Air preheating system of household garbage incineration power plant
By designing first- and second-level air preloaders in the air preheating system of domestic waste incineration power plants and implementing their series operation, the problem of resource waste is solved, the efficiency of heat energy utilization is improved, and energy conservation is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420853282.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-22
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-23
AI Technical Summary
The air preheating system of existing domestic waste incineration power plants has the problem of waste resources and has failed to effectively utilize the discharged hydrophobic thermal energy.
An air preheating system is designed, including a primary air preloader and a secondary air preloader. The heat exchange between air and steam is realized through the connection door and pipe connection, and the steam is controlled through the fifth contact door to realize the series operation of the primary and secondary air preloaders.
The heat exchange area between the air and the air preloader is improved, the utilization efficiency of steam is increased, the hydrophobic temperature is reduced, and energy saving is achieved, while meeting the temperature demand of the primary wind of the incineration boiler.
Smart Images
Figure CN222783537U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of garbage incineration treatment, and in particular relates to an air preheating system of a domestic garbage incineration power plant. Background Art
[0002] Using domestic garbage in boilers to burn the steam generated for power generation and steam supply has the social benefits of saving energy and reducing environmental pollution, as well as good economic benefits. However, if the garbage is not fully burned, a large amount of harmful gases will be generated, which will increase the cost of treatment and even seriously pollute the environment, and the boiler efficiency will be greatly reduced.
[0003] In domestic waste incineration projects, since the calorific value of waste is not high, in order to ensure stable combustion of waste, it is usually necessary to heat the combustion air of the waste incineration, that is, the primary air supply temperature of the boiler must be increased to above 180°C.
[0004] Most of the air preheaters in waste incineration power plants have two steam inlet sections. When one section is put into use, the other section is idle. The air exchanges heat with one section of the preheater, and the drain formed after the heat exchange is discharged through the drain pipe. At this time, the temperature of the discharged drain is still relatively high and still has utilization value. If it is discharged directly, there will be a waste of resources. Utility Model Content
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide an air preheating system for a domestic waste incineration power plant with compact structure, convenient operation, high thermal energy efficiency and low cost in view of the deficiencies in the prior art.
[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
[0007] An air preheating system for a domestic waste incineration power plant comprises an air preheater body, wherein the air preheater body is provided with a primary air preheater and a secondary air preheater;
[0008] The air inlet of the first-stage air preheater is connected to the air delivery pump through a pipeline with a seventh connecting door, the steam pipeline inlet in the first-stage air preheater is connected to the steam main pipe for conveying steam extracted from the steam turbine through a pipeline with a first connecting door, and the steam pipeline outlet in the first-stage air preheater is connected to the first steam trap through a pipeline with a second connecting door;
[0009] The air inlet of the secondary air preheater is connected to the air delivery pump through a pipeline with a sixth connecting door, the steam pipeline inlet in the secondary air preheater is connected to the steam main pipe for conveying saturated steam from the steam drum through a pipeline with a third connecting door, and the steam pipeline outlet in the secondary air preheater is connected to the second steam trap through a pipeline with a fourth connecting door;
[0010] The primary air preheater and the secondary air preheater are connected through a sleeve with a fifth connecting door, and the fifth connecting door is used to control the on and off of steam, so that the air and steam in the primary air preheater flow into the secondary air preheater, and the air outlet of the secondary air preheater is connected to the incineration boiler through a pipeline;
[0011] When the first-stage air preheater operates independently, the first, second and seventh communication doors are opened, and the third, fourth, fifth and sixth communication doors are closed. Air and steam exchange heat in the first-stage air preheater, and the preheated air flows through the second-stage air preheater and enters the incineration boiler as primary air.
[0012] When the secondary air preheater operates independently, the third, fourth and sixth contact doors are opened, the first, second, fifth and seventh contact doors are closed, and the air and steam are heat exchanged in the secondary air preheater. The preheated air enters the incineration boiler as primary air.
