Large-span multi-span greenhouse

Abstract

The utility model discloses a large-span multi-span greenhouse which comprises a plurality of supporting units formed by fixedly connecting a plurality of combined beam frames end to end, a plurality of upper longitudinal beams and a plurality of lower longitudinal beams are arranged among the supporting units, and the upper longitudinal beams and the lower longitudinal beams are distributed in a staggered mode. Each combined beam frame comprises two stand columns, a cross beam, a suspension cable and a plurality of main ribs, every two adjacent combined beam frames share the same stand column, the cross beam is erected between the two stand columns, the upper ends and the lower ends of the main ribs are fixedly connected with the upper longitudinal beam and the lower longitudinal beam respectively, the lower longitudinal beam is fixedly arranged on the cross beam, and the suspension cable is arranged on the main ribs. The two ends of each suspension cable are fixedly arranged on the two corresponding stand columns, and greenhouse covering materials are installed on a net frame formed among the main ribs, the upper longitudinal beams and the lower longitudinal beams. The main ribs are made of rigid materials or flexible materials. The utility model not only replaces the conventional glass greenhouse and the conventional multi-span film greenhouse which respectively use a truss structure and an arch structure, but also has the advantages of large span and material conservation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of greenhouses, in particular to a large-span multi-span greenhouse. Background Art

[0002] With the development of society, facility agriculture has a growing market, including plant factories, hydroponic planting, fish-vegetable symbiosis, crop-livestock cycle agriculture, etc. The most important thing about facility agriculture is to build a controllable small environment, in which production can be carried out to get rid of the uncertainty of the natural environment. Therefore, greenhouses are the most important infrastructure in facility agriculture, and a large-space scalable greenhouse that can meet the needs of modern agriculture is needed.

[0003] However, the existing single arch greenhouses cannot be produced in batches and have inherent deficiencies. The multi-span plastic film greenhouses also adopt an arch structure. When the span of a single arch exceeds 8 meters, either a column is added in the middle, which makes the internal mechanical operation inconvenient, or a thicker arch rod material is used, but the cost will rise rapidly. Similarly, the glass greenhouse adopts a truss structure to increase the span of the greenhouse, but the cost is higher than that of the plastic multi-span greenhouse. It cannot be mass-produced and used and can only be used for sightseeing and scientific research. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a low-cost, large-span multi-span greenhouse. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the utility model proposes a low-cost large-span multi-span greenhouse.

[0005] The utility model discloses a large-span multi-span greenhouse, comprising a plurality of composite beam frames, wherein the plurality of composite beam frames are fixedly connected end to end to form a support unit, a plurality of upper longitudinal beams and lower longitudinal beams are arranged between the plurality of support units, and the plurality of upper longitudinal beams and the plurality of lower longitudinal beams are staggeredly distributed;

[0006] The composite beam frame includes columns, cross beams, cables and several main ribs. The number of columns is two, and the two adjacent composite beam frames share the same column. The cross beam is set between the two columns. The upper and lower ends of the main ribs are respectively fixed to the upper longitudinal beam and the lower longitudinal beam. The lower longitudinal beam is fixed on the cross beam. The two ends of the cable are fixed on the corresponding two columns. The greenhouse covering material is installed on the grid formed between the main ribs, the upper longitudinal beam and the lower longitudinal beam.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the lower longitudinal beam is in the shape of a drainage trough, and the corresponding pillar passes through the lower longitudinal beam.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the column passes through the crossbeam, and slide grooves are provided on the inner and outer end surfaces of the crossbeam, and a rail pulley is externally connected between two corresponding slide grooves.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the utility model, a plurality of secondary ribs are simultaneously arranged between adjacent upper longitudinal beams and lower longitudinal beams, and the upper end and the lower end of the secondary ribs are respectively fixedly connected to the upper longitudinal beam and the lower longitudinal beam.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the main ribs and / or the secondary ribs are made of a flexible material that is tensioned or a rigid material.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the utility model, a plurality of tensioning rods are arranged between the suspension cable and the upper longitudinal beam, connecting bolts are arranged at both ends of the tensioning rod, one end of the tensioning rod is connected to a suspension cable buckle via a connecting bolt, the suspension cable buckle is sleeved with the suspension cable, and the other end of the tensioning rod is connected to the upper longitudinal beam via a connecting bolt.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the crossbeam is provided with a plurality of ground anchor cables, and a ground anchor is provided at one end of the ground anchor cable.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the crossbeam is provided with a plurality of water tanks.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the crossbeam is provided with a sunshade and heat-insulating curtain retracting and releasing device inside the shed.

