problem of groundwater leakage at the tunnel construction joints, the effect is not good. The following problems still exist in the construction or actual application of waterstops: (l) The waterstop steel plate is set in the middle of the construction joint. The concrete pouring is affected by the tied steel bars, embedded parts, and pads, resulting in limited fluidity. Therefore, the reserved size and position of the construction joint are often quite different from the design, resulting in deviations in the arrangement of the waterstop steel plate and reduced waterstop effect. (2) The width of the steel-edge rubber waterstop is larger than that of the waterstop steel plate, which increases the water seepage path of the construction joint to a certain extent. However, due to the presence of coarse aggregate and sharp steel bar heads in the concrete, the waterstop is easily punctured or torn during the pouring and vibration process. Once a crack appears in the rubber waterstop, it is very easy to expand. Therefore, it is extremely difficult to control the integrity of the steel-edge rubber waterstop in actual construction. In addition, due to the high flexibility of the rubber material itself, it is difficult to fix the position during construction, and it is very easy to deform during concrete pouring, so the waterproof effect is difficult to guarantee. (3) The back-sticking waterstop needs to be pre-fixed on the outer structure of the underground structure in underground projects. Due to the limitation of the width of the waterstop and the height change of the on-site concrete pouring, the installation is difficult. At the same time, due to the impact of concrete pouring, the back-sticking waterstop is at risk of being damaged by the impact force of the concrete, and the water-stopping effect is difficult to guarantee. Various types of construction joint waterstop structures still have the following shortcomings: (1) The accumulated water behind the lining is only blocked but not drained. Under long-term and huge waterstop pressure, various waterstop structures are prone to failure. (2) Inconvenient installation. Various types of waterstops are usually difficult to install and require high precision. The construction quality of drainage facilities depends on the experience and quality of the construction personnel. In addition, the quality inspection of the waterstop after installation is mostly carried out by inflation inspection and visual observation, and the reliability of the inspection is low. (3) During the pouring of the secondary lining concrete, the installed waterstop is easy to be damaged, and it is easy to deform and dislocate during the pouring and vibration process. (4) At present, the construction of waterstops usually adopts simple laying and hanging platforms and small machines for manual operation. The degree of mechanization is low, and it is easy to conflict with the formwork, resulting in low construction efficiency.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to propose a tunnel construction joint waterproof structure to solve the above defects. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a tunnel construction joint waterproof structure, aiming to solve the problems of poor waterproof performance, easy failure, inconvenient installation, deformation and dislocation, and low construction efficiency in existing construction joint waterproof technologies using water stop strips or water stop belts.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a tunnel construction joint waterproof structure, including a water stop groove, a water stop strip, and a waterproof coating;

[0007] The water stop groove comprises a groove body and a long water stop wing and a short water stop wing fixedly connected to both sides of the groove body. The groove body is located below the waterproof layer of the tunnel and is close to the waterproof layer. A drainage channel is opened on the top of the groove body. The groove body is located between the first cast side lining and the second cast side lining. The long water stop wing and the short water stop wing are respectively buried in the first cast side lining and the second cast side lining.

[0008] The water stop strip is pasted on the interface of the concrete construction joint and the post-casting joint, and is spaced apart from the water stop groove in the upper and lower parts;

[0009] The waterproof coating is applied to the surface of the first-cast side lining and the later-cast side lining.

[0010] Preferably, both the upper and lower surfaces of the long water-stop wing and the short water-stop wing are provided with water-stop edges, and the water-stop edges on the long water-stop wing extend in two directions away from them respectively, and the water-stop edges on the short water-stop wing also extend in two directions away from them respectively.

[0011] Preferably, there are a plurality of water-stopping edges, and the plurality of water-stopping edges are respectively and spaced apart and distributed on the long water-stopping wings and the short water-stopping wings.

[0012] Preferably, a template groove is provided at the bottom of the trough body, and when the first-cast side lining or the second-cast side lining is cast, the end template is inserted into the template groove.

[0013] Preferably, the drainage channel is covered with a water filter strip, and the water filter strip is located between the water stop groove and the waterproof layer.

[0014] Preferably, the short water-stop wing and the long water-stop wing are arranged obliquely.