[0013] When the first-stage air preheater and the second-stage air preheater are connected in series, the first, fifth, fourth and seventh communication doors are opened, and the second, third and sixth communication doors are closed. Air and steam flow through the first-stage air preheater and the second-stage air preheater and exchange heat. The preheated air enters the incineration boiler as primary air.
[0014] As a further improvement of the utility model, the steam main pipe for conveying the steam extracted from the steam turbine is provided with a first-stage air preheater steam inlet manual door, a first-stage air preheater steam inlet electric door and a first orifice flowmeter in sequence to control the amount of steam entering the first-stage air preheater.
[0015] As a further improvement of the utility model, a steam main pipe for conveying steam extracted from the steam turbine is provided with a pipeline with a first-stage air preheater sewage door connected to the fixed-discharge expansion tank.
[0016] As a further improvement of the utility model, the steam main pipe for transporting saturated steam from the steam drum is provided with a secondary air preheater steam inlet manual door, a secondary air preheater steam inlet electric door and a second orifice flowmeter in sequence to control the amount of steam entering the secondary air preheater.
[0017] As a further improvement of the utility model, a steam main pipe for conveying saturated steam from the drum is provided with a pipeline with a secondary air preheater blowdown door connected to the fixed-discharge expansion tank.
[0018] As a further improvement of the utility model, the inlet and outlet of the first steam trap are respectively provided with a first steam trap front isolation door and a first steam trap rear isolation door; and the pipeline with the first steam trap bypass door and the pipeline with the first steam trap are arranged in parallel on the steam trap discharge pipe of the first-stage air preheater.
[0019] As a further improvement of the utility model, the inlet and outlet of the second steam trap are respectively provided with a second steam trap front isolation door and a second steam trap rear isolation door; and the pipeline with the second steam trap bypass door and the pipeline with the second steam trap are arranged in parallel on the steam trap discharge pipe of the secondary air preheater.
[0020] As a further improvement of the utility model, the air preheater body is connected to the fixed-row expansion tank through a pipeline with an air preheater body sewage door.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the utility model are:
[0022] The utility model discloses an air preheating system for a domestic waste incineration power plant, wherein a primary air preheater and a secondary air preheater are arranged in an air preheater body; the primary air preheater and the secondary air preheater are both provided with corresponding air inlet connecting pipes, and are also connected to a steam main pipe through corresponding pipes and connecting doors, the primary air preheater and the secondary air preheater can both operate independently, thereby realizing heat exchange between air and steam and ensuring the primary air demand of the incineration boiler; further, a casing with a fifth connecting door is connected between the primary air preheater and the secondary air preheater, and the fifth connecting door is used to control the on and off of steam, so that the air and steam in the primary air preheater flow into the secondary air preheater, thus realizing the series operation of the primary air preheater and the secondary air preheater, and the air and steam both flow through the primary air preheater and the secondary air preheater and exchange heat, which is equivalent to increasing the heat exchange area between the air and the air preheater, and increasing the utilization efficiency of the steam, thereby reducing the drain temperature and realizing energy saving under the premise of meeting the primary air demand of the incineration boiler. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the air preheating system of the domestic waste incineration power plant in the specific embodiment of the utility model.
[0024] Legend: 1. Air preheater body; 2. First-stage air preheater; 3. Second-stage air preheater; 4. First contact door; 5. Second contact door; 6. Third contact door; 7. Fourth contact door; 8. Fifth contact door; 9. Sixth contact door; 10. Seventh contact door; 11. Manual steam inlet door for first-stage air preheater; 12. Electric steam inlet door for first-stage air preheater; 13. First orifice flowmeter; 14. Drain door for first-stage air preheater; 15. Manual steam inlet door for second-stage air preheater; 16. Second-stage air preheater Electric steam inlet door for air preheater; 17. Second orifice flowmeter; 18. Secondary air preheater blowdown door; 19. Air preheater body blowdown door; 20. First steam trap bypass door; 21. Isolation door before first steam trap; 22. First steam trap; 23. Isolation door after first steam trap; 24. First drainage door; 25. Second steam trap bypass door; 26. Isolation door before second steam trap; 27. Second steam trap; 28. Isolation door after second steam trap; 29. Second drainage door. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "side", "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation to the present invention.