[0015] The utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The design uses a composite beam frame structure of cables, columns, ribs and beams as the load-bearing structure in the direction of large spans, replacing the existing glass greenhouses and multi-span film greenhouses that use truss structures and arch structures respectively, with the advantages of large spans and low construction costs;

[0017] 2. This design has the effect of building a greenhouse with a larger span using less materials. The space inside the greenhouse can adapt to large-scale mechanized operations, improve land utilization, and greatly reduce the materials used in the greenhouse, which is conducive to large-scale promotion and can be widely used in agricultural planting and breeding fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the combined beam frame in the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3It is a structural schematic diagram of the support unit in the utility model.

[0021] In the figure: 1. combined beam frame; 11. column; 12. cross beam; 13. suspension cable; 14. main rib; 2. support unit; 3. tension rod; 4. secondary rib; 5. ground anchor cable; 6. ground anchor; 7. upper longitudinal beam; 8. lower longitudinal beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the descriptions involving orientation, such as the orientation or positional relationship indicated as up, down, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present utility model, "a plurality" means more than two. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0026] See also Figure 1-3The utility model provides a technical solution: a large-span multi-span greenhouse, comprising a plurality of composite beam frames 1, wherein the plurality of composite beam frames 1 are fixedly connected end to end to form a support unit 2, wherein a plurality of upper longitudinal beams 7 and lower longitudinal beams 8 are installed between the plurality of support units 2, and the plurality of upper longitudinal beams 7 and lower longitudinal beams 8 are staggered and distributed, and the composite beam frame 1 comprises a column 11, a cross beam 12, a suspension cable 13 and a plurality of main ribs 14, wherein the column 11 is installed in two, and the adjacent two composite beam frames 1 share the same column 11, and the cross beam 12 is installed between the two Between the columns 11, the upper and lower ends of the main ribs 14 are fixedly connected to the upper longitudinal beam 7 and the lower longitudinal beam 8 respectively, the two ends of the lower longitudinal beam 8 are fixedly connected to the cross beam 12, and the two ends of the suspension cable 13 are fixedly arranged on the corresponding two columns 11. Plastic film, solar panels, glass and other greenhouse covering materials are installed on the grid formed between the main ribs 14, the upper longitudinal beam 7 and the lower longitudinal beam 8; for the convenience of adjustment, the main ribs 14 can be made of flexible materials tensioned and fixed, but for the convenience of installation, the main ribs 14 can also be made of rigid materials.

[0027] A circle of columns 11 on the periphery of the greenhouse is provided with ground anchor cables pulled obliquely outwards, which are used to balance the tension of the suspension cables and reduce the lateral force on the columns 11.

[0028] The column 11 passes through the crossbeam 12, and the inner and outer end surfaces of the crossbeam 12 are provided with slides, and a rail pulley is connected between the two corresponding slides. The existing working vehicles in the greenhouse all use ground tracks. The tracks need to be disassembled and installed when cultivating each crop, and the tracks occupy the cultivated area, reducing the land utilization rate. Some greenhouses also use aerial tracks, but the tracks are later installed tracks and cannot be organically combined with the main structure of the greenhouse. The track strength is low, the deformation range is large during operation, and the bearing capacity is limited, and heavy-load operations cannot be performed. This case adopts an integrated design of the track and the main structure of the greenhouse. The crossbeam and the track are two-in-one, which saves materials and strengthens the track strength. The track does not need to be repeatedly disassembled and installed. The slide track is connected to a rail pulley for spraying, watering, fertilizing, and transportation operations, which improves the versatility and versatility of the equipment.

[0029] The upper end surface of the lower longitudinal beam 8 is provided with a drainage groove, and the corresponding column 11 passes through the drainage groove on the upper surface of the lower longitudinal beam 8. The cross section of the column 11 is smaller than the drainage groove, which will not affect the normal drainage of the drainage groove. Depending on whether the column 11 passes through the roof at the upper longitudinal beam 7 or the lower longitudinal beam 8, there are different installation methods. When the column 11 passes through the upper longitudinal beam 7, the upper longitudinal beam 7 is disconnected from the column 11 and then fixed to the two end surfaces of the column 11 respectively; when the column 11 passes through the lower longitudinal beam 8, the lower longitudinal beam 8 is provided with a drainage groove, and the corresponding column 11 passes through the drainage groove of the lower longitudinal beam 8, and the connection is coated with sealant to prevent water leakage.

[0030] Several secondary ribs 4 are bolted between adjacent upper longitudinal beams 7 and lower longitudinal beams 8 at the same time. The upper and lower ends of the secondary ribs 4 are bolted to the upper longitudinal beams 7 and lower longitudinal beams 8 respectively. The secondary ribs 4 are erected between the upper longitudinal beams 7 and lower longitudinal beams 8, which can increase the structural stability and better fix the greenhouse covering materials.