[0015] Preferably, the angles between the short water-stop wing and the long water-stop wing and the horizontal plane are acute angles.

[0016] Preferably, the water stop strip is an expansion type rubber water stop strip.

[0017] Preferably, the water stop strip is located at half of the first-cast side lining and the later-cast side lining.

[0018] Preferably, the waterproof coating is made of mud-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the tunnel construction joint waterproof structure provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The tunnel construction joint waterproof structure provided by the utility model forms an outer waterstop line for rapid drainage through the waterstop groove, forms a middle waterstop line for blocking water through the waterstop strip, and the waterproof coating is coated on the surface of the lining structure to repair small cracks and erosion on the surface. Therefore, through the set waterstop groove, waterstop strip and waterproof coating, three waterstop lines are formed on the outer, middle and inner sides of the tunnel construction, realizing a waterproof mode of drainage first and blocking later, greatly improving its waterproof level, and having a firm structure, not easy to deform, and easy installation and fast construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the tunnel construction joint waterproof structure provided by the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the water stop groove shown;

[0024] Figure 3 and Figure 4 for Figure 1 The construction structure diagram of the tunnel construction joint waterproofing structure is shown.

[0025] The purpose, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0028] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0029] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present utility model are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present utility model.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The utility model provides a tunnel construction joint waterproof structure, which is used for waterproofing the construction joint 10 between the first-cast side lining 1 and the later-cast side lining 2 of tunnel concrete pouring. The tunnel construction joint waterproof structure includes a water stop groove 3, a water stop strip 5 and a waterproof coating 6. The water stop groove 3 is located below the waterproof layer 4 of the tunnel, the water stop strip 5 is pre-buried on the concrete construction joint interface of the first-cast side lining 1 and the later-cast side lining 2, and the waterproof layer 4 is coated on the outer surface of the first-cast side lining 1 and the later-cast side lining 2. Therefore, three water stop lines are formed between the water stop groove 3, the water stop strip 5 and the waterproof coating 6, namely, the outer side, the middle side and the inner side.

[0031] Specifically, in this embodiment, the water stop groove 3 includes a groove body 31 and a long water stop wing 33 and a short water stop wing 35 fixedly connected to both sides of the groove body 31. The groove body 31 is located below the waterproof layer 4 of the tunnel and is close to the waterproof layer 4 of the tunnel. A drainage channel 30 is opened on the top of the groove body 31. The groove body 31 is located at the concrete construction joint of the first cast side lining 1 and the second cast side lining 2. The long water stop wing 33 and the short water stop wing 35 are respectively embedded in the first cast side lining 1 and the second cast side lining 2. The long water stop wing 33 and the short water stop wing 35 are pre-embedded in the concrete of the first cast side lining 1 and the second cast side lining 2. The water leaking from the tunnel enters the drainage channel 30 and is then discharged through the pipe connected to the drainage channel 30 to realize the water diversion of the water stop groove 3. The water stop groove 3 is an outer water stop line, which is the main line of defense for waterproofing the tunnel lining construction joint. The drainage type water stop groove 3 is quickly installed. The water stop groove 3 fits tightly with the lining, which greatly lengthens the length of the seepage path. At the same time, it has the structural advantage of drainage first and then blocking, and has a good waterproof effect.

[0032] Furthermore, the short water-stop wing 35 and the long water-stop wing 33 are asymmetric structures, and the short water-stop wing 35 and the long water-stop wing 33 are inclined to enhance the connectivity with the lining.

[0033] Optionally, the angles between the short water-stop wing 35 and the long water-stop wing 33 and the horizontal plane are acute angles. It can be understood that a clamping method is formed between the short wing and the long wing to further strengthen the connection with the lining.

[0034] The upper and lower surfaces of the long water-stop wing 33 and the short water-stop wing 35 are both provided with water-stop edges 7, and the water-stop edges 7 on the long water-stop wing 33 extend in two directions away from the long water-stop wing 33, and the water-stop edges 7 on the short water-stop wing 35 also extend in two directions away from the short water-stop wing 35. The water-stop edges 7 protrude outward in multiple directions to further enhance the connection performance with the lining structure.