[0027] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present utility model, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0028] Example
[0029] like Figure 1As shown, the air preheating system of the domestic waste incineration power plant of the utility model comprises an air preheater body 1, in which a primary air preheater 2 and a secondary air preheater 3 are arranged. The air inlet of the primary air preheater 2 is connected to the air delivery pump through a pipeline with a seventh connecting door 10, the steam pipeline inlet in the primary air preheater 2 is connected to the steam main pipe for conveying steam extracted from the steam turbine through a pipeline with a first connecting door 4, and the steam pipeline outlet in the primary air preheater 2 is connected to the first steam trap 22 through a pipeline with a second connecting door 5. The steam parameters of the steam extracted from the steam turbine are 0.98Mpa and 244°C, which can effectively meet the demand for air preheating.
[0030] The air inlet of the secondary air preheater 3 is connected to the air delivery pump through a pipeline with a sixth connecting door 9, the steam pipeline inlet in the secondary air preheater 3 is connected to the steam main pipe for delivering saturated steam from the drum through a pipeline with a third connecting door 6, and the steam pipeline outlet in the secondary air preheater 3 is connected to the second steam trap 27 through a pipeline with a fourth connecting door 7. The parameters of the saturated steam extracted from the drum are 4.4Mpa and 256℃, which can effectively meet the needs of air preheating.
[0031] The primary air preheater 2 and the secondary air preheater 3 are connected via a sleeve with a fifth connecting door 8, and the fifth connecting door 8 is used to control the on and off of steam to enable the air and steam in the primary air preheater 2 to flow into the secondary air preheater 3, and the air outlet of the secondary air preheater 3 is connected to the incineration boiler through a pipeline.
[0032] When the primary air preheater 2 operates independently, the first communication door 4, the second communication door 5 and the seventh communication door 10 are opened, and the third communication door 6, the fourth communication door 7, the fifth communication door 8 and the sixth communication door 9 are closed. Cold air enters the primary air preheater 2 through the seventh communication door 10, and steam enters the steam pipe inside the primary air preheater 2 through the first communication door 4. Steam or saturated water flows in the steam pipe to release heat, and air flushes horizontally outside the pipe to achieve heat exchange between air and steam in the primary air preheater 2. The water after heat exchange is discharged from the primary air preheater 2 through the second communication door 5. The preheated air flows through the secondary air preheater 3 and enters the incineration boiler as primary air.
[0033] When the secondary air preheater 3 operates independently, the third communication door 6, the fourth communication door 7 and the sixth communication door 9 are opened, and the first communication door 4, the second communication door 5, the fifth communication door 8 and the seventh communication door 10 are closed. Cold air enters the secondary air preheater 3 through the sixth communication door 9, and steam enters the steam pipe inside the secondary air preheater 3 through the third communication door 6. Steam or saturated water flows in the steam pipe to release heat, and air flushes horizontally outside the pipe to achieve heat exchange between air and steam in the secondary air preheater 3. The water after heat exchange is discharged from the secondary air preheater 3 through the fourth communication door 7. The preheated air enters the incineration boiler as primary air.
[0034] When the primary air preheater 2 and the secondary air preheater 3 are connected in series, the first communication door 4, the fifth communication door 8, the fourth communication door 7 and the seventh communication door 10 are opened, the second communication door 5, the third communication door 6 and the sixth communication door 9 are closed, and the cold air enters the primary air preheater 2 through the fourth communication door 7, and the steam enters the pipe inside the primary air preheater 2 through the first communication door 4. The cold air and steam exchange heat in the primary air preheater 2 and enter the secondary air preheater 3 through the sleeve connected by the fifth communication door 8, and continue to flow heat exchange in the secondary air preheater 3, that is, the air and steam flow through the primary air preheater 2 and the secondary air preheater 3 and exchange heat. The preheated air enters the incineration boiler as the primary air. The preheated air after the primary air preheater 2 and the secondary air preheater 3 are connected in series can reach 180°C, which fully meets the temperature requirement of the boiler primary air.