[0031] A plurality of tensioning rods 3 are installed between the suspension cable 13 and the upper longitudinal beam 7. Both ends of the tensioning rod 3 are installed with connecting bolts. One end of the tensioning rod 3 is connected to a suspension cable buckle through the connecting bolt. The suspension cable buckle is sleeved with the suspension cable. The other end of the tensioning buckle 3 is connected to the upper longitudinal beam 7 through the connecting bolt, so that the tensioning rod 3 can tension the suspension cable 13 by rotating the connecting bolt. The suspension cable 13 can be tensioned, which plays a lifting role on the combined beam frame 1 below.

[0032] The crossbeam 12 is equipped with several ground anchor cables 5, and one end of the ground anchor cable 5 is equipped with a ground anchor 6 to increase the wind resistance of the composite beam frame 1. When the roof is exposed to wind, the upward suction force in the middle of the composite beam frame is the largest, which will produce a large swing amplitude. At this time, adding the ground anchor cable can reduce the swing amplitude of the roof during strong winds. Therefore, when the composite beam frame is installed using the same specification material, the installation of the ground anchor cable on the crossbeam can increase the span of the composite beam frame during design. When the span is determined, the installation of the crossbeam ground anchor cable can reduce the material specifications of the composite beam frame during design. The ground anchor cable is equipped with a basket bolt for tensioning the ground anchor cable, and the ground anchor cable can be disassembled from the basket bolt. Since the roof of the shed is subjected to an upward force during strong winds, the function of the ground anchor cable is to pull the roof downward. However, since strong winds do not occur every day, the ground anchor cable can be removed in non-strong winds to reduce the number of obstacles in the shed to meet the turning space required for large-scale mechanical operations, and the ground anchor cable can be reinstalled after the work is completed. Existing solar greenhouses are accessed through small doorways, and the distance between the columns in the greenhouse is generally less than 4 meters, so large machinery cannot enter. Even if you enter the greenhouse from other locations, you cannot operate due to the dense columns in the greenhouse. You can only use a large amount of manpower to work, which is not conducive to improving production efficiency. The standard multi-span film greenhouse also has this problem. Reducing the number of columns in the greenhouse requires the use of trusses, which greatly increases the construction cost. As a production greenhouse, the most important thing is economy. At present, multi-span film greenhouses generally use low-height, narrow-wheelbase greenhouse-specific agricultural machinery. The purchase cost of special machinery is high, the scope of application is narrow, and the operation efficiency is low.

[0033] The crossbeam 12 is provided with several water tanks. When the water tanks are filled with water, a large downward force is applied to the crossbeam, thereby increasing the wind resistance of the overall composite beam frame. It plays the same role as the ground anchor cable installed on the crossbeam, but does not occupy the ground space. The span can be increased by using the same specification materials. When the span is the same, adding water tanks on the crossbeam can reduce the material usage of the composite beam frame. Since there is no need to install ground anchors on the ground, there are fewer obstacles in the shed. Water has a large specific heat capacity. When the temperature is high during the day, it can absorb heat to reduce the temperature in the shed. At night, it releases heat to increase the temperature in the shed. It plays the same role of heat storage and heat release as the earth wall of the solar greenhouse, reduces the temperature difference between day and night in the shed, and reduces the heating cost at night. Therefore, adding water tanks on the crossbeam plays the triple role of reducing the material usage of the composite beam frame, reducing the swing amplitude of the roof during strong winds, and adjusting the temperature in the shed. At the same time, it does not increase the number of ground obstacles in the shed, which is conducive to mechanized operation.

[0034] Working principle: This scheme is mainly composed of multiple composite beam frame 1 units, with the horizontal span and the vertical bay. Figure 1 The greenhouse shown is a 3-bay 3-span structure. The main load-bearing structures of the existing glass greenhouse and multi-span film greenhouse are trusses and arch rods, respectively. Both are subject to downward pressure. The downward pressure increases when there is rain and snow load. In the combined beam frame 1 of this case, the crossbeam 12 is subjected to the upward pulling force of the ribs, and the suspension cable 13 is subjected to the downward pulling force of the ribs, thereby being tensioned. When there is rain and snow load on the greenhouse, the downward force on the suspension cable 13 becomes larger, and the upward force on the crossbeam 12 becomes smaller. The force direction is opposite to that of the crossbeam 12 of the existing truss or arch structure, and it is only subjected to tension. Even if the length of the crossbeam 12 is longer, it is pulled upward by the main ribs in the middle, so the crossbeam 12 does not need to use very thick materials. In this solution, the suspension cable 13 is the main load-bearing structure, and the crossbeam 12 plays the role of stabilizing the structure. Therefore, when the span increases, the strength of the crossbeam 12 does not need to be greatly increased, thereby reducing the amount of material used;