[0035] It can be understood that in order to better connect with the lining structure, there are multiple water-stopping edges 7, and the multiple water-stopping edges 7 are distributed on the water-stopping long wings 33 and the water-stopping short wings 35 at intervals.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 A template groove 331 is provided at the bottom of the trough body 31 , and when the first-cast side lining 1 or the later-cast side lining 2 is cast, the end template 310 is inserted into the template groove 331 .

[0037] It can be understood that in order to prevent the drainage channel 30 from being blocked, the drainage channel 30 is covered with a water filter strip 8 , and the water filter strip 8 is located between the water stop groove 3 and the waterproof layer 4 .

[0038] Specifically, the water stop strip 5 is directly pasted and pre-set on the interface of the concrete construction joint and the post-casting joint by relying on its own viscosity, and is arranged with an interval between the water stop groove 3 and the upper and lower parts. Further, the water stop strip 5 is located at half of the first-casting side lining 1 and the post-casting side lining 2. The water stop strip 5 is a middle water stop line, which is a secondary water stop line of the tunnel lining construction joint. Specifically, it is a slow-swelling rubber water stop strip 5, which is characterized by being directly pasted and pre-set on the interface of the concrete construction joint and the post-casting joint by relying on its own viscosity. After the second pouring of concrete, it will gradually expand when it encounters water, on the one hand, blocking the possible capillary pores, and on the other hand, making the contact of the concrete interface more closely, thereby generating a larger water resistance pressure and forming an impermeable plastic colloid. Its advantage is that when a small amount of water flows around the outer water stop line and enters the construction joint, the slow-swelling rubber water stop strip 5 can quickly absorb the water flow and produce expansion deformation, filling the irregular surface, cavities and gaps of the joint, greatly preventing leakage.

[0039] The waterproof coating 6 is coated on the surface of the concrete of the first-cast side lining 1 and the later-cast side lining 2. The inner water-stopping line of the waterproof coating 6 is an auxiliary water-stopping line of the tunnel lining construction joint. It is made of cement-based penetrating crystallization waterproof coating. The chemical active agent in the coating penetrates into the concrete to produce crystals that can fill the tunnel lining construction joint and the capillary pores of concrete, effectively improving the waterproof performance of the joint. Its function is to prevent extremely small amounts of rainwater from entering the tunnel through the two outer and middle water-stopping lines. Its advantage is that the cement-based penetrating crystallization waterproof material has high construction efficiency and can repair small cracks on the lining surface. At the same time, it can effectively prevent the exhaust gas generated by long-term driving in the tunnel from eroding the construction joint.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the construction process of the tunnel construction joint waterproof structure is:

[0041] 1. Place one side of the long water-stop wing 33 of the water-stop groove 3 toward the first-cast side lining 1 and close to the surface of the tunnel waterproof layer 4. When tying the steel bars, remove the longitudinal steel bars at 50mm on both sides of the long water-stop wing 33 and the short wing to avoid conflict with the water-stop groove 3. Insert the end template into the template groove 331 of the water-stop groove 3 at a certain interval in the circumferential direction to temporarily fix the water-stop groove 3. It is preferred to set a wooden board at the top of the tunnel to ensure that the cast-in-place concrete around the water-stop wing at the top of the tunnel is more compact.

[0042] 2. Connect the drainage channel 30 and the longitudinal drainage blind pipe, insert one end of the Φ20 corrugated pipe into the drainage channel 30 at the end of the drainage-type quick-install waterstop groove 3 (the end of the drainage-type quick-install waterstop groove 3 should extend to the longitudinal construction joint), fill the drainage channel 30 with sealing material, wrap the end of the corrugated pipe with geotextile during construction to prevent it from being blocked by the sealant, and the other end passes through the waterproof layer 4 and is placed on the longitudinal drainage pipe; the corrugated pipe passes through the waterproof layer 4, and rubber pads are installed inside and outside the waterproof layer 4. The pads are bonded to the waterproof layer 4 with sealant, and a Φ25 hole is opened in the middle of the pad to allow the Φ20 drainage pipe to pass through. Sealant is applied to the gap between the holes to prevent water leakage at this position.