[0035] In this embodiment, a primary air preheater and a secondary air preheater are arranged in the air preheater body; the primary air preheater and the secondary air preheater are both provided with corresponding air inlet connecting pipes, and are also connected to the steam main pipe through corresponding pipes and connecting doors. The primary air preheater and the secondary air preheater can operate independently, realizing the heat exchange of air and steam, and ensuring the primary air demand of the incineration boiler. Further, the sleeve with the fifth connecting door between the primary air preheater and the secondary air preheater is connected, and the fifth connecting door is used to control the on and off of steam to realize the air and steam in the primary air preheater to flow into the secondary air preheater, thus realizing the series operation of the primary air preheater and the secondary air preheater, and the air and steam both flow through the primary air preheater and the secondary air preheater and exchange heat, which is equivalent to increasing the heat exchange area between the air and the air preheater, and increasing the utilization efficiency of the steam, thereby reducing the drain temperature, and realizing energy saving under the premise of meeting the primary air demand of the incineration boiler.
[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a first-stage air preheater steam inlet manual door 11, a first-stage air preheater steam inlet electric door 12 and a first orifice flowmeter 13 are sequentially provided on the steam main pipe for conveying steam extracted from the steam turbine, so as to control the amount of steam entering the first-stage air preheater 2.
[0037] Furthermore, a pipe with a first-stage air preheater blowdown door 14 is provided on the steam main pipe for conveying the steam extracted from the steam turbine, and is connected to the fixed-discharge expansion tank to meet the blowdown demand.
[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a secondary air preheater steam inlet manual door 15, a secondary air preheater steam inlet electric door 16 and a second orifice flowmeter 17 are sequentially provided on the steam main pipe for transporting saturated steam from the steam drum to control the amount of steam entering the secondary air preheater 3.
[0039] Furthermore, a pipe with a secondary air preheater blowdown door 18 is provided on the steam main pipe for conveying saturated steam from the drum, and is connected to the fixed-discharge expansion tank to meet blowdown requirements.
[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the inlet and outlet of the first steam trap 22 are respectively provided with a first steam trap front isolation door 21 and a first steam trap rear isolation door 23; and the pipeline with the first steam trap bypass door 20 and the pipeline with the first steam trap 22 are arranged in parallel on the steam trap discharge pipe of the first air preheater 2. When the steam trap fails, the steam flowing out of the first air preheater 2 can be directly discharged through the pipeline with the first steam trap bypass door 20. Further, the steam trap discharge pipe of the first air preheater 2 is provided with a first drain gate 24 to control the communication between the steam trap discharge pipe and the steam trap main pipe.
[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the inlet and outlet of the second steam trap 27 are respectively provided with a second steam trap front isolation door 26 and a second steam trap rear isolation door 28; and the pipeline with the second steam trap bypass door 25 and the pipeline with the second steam trap 27 are arranged in parallel on the drain discharge pipe of the secondary air preheater 3. When the steam trap fails, the drain flowing out of the secondary air preheater 3 can be directly discharged through the pipeline with the second steam trap bypass door 25. Further, a second drain gate 29 is provided on the drain discharge pipe of the secondary air preheater 3 to control the communication between the drain discharge pipe and the drain main pipe.
[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the air preheater body 1 is connected to the fixed-row expansion tank through a pipeline with an air preheater body sewage door 19 to meet the sewage discharge requirements of the air preheater body 1.
[0043] Although the utility model is disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the utility model. Any technician familiar with the art can use the above disclosed methods and technical contents to make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the utility model without departing from the spirit and technical solution of the utility model, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent replacement, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the utility model without departing from the content of the technical solution of the utility model still falls within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the utility model.