[0035] At the same time, when the span of the existing truss structure and arch structure increases, the material strength needs to increase proportionally by the square of the increase, resulting in the span of the existing multi-span film greenhouse being generally 8 meters. If it increases to 16 meters, the material usage is more than 4 times that of the span of 8 meters, and the cost increases rapidly. This solution uses the cable 13 as the main load-bearing structure. The cable 13 is tensioned along the axis as a whole, rather than being subjected to bending moment like the truss structure. Therefore, when the span increases, the material strength increases linearly, rather than by square multiples. Therefore, it has better economy when building a large-span multi-span greenhouse.

[0036] According to the construction site and construction requirements, the relative lengths of the two main ribs of the V-shaped slope can be adjusted, which changes the inclination of the ribs so that the angles of the sunny slope and the shady slope of the greenhouse are different. On the premise of meeting the drainage requirements of the roof, the roof is set to a sawtooth slope to improve ventilation and lighting performance.

[0037] The crossbeam 12 is provided with a sunshade and heat-insulating curtain retracting and releasing device inside the greenhouse. Since the sunshade system inside the greenhouse has good sunshade performance and also has a heat-insulating effect at night, the sunshade system inside the greenhouse has gradually become the standard configuration of multi-span film greenhouses. The internal sunshade systems of traditional multi-span film greenhouses and glass greenhouses are all installed on trusses, but this case does not have a truss structure, so the internal sunshade system is installed on the crossbeam. Compared with the suspension greenhouse composed of two suspension cables, load-bearing cables and tensioning cables, since there is no lower crossbeam, when installing the internal sunshade system, it is necessary to add another beam with the same span. The crossbeam in this case not only plays the role of stabilizing the combined beam frame, but is also a structural component of the internal sunshade system.

[0038] The preferred specific embodiments of the utility model are described in detail above. It should be understood that ordinary technicians in this field can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the utility model without creative work. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by technicians in this technical field based on the concept of the utility model through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the existing technology should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A large-span multi-span greenhouse, comprising a plurality of composite beam frames (1), characterized in that: A plurality of the combined beam frames (1) are fixedly connected end to end to form a support unit (2), a plurality of upper longitudinal beams (7) and lower longitudinal beams (8) are arranged between the plurality of the support units (2), and the plurality of the upper longitudinal beams (7) and the plurality of the lower longitudinal beams (8) are staggeredly distributed; The composite beam frame (1) comprises a column (11), a cross beam (12), a suspension cable (13) and a plurality of main ribs (14); the number of the columns (11) is two, and two adjacent composite beam frames (1) share the same column (11); the cross beam (12) is erected between the two columns (11); the upper end and the lower end of the main rib (14) are respectively fixedly connected to the upper longitudinal beam (7) and the lower longitudinal beam (8); the lower longitudinal beam (8) is fixedly mounted on the cross beam (12); the two ends of the suspension cable (13) are fixedly mounted on the corresponding two columns (11); and the greenhouse covering material is installed on the grid formed between the main ribs (14), the upper longitudinal beam (7) and the lower longitudinal beam (8).

2. A large-span multi-span greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower longitudinal beam (8) is in the shape of a drainage trough, and the greenhouse covering material is fixed on the trough-shaped lower longitudinal beam (8).

3. A large-span multi-span greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upright column (11) passes through the cross beam (12), and the inner and outer end surfaces of the cross beam (12) are both provided with slide grooves, and a rail pulley is externally connected between two corresponding slide grooves.

4. The large-span multi-span greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of secondary ribs (4) are arranged between the adjacent upper longitudinal beams (7) and lower longitudinal beams (8), and the upper end and the lower end of the secondary ribs (4) are respectively fixedly connected to the upper longitudinal beam (7) and the lower longitudinal beam (8).

5. A large-span multi-span greenhouse according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main ribs (14) and / or the secondary ribs (4) are made of a flexible material stretched or a rigid material.

6. The large-span multi-span greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of tensioning rods (3) are arranged between the suspension cable (13) and the upper longitudinal beam (7), and connecting bolts are arranged at both ends of the tensioning rod (3). One end of the tensioning rod (3) is connected to a suspension cable buckle via a connecting bolt, and the suspension cable buckle is connected to the suspension cable. The other end of the tensioning rod (3) is connected to the upper longitudinal beam (7) via a connecting bolt.

7. The large-span multi-span greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of water tanks are arranged on the crossbeam (12).

8. The large-span multi-span greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crossbeam (12) is provided with a sunshade and heat-insulating curtain retracting and unfolding device in the shed.

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