[0043] 3. Insert the end template 310 piece by piece from bottom to top and securely fix it, and the installation of the water stop groove 3 is completed.

[0044] It should be noted in this step that after the water stop groove 3 is installed, there should be no warping, excessive hollowing, etc., so as to avoid excessive distortion and displacement of the water stop belt when pouring concrete. It is strictly forbidden to apply a concrete protective layer on the surface of the water stop groove 3, and it should be ensured that the rack of the water stop groove 3 and the cast-in-place concrete of the structure are tightly engaged; when pouring concrete, the surface of the water stop groove 3 must be cleaned of mud, accumulated debris, etc., so as not to affect the tightness of the engagement between the water stop groove 3 and the cast-in-place concrete.

[0045] 4. Casting of the first cast side lining 1. When casting the lining concrete, care should be taken to avoid excessive vibration of the short water-stopping wings 35 and both sides of the long wings of the water-stopping groove 3.

[0046] 5. Installation of slow-swelling rubber water stop strip 5. After removing the first concrete formwork, clean the surface to make the seam surface dry, clean and free of foreign matter, and then install the slow-swelling rubber water stop strip 5 in the middle of the lining.

[0047] 6. Casting of the post-cast side lining 2. Move the formwork trolley, position, cast the next lining section, and form a complete construction joint.

[0048] 7. Construction of cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating 6. After completing the construction of one section, clean the oil stains and dirt on the lining surface near the construction joint, then rinse with cold water, and apply waterproof coating on the wet base surface, with a coating range of not less than 1m.

[0049] 8. The waterproof structure of the tunnel lining construction joint has been completed.

[0050] The tunnel construction joint waterproof structure provided by the utility model forms an outer water-stopping line for rapid drainage through the water-stopping groove 3, forms a middle water-stopping line for blocking water through the water-stopping strip 5, and the waterproof coating 6 is coated on the surface of the lining structure to repair small cracks and erosion on the surface. Therefore, through the arrangement of the water-stopping groove 3, the water-stopping strip 5 and the waterproof coating 6, three water-stopping lines are formed on the outer, middle and inner sides of the tunnel construction, realizing a waterproof mode of drainage first and blocking later, greatly improving its waterproof grade, having a firm structure, not easy to deform, and being easy to install and fast to construct.

[0051] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel construction joint waterproof structure, characterized in that: Including water stop groove, water stop strip, and waterproof coating; The water stop groove comprises a groove body and a long water stop wing and a short water stop wing fixedly connected to both sides of the groove body. The groove body is located below the waterproof layer of the tunnel and is close to the waterproof layer. A drainage channel is opened on the top of the groove body. The groove body is located at the construction joint of the first cast side lining and the second cast side lining. The long water stop wing and the short water stop wing are respectively buried in the first cast side lining and the second cast side lining. The water stop strip is pre-set on the construction joint interface between the first-cast side lining and the second-cast side lining, and is spaced apart from the water stop groove in the upper and lower parts; The waterproof coating is applied on the surface of the first-cast side lining and the later-cast side lining; The upper and lower surfaces of the long water-stop wing and the short water-stop wing are both provided with water-stop edges, the water-stop edges on the long water-stop wing extend in two directions away from the long water-stop wing, and the water-stop edges on the short water-stop wing also extend in two directions away from the short water-stop wing; There are a plurality of water-stopping edges, and the plurality of water-stopping edges are respectively and spaced apart and distributed on the water-stopping long wing and the water-stopping short wing; The bottom of the trough body is provided with a template groove, and when the first-cast side lining or the second-cast side lining is cast, the end template is inserted into the template groove; The short water-stop wing and the long water-stop wing are arranged obliquely; The drainage channel is covered with a water filter strip, and the water filter strip is located between the water stop groove and the waterproof layer; The short water-stop wing and the long water-stop wing are arranged obliquely; The angles between the short water-stop wing and the long water-stop wing and the horizontal plane are acute angles; The water stop strip is an expansion type rubber water stop strip; The water stop strip is located at half of the first-cast side lining and the second-cast side lining; The waterproof coating is made of mud-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating.

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