Claims
1. An air preheating system for a domestic waste incineration power plant, characterized in that: It comprises an air preheater body (1), wherein the air preheater body (1) is provided with a primary air preheater (2) and a secondary air preheater (3); The air inlet of the primary air preheater (2) is connected to the air delivery pump via a pipeline with a seventh connecting door (10), the steam pipeline inlet in the primary air preheater (2) is connected to the steam main pipe for conveying steam extracted from the steam turbine via a pipeline with a first connecting door (4), and the steam pipeline outlet in the primary air preheater (2) is connected to the first steam trap (22) via a pipeline with a second connecting door (5); The air inlet of the secondary air preheater (3) is connected to the air delivery pump via a pipeline with a sixth connecting door (9), the steam pipeline inlet in the secondary air preheater (3) is connected to the steam main pipe for delivering saturated steam from the steam drum via a pipeline with a third connecting door (6), and the steam pipeline outlet in the secondary air preheater (3) is connected to the second steam trap (27) via a pipeline with a fourth connecting door (7); The primary air preheater (2) and the secondary air preheater (3) are connected via a sleeve with a fifth connecting door (8), and the fifth connecting door (8) is used to control the on and off of steam, so as to enable the air and steam in the primary air preheater (2) to flow into the secondary air preheater (3), and the air outlet of the secondary air preheater (3) is connected to the incineration boiler via a pipeline; When the primary air preheater (2) operates independently, the first communication door (4), the second communication door (5) and the seventh communication door (10) are opened, and the third communication door (6), the fourth communication door (7), the fifth communication door (8) and the sixth communication door (9) are closed, and air and steam exchange heat in the primary air preheater (2), and the preheated air flows through the secondary air preheater (3) and then enters the incineration boiler as primary air; When the secondary air preheater (3) operates independently, the third communication door (6), the fourth communication door (7) and the sixth communication door (9) are opened, the first communication door (4), the second communication door (5), the fifth communication door (8) and the seventh communication door (10) are closed, and air and steam exchange heat in the secondary air preheater (3), and the preheated air enters the incineration boiler as primary air; When the primary air preheater (2) and the secondary air preheater (3) are connected in series, the first communication door (4), the fifth communication door (8), the fourth communication door (7) and the seventh communication door (10) are opened, and the second communication door (5), the third communication door (6) and the sixth communication door (9) are closed, and air and steam flow through the primary air preheater (2) and the secondary air preheater (3) and perform heat exchange, and the preheated air enters the incineration boiler as primary air.
2. The air preheating system of a domestic waste incineration power plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A steam main pipe for conveying steam extracted from a steam turbine is provided with a first-stage air preheater steam inlet manual door (11), a first-stage air preheater steam inlet electric door (12) and a first orifice plate flowmeter (13) in sequence, so as to control the amount of steam entering the first-stage air preheater (2).
3. The air preheating system of the domestic waste incineration power plant according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A pipe with a first-stage air preheater blowdown door (14) is provided on the steam main pipe for conveying the first-stage steam extraction of the steam turbine, and is connected to the fixed-discharge expansion tank.
4. The air preheating system for a domestic waste incineration power plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A steam main pipe for conveying drum saturated steam is provided with a secondary air preheater steam inlet manual door (15), a secondary air preheater steam inlet electric door (16) and a second orifice plate flow meter (17) in sequence, so as to control the amount of steam entering the secondary air preheater (3).
5. The air preheating system of the domestic waste incineration power plant according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A steam main pipe for conveying saturated steam from the drum is provided with a pipeline with a secondary air preheater blowdown door (18) connected to the fixed discharge expansion tank.
6. The air preheating system of a domestic waste incineration power plant according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The inlet and outlet of the first steam trap (22) are respectively provided with a first steam trap front isolation door (21) and a first steam trap rear isolation door (23); and a pipeline with a first steam trap bypass door (20) and a pipeline with the first steam trap (22) are arranged in parallel on the steam trap discharge pipe of the first-stage air preheater (2).
7. The air preheating system of a domestic waste incineration power plant according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The inlet and outlet of the second steam trap (27) are respectively provided with a second steam trap front isolation door (26) and a second steam trap rear isolation door (28); and a pipeline with a second steam trap bypass door (25) and a pipeline with the second steam trap (27) are arranged in parallel on the steam trap discharge pipe of the secondary air preheater (3).
8. The air preheating system of a domestic waste incineration power plant according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The air preheater body (1) is connected to the fixed-discharge expansion tank via a pipeline with an air preheater body sewage discharge door (19).